• Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small plant from the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and Africa. (wikipedia.org)
  • A winter annual with a relatively short lifecycle, A. thaliana is a popular model organism in plant biology and genetics. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arabidopsis thaliana is an annual (rarely biennial) plant, usually growing to 20-25 cm tall. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1753, Carl Linnaeus renamed the plant Arabis thaliana in honor of Thal. (wikipedia.org)
  • A. thaliana is now widely used for studying plant sciences, including genetics, evolution, population genetics, and plant development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although A. thaliana the plant has little direct significance for agriculture, A. thaliana the model organism has revolutionized our understanding of the genetic, cellular, and molecular biology of flowering plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we investigated the chromatin dynamics and arrangement with DNA damage in Arabidopsis thaliana by live-cell imaging with the lacO /LacI-EGFP system and simulation analysis. (nature.com)
  • Arabidopsis thaliana ist ein Nichtwirt für die biotrophen Mehltaupilze Blumeria graminis und Erysiphe pisi. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Arabidopsis thaliana (mustard cress) is a little weed that plant scientists use as a 'model organism' to study fundamental aspects of plant biology, as it is easy to work with in the laboratory. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Infection of an Arabidopsis thaliana plant by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum . (mpg.de)
  • Although its primary role in basic research has been overshadowed by the more "user-friendly" model species Arabidopsis thaliana , barley retains some peculiar features and has great potential for basic research studies. (mdpi.com)
  • The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Pseudomonas simiae WCS417r stimulates lateral root formation and increases shoot growth in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). (uu.nl)
  • In all three samples, they grew a common lab specimen, a small plant called thale cress ( Arabidopsis thaliana ). (space.com)
  • The experiment, called Advanced Plant Experiment-08 (APEX-08), will grow a small flowering plant called Arabidopsis thaliana on board the ISS. (planetary.org)
  • Braam and colleagues studied the uptake of fluorescent quantum dots by Arabidopsis thaliana , an oft-studied plant species that is a relative of mustard, broccoli and kale. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) was established in 1999 with US National Science Foundation funding and the goal of creating a database of genetic and molecular biology data for the model higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana . (biologists.com)
  • Now, in newly published research , he is testing his ideas in a small, flowering plant called Arabidopsis thaliana . (kavlifoundation.org)
  • Near-infrared microscope reads embedded sensor in Arabidopsis thaliana. (science20.com)
  • The researchers then turned to living plants and used a technique called vascular infusion to deliver nanoparticles into Arabidopsis thaliana , a small flowering plant. (science20.com)
  • The researchers also showed that they could turn Arabidopsis thaliana plants into chemical sensors by delivering carbon nanotubes that detect the gas nitric oxide, an environmental pollutant produced by combustion. (science20.com)
  • Nevertheless, they discovered that even under highly controlled conditions, the model mustard plants they were studying, called Arabidopsis thaliana , exhibited an amazing level of bioengineering and performed mathematical operations. (icr.org)
  • Main subject of our research are the model organisms Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum , but also less well-studied plants like tiger nuts ( Cyperus esculentus , also called earth almond) are examined. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • Using this dynamic, semi-quantitative approach, the researchers observed that Turnip mosaic virus - their plant model virus of choice - spreads in their model plant Arabidopsis thaliana , arrives at the stem cells within the shoot tip , and even enters these cells, but is then quickly excluded. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Here we describe a transcriptomic analysis based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in two Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, one used as female and the other as male. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To clarify this mechanism, a team of researchers from various Japanese institutions examined these responses in Arabidopsis thaliana , a model plant used widely in biological studies. (earth.com)
  • Here, we found that the MNB1 (mannose-binding-lectin 1) gene is involved in the regulation of Fe-deficiency stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana . (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, a PNPs gene was partially identified by PCR in garlic ( Allium sativum L.), which was called AsPNP, and showed a similarity of 96% with the AtPNP-A of Arabidopsis thaliana . (techscience.com)
  • We were among the first of a small group of scientists to champion the use of a small mustard species called Arabidopsis thaliana that has become the most widely used experimental plant today. (balzan.org)
  • Here we showed that PIF1 directly and indirectly regulates key genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis to optimize the greening process in Arabidopsis. (utexas.edu)
  • Several of the underlying candidate genes have been implicated in important plant growth-related processes. (uu.nl)
  • Moreover, a genetic analysis of the plants revealed that compared to the plants grown in volcanic ash, those grown in lunar soil expressed many genes related to salt, metal-associated and oxidative stress. (space.com)
  • The Apollo 11 plants expressed changes in 465 genes, while Apollo 12 plants expressed 265 genes at different rates and Apollo 17 plants 113. (space.com)
  • Use AGI identifiers for the Arabidopsis genes in papers! (biologists.com)
  • The wild plant species adapted to the Mongolian grassland environment may allow us to explore useful genes, as a source of unique genetic codes for crop improvement. (frontiersin.org)
  • The study's goal was to compare the genes' roles in plants and animals. (kavlifoundation.org)
  • But now you can introduce many genes into plants-and not just the plants, but the soil microbes associated with plants," Voigt explains. (technologyreview.com)
  • As in the case of the G box sequence, previous [ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit] RBCS gene expression studies with transgenic plants have failed to demonstrate a requirement for these I box sequences, although mutation of what are likely to be functionally related sequences in CAB genes does affect expression (Gidoni et al. (wikiversity.org)
  • A new study led by Tokyo University of Science has recently argued that plants can "sound alarms" under threats of attack too, and revealed the epigenetic mechanisms of volatile-signal-induced activation of defense genes in specimens threatened by herbivorous predators. (earth.com)
  • Previous studies have shown that, when grown close to mint plants, soybean and field mustard plants often display a heightened response to herbivore pests by activating defense genes in their leaves as a result of "eavesdropping" on mint volatiles. (earth.com)
  • Although the induction of the expression of defense genes in odor-responsive plants is key to this resistance, the precise molecular mechanisms for turning the induced state on or off have not been understood," explained study co-author Gen-ichiro Arimura, an associate professor of Biology at Tokyo University of Science. (earth.com)
  • More specifically, the volatile chemicals released by the damaged plants enhanced histone acetylation and the response of defense gene regulators, such as the ethylene response factor genes " ERF8 " and " ERF104 ," together with a specific set of histone acetyltransferase enzymes (HAC1, HAC5, and HAM1). (earth.com)
  • Together, our findings show that the MNB1 gene negatively controls the Fe-deficiency response in Arabidopsis via modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the ROS-mediated signaling pathway, thereby affecting the expression of Fe uptake- and translocation-related genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings help us understanding plant responses to Fe-deficiency stress, however, a number of novel genes involved in modulating iron homeostasis still need to be identified. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because flowering plants evolved from a common ancestor only about 150 million years ago, all of the roughly 250,000 species of flowering plants are closely related and share a common set of genes. (balzan.org)
  • When we began working with Arabidopsis about twenty-five years ago, relatively little was known about eukaryotic genes and proteins. (balzan.org)
  • After 20 days of growth, the scientists harvested the plants right before they flowered and ground them to study their RNA, to understand what kinds of genes were expressed between the organism's cells. (psuvanguard.com)
  • This technique measures a plant's stress levels-the more stressed a plant is, the more stress-induced genes it passes on through its RNA. (psuvanguard.com)
  • Plants grown in the Apollo 12 sample produced around 265 stress genes, while the Apollo 17 sample produced only around 113. (psuvanguard.com)
  • Cabbage plants defend themselves against herbivores and pathogens by deploying a defensive mechanism called the mustard oil bomb: when the plant tissue is damaged, toxic isothiocyanates are formed and can effectively fend off attackers. (mpg.de)
  • Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena have long been studying the glucosinolates and isothiocyanates that constitute the special defense mechanism of cabbage family plants, which include rapeseed, radishes and mustard. (mpg.de)
  • Researchers are now beginning to unravel how plants manage this process, and they were surprised to find that the mustard plant they studied followed principles of mathematical equations. (icr.org)
  • Arabidopsis seeds, small flowering plants related to cabbage and mustard, have been growing in the prototype habitat, and will be the first plant experiment, called PH-01, grown in the chamber aboard the space station. (spacedaily.com)
  • From the Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China. (rcsb.org)
  • Discoveries made in Arabidopsis about plant growth, physiology and responses to the environment can be applied to biofuel- and food crops. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • I think that the new plant growth habitat will provide tremendous capabilities to do high quality plant physiology research with a variety of plant types on the space station," Massa said. (spacedaily.com)
  • Marco Incarbone, previously a postdoctoral researcher in the group of Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid at the Gregor Mendel Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (GMI) and now a group leader at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology in Germany sought to uncover the molecular bases of how stem cells in the shoot apical meristem fight off viruses together with PhD student Gabriele Bradamante and other GMI group members. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Jim Westwood , professor of plant pathology and physiology at Virginia Tech in the US, made this discovery by looking at the interactions between a parasitic plants called a dodder (also known as Cuscuta ) and two types of host plants - a small flowering plant called an Arabidopsis , and a tomato plant . (thetechjournal.com)
  • For this study, the researchers used samples of lunar soil, called regolith, taken during Apollo 11, 12 and 17 , between 1969 and 1972. (space.com)
  • The researchers were able to grow Arabidopsis in all three samples. (space.com)
  • The results suggest that soil that is more exposed to the lunar surface is worse for plants, which may be because of changes caused by exposure to cosmic rays and the solar wind , the researchers wrote. (space.com)
  • If this is true, the researchers argued, soil from younger parts of the moon could be more effective in growing healthy plants. (space.com)
  • The agency says that one experiment on SpaceX's 23rd resupply mission to the International Space Station will help researchers understand how plants respond to the stress of microgravity. (planetary.org)
  • In a new paper, MIT researchers report boosting plants' ability to capture light energy by 30 percent by embedding carbon nanotubes in the chloroplast, the plant organelle where photosynthesis takes place. (science20.com)
  • Together, these represent the first steps in launching a scientific field the researchers have dubbed "plant nanobionics. (science20.com)
  • The researchers delivered nanoceria into the chloroplasts using a new technique they developed called lipid exchange envelope penetration, or LEEP. (science20.com)
  • The researchers are also working on incorporating electronic devices into plants. (science20.com)
  • The group will take what they've learned in their work with Arabidopsis and share it with other ROGUE researchers, speeding up the innovation cycle. (bnl.gov)
  • Once we validate an approach using our model system, we can move that knowledge over to fellow ROGUE researchers to deploy in the slower-growing biomass crop plants. (bnl.gov)
  • A new, nearly self-sufficient plant growth system by NASA is headed to the International Space Station soon and will help researchers better understand how plants grow in space. (spacedaily.com)
  • In the search for the defense's molecular bases, the researchers therefore screened Arabidopsis mutant plants that miss certain components of the RNA interference pathway. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • The researchers also implanted the resistance gene from the fungus into Arabidopsis genomes. (phys.org)
  • For comparison, the scientists also grew the thale cress in a type of soil made from volcanic ash found on Earth, called JSC-1A by NASA, meant to simulate lunar soil, which is powdery and full of abrasive glass fragments. (space.com)
  • To this end, 302 Arabidopsis accessions were tested for root architecture characteristics and shoot fresh weight in response to exposure to WCS417r. (uu.nl)
  • Although virtually all Arabidopsis accessions tested responded positively to WCS417r, there was a large variation between accessions in the increase in shoot fresh weight, the extra number of lateral roots formed, and the effect on primary root length. (uu.nl)
  • Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins that form a pervasive family of proteins conserved in yeast, plants, and humans. (rcsb.org)
  • The plant PPR proteins are grouped mainly into the P and PLS classes. (rcsb.org)
  • At University I learnt about how cells in a complex many-celled (or multicellular) organism such as an animal or a plant use molecules called proteins to talk to one another. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Chloroplasts can still perform these reactions when removed from plants, but after a few hours, they start to break down because light and oxygen damage the photosynthetic proteins. (science20.com)
  • I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • LeMYBI is the first isolated I-box binding protein and is a member of a novel class of myb-like proteins which to date is found exclusively in plants. (wikiversity.org)
  • Recent research has revealed that carbohydrate-binding proteins, also known as agglutinins or lectins, are found in a wide range of plant species and have an important biological function in pathogen defense responses [ 23 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plant intracellular nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins (NB-LRR, NLRs) function as immune receptors to detect microbial pathogens directly or indirectly. (ubc.ca)
  • The HMW agents that were considered most relevant were flour dusts, enzymes (both plant and animal derived), gums, foods and tobacco, rubber-derived proteins, animal- and insect-derived allergens, and fish/ seafood-derived allergens ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • It was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, and is an important tool for understanding the molecular biology of many plant traits, including flower development and light sensing. (wikipedia.org)
  • BMC Biology together with BMC Plant Biology and BMC Microbiology announce the launch of the collection 'Plants and their Pathogens', for which we invite submissions of manuscripts relevant to the research topic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TAIR was created at the Department of Plant Biology of the Carnegie Institute for Science and the National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR) and supported by the NSF from 1999 to 2013. (biologists.com)
  • MIT is not historically known as a leader in the agricultural research space," team member Mary Gehring, a plant biologist at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and an associate professor of biology at MIT, said in a public presentation of the group's project in April. (technologyreview.com)
  • It is far more difficult and time consuming to make multiple gene manipulations in energycane, whereas with Arabidopsis we can rapidly develop and test different genetic and molecular biology modifications to identify the most effective combinations," said Shanklin, BNL Biology Department Chair and ROGUE researcher. (bnl.gov)
  • Marco Incarbone, now at MPIMP Golm, Gabriele Bradamante and their co-authors at the Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI) uncovered that salicylic acid and RNA interference mediate this antiviral immunity of plant stem cells. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • An exciting aspect of the work is that we not only discovered a new herbicide, but also its exact target in the plant, opening the possibility of modifying crops to be resistant to a commercial product based on this herbicide," said study co-principal investigator Steven Jacobsen, a professor of molecular, cell and developmental biology in the UCLA College and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. (phys.org)
  • From robotics on the Schuylkill River to chronic wasting disease in Pennsylvania woodlands to a basement grow chamber near the BioPond, these individuals are searching for new ways to understand wildlife ecology, environmental engineering, sustainable architecture, and plant biology. (upenn.edu)
  • It is, therefore, remarkable how much remains to be learned about the basic biology of plants by comparison with most other types of organisms. (balzan.org)
  • Although the quest for new plants once inspired explorers, during the latter half of the last century basic research on plant biology fell out of favor. (balzan.org)
  • Thus, when we became interested in plant biology in the late 1970s, we were drawn to the idea of developing a model plant. (balzan.org)
  • The GMI is a research institute devoted to plant biology. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid, a senior research scientist and consultant at the Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, highlights the need for a scientifically-based public dialogue on GMO regulations, in response to a revised EU directive on gene technology. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Yasin Dagdas, group leader at the Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), is a newly elected member of the OeAW's Young Academy. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • She's also involved in education and outreach programs related to plants in space and works with other scientists to get their plant experiments to work on the station. (nasa.gov)
  • In experiments, the product killed the plants after they were sprayed with it. (phys.org)
  • Most plant biologists performed experiments on plants that were of interest because of their value as food crops or because of some peculiarity that was useful for a specific kind of experiment. (balzan.org)
  • We independently settled on Arabidopsis because preliminary experiments by George Redei and others indicated that it had the kinds of properties that were desirable in a model plant. (balzan.org)
  • However, in nature only few pathogen species or isolates of a pathogen species colonize a single plant species. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating fungal pathogen that can infect more than 400 different plant species. (mpg.de)
  • First, we have used Arabidopsis to make a series of discoveries in plant development and biochemistry. (balzan.org)
  • Our goal is to make fundamental discoveries that help us understand how plants function - discoveries that may be essential to address global challenges like climate change. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Since then, over twenty years of research have continually improved the sequence and functional annotation of a genome that serves as a reference for an ever-increasing number of newly sequenced plant genomes (2). (biologists.com)
  • By manipulating microtubules, plant scientists may be able to produce plants that make more cellulose, or cellulose that is easier to break down for fuel. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • More than 50 years after astronauts brought the last moon-rock samples to Earth, scientists have successfully grown plants in lunar soil from three Apollo missions for the first time. (space.com)
  • Because the moon lacks a protective atmosphere like Earth 's, its surface is pummeled by meteorites, the fragments of atoms that scientists call cosmic rays and the constant stream of charged particles that flows off the sun. (space.com)
  • Scientists trace nanoparticles from plants to caterpillars: Are nanoparticles getting in our food? (sciencedaily.com)
  • In one of the most comprehensive studies of its kind, scientists tracked uptake and accumulation of quantum dot nanoparticles from water to plant roots, plant leaves and leaf-eating caterpillars. (sciencedaily.com)
  • New articles, gene symbols and full names, gene summaries, Gene Ontology (GO) and Plant Ontology (PO) annotations, germplasms and phenotypes based on those articles are added by data curation scientists to a subset of loci on a weekly basis. (biologists.com)
  • A team of scientists here at Kennedy Space Center have been developing the procedures for the first experiment using a prototype, or engineering development unit, of the plant habitat in the Space Station Processing Facility," Levine said. (spacedaily.com)
  • Scientists at the University of Birmingham have succeeded in creating an experimental model of an elusive kind of fundamental particle called a skyrmion in a beam of light. (sflorg.com)
  • Other than giving us a much deeper insight into the behaviour of plants, this information could help scientists come up with better solutions to fight the parasitic weeds that threaten food crops in developing countries around the world. (thetechjournal.com)
  • Secondly, we collectively trained nearly 150 graduate students, postdocs and visiting scientists who carried their expertise to institutions around the world where they continued their work with Arabidopsis. (balzan.org)
  • We encouraged our students and postdocs to take projects with them when they left our labs, thereby facilitating their subsequent success, and the list of our former students and postdocs includes many of the most successful young plant scientists. (balzan.org)
  • Now, scientists can officially confirm that plants can grow on regolith, the dusty lunar surface. (psuvanguard.com)
  • The study, one of the first to examine how nanoparticles move through human-relevant food chains, found that nanoparticle accumulation in both plants and animals varied significantly depending upon the type of surface coating applied to the particles. (sciencedaily.com)
  • With industrial use of nanoparticles on the rise, there are increasing questions about how they move through the environment and whether they may accumulate in high levels in plants and animals that people eat," said study co-author Janet Braam, professor and chair of the Department of BioSciences at Rice. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Chromatin dynamics and arrangement are involved in many biological processes in nuclei of eukaryotes including plants. (nature.com)
  • A new eLife paper by Fred Berger uncovers the key role histone variants play in establishing chromatin states in Arabidopsis. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
  • However, the pathogen uses at least two different detoxification mechanisms that enable the fungus to successfully spread on plants defended in this way. (mpg.de)
  • The metabolic products thus formed are non-toxic to the fungus, allowing it to grow on these plants. (mpg.de)
  • This fungus, which causes white mold disease, can colonize Arabidopsis in spite of the chemical defenses present using two detoxification pathways to deactivate the plant toxins. (mpg.de)
  • This revealed that the Sax protein of the white mold fungus is active against a range of isothiocyanates, allowing it to colonize different plants of the cabbage family. (mpg.de)
  • To confirm the efficacy of the new herbicide, the UCLA team tested the fungus-produced product on a common plant used in lab studies called Arabidopsis. (phys.org)
  • A receptor protein called HAESA is found on the surface of the cells that surround a future break point on the plant. (elifesciences.org)
  • IDA binding to HAESA allows another receptor protein called SERK1 to bind to HAESA, which results in the release of signals inside the cell that trigger the shedding of organs. (elifesciences.org)
  • Through de novo transcriptome assembly with the RNA-seq reads from whole organ samples of C. virgata at the germination stage (2 days after germination, DAG), early young development stage (8 DAG), young development stage (17 DAG), and adult development stage (28 DAG), we identified 21,589 unified transcripts (contigs) and found that 19,346 and 18,156 protein-coding transcripts were homologous to those in rice and Arabidopsis , respectively. (frontiersin.org)
  • I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • I published the first report of plant ER reticulon protein interactors by Co-IP and FRET-FLIM. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • This lack of transcription could be due to a mutation in the RBCS3A promoter creating the so-called F-box, a protein binding site located between the activating cis elements, the I-box and G-box. (wikiversity.org)
  • 1991), but to date no I-box binding protein has been cloned from plants. (wikiversity.org)
  • Plant mannose binding lectins detect specific protein-carbohydrate combinations on pathogen surfaces and serve a key role in plant defense mechanisms against pathogens [ 24 , 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As a positive regulator of plant immunity, E3 ligase SAUL1 is guarded by NLR protein SOC3. (ubc.ca)
  • Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is a symbiosis between plants and AM fungi that requires the intracellular accommodation of the fungal partner in the host. (frontiersin.org)
  • Main concepts in the lab include manipulation of immunity priming to generate plants with constitutively "ON" immune responses, resulting in broad-spectrum resistance, and research into development-defense tradeoffs with the hope of "hacking" these processes to prevent yield loss. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dr. Anna-Lisa Paul is the director of the Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research at the University of Florida, and she's a research professor in the department of horticultural sciences there, where she studies the responses of plants to novel environments, with a focus on the environments related to space exploration. (nasa.gov)
  • Fe-deficiency induces a complex series of responses in plants, involving physiological and developmental changes, to increase Fe uptake from soil. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It's possible this plant can serve as a complementary model organism for behavioral research in the future. (kavlifoundation.org)
  • When viruses successfully infect plants, the infection often spreads through the entire organism. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • For their joint efforts in establishing Arabidopsis as a model organism for plant molecular genetics. (balzan.org)
  • No higher plant had been chosen for use based only on its utility as a model organism. (balzan.org)
  • We invite submissions on all aspects of plant-pathogen interactions with studies that focus on either the individual host or the pathogen as well as those that map their interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • plant lipid droplets (also referred to as oil bodies or oleosomes), pollen development and pollen tube growth, analytics of small metabolites, and plant-pathogen interactions (as part of the IRTG PRoTECT). (uni-goettingen.de)
  • We investigate immunity priming, development-defense trade-offs, and chemical and organismal biocontrol of plant disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We wanted to find out how successful plant pathogens overcome the plant defense and colonize these plants. (mpg.de)
  • In addition, they studied plants deficient in salicylic acid, a key plant defense hormone. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • RDR1 ramps up production of double-stranded RNA from viral RNA, giving plants more virus-specific sequences to direct the defense mechanism against the invading virus. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Professor Arimura and his colleagues exposed the plants to β-ocimene, a volatile organic compound that is often released by plants in response to predatory attacks, and discovered that defense traits were induced in Arabidopsis leaves through epigenetic mechanisms, or processes of gene regulation occurring due to external environmental influences. (earth.com)
  • Clarifying the epigenetic mechanisms behind plant defense can have important applications in organic cultivation systems, by helping cultivators increase their crops' pest resistance and effectively reduce the current massive dependence on pesticides . (earth.com)
  • Because of an interaction with cell wall extracellular glycans or carbohydrates, several plant lectins are vital for bacterial defense via an indirect biochemical process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In both plants and animals, nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors play crucial roles in the recognition of pathogen-derived molecules and the activation of defense. (ubc.ca)
  • Upon effector recognition, plant NLRs oligomerize for defense activation, the mechanism of which is poorly understood. (ubc.ca)
  • The team, led by BNL's John Shanklin, achieved these results in using leaves of the fast-growing plant Arabidopsis , to mimic stem cells of plants like energycane and Miscanthus . (bnl.gov)
  • A small group of plant stem cells, however, successfully defends itself from infection. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Still, the stem cells keep a mystery: plant viruses frequently evade and suppress RNA interference in other plant tissues. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Salicylic acid and RNA interference mediate antiviral immunity of plant stem cells. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Staff Writer Purpose The Institute for Creation Research (ICR) is testing an engineering- based model of rapid biological adaptation called. (icr.org)
  • Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral element that involves in many biological processes important for most plants growth and development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, plants have developed a number of regulatory mechanisms at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels to maintain Fe homeostasis, owing to the crucial biological activities of Fe. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Only about 1% of investigator-initiated peer-reviewed funding for biological research in the U.S. goes to plant research. (balzan.org)
  • He focused on a mitochondrial gene, Friendly Mitochondria (FMT), that is found in the plant, along with a homologous gene, Clustered mitochondria homolog (CLUH) , found in mice. (kavlifoundation.org)
  • Under conditions of normal and Fe-deficiency, lower H 2 O 2 concentrations were detected in mnb1 mutant plants compared to wild type. (biomedcentral.com)
  • "We developed high-throughput microscopy techniques that allowed us to study many Arabidopsis meristems at several timepoints after the viral infection, to give a temporal dimension to our exploration", Incarbone explains. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • While we know infection triggers an overall increase in salicylic acid, we do not yet know where in the plant and at what time during infection this happens. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Structure-function studies revealed two separate regions called APB and APA necessary for binding to phyB and phyA, respectively, located at the amino-terminus and a novel phosphorylation site at the carboxy-terminus of PIF1. (utexas.edu)
  • Brookhaven Lab studies using the fast-growing plant Arabidopsis (above) are helping to identify strategies for getting plants to produce and accumulate more oil. (bnl.gov)
  • The plant habitat will enable much more controlled and detailed studies of plant growth in spaceflight. (spacedaily.com)
  • We initially began communicating about technical issues such as how to carry out basic genetic studies with Arabidopsis but, upon the discovery that we had common values and goals, soon began working together to encourage development of the field. (balzan.org)
  • The plant disease can affect other members of the cabbage family, and also potatoes, legumes and strawberries. (mpg.de)
  • We therefore asked ourselves whether widespread fungal pathogens have strategies to adapt to the chemical defenses of plants of the cabbage family,' Jingyuan Chen, the first author of the study, explains. (mpg.de)
  • The team also studied how quantum dots behaved when caterpillars called cabbage loopers ( Trichoplusia ni ) fed upon plant leaves containing quantum dots. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Plants have to respond rapidly to various environmental stimuli to achieve growth and development because they cannot move. (nature.com)
  • Plants sense light intensity, quality and direction through a group of photoreceptors to modulate their growth and development. (utexas.edu)
  • These plant growth-stimulating effects are partly caused by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the bacterium. (uu.nl)
  • for the ability to profit from rhizobacteria-mediated plant growth-promotion. (uu.nl)
  • GWA mapping for WCS417r-stimulated changes in root and shoot growth characteristics revealed 10 genetic loci highly associated with the responsiveness of Arabidopsis to the plant growth-promoting activity of WCS417r. (uu.nl)
  • These results demonstrate that plants possess natural genetic variation for the capacity to profit from the plant growth-promoting function of a beneficial rhizobacterium in their rhizosphere. (uu.nl)
  • During their growth, development and reproduction plants use cell separation processes to detach no-longer required, damaged or senescent organs. (elifesciences.org)
  • These plants should be prepared for fast germination and growth activity in response to the limited summer rainfall. (frontiersin.org)
  • Researcher Allison Smith said, 'The capacity to perform arithmetic calculation is vital for plant growth and productivity. (icr.org)
  • The new plant system will join Veggie - NASA's first fresh food growth system already active on station. (spacedaily.com)
  • He described the new plant habitat as a fully enclosed, closed-loop system with an environmentally controlled growth chamber. (spacedaily.com)
  • We are learning how plants grow in space and what levels of commodities, such as light and water, are required so we can maximize our growth with the least resources. (spacedaily.com)
  • We share the 2006 Balzan Prize for stimulating the development of an experimental framework that has greatly facilitated the acquisition of human knowledge about most aspects of plant growth and development. (balzan.org)
  • Conserved signaling molecules, called RHO GTPases, define where growth occurs on the surface of eukaryotic cells. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Of the three particle types, only those with charged coatings moved readily through the plants, and only the negatively charged particles avoided clumping altogether. (sciencedaily.com)
  • On the contrary, higher H 2 O 2 concentrations were found in MNB1 -overexpressing plants, which was negatively correlated with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These two sets of molecules work together in a mathematically and dynamically coordinated fashion to control the rate of starch usage during the night when the plant is growing but not photosynthesizing. (icr.org)
  • And recently, Westwood looked into the possibility that a special type of RNA molecules - mRNA , or messenger RNA - were also being transported between the parasitic and host plants. (thetechjournal.com)
  • Our research ranges from molecules to ecosystems, involving a wide variety of plants - all depending on the question. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Olubukola is #1 in Africa for Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All the moon -soil plants grew slowly and relatively poorly, but those grown in samples that had been more exposed on the lunar surface tended to do the worst, and genetic analysis showed changes indicative of stress. (space.com)
  • Plants grown in simulated lunar soil on the left and in Apollo sample on the right, seen 16 days after planting. (space.com)
  • The plants fared the worst in the Apollo 11 soil, which was the most "mature," meaning the soil had been the most exposed to the lunar surface. (space.com)
  • That said, lunar soil is prospected as a lunar resource , particularly for lunar in situ utilization , such as a lunar building material and soil for growing plants on the Moon . (wikipedia.org)
  • So the team plans to reduce the carbon footprint of fertilizer by genetically engineering plants and soil microbes to, in effect, make their own. (technologyreview.com)
  • The symbiotic relationship between rhizobia, a type of soil bacteria, and some legumes may offer a blueprint for developing these "self-fertilizing" plants. (technologyreview.com)
  • The system's more than 180 sensors will relay real-time information, including temperature, oxygen content and moisture levels (in the air and soil, near the plant roots, and at the stem and leaf level), back to the team at Kennedy. (spacedaily.com)
  • Plants and unseen microorganisms in the soil all need precious space to grow. (phys.org)
  • To Fe acquisition from the soil, most plants have developed two major ways to absorb Fe: (1) the reduction-based strategy (Strategy I) mechanism found in all dicots and non-graminaceous monocots, and (2) the chelation-based strategy (Strategy II) mechanism found only in graminaceous plants [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An arabidopsis plant grown in lunar soil. (psuvanguard.com)
  • The University of Florida succeeded in growing the first plants exclusively in lunar soil samples. (psuvanguard.com)
  • Unsurprisingly, the plants grown in lunar soil showed clear signs of stress in their RNA and physical structure. (psuvanguard.com)
  • Lunar soil found deeper within the moon's surface is therefore more sustaining of plant life than the material found directly above its surface. (psuvanguard.com)
  • Simply growing these plants in lunar soil doesn't mean they can be dropped off on the moon to grow and expand on their own. (psuvanguard.com)
  • Developing structures on different planets or moons that can provide life-sustaining features would mean plants could grow and adapt to the local soil itself. (psuvanguard.com)
  • However, knowing plants can live on other forms of soil-different from the Earth's crust-means projects like inhabiting Mars are still possible. (psuvanguard.com)
  • In this study, we hypothesized that histone acetylation, or the so-called epigenetic regulation, is involved in the phenomenon of resistance development. (earth.com)
  • The ability to take plants successfully with us to the moon is… how we'll grow our own food [and] how we'll stay there for a while without resupply," Robert Ferl, a professor of horticultural sciences at the University of Florida and an author of the study, said in a virtual news conference held on Wednesday (May 11). (space.com)
  • The impact of nanoparticle uptake on plants themselves and on the herbivores that feed upon them is an open question," said study first author Yeonjong Koo, a postdoctoral research associate in Braam's lab. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The study also found that the type of coating impacted the plants' ability to biodegrade, or break down, the quantum dots. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A new study came out showing how plants utilize an efficient form of mathematics to precisely calculate how much starch to consume as food during the night. (icr.org)
  • This study is published in Frontiers in Plant Science . (bnl.gov)
  • The dual purposes of the plants' hidden colors may conflict as the climate warms, authors of a new study suggest. (the-scientist.com)
  • Today, scant attention is devoted to the study of plants in schools and universities in the developed world. (balzan.org)
  • It simply suggests that plants have a mechanism designed to automatically regulate how fast they burn carbohydrates at night. (icr.org)
  • It is designed to support commercial and fundamental plant research or other bioscience research aboard the space station for up to a 135-day science investigation, and for at least one year of continuous operation without maintenance. (spacedaily.com)
  • This has far reaching implications for plant science at both the fundamental level and in potential applications. (balzan.org)
  • Plants are of fundamental importance to human life and well-being, not only as food, but also as sources of much of our building materials, fiber, fabrics, dyes, pharmaceuticals, flowers, and even of the oxygen that we breathe. (balzan.org)
  • Located at the Agricultural Research Organization- Volcani Institute in Israel, the Bar lab is comprised of a diverse group of individuals conducting collaborative basic and applied research of the plant immune system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sam's research interest is centered on molecular genetics and plant pathology, focusing on understanding the interaction between cereal crops and its pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plants are constantly exposed to a large number of potential pathogens. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Koo and colleagues found caterpillars that fed on plants containing quantum dots gained less weight and grew more slowly than caterpillars that fed on untainted leaves. (sciencedaily.com)
  • colleagues were encouraged to adopt Arabidopsis because, as we and others showed, it allowed more rapid progress than was available with other experimental systems. (balzan.org)
  • The leaves form a rosette at the base of the plant, with a few leaves also on the flowering stem. (wikipedia.org)
  • Leaves are covered with small, unicellular hairs called trichomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Visible are also the white, cotton-like fungal spores that overgrow plant leaves and stalks. (mpg.de)
  • Plants can shed their leaves, flowers or other organs when they no longer need them. (elifesciences.org)
  • Well, the easy answer for that is that plants are the only things that'll actually allow us to explore past the limits of the picnic basket. (nasa.gov)
  • If we can understand how land plant developmental mechanisms have evolved, then in the future we hope to be able to use this knowledge to grow plants that are EVEN BETTER at facing the current challenges of life on land. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Thus, we can breed a new generation of crop plants that are well-equipped to grow in adverse conditions and provide the biomass and yield needed to sustain the world's ever-changing and growing energy and food requirements. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • As summer in the Mongolian grassland is very short and dry, almost all plants have prepared to germinate and grow quickly, making use of the small amount of rain and the short warm period, which starts in July. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Advanced Plant Habitat will be used to conduct plant bioscience research on the space station, and help NASA prepare crew to grow their own food in space during deep-space exploration missions. (spacedaily.com)
  • The advanced system will be activated by astronauts aboard the space station but controlled by the team at Kennedy, minimizing the amount of crew time needed to grow the plants. (spacedaily.com)
  • Before PH-01 is initiated, there will be a short grow out of Dwarf Wheat and Arabidopsis as part of the post-installation checkout on the space station," Onate said. (spacedaily.com)
  • These plants are highly adaptable and often able to grow in vastly different environments due to simple genetic mutations that differentiate populations across the world. (psuvanguard.com)
  • Very little work has been done in this area, especially in terrestrial plants, which are the cornerstone of human food webs. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The work is part of a University of Illinois-led biosystems design project called Renewable Oil Generated with Ultra-productive Energycane (ROGUE) to engineer two of the most productive American biomass crops-energycane and Miscanthus -to accumulate an abundant and sustainable supply of oil that can be used to produce biodiesel, biojet fuel, and bioproducts. (bnl.gov)
  • The novel aspect of this work was to minimize sugar accumulation in a large cellular storage compartment called the vacuole," said Sanket Anaokar, a research associate at BNL. (bnl.gov)
  • Past work on a close relative of tobacco had provided clues that RNA interference - a pathway that inhibits virus proliferation in plants and many animals - plays a role in virus exclusion in plants. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • Water shortage is a big problem in many parts of the world, and engineering crop plants that are better equipped to deal with drought could make a huge difference to world food supply. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • NASA is trying to figure out how to make plants a little more relaxed in space. (planetary.org)
  • Plants typically make use of only about 10 percent of the sunlight available to them, but carbon nanotubes could act as artificial antennae that allow chloroplasts to capture wavelengths of light not in their normal range, such as ultraviolet, green, and near-infrared. (science20.com)
  • For an experiment one needs a plant, a flower pot with earth, and a question. (balzan.org)
  • Therefore, we greatly appreciate the recognition by the Balzan foundation of the importance of our field of plant molecular genetics. (balzan.org)
  • How do we use plant and microbial engineering, and biotechnology, to chip away at carbon emissions from agriculture? (technologyreview.com)
  • Welcome to the official podcast of the NASA Johnson Space Center, Episode 172, "Plants in Space. (nasa.gov)
  • Developed by NASA and ORBITEC of Madison, Wisconsin, the APH is the largest plant chamber built for the agency. (spacedaily.com)
  • This sequence pattern is conserved among diverse plant peptides, suggesting that plant peptide hormone receptors may share a common ligand binding mode and activation mechanism. (elifesciences.org)
  • The credit for this amazing mechanism in plants should go to God, the supreme intelligence who designed it. (icr.org)
  • This rejection mechanism is initiated by a ligand-receptor interaction and is genetically controlled by a single polymorphic locus, called the S -locus [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the molecular mechanism involved in plant Fe-deficiency is not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This image shows filamentous structures called mictrotubules (green) in Arabidopsis leaf cells. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Laia Mogas-Soldevila is surrounded by possibilities-leather made from plants, ribbons of lattice that can filter air, sand structures that could replace concrete and rebar. (upenn.edu)
  • All the plants grown in the lab-made volcanic ash grew notably faster and larger than any of those in the lunar soils. (space.com)