Plant gallic acid. Medical search. Frequent questions

Hydrolyzable tannins break down on hydrolysis to give gallic acid and glucose or ellagic acid and glucose, known as gallotannins and ellagitannins, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
Oxidative coupling of gallic acid with arsenic acid, permanganate, persulfate, or iodine yields ellagic acid, as does reaction of methyl gallate with iron(III) chloride. (wikipedia.org)
Plants such as Embellica Officinalis (Amla) and those which are rich in gallic acid, digallic acid, ellagic acid, and tannins respectively serve as good anticataract options. (ukessays.com)
Ellagic acid, a phenolic molecule identified in P. urinaria , was reported to exhibit antihepatitis B virus activity through down-regulating hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene expression and decreasing the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg in HepG 2 2.2.15 cell line [ 6 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Among these compounds, a few compounds such as gallic acid, rutin, ellagic acid, and quercetin [ 13 - 16 ] have sufficiently been studied. (ijpsonline.com)
Based on the chemical profile analysis, 32 compounds were successfully or tentatively identified, including gallic and ellagic acid derivatives, flavonol glycosides, triterpenes and pheophorbides. (biomedcentral.com)

Allspice also has a variety of beneficial plant compounds, like ericifolin, eugenol, gallic acid and quercetin. (naturalnews.com)
FRO was found to contain phenolics such as gallic acid, fisetin, quercetin, and kaempferol and was determined to alleviate acne by inhibiting the growth of Cutibacterium acnes, inflammation, and excess sebum. (news-medical.net)

The therapeutic effect of sea buckthorn is mainly due to the bioaccumulation of a large number of bioactive compounds including carotenoids, flavonoids, lipids, tannins and amino acids. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)

Polyphenols are chemical compounds found in a category called phytochemicals, which occur naturally in plants. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Clove also contains tetraethylammonium chloride, gallic acid, phenolic acids, polyphenols, and flavonol glycosides with free radical scavenging/antioxidant activity [89]. (researchgate.net)
By adjusting experimental parameters, inulin was conjugated with polyphenols to form short-chain inulin-gallic acid complexes, short-chain inulin-tea polyphenol complexes, long-chain inulin-gallic acid complexes, and long-chain inulin-tea polyphenol complexes. (ncl.edu.tw)
For this study, the researchers used iron, which is safe for human consumption, and three polyphenols that are all classified as GRAS (generally regarded as safe) by the Food and Drug Administration: gallic acid, tannic acid, and epigallocatechin, all of which are found in tea and other plant products. (mit.edu)
Polyphenols found in the enzyme preparation were found to interfere with the reduction of the dinitrosalicylic acid reagent. (who.int)

Gallic acid forms intermolecular esters (depsides) such as digallic and cyclic ether-esters (depsidones). (wikipedia.org)
Gallic acid forms intermolecular esters, such as digallic acid, trigallic acid, or cyclic ether-esters (Mämmelä et al. (springeropen.com)

Test-tube and animal studies have also shown that the four previously mentioned plant compounds may prevent the spread of tumors, decrease tumor growth and promote apoptosis, or the death of cancerous cells. (naturalnews.com)
This study aims to observe panelist acceptance, proximate characteristics of amino acid, volatile compounds, and color profiles on five mixed formulas of fermented cempedak ( Artocarpus champeden ) and oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) seasoning. (hindawi.com)
In conclusion, mandai cempedak powder to be mixed with other abundant raw materials such as oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) can be used as a typical Indonesian flavor ingredient with unique characteristics in terms of its amino acid content, volatile compounds, and essential oils. (hindawi.com)
This study showed the leaves and seeds extracts of these two medicinal plants are found rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. (nepjol.info)
These medicinal plants could be used to isolate the natural antioxidant and antidiabetic compounds that may be potential drug candidates in the future drug discovery process. (nepjol.info)
Haritaki fruit is naturally rich in tannins and other important bioactive compounds, including chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid, and corilagin. (banyanbotanicals.com)
It has been evidenced from current studies that plants (either fruits, vegetables or the derived plant products) are immensely enriched with bioactive compounds. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Comparable to its berries, the leaves of the plant also show great diversity of bioactive compounds, thus can be regarded as largely chemo-diverse parts of the plants. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
According to some studies this plant is rich in phenolic acids, plant compounds with antioxidant activity. (mr-loto.it)
Omega-3 rich oil and an interesting amino acids profile were detected in the seeds as well as the presence of a high content of polyphenolic compounds, including two structurally new compounds (phenylpropane derivatives) which were isolated and structurally characterized. (ac.be)
The two compounds described here for the first time, were named amolsamic acids A&B. The seeds and amolsamic acids showed an interesting antioxidant potential, and a strong anti-inflammatory activity on neutrophils, MPO and HRP models. (ac.be)
In severe DS, these mechanisms are insufficient and acquire exogenous application of some materials, including natural and organic compounds, that elevate plant resilience [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Caffeine and 5- O -caffeoylquinic acid were the most abundant compounds in all extracts, followed by 3- O -caffeoylquinic acid and 3,5- O -dicaffeoylquinic acid. (hindawi.com)
An important strategy for tackling bacterial resistance involves the utilization of drug combinations, and natural products derived from plants hold significant potential as a rich source of bioactive compounds that can act as effective adjuvants. (biomedcentral.com)
Three key compounds commonly found in the samples, namely gallic acid, quercitrin, and corosolic acid, did not exhibit significant antibacterial activity when assessed individually or in combination with antibiotics against clinical bacterial strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Phytochemicals, or plant natural products, are compounds produced by plants that perform several functions, including protection and adaptation of the species to the environment. (biomedcentral.com)
This study was carried out to analyze the accumulation patterns of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols, chlorogenic acid, and triterpene compounds in fruit samples of Vaccinium oxycoccos L. berries growing in the Cepkeliai State Strict Nature Reserve in Lithuania. (bvsalud.org)
Anthocyanins, flavonols, chlorogenic acid and triterpene compounds were identified and quantified using UPLC-DAD methods, and proanthocyanins were determined using spectrophotometric methods. (bvsalud.org)
The use of principal component analysis showed that cranberry plant material harvested in October and November had higher levels of bioactive compounds. (bvsalud.org)

The Soothing & Barrier Support Serum contains three gallic acid derivatives: propyl gallate, gallyl glucoside, and epigallocatechin gallyl glucoside (EGCG). (theordinary.com)

It is classified as a phenolic acid. (wikipedia.org)
Regarding phenolic acid, the ferulic acid was the most dominant, and seemed to be related mainly to the inhibition of germination. (scirp.org)
is a phenolic acid that works as a potent anti-oxidant, reduces DNA damage, inhibits melanogenesis and improves inflammatory skin disorders. (freeyourskin.co)
another phenolic acid, ellagic acids helps in the treatment of chronic UV exposure, reduces the potential of photoaging, inhibits melanogenesis and reduces membrane liquid peroxidation and DNA damage. (freeyourskin.co)

Condensed and hydrolyzable tannins are secondary metabolites present in almost every plant part. (iubmb.org)
Tannase enzyme acts on hydrolyzable tannins to produce gallic acid and tannase-mediated end-products with immense therapeutic potential. (iubmb.org)

one of the tannic acids, extracted from CATECHU as a white, crystalline substance. (absp.org.uk)

antiscorbutic, as in ascorbic acid, vitamin C. (absp.org.uk)
as in cevitamic acid, another name for ascorbic acid. (absp.org.uk)
In DPPH free radical scavenging test, IC 50 value for ethanolic crude extract was found moderate (18.57 ± 0.079 μg/ml) while compared to the IC 50 values of the reference standards ascorbic acid and BHA (1.93 ± 0.027 and 4.10 ± 0.035 μg/ml), respectively. (academicjournals.org)
In reducing power assay, the maximum absorbance for ethanolic crude extract was found to be 2.013 ± 0.024 at 100 μg/ml, compared to 2.811 ± 0.013 and 2.031 ± 0.019 for standard ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), respectively. (academicjournals.org)
In the study, radical polymerization of the radical initiator was induced by ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide. (ncl.edu.tw)

Isoeugenol (2-methoxy-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)phenol), a component of from clove (Eugenia caryophylata) oil, is a starting material for both the biotechnological and synthetic production of vanillin and vanillic acid. (researchgate.net)
Among these are vanillic acid and gallic acid, both of which can protect the body from heart disease and cancer. (mr-loto.it)

Benzoic acid Catechol Hydrolyzable tannin Pyrogallol Syringol Syringaldehyde Syringic acid Shikimic acid Haslam, E. (wikipedia.org)

The α-amylase enzyme inhibition activity was performed to evaluate the antidiabetic property of plant extracts. (nepjol.info)
The antioxidant potential of plant extracts was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. (nepjol.info)
Extracts and phases obtained from the medicinal plant M. albicans demonstrated synergistic effects when combined with the commercial antibiotics ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, against multi-drug resistant bacteria S. aureus and A. baumannii , restoring their antibacterial efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)

as in acetic acid, a diluted form of which is vinegar. (absp.org.uk)
denoting a type of acid, aka acetic acid. (absp.org.uk)
Analgesic activity of the extract was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing model of pain in mice. (academicjournals.org)

3 ± 75 µg EE/g), flavonols (479.6 ± 9 µg/g to 7291.2 ± 226 µg/g), chlorogenic acid (68.0 ± 1 µg/g to 3858.2 ± 119 µg/g), and triterpenoids (3780.8 ± 98 µg/g to 7226.9 ± 224 µg/g). (bvsalud.org)

Average values for ORAC, phenolics, and anthocyanins in fruit were 15.9 ORAC units (1 unit is 1 micromule Trolox Equivalent), 1.79 mg/g (gallic acid equivalents), and 0.95 mg/g (cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents), respectively. (usda.gov)
In leaf tissue, values for both ORAC and phenolics were significantly higher than fruit tissue, with mean values of 490.4 ORAC units and 44.80 mg/g (gallic acid equivalents), respectively. (usda.gov)

In this study, the effects of intracellular delivery of various concentrations of gallic acid (GA) as a semistable antioxidant, gallic acid-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs-GA), and cellular uptake of nanoparticles into Caco-2 cells were investigated. (springer.com)
Hu H, Nie L, Feng S, Suo J (2013a) Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of gallic acid loaded silica nanoparticles for controlled release. (springer.com)

Niacinamide, a form of vitamin B3, has similar anti-inflammatory and healing effects on the intestinal lining as butyrate, 4,5 a short-chain fatty acid produced by the interaction of beneficial bacteria and insoluble fiber. (ndnr.com)
This effective and anti-inflammatory skincare ingredient is derived from the resin or sap of the Indian frankincense plant, explains Dr. Murphy-Rose. (sundayriley.com)

In the first part, the optimal production conditions for short-chain inulin conjugated with gallic acids (GA) and tea polyphenol (TP) were determined. (ncl.edu.tw)
Another major phytoconstituent naturally found in triphala is gallic acid, a plant polyphenol compound recognized as an antioxidant and known to support a healthy inflammatory response. (banyanbotanicals.com)

The total phenolic amount was also calculated as moderate in ethanolic crude extract (237.71 ± 0.57 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent). (academicjournals.org)
The highest antioxidant activity (28.699 mmol Fe II /100 g dry plant), total phenolic contents (2997 mg gallic acid/100 g dry plant) and reducing power (8.331 g Vitamin E/100 g dry plant) were detected in Mishen and the lowest in Conservalina. (scialert.net)

The extract of E. robusta leaves showed the highest phenolic content (200.89±6.67 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of dry extract) and A. adenophora Spreng. (nepjol.info)

This is possible due to an astounding similitude between gymnemic acid and the glucose molecule structures. (timesofisrael.com)
Gallic acid is an active molecule found in various plant species. (theordinary.com)

as in cresylic acid, an acid found in CRESOL, a compound found in tar and creosote. (absp.org.uk)
as in iopanoic acid, a compound containing iodine, opaque to X-rays and used in X-ray examination of the gall bladder. (absp.org.uk)
Digalloyl-resveratrol (di-GA) is a synthetic compound aimed to combine the biological effects of the plant polyhydroxy phenols gallic acid and resveratrol, which are both radical scavengers and cyclooxygenase inhibitors exhibiting anticancer activity. (nature.com)
In this study, we synthesized gallic acid glucoside from dextransucrase, purified the compound by preparative HPLC, and confirmed the synthesis by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The optimum production conditions for gallic acid glucoside were determined by using response surface methodology. (springeropen.com)
The ingredient contains a compound called Gymnemic acid that has many anti-obesity as well as anti-diabetic properties. (timesofisrael.com)

The extraction of plant secondary metabolites was done by the cold percolation method. (nepjol.info)
The methanol extract of Ageratina adenophora Spreng leaves is found rich in plant secondary metabolites of a yield percentage 36.83% whereas Eucalyptus robusta Sm. (nepjol.info)
Plant secondary metabolites have been utilized for centuries for nutritional and medicinal purposes. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)

The use of organic nanoparticles to improve drought resistance and water demand characteristics in plants seems to be a promising eco-friendly strategy for water resource management in arid and semi-arid areas. (biomedcentral.com)
The main discussion in this chapter was the use of cassava plant (Manihot esculenta Crantz) extract nanoparticles (CPENPs) as an additive in coatings to serve as a green corrosion inhibitor for oil and gas pipeline. (intechopen.com)

After purification by butanol partitioning and preparative HPLC, gallic acid glucoside was detected at m/z 355 (C 13 , H 16 , O 10 , Na) + by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (springeropen.com)
The yield of gallic acid glucoside was found to be 35.7% (114 mM) by response surface methodology using a reaction mixture of 319 mM gallic acid, 355 mM sucrose, and 930 mU/mL dextransucrase. (springeropen.com)
The gallic acid glucoside obtained showed 31% higher anti-lipid peroxidation and stronger inhibition ( Ki = 1.23 mM) against tyrosinase than that shown by gallic acid ( Ki = 1.98 mM). (springeropen.com)
In UVB-irradiated human fibroblast cells, gallic acid glucoside lowered matrix metalloproteinase-1 levels and increased the collagen content, which was indicative of a stronger anti-aging effect than that of gallic acid or arbutin. (springeropen.com)
These results indicated that gallic acid glucoside is likely a superior cosmetic ingredient with skin-whitening and anti-aging functions. (springeropen.com)
The functional properties of the gallic acid glucoside were studied to determine its potential as a cosmetic ingredient, including its antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities. (springeropen.com)

Gallic acid is also found in various oak species, Caesalpinia mimosoides, and in the stem bark of Boswellia dalzielii, among others. (wikipedia.org)
Using these criteria, two morphotypes (LBVM01 and LBVM02) out of the seven AMF species selected were persistently dominant when cassava was used as a trap plant. (frontiersin.org)
This is the first report on native AMF species exhibiting multiple benefits for cassava crop productivity, namely improved plant growth and yield, water stress tolerance and nematode resistance. (frontiersin.org)
In a study appearing today in the Journal of the American Chemical Society , the researchers showed they could use the coating on a strain of E. coli as well as another species that may aid in digestion of plant starches. (mit.edu)
It has been found in more than 70 different plant species and its dietary sources include grapes (skin and seeds), red wine, peanuts, and soy," says Jodi LoGerfo, D.N.P., Doctor of Nursing Practice and Family Nurse Practitioner in Dermatology, and who works with A-listers such as Amy Schumer. (sundayriley.com)
Several plant species are used by various indigenous systems such as Siddha, Ayurveda, Unani and Allopathy for the treatment of different ailments (1-7). (pharmatutor.org)
The herbaceous plant of Amaranth belongs to the large family of Amaranthaceae which includes more than 500 species and is native to Central America. (mr-loto.it)
Hippeastrum is a genus of about 90 species and over 600 hybrids and cultivars of perennial herbaceous bulbous plants. (arillas.com)
In the present analysis, we researched the 535 botanical drugs included in the Chinese pharmacopeia and identified 183 medicinal plant species, 82 for treating open wounds caused by trauma and 101 for inflammatory skin conditions. (thieme-connect.de)
The evaluation and confirmation of healing properties of several plant species of genus Terminalia based on their traditional uses and the clinical claims are of utmost importance. (ua.pt)

Gallate 1-beta-glucosyltransferase catalyzes the glycosylation (attachment of glucose) of gallic acid. (wikipedia.org)
The most important ability of Gymnemic acid is its capacity to reduce cravings for sugary foods as well as eliminate the absorption of glucose in the intestines. (timesofisrael.com)
As we ingest Gymnema Sylvestre along with the supplement GlucoRedi, the Gymnemic acid is able to fill in the taste-bud receptors taking advantage of its similarity in molecular structure with that of glucose. (timesofisrael.com)

Recently, (4R,6S)-2-dihydromenisdaurilide (DHMD) as an efficient inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry as well as (−)-menisdaurilide was isolated from the plant, and its mechanism on antiHCV infection was investigated in vitro [ 7 ]. (ijpsonline.com)

In a preliminary study it has been shown that phenolic antioxidants such as methyl 4- O -galloylchlorogenate and 4- O -galloylchlorogenic acid derived from Sapota fruits can induce cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells 23 . (nature.com)
as in citric acid, an acid derived from citrus fruits. (absp.org.uk)
Some major food antioxidants are mainly found in fruits, vegetables, vitamins such as E and C, and other plant-based foods. (nuvmedia.com)

as in hippuric acid, an acid obtained from the urine of horses. (absp.org.uk)
Cranberry consumption led to changes in plasma metabolites, mainly hydroxycinnamates and hippuric acid. (bvsalud.org)

as in hyaluronic acid, a viscous polysaccharide with important lubricating properties, present, for example, in the synovial fluid in joints. (absp.org.uk)
Hyaluronic Acid: this nutritive super-ingredient replenishes skin and fights signs of ageing to deliver a brighter, intensively hydrated and naturally-plump texture. (vitaliberata.com)

is a hydroxycinnamic acid that hydrates and protects against free radical and environmental damage caused from exposure to UV rays and pollution. (freeyourskin.co)
Metabotypes were characterized by quali-quantitative differences in the excretion of some metabolites such as phenyl-Î³-valerolactones, hydroxycinnamic acids, and phenylpropanoic acids. (bvsalud.org)

Just a teaspoonful of allspice - which is either sold ground or whole - contains a host of very beneficial nutrients, with six of the most common being manganese, fiber, calcium, iron, vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) and copper. (naturalnews.com)
It is also a good source of dietary fiber, minerals (potassium, copper and iron) and vitamins (A, C, folate, niacin and pantothenic acid). (nature.com)

This elicitor decreased electrolyte conductivity (35%), but improved relative water content (12.65%), total chlorophyll (63%), carotenoids (68%), phenol (23.1%), flavonoid (36.4%), soluble sugar (58%), proline (49%), protein (45.2%) in S. abrotanoides plants compared to the control (CNPs = 0). (biomedcentral.com)

as in dodecanoic acid, a crystalline fatty acid occurring as glycerides in natural fats and oils (especially coconut oil and palm-kernel oil). (absp.org.uk)

Although CNPs have been proven to have beneficial impacts on plant quality and productivity, there are limited reports about their ability to promote plant immune systems under abiotic stress such as drought [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Gallic acid is highly beneficial and has many industrial applications. (springeropen.com)

Gallic acid is found in a number of land plants, such as the parasitic plant Cynomorium coccineum, the aquatic plant Myriophyllum spicatum, and the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa. (wikipedia.org)
as in benzoic acid, an acid found in benzoin and other gums. (absp.org.uk)
as in butanoic or butyric acid, an acid found in butter. (absp.org.uk)
applied to a type of fatty acid, found in butter and having a goatlike smell. (absp.org.uk)
as in caseic acid, an acid found in cheese. (absp.org.uk)
as in cerotic acid, an acid found in beeswax and certain fats. (absp.org.uk)
relating to bile, as in cholic acid, an acid found in bile. (absp.org.uk)
as in cytidylic acid, a nucleotide that is found in DNA. (absp.org.uk)
as in domoic acid, a poisonous amino acid found in marine algae. (absp.org.uk)
as in formic acid, an acid found in ants. (absp.org.uk)

The IC 50 value of the extract as % Fe ++ ion chelating ability was determined as 18.68 ± 0.029, where ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) showed 8.87 ± 0.035. (academicjournals.org)

as in gallic acid, a crystalline substance present in gallnuts, tea, and various plants. (absp.org.uk)
Gallic acid is also present at high concentrations in gallnuts (name), which are proliferations of plant leaves that become elicited by gall wasp exudates to build up a hatchery for their larvae. (nature.com)

In addition, gallic acid has been in demand as a functional cosmetic ingredient. (springeropen.com)

as in hexanoic acid, an insoluble oily carboxylic acid. (absp.org.uk)

Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) is an edible herb used in Europe and Asia as herbal tea, food, dietary supplement or medicinal plant since several centuries. (ac.be)
This study, therefore, aimed to assess the antibacterial potential and the chemical composition of Miconia albicans, a Brazilian medicinal plant used to treat various diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

as in arachidonic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid occurring in animal cells. (absp.org.uk)
as in erucic acid, a crystalline fatty acid. (absp.org.uk)

The good content of lysine, an essential amino acid not always present in vegetables and cereals, helps the body absorb calcium and produce energy. (mr-loto.it)
is an alpha amino acid that helps protect the skin from damaging environmental factors such as UV damage that can cause dryness and sensitivity to delicate skin cells. (freeyourskin.co)

The plant has gained the global attention due to its high content of vitamins, minerals, natural antioxidants, n-3 and n-6 fatty acids, and proteins. (scholarsresearchlibrary.com)
Recent studies claim that the proteins present in this cereal are the most nutritious among those of plant origin. (mr-loto.it)

clarification needed] Carob fruit is a rich source of gallic acid (24-165 mg per 100 g). (wikipedia.org)
Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a Central and South American native plant with tuberous roots rich in starch. (frontiersin.org)
The world is endowed with a rich heritage of medicinal plants. (pharmatutor.org)
Organic Raspberry: rich in Vitamin E and skin-loving acids to improve the skin's overall condition and lock in moisture for a firmer, even appearance. (vitaliberata.com)

pertaining to iodine, as applied to an acid. (absp.org.uk)

Gallic acid was one of the substances used by Angelo Mai (1782-1854), among other early investigators of palimpsests, to clear the top layer of text off and reveal hidden manuscripts underneath. (wikipedia.org)
Preclinical and clinical studies have established plant derived dietary substances as suitable candidates for treating various types of cancers due to their broad chemical diversity. (nature.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms15

Chemicals and Drugs32

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Ellagic acid6

Quercetin2

Flavonoids1

Polyphenols5

Forms intermolecular esters2

Compounds19

Epigallocatechin1

Phenolic acid4

Tannins2

Tannic acids1

Ascorbic acid5

Vanillic acid2

Hydrolyzable1

Extracts3

Acetic acid3

Chlorogenic acid1

Phenolics2

Silica nanoparticles2

Anti-inflammatory2

Polyphenol2

Total phenolic2

Equivalent1

Molecule2

Compound5

Secondary metabolites3

Nanoparticles2

Glucoside6

Species10

Glucose3

Vitro1

Fruits3

Hippuric acid2

Hyaluronic acid2

Hydroxycinnamic2

Pantothenic acid2

Carotenoids1

Fats and1

Beneficial2

Found10

Extract1

Gallnuts2

Ingredient1

Insoluble1

Medicinal plant2

Fatty acid2

Amino acid2

Proteins2

Rich4

Iodine1

Substances2