ProteinsPathwaysIntracellularMechanismsGenesProtein localizationMediatePathogensEffectorMoleculesRegulatorsPathwayTranscriptional activationTumourTransductionPeptidesProcessesPhysiologyPhysiolAccumulationHormonesEukaryoticInsulinNucleusArabidopsisRegulationDrought stressEthylenePathogenResponsesActinSusceptibilityRiceXanthomonasCompartmentsPhenolic compoundsAbiotic stressMulticellularDevelopmentBacterialMethylationCrop plantsResponseStress resistanceTissuesBiol2023CellularBZIPRoleStressesFront Plant SciCell
Proteins17
- These proteins can bind promoter sequences in the host plant and activate the expression of plant genes that aid bacterial infection. (wikipedia.org)
- They inject a number of effector proteins, including TAL effectors, into the plant via their type III secretion system. (wikipedia.org)
- When injected into plants, these proteins can enter the nucleus of the plant cell, bind plant promoter sequences, and activate transcription of plant genes that aid in bacterial infection. (wikipedia.org)
- ABA is a stress hormone perceived by the soluble receptor PYR1 (encoded by Pyrabactin resistance 1 ) and its related PYR1- like and R egulatory C omponent of ABA R ecepto r proteins ( PYL/RCAR , PYLs for simplicity) 18 . (nature.com)
- Other flavin-associated proteins may also be excited by visible light and could contribute to either light sensing and signaling or light toxicity, the latter through photosensitization and ROS production [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, in some plant species or varieties, virus-encoded proteins can sometimes act as determinants in plant defense responses and as host-controlled pawns to elicit extreme resistance (ER). (encyclopedia.pub)
- On the other hand, to counteract ETS, plants have evolved intracellular resistance (R) proteins that directly or indirectly recognize pathogen effectors or Avr factors to activate ETI and trigger the second layer of defense. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Since the first viral Avr factor and antiviral R genes were identified in 1984 [ 22 ] and 1994 [ 23 ] , increasingly diverse Avr factors and R proteins have been characterized in different virus-plant combinations. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Sulfonation is one of the most abundant cellular reactions modifying a wide range of xenobiotics as well as endogenous molecules which regulate important biological processes including blood clotting, formation of connective tissues, and functionality of secreted proteins, hormones, and signaling molecules. (oncotarget.com)
- The Ti plasmid is cut by endonucleases to release single-stranded T-DNA, which is covered with protective proteins, and transported into the plant cell through a conjugation-like mechanism. (istudy.pk)
- Genome-wide identification and analyses of the rice calmodulin and related potential calcium sensor proteins , 2007, BMC Plant Biol. (github.io)
- Further, a xenograft tumor model showed that Nek2 knockdown could improve the anti-tumor effect of sorafenib, whereas an analysis of tumor proteins showed that Nek2 regulates β-catenin protein levels and its nuclear translocation in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
- Their presence in the cytoplasm is directly or indirectly detected by receptors, so-called resistance (R) proteins, or nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins encoded by R- genes. (researchsquare.com)
- His fields of research comprise RNA-mediated gene silencing processes with a focus on epigenetic phenomena, including studies on RNA-directed DNA methylation, the characterization of virus silencing suppressor proteins, the development of plant bioreactor platforms and viroid research. (degruyter.com)
- 2010) A family of plasmodesmal proteins with receptor-like properties for plant viral movement proteins. (prelekara.sk)
- Role of plant lipid transfer proteins in plant cell physiology-a concise review. (geneticsmr.com)
- Eukaryotic expression vectors containing genes encoding plant proteins for killing of cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
Pathways1
Intracellular3
- On the other hand, as obligate intracellular parasites, plant viruses absolutely depend on the host cell machinery to multiply, move throughout the plant and spread to susceptible hosts. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Intracellular localization of a lipid transfer protein in Vigna unguiculata seeds. (geneticsmr.com)
- The protease not only releases small peptides, such as the amyloid-β peptide, which drives Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, but also intracellular domains, which can have critical functions in nuclear signaling. (cipsm.de)
Mechanisms7
- However, the role of their direct relationship in the immune response and the underlying molecular mechanisms in plants remain elusive. (bvsalud.org)
- Plant biologists subsequently discovered that many phytohormones regulate signaling through CID mechanisms. (nature.com)
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which fungal effectors regulate plant defense is of great importance for the development of novel strategies for disease control. (biorxiv.org)
- CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that activation of VEGFR-1 by VEGF-A within the carcinoma, and activation of lymphatic endothelial cell VEGFR-3 by VEGF-D within the adjacent benign stroma may be important see more signaling mechanisms involved in the progression and subsequent metastatic spread of prostate cancer. (cdk-receptor.com)
- Thus, a systematic understanding of the mechanisms associated with sorafenib resistance is critical to improve treatment options for HCC patients. (biomedcentral.com)
- The molecular mechanisms that mediate the diet-based prevention of insulin resistance, however, remain to be identified. (thno.org)
- To prevent infections with various phytopathogens, plants have evolved multi-tiered defence mechanisms. (researchsquare.com)
Genes13
- Plants have developed a defense mechanism against type III effectors that includes R (resistance) genes triggered by these effectors. (wikipedia.org)
- Plants respond to various stimuli under abiotic or biotic stress condition and express certain genes either structural or regulatory genes which maintain the plant integrity. (scielo.br)
- Genes involved in Fe acquisition in plants are induced under Fe-deficient conditions, and various genes putatively acting as Fe sensors have been discussed ( Kobayashi and Nishizawa, 2014 ). (frontiersin.org)
- In addition to the essential regulatory functions in plant growth and development, bZIP genes participate in the response to abiotic stress. (biomedcentral.com)
- We found genes involved in HOG pathway signaling, RNA polymerase II transcription, translation, diphthamide modifications of the translational elongation factor eEF2, and the oxidative stress response to be required for light resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our results would lay an important foundation for functional and evolutionary analysis of Cq bZIPs , and provide promising candidate genes for further investigation in tissue specificity and their functional involvement in quinoa's resistance to salt stress. (biomedcentral.com)
- In addition, such genes may play other roles in plant physiology or development. (istudy.pk)
- So far, most successful genetic engineering of plants has relied on inserting one or a few genes that supply simple, yet useful, properties. (istudy.pk)
- As more research into plant physiology occurs, more genes can be identified that increase the value of a crop. (istudy.pk)
- Scientists have exploited this genetic transfer in order to get genes with desired properties into plant cells. (istudy.pk)
- The same inducers activate expression of the virulence genes on the Ti plasmid that are responsible for DNA transfer to the plant. (istudy.pk)
- Genes associated with metabolism or insulin signaling were further quantified using the real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). (thno.org)
- They can modulate various biochemical and physiological processes, including plant response and resistance to fungal pathogens, by regulating the expression of numerous genes. (researchsquare.com)
Protein localization1
- Differentially expressed miRNAs target 49 transcripts and their gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the susceptible cultivar responds by modulating the processes of protein localization and pigment synthesis, whereas the resistant cultivar responds by modulating transcription factors and hormone signalling. (researchsquare.com)
Mediate2
- An introduction to the concept of plant stress and briefly describe a class of phytohormones - called Jasmonates - that mediate plant response to damages caused by herbivore insects, necrotrophic fungi, and mechanical wounding. (botany.one)
- Heat shock-induced biphasic Ca2+ signature and OsCaM1-1 nuclear localization mediate downstream signalling in acquisition of thermotolerance in rice Oryza sativa L. , 2012, Plant Cell Environ. (github.io)
Pathogens6
- The gaseous plant hormone ethylene is a key signaling molecule regulating plant growth, development, and defense against pathogens. (figshare.com)
- Octadecanoid-responsive arabidopsis 59 (ORA59) is an ethylene response factor (ERF) transcription factor and has been suggested to integrate ethylene and jasmonic acid signaling and regulate resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. (figshare.com)
- These are human health and plant resistance to pathogens and to biotic and abiotic stress factors. (mdpi.com)
- PTI is activated by specific recognition between PAMPs, such as bacterial flagellin and fungal chitin, and the corresponding membrane-anchored pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of plants, which serve as the first layer of defense against invading pathogens. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Plant viruses were historically viewed as non-PAMP coding pathogens and plant antiviral immunity was previously excluded from classical PTI models. (encyclopedia.pub)
- Successful pathogens can counteract the plant basal immune response by deploying the effectors into the cytoplasm of plant cells to attenuate defence. (researchsquare.com)
Effector3
- This competition between pathogenic bacteria and the host plant has been hypothesized to account for the apparently malleable nature of the TAL effector DNA binding domain. (wikipedia.org)
- In the plant immune system, according to the 'gene-for-gene' model, a resistance (R) gene product in the plant specifically surveils a corresponding effector protein functioning as an avirulence (Avr) gene product. (encyclopedia.pub)
- According to the zigzag model of plant-pathogen interactions, the plant innate immune system is broadly divided into two different layers: pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Molecules4
- Multicellular organisms (such as animals, plants, and fungi) produce signalling molecules called hormones that move through their bodies to regulate developmental and physiological processes. (botany.one)
- At least in plants, DNA regions that become de novo methylated can be defined by homologous RNA molecules in a process termed RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). (degruyter.com)
- Upon inoculation, mature Pospiviroidae RNA molecules enter the plant cell nucleus. (degruyter.com)
- MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)
Regulators2
- The term phytohormones was coined by Frits Went and Kenneth Thimann in 1937 to describe organic compounds that can act locally and systemically as plant growth regulators. (botany.one)
- We performed this study to identify potential regulators of β-catenin during sorafenib resistance in HCC. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathway2
- CgNLP1 disrupted nuclear accumulation of HbMYB8-like and suppressed necrosis induced by HbMYB8-like mediated SA signal pathway. (biorxiv.org)
- Downstream components of the calmodulin signaling pathway in the rice salt stress response revealed by transcriptome profiling and target identification. (github.io)
Transcriptional activation1
- The N-terminal ( IPR005398 ) portion of the protein is conserved neither in length nor sequence, but, in TUB, contains the nuclear localisation signal and may have transcriptional-activation activity. (embl.de)
Tumour1
- In vivo BLI revealed that signal increased over time with tumour development. (biorxiv.org)
Transduction1
- Plant/ crop productivity effected by the environmental strains such as water deficit condition (drought), Low temperature (cold), salt and High temperature (heat) these stresses disturb the signal transduction of gene regulatory systems of plants. (scielo.br)
Peptides2
- One example is that Au NPs have been derivatized with both antisense oligonucleotides and thiolated nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptides. (intechopen.com)
- Overview on plant antimicrobial peptides. (geneticsmr.com)
Processes2
- Abscissic Acid and Jasmonic Acid ) - are also activated in stress conditions to coordinate plant growth and defence, often inhibiting developmental processes to increase survival. (botany.one)
- Transcription factors (TFs) play vital roles in almost all plant biological processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Physiology3
- Plant Cell Physiology. (sinica.edu.tw)
- subsequently, disease symptoms develop as a consequence of disruptions of the cellular machinery required for plant physiology and natural growth, and these disruptions eventually result in developmental abnormalities and other phenotypic manifestations. (encyclopedia.pub)
- This Letter to the editor of Plant Physiology is led by Macarena Mellado-Sánchez, who works with Dana MacGregor at Rothamsted Research. (garnetcommunity.org.uk)
Physiol4
- Plant Cell Physiol. (sinica.edu.tw)
- Plant Physiol. (garnetcommunity.org.uk)
- Plant Physiol 138: 1853-1865. (prelekara.sk)
- Plant Physiol 149: 1810-1823. (prelekara.sk)
Accumulation4
- manihotis (Xam) infection increased endogenous ethylene levels, which positively modulated plant disease resistance through activating melatonin accumulation in cassava. (bvsalud.org)
- In addition, the ethylene-responsive transcription factor ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE LIKE5 (MeEIL5), a positive regulator of disease resistance, was essential for ethylene-induced melatonin accumulation and disease resistance in cassava. (bvsalud.org)
- A survey of agricultural technologies influencing the biosynthesis and accumulation of phenolic compounds in crop plants is presented, including observations on the effects of light, temperature, mineral nutrition, water management, grafting, elevated atmospheric CO 2 , growth and differentiation of the plant and application of elicitors, stimulating agents and plant activators. (mdpi.com)
- Reduced nuclear localization of the transcription factor Msn2 and lower glycogen accumulation indicated higher protein kinase A (cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA) activity in many light-sensitive gene deletion strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Hormones1
- In fact, it has long been established that plants living in suboptimal conditions accumulate stress hormones that act within the plant body to trigger a wide array of defensive and adaptive responses at the molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. (botany.one)
Eukaryotic2
- Our new modules enable ligand-programmable multi-channel CID systems for plant and eukaryotic synthetic biology that can empower new plant-based and microbe-based sensing modalities. (nature.com)
- The first described CID systems involve microbe-derived dimerizing ligands, such as rapamycin, that direct protein neo-associations that rewire eukaryotic cell signaling 5 . (nature.com)
Insulin8
- The mouse tubby mutation is the cause of maturity-onset obesity, insulin resistance and sensory deficits. (embl.de)
- Insulin resistance leading to high blood sugar, a hallmark of pre-diabetes, is a complex condition with many genetic and environmental determinants. (asbmb.org)
- The analysis showed that, despite individual environmental and genetic variation, a combination of three unrelated metabolites (C22:1-CoA, C2-carnitine and C16-ceramide) together formed an accurate signature for predicting insulin resistance. (asbmb.org)
- Here, we report that treatment with orally administered ginger-derived nanoparticles (GDNP) prevents insulin resistance by restoring homeostasis in gut epithelial Foxa2 mediated signaling in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). (thno.org)
- Increasing expression of Foxa2 leads to altering the composition of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) exosomes of mice fed a HFD and prevents IEC exosome mediated insulin resistance. (thno.org)
- Collectively, oral administration of GDNP prevents insulin resistance in HFD mice. (thno.org)
- Our findings showed that GDNP treatment can prevent HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance via protecting the Foxa2 from Akt-1 mediated phosphorylation. (thno.org)
- Therefore, obesity is considered a growing epidemic that is associated with complications, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, collectively referred to as metabolic syndrome. (thno.org)
Nucleus4
- In binding assays, ORA59 and RAP2.3 interacted in the nucleus and showed ethylene-dependent nuclear localization. (figshare.com)
- The T-DNA enters the plant nucleus where it integrates into plant chromosomal DNA. (istudy.pk)
- When PSTVd enters the plant cell, a specific signal seems to direct it into the nucleus. (degruyter.com)
- The mature viroid then exits the nucleus into the cytoplasm and moves to neighboring cells through the plasmodesmata (9) and to distant parts of the plant through the phloem (10). (degruyter.com)
Arabidopsis2
- Ectopic expression of CgNLP1 in Arabidopsis significantly enhanced the resistance to Botrytis cinerea and A. brassicicola . (biorxiv.org)
- They showed that misregulation of components that control the circadian oscillator causes alterations in water-use efficiency in Arabidopsis plants. (garnetcommunity.org.uk)
Regulation1
- Recently, the sterol regulatory element binding protein SrbA was found to be essential for adaptation to iron starvation, thereby linking regulation of iron metabolism, ergosterol biosynthesis, azole drug resistance, and hypoxia adaptation. (frontiersin.org)
Drought stress1
- Graphical abstract of the Cell article that studied the external signals that stressed plants emit after drought stress or wounding. (botany.one)
Ethylene5
- Ethylene and melatonin are widely involved in plant development and environmental stress responses. (bvsalud.org)
- Notably, the identification of heat stress transcription factor 20 (MeHsf20) as an interacting protein of MeEIL5 indicated the association between ethylene and melatonin in plant disease resistance. (bvsalud.org)
- This study illustrates the dual roles of MeEIL5 in fine-tuning MeHsf20-mediated coordination of melatonin biosynthesis and anti-bacterial activity, highlighting the ethylene-responsive MeEIL5 as the integrator of ethylene and melatonin signals in the immune response in cassava. (bvsalud.org)
- ORA59 played a positive role in ethylene-regulated responses, including the triple response, featured by short, thick hypocotyl and root, and exaggerated apical hook in dark-grown seedlings, and resistance to the necrotrophic pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum, as shown by the increased and decreased ethylene sensitivity and disease resistance in ORA59-overexpressing (ORA59OE) and null mutant (ora59) plants, respectively. (figshare.com)
- Transient expression of CgNLP1 in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana induced ethylene production in plants. (biorxiv.org)
Pathogen2
- The use of antibiotics and conventional pesticides has become ineffective due to increased pathogen resistance and associated ecotoxicological concerns. (bvsalud.org)
- In the context of plant-pathogen interaction, the application of nanoparticle technology and efficient transportation of substances, such as systemic AuNPs to the specific coupling of AuNPs and virus, provide novel solutions for the treatment of plants against the virus. (intechopen.com)
Responses1
- PTI comprises both physical and chemical defence responses, e.g. the deposition of lignin-like compounds in the cell wall, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of signalling cascades that modulate gene expression. (researchsquare.com)
Actin1
- This research has allowed them to discover new roles for clathrin-mediated endocytosis, the actin cytoskeleton and calcium signaling during SI. (garnetcommunity.org.uk)
Susceptibility1
- Tolerance and susceptibility for plant under stress condition are complex events in which stresses may affect the multiple stage of plant development. (scielo.br)
Rice6
- Xanthomonas are Gram-negative bacteria that can infect a wide variety of plant species including pepper/capsicum, rice, citrus, cotton, tomato, and soybeans. (wikipedia.org)
- Further studies revealed that the title compounds A10, A12 and A20 significantly impaired hypersensitivity in non-host plant tobacco leaves, while applications on rice significantly reduced symptoms of bacterial leaf blight. (bvsalud.org)
- Moreover, bZIP52 in rice is a negative regulator in cold signaling [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Rice transcription factor WRKY68 plays a positive role in Xa21 -mediated resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (chinacrops.org)
- Xa21 which harbors broad spectrum resistance to leaf blight is the first resistant gene cloned in rice and is widely used in rice breeding program. (chinacrops.org)
- oryzae ( Xoo ), indicating that WRKY68 played a positive role in Xa21 -mediated resistance in rice. (chinacrops.org)
Xanthomonas2
- Plant pathogenic Xanthomonas bacteria are especially known for TALEs, produced via their type III secretion system. (wikipedia.org)
- The WRKY68-RNAi transgenic lines showed reduced resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (chinacrops.org)
Compartments3
- Different subcellular compartments are suggested to be linked through complex retrograde signaling networks to regulate cellular metal homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)
- Understanding the role of these transporters is extremely important to elaborate the signaling between various subcellular compartments. (frontiersin.org)
- JAs derive from polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as α-linolenic acid , through a complex series of metabolic reactions that take place sequentially in different compartments of the plant cell (e.g., chloroplast, peroxisome, cytosol). (botany.one)
Phenolic compounds3
- Two main fields of interest form the background of actual demand for optimized levels of phenolic compounds in crop plants. (mdpi.com)
- In nature, Agrobacterium is attracted to plants that have minor wounds by phenolic compounds such as acetosyringone, which are released at the wound. (istudy.pk)
- This is under control of a t wo-component regulatory system At the cell surface , the sensor, VirA, is autophosphorylated when it detects the plant phenolic compounds. (istudy.pk)
Abiotic stress2
- Abiotic stress is the key cause of crop hammering globally, reducing average yields of most of the major crop plants. (scielo.br)
- Under the influence of abiotic stress plant change their molecular and physiological fine tuning and try to cope up and maintain the molecular and physiological disturbance which obtained from stress environment. (scielo.br)
Multicellular2
- Regeneration of a patterned multicellular organism from isolated pieces of adult somatic tissues is a remarkable phenomenon that occurs both in plants and animals ( Morgan, 1901 ). (biologists.com)
- TULPs are found in multicellular organisms from both the plant and animal kingdoms. (embl.de)
Development5
- However, the overuse of fungicides has led to a number of problems such as the development of resistance and environmental pollution. (bvsalud.org)
- Thus, the development of effective and sustainable antimicrobial agents for plant disease management is inevitable. (bvsalud.org)
- Alteration of the balance in uptake, distribution, and/or storage of these minerals severely impairs cellular metabolism and significantly affects plant growth and development. (frontiersin.org)
- The most obvious symptom of Fe-deficiency in plants is chlorosis due to a decrease in chlorophyll content, which significantly affects plant growth, development and product quality. (frontiersin.org)
- Depending on the intensity and duration of the stress, environmental factors can mildly affect the development of plant organs (below and/or above ground) or seriously impact plant reproduction. (botany.one)
Bacterial2
- T-DNA is transferred to the plant in a process similar to bacterial conjugation. (istudy.pk)
- The identification of transcription factor involved in Xa21 -mediated resistance to bacterial leaf blight is of great significance. (chinacrops.org)
Methylation1
- Since then, he has been working as a postodoc in Dr. Wassenegger's lab (RLP AgroScience GmbH, AlPlanta) and his main field of interest is RNA-interference (RNAi) and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) in plants. (degruyter.com)
Crop plants2
- Here, we review progress in the understanding of different subcellular metal transport components in plants and discuss the prospects of regulating cellular metabolism and strategies to develop biofortified crop plants. (frontiersin.org)
- Thus, regulating the uptake and cellular distribution of these minerals is extremely important for optimal cellular functioning and could lead to breeding crop plants with better adaptability to changing environments and may contribute to providing healthy food with improved mineral contents. (frontiersin.org)
Response1
- In March 2023, the scientific journal Cell published a research article that showed a curious response of plants under pressure: they are "calm" when grown in optimal conditions but "scream" when stressed. (botany.one)
Stress resistance1
- In addition to basic genomic information, our results provide a theoretical basis for further studies aimed at improving growth and stress resistance in C. paliurus, an important medicinal plant. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissues3
- Induction of new shoot meristems from cultured root explants is a widely used, but poorly understood, process in which apical plant tissues are regenerated from adult somatic tissue through the de novo formation of shoot meristems. (biologists.com)
- Sulfonation is ubiquitous in all tissues and widespread in nature (plants, animals, and microorganisms). (oncotarget.com)
- The dermis offers low resistance, as do almost all internal tissues except bone, which is a poor conductor of electricity. (medscape.com)
Biol3
- 2018, BMC Plant Biol. (github.io)
- Annu Rev Plant Biol 63: 239-260. (prelekara.sk)
- Curr Opin Plant Biol 16: 764-773. (prelekara.sk)
20231
- Plant Immunity" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/10410 (accessed December 07, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
Cellular1
- Continued efforts using directed evolution approaches will no doubt improve the spectral characteristics, photostability, maturation time, brightness, acid resistance, and utility of the fluorescent protein tags for cellular imaging. (fsu.edu)
BZIP1
- The bZIP gene family has been studied extensively in plants. (biomedcentral.com)
Role3
- Western blotting, flow cytometry, and an evaluation of IC 50 values were used to confirm the role of β-catenin in HCC sorafenib resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
- The next paper includes co-authors from the Sainsbury lab in Norwich and looks at the role of carbonic anhydrases in plant immunity at higher levels of CO2. (garnetcommunity.org.uk)
- Functional proteomics and immunofluorescence analyses of H3.1 and H3.3 revealed a highly conserved role for Nrp1 and Asf1 histone chaperones in nuclear influx of histones. (biomedcentral.com)
Stresses2
- The world is facing global warming due to urbanizations and industrialization and in this concerns plants exposed continuously to abiotic stresses which is a major cause of crop hammering every year. (scielo.br)
- Plants are being sessile in nature it can't move from one place to other places and contentiously exposed by extensive array of environmental stresses like as water deficit condition (drought), low temperature (cold), salt and high temperature (heat) etc. (scielo.br)
Front Plant Sci2
- Front Plant Sci. (garnetcommunity.org.uk)
- Front Plant Sci 3: 30. (prelekara.sk)
Cell6
- The Plant cell. (sinica.edu.tw)
- Plant, Cell and Environment. (rothamsted.ac.uk)
- These chemicals induce the bacteria to move and attach to the plant via a variety of cell surface receptors. (istudy.pk)
- This rodlike structure forms a connection with the plant cell and opens a channel through which the T-DNA is actively transported into the plant cytoplasm. (istudy.pk)
- We further confirmed that Nek2 could induce sorafenib resistance in HCC cell lines, and that β-catenin was the key element involved in this process. (biomedcentral.com)
- 5. AmariK, LerichA, Schmitt-KeichingerC, DoljaVV, RitzenthalerC (2011) Tubule-guided cell-to-cell movement of a plant virus requires class XI myosin motors. (prelekara.sk)