AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
GymnospermsPlants, Genetically ModifiedAngiospermsPlant ProteinsPlant LeavesPiceaGenes, PlantCycasConiferophytaPlant RootsPinusDNA, PlantTaxusPinaceaeGinkgo bilobaPinus taedaPlant ExtractsPlant ShootsPhylogenyGenome, PlantCycadophytaPlants, MedicinalFernsPlant DevelopmentZamiaceaeEphedraTreesPlants, ToxicArabidopsisSelaginellaceaePlant CellsSeedsEvolution, MolecularPlant StemsOvuleOcoteaLigninCambiumPseudotsugaFlowersCupressaceaeBryophytaPlantsPlants, EdibleGenome, ChloroplastPlant StructuresGnetumPinus sylvestrisPlant Growth RegulatorsThysanopteraViridiplantaeFossilsCunninghamiaPhloemDNA ShufflingGene Expression Regulation, PlantPollenExtinction, BiologicalWoodArabidopsis ProteinsSeed DispersalAmino Acid SequenceDNA, ChloroplastPlant ImmunityTobaccoCryptomeriaExpressed Sequence TagsSpecies SpecificityMultigene FamilyBase SequencePlant EpidermisMolecular Sequence DataRNA, PlantBiological EvolutionDNA, ComplementaryDiterpenes, KauraneSequence AlignmentChloroplastsPlant Stomata
AngiospermsConifersCycadsMonocotsPinesWoodyEvolutionaryBryophytesOvaryConiferPhotosynthesisGinkgoFungi300,000 speciesGuide to the Vascular PlantsSystematics and DiversityMossesCone-bearinDiversitySeedlessFerns and fern alliesPollinationAngiospermAlternationSporophyteXylemChapterConesConiferophytaSpecies of flowerGametophyteBiologyPinophytaFlowering PlantsOsmosis and diffusionPhotosyntheticSeeds are notConiferousLack a vascular systemDioeciousMorphologyCuticleFamiliesCharacteristicsEukaryoticMulticellularDominantGnetophytaAdaptationsVascular tissueClassificationReproductive
Angiosperms29
Conifers7
  • revealed seeds) are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae. (wikipedia.org)
  • By far the largest group of living gymnosperms are the conifers (pines, cypresses, and relatives), followed by cycads, gnetophytes (Gnetum, Ephedra and Welwitschia), and Ginkgo biloba (a single living species). (wikipedia.org)
  • About 65% of gymnosperms are dioecious, but conifers are almost all monoecious. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conifers are by far the most abundant extant group of gymnosperms with six to eight families, with a total of 65-70 genera and 600-630 species (696 accepted names). (wikipedia.org)
  • Some non-flowering plants , called gymnosperms or conifers, still produce seeds. (answerlib.org)
  • Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Scientists at Kew identified the most Evolutionary Distinct and Globally Endangered species of gymnosperms (naked-seed-bearing plants that include ginkgos, conifers, cycads, and gnetophytes) using the EDGE method . (kew.org)
Cycads3
Monocots1
Pines3
  • and pines (gymnosperms) which propagate by wind-blown pollen. (ldolphin.org)
  • The Duke of Edinburgh planted one of two wollemi pines near the Orangery at Kew for our 250th anniversary in 2009. (kew.org)
  • After the trials finished in 2008, the pines were planted in the Arboretum at Kew. (kew.org)
Woody6
  • Any woody plant that reproduces by means of a seed (or ovule) in direct contact with the environment, as opposed to an angiosperm, or flowering plant, whose seeds are protected by mature ovaries, or fruits. (infinitylearn.com)
  • Cone-bearing woody seed plants. (tripod.com)
  • Conifer, any member of the division Pinophyta, class Pinopsida, order Pinales, made up of living and fossil gymnospermous plants that usually have needle-shaped evergreen leaves and seeds attached to the scales of a woody bracted cone. (britannica.com)
  • Wood forms the supportive organ of many woody plants that gives them a firm structure. (bartleby.com)
  • According to estimates, wood is produced by approximately 25,000 to 30,000 species of plants, including woody plants and herbaceous plants. (bartleby.com)
  • Out of which, forest trees and woody plants form the major source. (bartleby.com)
Evolutionary2
  • This gave seed plants like the newly evolved gymnosperms an evolutionary edge over other non-seed bearing plants, which allowed them to rapidly spread and diversify. (sciencing.com)
  • A general introduction that includes history of science, evolutionary processes, and species concepts from a plant perspective. (lu.se)
Bryophytes2
  • Volume 5 of this flora deals with Bryophytes (248 species under 34 families), Pteridophytes (195 species under 41 families) and Gymnosperms. (bagchee.com)
  • The familiar leafy plant of Bryophytes is the sexual, gamete-producing (gametophyte) generation of their life cycle. (tripod.com)
Ovary2
Conifer1
  • The life cycle of a common gymnosperm, a conifer, is an example of a general gymnosperm life cycle. (sciencing.com)
Photosynthesis1
  • Chloroplasts (photosynthesis) in green plants and algae originated as free living bacteria related to the cyanobacteria [the chloroplastic DNA is more similar to free-living Cyanobacteria DNA than to sequences from the plants the chloroplasts reside in]. (tripod.com)
Ginkgo2
  • Gymnosperm seeds develop either on the surface of scales or leaves, which are often modified to form cones, or on their own as in yew, Torreya, Ginkgo. (wikipedia.org)
  • and gymnosperms (Ginkgo biloba L.), oxidase activity was associated with cell walls of developing xylem and was enriched in extracts of cell wall-associated glycoproteins. (who.int)
Fungi4
  • plants,animals, and fungi. (answers.com)
  • Although the first plants had no roots, fossils show that fungi lived on or within the underground parts of many early plants. (slideserve.com)
  • Symbiotic relationships between fungi and the roots of plants are called mycorrhizae. (slideserve.com)
  • Recommended supplemental courses are the intermediate level course in Floristics (BIOF03) as well as the advanced courses focusing on Mosses, Lichen and Fungi (BIOR11), Bryophyte Morphology and Identification (BIOR97) and Plant Evolution and Adaptation (BIOR77). (lu.se)
300,000 species1
  • angiosperm , also called flowering plant, any of about 300,000 species of flowering plants, the largest and most diverse group within the kingdom Plantae. (answerlib.org)
Guide to the Vascular Plants2
  • 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana. (nybg.org)
  • This book is a guide to the vascular plants of the Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks and the surrounding forest and wilderness areas, the spectacular region known as the Greater Yellowstone Area. (nhbs.com)
Systematics and Diversity1
  • You find information about application, prerequisites and the syllabus for the course Plant Systematics and Diversity at Lund University's central web pages. (lu.se)
Mosses1
Cone-bearin1
Diversity4
  • the purpose of this chapter is to recognize the importance and diversity of the plant kingdom. (slideserve.com)
  • In over twice the time, gymnosperms have produced less than 1% of the diversity found in flowering plants. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • However, due to many ecological and geopolitical reasons, many remote areas with high plant species diversity have not been assessed using newly based analytical approaches for vegetation characterization. (bvsalud.org)
  • The aim of the course is to provide a broad knowledge about plant diversity and the methods and principles used in plant systematics. (lu.se)
Seedless2
  • 1) In seedless vascular plants (ferns, horsetails and clubmosses) the sporophyte\ (diploid) dominates and is separate from the gametophyte. (answers.com)
  • How are nonvascular and vascular seedless plants alike, and how are they different? (slideserve.com)
Ferns and fern allies1
  • This seventh volume of the Flora of Florida collection continues the definitive and comprehensive identification manual to the Sunshine State's 4,400 kinds of native and non-native ferns and fern allies, nonflowering seed plants, and flowering seed plants. (upf.com)
Pollination2
  • It has been suggested that during the mid-Mesozoic era, pollination of some extinct groups of gymnosperms was by extinct species of scorpionflies that had specialized proboscis for feeding on pollination drops. (wikipedia.org)
  • I continue my work in French Guiana with studies of plant/animal interactions, in particular bat pollination and dispersal. (nybg.org)
Angiosperm3
  • The term "gymnosperm" is often used in paleobotany to refer to (the paraphyletic group of) all non-angiosperm seed plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Is flowering plant angiosperm or gymnosperm? (answerlib.org)
  • Water lilies are one of the most ancient angiosperm plants. (tripod.com)
Alternation2
Sporophyte5
  • Tracheophyte leafy plants are the asexual, spore-producing, diploid (sporophyte) generation of their life cycle. (tripod.com)
  • The sporophyte embryo is contained in a seed which is dispersed from the plant. (tripod.com)
  • in other words, the plant is most often in the sporophyte phase. (sciencing.com)
  • Adult sporophyte plants that bear both the diploid male cones and the diploid female/ovulate cones on the same plant are referred to as monoecious plants. (sciencing.com)
  • To put it a bit more simply, cones and cells in the gametophyte phase grow and are displayed on a mature and fully formed sporophyte-phase plant . (sciencing.com)
Xylem2
  • 2. Tracheophyta (vascular plants, higher plants): This group consists of plants that have a vascular system, i.e., xylem and phloem (water/mineral and food-conducting tissues, respectively). (tripod.com)
  • Wood forms the part of the secondary xylem of the vascular tissues of the plants and trees. (bartleby.com)
Chapter7
Cones6
Coniferophyta1
Species of flower2
Gametophyte1
  • In this group, the gametophyte (haploid) generation does not occur as an independent plant (as in ferns). (tripod.com)
Biology3
  • Gymnosperms may, by constrast, be locked into a biology better suited to the much warmer climates 200 million years ago. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • The course provides a solid foundation for occupations related to plant systematics, plant biology, teaching, nature conservation and horticulture. (lu.se)
  • On completion of the course the students shall, apart from obtaining an increased knowledge of the biodiversity of plants, be able to apply their knowledge in research, conservation biology, as well as in other societal occupations. (lu.se)
Pinophyta1
  • The four surviving gymnosperm divisions are Pinophyta (order Pinales, the most widespread), Cycadophyta (order Cycadales), Ginkgophyta (order Ginkgoales), and Gnetophyta (order Gnetales). (infinitylearn.com)
Flowering Plants9
  • A Collection of Conserved Non-Coding Sequences to Study Gene Regulation in Flowering Plants' (Van de Velde et al. (ugent.be)
  • My research on flowering plants focuses on the taxonomy and ecology of trees of the lowland New World tropics. (nybg.org)
  • What adaptations of flowering plants enable them to survive in diverse environments? (slideserve.com)
  • Flowering plants, by that reasoning, were among the greatest champions of all. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • The closest living relatives of flowering plants (pine trees, firs, gingkos, and the like collectively known as gymnosperms) make up a grand total of just over 800. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • These numbers are all the more remarkable when you consider that flowering plants emerged around 140 million years ago, and gymnosperms had already been on Earth since at least 360 million years ago. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • This is only a step towards the full tree of flowering plants, but it s a huge one just ten years ago scientists thought such a goal was impossible to meet. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • It s possible for example that in some cases flowering plants thrived particularly well as the planet has gradually cooled. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • But when scientists finally create a species-level tree of flowering plants (an achievement that may take decades), they may finally pinpoint some of the solutions. (nationalgeographic.com)
Osmosis and diffusion1
  • The first plants were small allowing materials to be transported by osmosis and diffusion. (slideserve.com)
Photosynthetic2
  • Plants have evolved three photosynthetic pathways, each in response to distinct environmental conditions, resulting in differences in their ecological patterns of growth and distribution. (eol.org)
  • https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q283604 a photosynthetic process in some plants. (eol.org)
Seeds are not1
  • Gymnosperm seeds are not completely covered by the parent plant when they are formed. (answers.com)
Coniferous1
  • Here, we classified and characterized different vegetation types (i.e., major plant communities) based on indicator species and on the influence of different environmental gradients in the Himalayan mixed coniferous forest, Pakistan. (bvsalud.org)
Lack a vascular system2
  • 1. Bryophyta (non-vascular plants, lower plants): They lack a vascular system for the internal conduction of water, minerals and food (lower plants), and depend on direct contact with surface water. (tripod.com)
  • Three groups of plants alive today lack a vascular system. (slideserve.com)
Dioecious1
Morphology1
  • The laboratory will emphasize plant identification, various aspects of plant ecology and physiology, plant morphology, and plant use by humans. (middlebury.edu)
Cuticle1
  • A watertight covering called the cuticle, which reduces water loss, made it possible for plants to live in drier habitats. (slideserve.com)
Families2
  • World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. (uconn.edu)
  • Various plant families are treated with focus on phylogeny, diagnostic traits, biogeography and cultural plants. (lu.se)
Characteristics5
  • Early characteristics of seed plants are evident in fossil progymnosperms of the late Devonian period around 383 million years ago. (wikipedia.org)
  • USDA PLANTS database Characteristics Data Fields. (eol.org)
  • You will learn the common characteristics of all plants, as well as the unique characteristics of different groups of plants. (slideserve.com)
  • Some of these characteristics make plants extremely important to humans. (slideserve.com)
  • What characteristics are common to all plants? (slideserve.com)
Eukaryotic1
  • The kingdom Plantae is in the domain of Eukarya , which means that all plants are eukaryotes with eukaryotic cells. (sciencing.com)
Multicellular1
  • Plants probably evolved from multicellular aquatic green algae that could not survive on land. (slideserve.com)
Dominant2
  • They appeared in the Carboniferous period (359-299 million years ago) and were the dominant plant life during the Mesozoic era (251-65.5 million years ago). (answerlib.org)
  • Plants are the dominant group of organisms on land, based on weight. (slideserve.com)
Gnetophyta1
  • Ephedraceae is a family of gymnosperms belonging to Gnetophyta , it contains only a single extant genus, Ephedra , as well as a number of extinct genera from the Early Cretaceous . (wikipedia.org)
Adaptations3
  • In the many plant species alive on Earth today, you can find evidence of the adaptations that allowed plants to first colonize land, then diversify and flourish. (slideserve.com)
  • Nonvascular plants Some key adaptations that have enabled them to survive on land are: 1. (slideserve.com)
  • What adaptations have enabled plant species to survive Earth's changing environments? (slideserve.com)
Vascular tissue1
Classification2
  • A formal classification of the living gymnosperms is the "Acrogymnospermae", which form a monophyletic group within the spermatophytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first split in plant classification is whether plants have vascular systems (a.k.a. vascular plants) and those that do not have vascular systems . (sciencing.com)
Reproductive3
  • Related plants often produce seeds that are dispersed in very different ways, raising questions of how and why plants undergo adaptive shifts in key aspects of their reproductive ecology. (springer.com)
  • Friedman WE, Carmichael JS (1996) Double fertilization in Gnetales: implications for understanding reproductive diversification among seed plants. (springer.com)
  • Gymnosperms are vascular land plants that use seeds as their reproductive structures with those seeds appearing as "bare" or "naked seeds. (sciencing.com)