Planktonic interactions biofilms. Medical search. Frequent questions

Biofilms are a mixture of complex communities of organisms mostly composed of diverse bacteria that vary depending on the surrounding environmental conditions induced by physical and chemical factors. (intechopen.com)
Observation of biofilms dates back to the seventeenth century when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observed bacteria from the plaque biofilm of his teeth under his primitive microscope [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
In this study, the anti-biofilm activity of previously fabricated polyamino-phenolic ligands and polyamidoamine dendrimers was investigated against legionella mono-species and multi-species biofilms formed by L. pneumophila in association with other bacteria that can be found in tap water ( Aeromonas hydrophila , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae ). (frontiersin.org)
Chemical interaction with matrix molecules is hypothesized, based on SEM images and considering the low or absent anti-microbial activity on planktonic bacteria showed by flow cytometry. (frontiersin.org)
[13] The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
[8] [5] The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
The MIC of antibiotics to biofilm-growing bacteria may be up to 1000-fold higher than that of planktonic bacteria. (medscape.com)
The pathogenicity and virulence of pathogenic bacteria may be enhanced by biofilm. (ijbpr.net)
Compared to planktonic bacteria, microorganisms living inside biofilms have very different lifestyles. (ijbpr.net)
Quorum Sensing (QS) a technique of communication used by bacteria in biofilms enables them to regulate biofilm formation respond to environmental stress produce secondary metabolites, and express virulence factors. (ijbpr.net)
Bacteria can develop antibiotic resistance through horizontal gene transfer within biofilms. (ijbpr.net)
Through these interactions bacteria in the biofilm acquire biocide tolerance and resistance enabling them to endure in the presence of biocides. (ijbpr.net)
Different bacterial species exchange metabolites and metabolite by products which are not the case with planktonic bacteria. (ijbpr.net)
The pathogenic bacteria can colonise the host effectively thanks to quorum sensing and biofilm development, and biofilms serve as a reservoir for releasing pathogenic planktonic cells into the environment. (ijbpr.net)
The formation of biofilms by pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus , Haemophilus influenza , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Leptospira interrogans may boost the pathogen's pathogenicity. (ijbpr.net)
The formation of biofilms by some pathogenic bacteria has been thoroughly investigated, but less is known about the formation of biofilms by neglected pathogens. (ijbpr.net)
The thesis elucidates the multi-metal resistance potential, biofilm-forming ability, and enhanced heavy metal removal efficiency of bacteria isolated from metal contaminated sites. (nitrkl.ac.in)
Pathogenic bacteria are known to switch phenotype such as planktonic to biofilms, to reduce sensitivity towards antimicrobial agents. (rcb.res.in)
Flemming, H.-C. & Wuertz, S. Bacteria and archaea on Earth and their abundance in biofilms. (nature.com)
At intermediate synthesis rates, production of pyoverdine increases during disturbance as bacteria dispersed into the planktonic state enjoy increased growth and pyoverdine production rates. (nova.edu)
Biofilms are microcolonies of one or more species of bacteria or fungi typically growing adherent to a biotic or abiotic surface. (pharmacy180.com)
Biofilms form to allow bacteria to maintain themselves in a niche of their choosing rather than being washed away by the shear force of running water in the natural environment or the movement of body fluids and mucins in the body. (pharmacy180.com)
Also, as a biofilm, bacteria and fungi are less susceptible to antimicrobials, allowing them to be more tolerant than their planktonic brethren to antibiotics found in nature and those used clinically. (pharmacy180.com)
A cartoon of the biofilm life cycle of bacteria is shown in Figure 8.1. (pharmacy180.com)
In the centre of the figure bacteria exist in a mature biofilm that may be formed from many species, as in a consortium formed on the face of a rock in a stream or those found in the mouth, as part of our dental plaque. (pharmacy180.com)
For example, under specific stress conditions appropriate signalling may lead to an increase in phenotypic diversity within the biofilm to accommodate the stress or these signals may cause bacteria to revert to their more motile planktonic phenotype and leave the biofilm to establish new microcolonies that will give rise to a mature biofilm. (pharmacy180.com)
Bacteria often form biofilms in porous environments where an external flow is present, such as soil or filtration systems. (uni-stuttgart.de)
Here, we present an agent based numerical model for bacteria that takes into account the planktonic stage of motile cells as well as surface attachment and biofilm growth in a lattice Boltzmann fluid. (uni-stuttgart.de)
Nisin/p-coumaric acid combination showed synergistic effects against planktonic cells of both the studied bacteria, whereas nisin/linalool combination showed synergistic activity against B. cereus and additive effect against S. typhimurium. (isical.ac.in)
In preformed biofilms, nisin by itself failed to show >50% antibiofilm efficacy against both the studied bacteria, but in combination with linalool and p-coumaric acid, it exerted >50% antibiofilm efficacy. (isical.ac.in)
On the basis of fractional inhibitory concentration indices values, nisin/p-coumaric acid combination exhibited synergistic antibiofilm activity, whereas nisin/linalool combination showed additive effects against preformed biofilms of studied bacteria. (isical.ac.in)
The results provide evidence that p-coumaric acid due to its synergistic interactions with nisin against planktonic cells and biofilms of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative food-borne bacteria enhanced the antibacterial spectrum of nisin, which subsequently may facilitate their use in the food industry. (isical.ac.in)
Significance and Impact of the Study: In the present work, synergistic interactions between a bacteriocin, nisin and essential oil component p-coumaric acid on planktonic cells as well as on biofilms of Gram-positive and Gram-negative food-borne bacteria have been reported. (isical.ac.in)
Bacteria have developed numerous protection strategies to ensure survival in harsh environments, with perhaps the most robust method being the formation of a protective biofilm. (ncsu.edu)
We focused on the identification of the key genes involved in the initial step of soybean colonization by methylotrophic bacteria, which includes the plant exudate recognition and adaptation by planktonic bacteria. (fapesp.br)
Transcriptomic analysis of the planktonic bacteria (with plant) revealed the expression of several genes involved in membrane transport, thus confirming an initial metabolic activation of bacterial responses when in the presence of plant root exudates. (fapesp.br)
This study can provide a scientific basis for revealing the interaction between food-borne pathogens and spoilage bacteria during mixed biofilm formation and for risk assessment, prevention and control. (spkx.net.cn)
Equilibria between active and inactive forms of this unique supramolecular system were shifted upon change of the microenvironment, influencing its biological activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in planktonic and biofilm states. (materials-chain.com)
Biofilms have been found to be one of the most common growth conditions for bacteria in nature. (bvsalud.org)
Inside a glob of mucus, bacteria swim freely, in a state the scientist describes as 'planktonic. (forteana.org)
Bacteria in biofilms can modify their gene expression and exhibit complex responses to stressors. (yohan-davit.com)
In contrast to the free-living, or planktonic, bacteria commonly studied in the lab, most prokaryotes in nature settle down in complex communities, often consisting of several interacting species. (the-scientist.com)
Biofilms form when groups of bacteria cover themselves in a sticky mixture of sugars, protein, and DNA. (the-scientist.com)
Within the biofilm, bacteria take on different responsibilities. (the-scientist.com)
[ 4 ] In contrast to planktonic, or free-floating, bacteria, microbes in the chronic wound bed are believed to exist mainly in biofilm communities, which attach to the wound surface and exist in microcolonies enclosed in a protective matrix of polysaccharide material. (medscape.com)
[ 8-10 ] Biofilms differ genotypically and phenotypically from planktonic bacteria, resulting in higher tolerance to antibiotics and to the host immune response. (medscape.com)

Out of the 17 strong biofilm former, 8 bacterial strains exhibited tolerance to high concentrations of Cr, Pb, and Cd, i.e., ˃500 mg/L. The potent multi-metal resistant biofilm-forming bacterial strains were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa OMCS-1, Staphylococcus sp. (nitrkl.ac.in)
The adsorption behavior and interaction mechanisms of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of a biofilm-forming bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa OMCS-1, towards Cr, Pb, and Cd were investigated. (nitrkl.ac.in)
Further, a multifaceted experimental design, including factorial design, Face-centered composite design (FCCD), and mixture design, was implemented to explore the competitive interaction and adsorption behavior of Cr, Pb, and Cd by the immobilized EPS-based biosorbent of Pseudomonas aeruginosa OMCS-1, in single as well as ternary metal solution. (nitrkl.ac.in)
The functioning of the EPS matrix in holding cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa together and forming the mature biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The exopolysaccharide genes such as pilB, pslA, lecA, ureB and alginate genes are responsible for the formation of pseudomonas biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The microcarriers made up of dextrons in the range of 60-90µm in size are used as a surface for Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The research in our lab focuses on structural studies of macromolecular complexes involved in regulation of genesresponsible for biofilm and flagella expression in Pseudomonas. (rcb.res.in)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms are shown in gray with par-seqFISH gene expression data in color. (weizmann.ac.il)
Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14, we periodically applied a physical force to biofilms and examined production of pyoverdine. (nova.edu)
The interaction between Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the common food spoilage bacterium Pseudomonas spp. (spkx.net.cn)
Instead, biofilm formation by the four Pseudomonas strains was significantly inhibited by the three strains of E. coli O157:H7 (P (spkx.net.cn)
Interaction between Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas during the Formation of Mixed-Species Biofilm and Its Effect on the Expression of Virulence Genes[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2022, 43(20): 135-147. (spkx.net.cn)
Mixed-Species Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas [J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 0, (): 0-0. (spkx.net.cn)
Effectiveness of honey on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Bacterial ability to form biofilms was verified using a crystal violet colorimetric assay and testing cell viability by real-time quantitative PCR and Plate Count assay. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, the aim of this research was to determine whether yeast present in CVC colonizations previously exposed to cell- wall targeted antibacterials benefit from a reduction in susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole, facilitating their ability to form biofilms. (bvsalud.org)
None of the antibacterials exerted a significant effect on the in vitro susceptibility of the yeasts to the antifungal agents or on their ability to form biofilms. (bvsalud.org)

Biofilms are complex, highly dynamic, structured ecosystems formed by a community of different microorganisms living attached to inert or living surfaces and embedded in a matrix designated extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). (intechopen.com)
Disinfection methods currently used in water systems have been shown to be ineffective against legionella over the long-term, allowing recolonization by the biofilm-protected microorganisms. (frontiersin.org)
Microorganisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms. (cdc.gov)
For most of the history of microbiology, microorganisms have primarily been characterized as planktonic, freely suspended cells and described on the basis of their growth characteristics in nutritionally rich culture media. (cdc.gov)
Rediscovery of a microbiologic phenomenon, first described by van Leeuwenhoek, that microorganisms attach to and grow universally on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
These biofilm microorganisms have been shown to elicit specific mechanisms for initial attachment to a surface, development of a community structure and ecosystem, and detachment. (cdc.gov)
Van Leeuwenhoek, using his simple microscopes, first observed microorganisms on tooth surfaces and can be credited with the discovery of microbial biofilms. (cdc.gov)
5 ) in 1978 put forth a theory of biofilms that explained the mechanisms whereby microorganisms adhere to living and nonliving materials and the benefits accrued by this ecologic niche. (cdc.gov)
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Despite the paradigm that 99% of microorganisms grow as a biofilm in the environment, current research methods are largely limited to monoculture planktonic studies. (montana.edu)
Although more investigations are trying to improve culture complexity by evaluating interactions between two or more populations, experiments are still more readily performed with microorganisms in the planktonic growth mode. (montana.edu)
The research presented here aims to elucidate the complexity of interactions between two microorganisms from different domains of life that results in enhanced metabolism due to localization of cells in close proximity within an anaerobic biofilm. (montana.edu)
Formation of biosynthetic NPs is part of the detoxification strategy employed by microorganisms, either in planktonic or biofilm form, to reduce the chemical toxicity of metal ions. (unifr.ch)
These, which are termed biofilms, are surface-associated consortia of microorganisms embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances including polysaccharides, proteins & DNA. (yohan-davit.com)

[ 14 ] The penetration of oxacillin and cefotaxime (β-lactams), and vancomycin and teicoplanin (glycopeptides) is significantly reduced through Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, whereas that of amikacin (aminoglycoside), and rifampicin and ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) was unaffected. (medscape.com)
2016). Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm-released cells induce a prompt and more marked in vivo inflammatory-type response than planktonic or biofilm cells . (up.pt)

Natural products have demonstrated different mechanisms of antimicrobial action, such as promoting cell wall rupture and lysis, inhibiting biofilm formation, preventing cell wall construction, interrupting microbial DNA replication, and inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial toxins to the host, among others [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

citri mature biofilm and planktonic cells. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
The colonization proceeds by the development of a mature biofilm on roots at 96 h after inoculation. (fapesp.br)

Most microbes do not live as free-floating organisms but as dense sessile communities that predominate over the planktonic phenotype. (yohan-davit.com)

Bacterial biofilms can occasionally be advantageous since they can be employed as a biological control against phytopathogens and biofertilizers. (ijbpr.net)
The etiopathogenesis of CRS remains elusive, and both environmental factors, such as bacterial biofilms and the host's general condition, are thought to play a role. (encyclopedia.pub)
Bacterial biofilms have significant clinical relevance due to their potential to cause resistance to antimicrobial therapy and host defenses. (encyclopedia.pub)

In this article, he cites studies that explain the various antibiotics prescribed for periodontitis, and the effects they have on biofilms and clinical treatment modalities. (dentistryiq.com)
A biofilm is a multilayered microbiological ecosystem that adheres to the surface of a structure and confers greater protection from antibiotics and an immune response vs. the planktonic microbiota alone. (dentistryiq.com)
3 The purpose of this article is to better understand the antibiotics that are prescribed for periodontitis, and what effects they have on biofilms and clinical treatment modalities. (dentistryiq.com)
2 This is most likely due to the fact that the penetration of the antibiotics into the biofilm was low and that there is higher resistance in the biofilm. (dentistryiq.com)
9 Systemic antibiotics help prevent recolonization and reorganization of the biofilm after the biofilm has been disrupted. (dentistryiq.com)
Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
The biofilm matrix can act as a barrier to delay the diffusion of antibiotics into biofilms [ 11 ] because antibiotics may either react chemically with biofilm matrix components or attach to anionic polysaccharides. (medscape.com)
[ 12 ] Antibiotics have been shown to readily penetrate biofilms in some cases, but poorly in others depending on particular antibiotics and biofilms. (medscape.com)
thereby, the slow growth rates of biofilm-growing cells will render them less susceptible to antibiotics. (medscape.com)
Therapeutic failures of antibiotics used to treat macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes infections may be due to biofilm formation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Biofilms are home to millions of microbes, but disrupting their interactions could produce more effective antibiotics. (the-scientist.com)

It also facilitates cooperative interactions between different sub-populations via specialization in costly activities such as virulence factor production and through metabolite exchanges, forming an extended basis for sociality. (weizmann.ac.il)
citri this process is a requirement to achieve maximal virulence since it has a major role in host interactions. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Furthermore, reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the changes of virulence genes (stx1, stx2, hly and eae) expression in representative strains of E. coli O157:H7 during mixed species biofilm formation. (spkx.net.cn)
It was also found that the expression of the four virulence genes in the biofilm was higher than that in planktonic cells (P (spkx.net.cn)

A cohesive structure of a multi‐layer of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as polysaccharides and proteins is the base of biofilm structural organization. (intechopen.com)
Especially for extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of archaea and their biofilms in bioleaching environments information is rather limited. (ufz.de)
Biofilm-associated cells can be differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, reduced growth rates, and the up- and down- regulation of specific genes. (cdc.gov)
A biofilm is an assemblage of surface-associated microbial cells that is enclosed in an extracellular polymeric substance matrix. (cdc.gov)
[2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms contain a small reversible subpopulation of so-called persister cells that adopt a slow- or nongrowing lifestyle through the emergence of small colony variants and are highly tolerant to extracellular stresses, such as antibiotic treatment. (medscape.com)
The bioleaching mechanisms are categorized by contact (an electrostatic attachment) and noncontact (planktonic) process, with emphasis on the produce of extracellular polymeric substances and formation of biofilm on the surface of the metal sulfides in this paper. (cyberleninka.org)
Historically, multicellular bacterial communities, known as biofilms, have been thought to be held together solely by a self-produced extracellular matrix. (nature.com)
Biofilms are multicellular communities that were so far thought to be held together solely by a self-produced organic extracellular matrix. (nature.com)

Bioleaching of metal sulfides represents an interfacial process where biofilm formation is important in the initial steps of this process. (ufz.de)
Two major thrusts in the last decade have dramatically impacted our understanding of biofilms: the utilization of the confocal laser scanning microscope to characterize biofilm ultrastructure, and an investigation of the genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
The biofilm screening of 58 isolates exhibited strong biofilm formation by 17 strains, moderate biofilm formation by 15 strains, weak biofilm formation by 21 strains, and no biofilm formation by 5 strains. (nitrkl.ac.in)
The biofilm formation takes place in stages and many changes are observed in its size and shape during the development. (ukessays.com)
The genes responsible for the biofilm formation are quantified by comparing the planktonic and biofilm samples. (ukessays.com)
In addition, flagella play a crucial role in adhesion to substrate, biofilm formation and colonization. (rcb.res.in)
T. Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation and social interactions. (nature.com)
Biofilm formation is an important process in bacterial pathogens and several lines of evidence suggest that in X. a. pv. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
In biofilms, UDP-glucose dehydrogenase with a major role in exopolysaccharide production and the non-fimbrial adhesin YapH involved BEZ235 in adherence were over-expressed, while a polynucleotide phosphorylase that was demonstrated to negatively control biofilm formation in E. coli was down-regulated. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
To understand the initial stages of biofilm formation, one needs to study the interactions between cells, the fluid and the confining geometries. (uni-stuttgart.de)
The Solution Structures and Interaction of SinR and SinI: Elucidating the Mechanism of Action of the Master Regulator Switch for Biofilm Formation in Bacillus subtilis. (ncsu.edu)
The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis has become a model organism for studying regulatory networks directing biofilm formation. (ncsu.edu)
In this study, we initially present the structure of the N-terminal domain of QseB, the response regulator responsible for biofilm formation. (ncsu.edu)
Effect of internalin InlJ of Listeria monocytogenes on phage sensitivity and biofilm formation [J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 0, (): 0-0. (spkx.net.cn)
Formation, Interaction and Novel Control Strategies of Mixed-Species Biofilm in the Food Industry [J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2022, 43(19): 285-294. (spkx.net.cn)
DFT calculations helped to explain possible differences in the aggregate formation, showing that metal-ligand interaction is a key process behind the higher activity of the metalated derivative. (materials-chain.com)
We studied, for the first time, the effects of mutants defective in biomineralization and calcite formation on biofilm development, resilience and morphology. (nature.com)
Fibrinogen induces biofilm formation by Streptococcus suis and enhances its antibiotic resistance. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Biofilm formation over the dentin surface was ensured by SEM analysis. (bvsalud.org)
The event aims to discuss the latest research, covering topics that include molecular basis and regulation of biofilm formation, biofilms in natural and industrial systems, diagnosis and study of clinically-relevant biofilms, and emerging technologies and their application to biofilms. (globalbiodefense.com)
The susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole and the biofilm formation of the yeasts were tested before and after exposure to the antibacterials. (bvsalud.org)
Biofilm/formation. (bvsalud.org)
In order to control biofilm formation, sequester proteolytic enzymes, and provide a biocompatible scaffold to support healing, the investigators utilize a purified collagen matrix containing polyhexamethylene biguanide (PCMP) in a case series of 9 wounds on 8 patients with multiple comorbidities who did not respond to previous conventional or adjuvant therapy. (medscape.com)

[10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)
The locus of the psl polysacchide genes encode the cells to adhere to a surface and thus maintaining the biofilm structure. (ukessays.com)
The regulation of flagellar and biofilm genes is brought about primarily at the transcription level through the action of a number of dedicated regulatory proteins. (rcb.res.in)
Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, utilizing RNA-seq and deuterated water respectively, were used to elucidate genes and proteins that contribute to the biofilm growth mode that results in a more efficient metabolism for the syntrophic co-culture (defined by biomass per substrate flux). (montana.edu)
The results demonstrate the expression of many genes with unknown functions, and others that contribute to cell-cell interactions as well as active proteins in electron processing (e.g., lactate oxidation) in DvH and CO2 reduction (e.g., methanogenesis) in Mmp. (montana.edu)
Moreover, antioxidant genes were mostly expressed during the interaction with the plant exudates. (fapesp.br)
Further evaluation of stress- and methylotrophic-related genes expression by qPCR showed that glutathione peroxidase and glutathione synthetase genes were up-regulated during the Methylobacterium-soybean interaction. (fapesp.br)

Much of the work in the last 2 decades has relied on tools such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or standard microbiologic culture techniques for biofilm characterization. (cdc.gov)
The cells interacts via quorum sensing and these interactions are studied under scanning electron microscopy. (ukessays.com)

The industrial applications of the bioleaching on chalcopyrite and pyrite are totally based on the understanding of the interaction mechanism between microbes and minerals, the optimization of ore leaching conditions and the development of new material and the leaching equipment. (cyberleninka.org)
This bio-sensor interacts with both planktonic and sessile microbes, with the change in fluorescence as detected by an on-line fluorometer directly proportional to living microbial populations. (techstreet.com)
These biofilms of aggregating microbes are everywhere: on rocks, bathtubs, and medical devices. (the-scientist.com)
The slimy coating on unbrushed teeth is biofilm, and the beneficial microbes on your skin and gut often grow collectively. (the-scientist.com)

Legionnaires' disease is a potentially fatal pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila , an aquatic bacterium often found within the biofilm niche. (frontiersin.org)
A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
As the biofilm matures and the community needs change, an individual bacterium may take on new responsibilities. (the-scientist.com)

EPS analysis indicates the presence of proteins, polysaccharides and uronic acids, the composition of which varies according to substrate and lifestyle (i.e. planktonic, biofilm cells). (ufz.de)
The biofilm proteome showed major variations in the composition of outer membrane proteins and receptor or transport proteins. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
Interestingly, some proteins related to energy production, such as ATP-synthase were down-regulated selleck kinase inhibitor in biofilms. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
In biofilms, bacterial cells are embedded within a matrix that is composed of a complex mixture of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. (ncsu.edu)

In biofilms, symbionts play major roles in the relationship among organisms by the production of bioactive molecules involved in quorum sensing signaling. (intechopen.com)
Cells may also communicate via quorum sensing, which may in turn affect biofilm processes such as detachment. (cdc.gov)

The binding of the positively charged aminoglycosides to the negatively charged biofilm matrix polymers of P. aeruginosa will delay the penetration of aminoglycosides, [ 13 ] while the penetration of fluoroquinolones occurs immediately and without delay. (medscape.com)
the effectiveness of fluoroquinolones on biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa is greater when compared with β-lactams, while both fluoroquinolones and β-lactams are less effective against biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa compared to planktonic cells. (medscape.com)

Chronic periodontitis is an interaction between a plaque biofilm and the body's immune response. (dentistryiq.com)

This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of 2.5% and 5.25% NaOCl, 2% gel and liquid CHX and MTAD® against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms on human dentin. (bvsalud.org)
E. faecalis has demonstrated a high resistance 20 and ability to inactivate antimicrobial agents 14 , survival capacity in harsh environments, with scarce nutrient supply and extreme alkaline pH 28 , and the capacity for growth as a biofilm on root canal walls 21 . (bvsalud.org)

Our lab applies single-cell and spatial transcriptomics approaches to globally study cell-cell variation across lifestyles, from free-living populations and biofilms assemblies to bacterial colonization of host tissues. (weizmann.ac.il)
Biofilm production by Trichosporon facilitates colonization of indwelling devices, permitting both adherence to prosthetic material and reduction of the fungus's exposure and susceptibility to antifungal drugs. (medscape.com)

The results from the planktonic and biofilm gene expression results are compared. (ukessays.com)
The raw data were deposited to the Gene Expression Omnibus ( GSE197541 for RAINBOW-seq data and GSE213531 for RNA-seq Δ sapD biofilm periphery and pyrimidine biosynthesis heterogeneity). (nature.com)

The phenotypic transition from a planktonic to biofilm state is regulated by the activity of the transcriptional repressor, SinR, and its inactivation by its primary antagonist, SinI. (ncsu.edu)

Our study identified a novel mechanism maintaining Bacillus subtilis and Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilms-active production of calcite minerals. (nature.com)

Spatial transcriptomics of planktonic and sessile bacterial populations at single-cell resolution. (weizmann.ac.il)

In this study, we established RAINBOW-seq and profiled the transcriptome of Escherichia coli biofilm communities with high spatial resolution and high gene coverage. (nature.com)

Biofilms are an ancient survival strategy in which communities of organisms can grow as a cohesive unit, generally attached to a surface and/or at interfaces. (montana.edu)
Microbial communities often display region-specific properties, which give rise to complex interactions and emergent behaviors that are critical to the homeostasis and stress response of the communities. (nature.com)
Our work provides an extended understanding of the metabolic interplay in biofilms and presents a new approach of investigating complex interactions in bacterial communities on the systems level. (nature.com)

[ 10 ] Multiple biofilm-specific mechanisms are operated simultaneously in a reversible and transient manner contributing to the high levels of antibiotic resistance of biofilms, and these are distinct from the well-characterized intrinsic resistance mechanisms (e.g., expression of antibiotic-degrading enzymes, inducible decrease in antibiotic influx, inducible increase in antibiotic efflux and alteration in antibiotic target sites) employed by planktonic cells. (medscape.com)

One of the most intriguing and clinically relevant features of microbial biofilms is their significantly higher antibiotic resistance relative to their free-floating counterparts, which generates serious consequences for therapy of biofilm-associated infections. (medscape.com)
0.0001) compared to their planktonic counterparts. (nitrkl.ac.in)
In fact, biofilms can withstand doses up to 1,000 times greater than their planktonic counterparts. (the-scientist.com)

By using a specific polysaccharide-stain called Ruthenium red and coupling this with osmium tetroxide fixative, these researchers were also able to show that the matrix material surrounding and enclosing cells in these biofilms was polysaccharide. (cdc.gov)
Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
and the replenishment of biofilm matrix proceeds at a rate slower than the adsorption/reaction/diffusion of antibiotic molecules. (medscape.com)
Based on the environment in which biofilm production takes place, the nature of the biofilm matrix varies. (ijbpr.net)
1996). During the biofilm development several factors plays a key role mainly the exopolymeric matrix. (ukessays.com)
The exopolysaccharide matrix is the important component of the biofilm. (ukessays.com)
E. faecalis biofilms grown on dentin matrix of 216 root sections were submerged in test irrigants for 1, 5, 15 and 30 minutes. (bvsalud.org)
Because of cell-cell proximity, heterogeneities, gradients, couplings and the specific matrix environment, biofilms also have complex social interactions (e.g. communication, competition) and convoluted architectures. (yohan-davit.com)

Organized biofilms have higher resistance to antimicrobials. (dentistryiq.com)

In man-made water systems microbial biofilms increase the resistance of legionella to disinfection, posing a significant threat to public health. (frontiersin.org)
If the time required for an antibiotic to penetrate biofilms is longer than the duration of antibiotic treatment, the slower penetration will explain the antibiotic resistance. (medscape.com)

In this present work we try to grow planktonic cultures and biofilms cultures on the microcarriers in a fermentor separately. (ukessays.com)
In this study, the effect of manuka honey on S. pyogenes (M28) was investigated in vitro with planktonic and biofilm cultures using MIC, MBC, microscopy and aggregation efficiency. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Bactericidal effects were found in both planktonic cultures and biofilms, although higher concentrations of manuka honey were needed to inhibit biofilms. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Fig. 2: Spatial transcriptome of E. coli biofilm. (nature.com)
Periodically Disturbing the Spatial Structure of Biofilms Can Affect t" by Rebecca J. Quinn, Ivana Barraza et al. (nova.edu)

Biofilms have great importance for public health because of their role in certain infectious diseases and importance in a variety of device-related infections. (cdc.gov)

Biofilms can be found in a variety of habitats, on free‐living, on the surface of other organisms or inert surfaces, both in aquatic as well as terrestrial environments. (intechopen.com)
This report provides insight into EPS and biofilm characteristics of thermophilic archaea and improves understanding of the mineral-microbial-biofilm interfacial interactions in extreme environments. (ufz.de)
Since that time, the studies of biofilms in industrial and ecologic settings and in environments more relevant for public health have basically paralleled each other. (cdc.gov)
A bacterial lifestyle that predominates in a variety of natural and artificial environments is biofilm development. (ijbpr.net)
Leptospira is one such overlooked pathogen that creates biofilms in both natural and artificial environments. (ijbpr.net)

While Macrophen and Double Macrophen were the most active substances among polyamino-phenolic ligands, dendrimers were overall twofold more effective than all other compounds with a reduction up to 85 and 73% of legionella and multi-species biofilms, respectively. (frontiersin.org)
The environment that biofilms offer for interacting with several other microbial species in nature is crucial to metabolism. (ijbpr.net)
The metabolism of different bacterial species can be influenced by the interactions between the metabolites of different organisms. (ijbpr.net)
The selective culture results showed that the two species did not promote each other's biofilm-producing ability when co-culturing for 72 h. (spkx.net.cn)

Stewart, P. S. & Franklin, M. J. Physiological heterogeneity in biofilms. (nature.com)

The development of the biofilm starts with the attachment of the freely moving planktonic cell to a surface. (ukessays.com)
In the planktonic stage we show the importance of the interplay between complex flow and cell motility when determining positions of surface attachment. (uni-stuttgart.de)

Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) exhibited different biofilm components, providing a three-dimensional structure to the biofilm. (nitrkl.ac.in)

The concentration of the chemicals tested as anti-biofilm agents was chosen based on cytotoxicity assays: the highest non-cytotoxic chemical concentration was used for biofilm inhibition assays, with dendrimer concentration 10-fold higher than polyamino-phenolic ligands. (frontiersin.org)
Their inhibition effects on planktonic cells and preformed biofilms were evaluated using microbroth dilution and checkerboard titration methods. (isical.ac.in)

[ 20 ] Starvation is also found in biofilms owing to nutrient consumption by peripheral cells and reduced diffusion of oxygen and nutrients through biofilms. (medscape.com)
Just as different boroughs of a city might differ in levels of air pollution or abundance of organic supermarkets, different parts of the biofilm are exposed to wildly different levels of oxygen and nutrients. (the-scientist.com)

An established biofilm structure comprises microbial cells and EPS, has a defined architecture, and provides an optimal environment for the exchange of genetic material between cells. (cdc.gov)
The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)

The concentration levels of the nutrients are also compared for both biofilm and planktonic fermentation. (ukessays.com)
Biofilms provide a more energy-efficient means of growth, capturing nutrients as they flow past and easily expelling waste. (pharmacy180.com)

Results (in PNAS) show that cell growth and mechanical interactions generate a layering effect whereby longer rod-shaped cells end up predominantly close to the solid substrate and spherical ones close to the fluid interface (somehow opposite to the Brazil nut effect). (yohan-davit.com)

The molecular events that underlie transcription regulation include interaction of regulators with promoters and RNA polymerase (RNAP). (rcb.res.in)

They also provide a more secure environment for sustainability, making it difficult for phagocytes, found both in nature and as part of the immune system, to eradicate the biofilm. (pharmacy180.com)

Mathematical modeling predicts that interactions between pyoverdine synthesis rate and biofilm density determine the amount of pyoverdine synthesized. (nova.edu)
When the pyoverdine synthesis rates are high, depletion of the biofilm due to disturbance reduces the accumulation of pyoverdine. (nova.edu)

The biofilm has been shown to promote a stable and more even carrying capacity for both populations that is likely linked to improved hydrogen transfer (and/or other potential carbon and electron co-metabolites) as compared to planktonic populations. (montana.edu)

0.05) in biofilm mode and under different heavy metal concentrations. (nitrkl.ac.in)

To assess the possible roles of biomineralization in biofilm development, we grew wild-type B. subtilis cells on media in the presence or absence of calcium acetate as a calcium source. (nature.com)
For instance, the cells within a B. subtilis biofilm that are engaged in protease production are randomly determined. (the-scientist.com)

[8] Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque , where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease . (wikipedia.org)
Recent studies have demonstrated biofilm growth over root surfaces on teeth with chronic apical periodontitis and teeth refractory to root canal treatment 12 . (bvsalud.org)

A greater understanding of biofilm processes should lead to novel, effective control strategies for biofilm control and a resulting improvement in patient management. (cdc.gov)
Biofilm growth, maturation and dispersion are challenging processes and it is yet unclear how these processes are regulated [ 1 ]. (ijbpr.net)
Moreover, this unique bacterial-archaeal biofilm represents interdomain interactions that could represent systems that contributed shared metabolic processes that lead to the development of eukaryotic life. (montana.edu)

Chronic Rhinosinusitis, S. aureus Biofilm and Secreted Products" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/24220 (accessed November 30, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)

A monolayer biofilm develops on pyrite after 2-4 days of incubation. (ufz.de)

Chemical signals regulate the interactions between members of the biofilm just as hormones regulate the cells of our body. (pharmacy180.com)

Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
In numerous biotic and abiotic situations, pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospira have been observed to produce biofilms. (ijbpr.net)

However the development of biofilms on surgical implants, prosthetic valves, feeding tubes and catheters has a significant impact on human health. (ijbpr.net)

Anatomy1

Organisms13

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs26

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes13

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Health Care4

Bacteria47

Pseudomonas14

Form biofilms3

Microorganisms16

Staphylococcus2

Inhibiting biofilm formation1

Mature biofilm2

Phenotype1

Bacterial biofilms3

Antibiotics11

Virulence4

Extracellular9

Formation23

Genes7

Scanning electron m2

Microbes4

Bacterium3

Proteins4

Quorum Sensing2

Aeruginosa2

Plaque biofilm1

Antimicrobial2

Colonization2

Gene expression2

Phenotypic1

Bacillus1

Sessile1

Escherichia1

Communities3

Mechanisms1

Counterparts3

Matrix8

Antimicrobials1

Resistance2

Cultures3

Spatial2

Infections1

Environments5

Species4

Physiological1

Attachment2

Confocal1

Inhibition2

Oxygen and nutrients2

Microbial cells2

Nutrients2

Substrate1

Molecular1

Immune1

Synthesis2

Populations1

Concentrations1

Subtilis2

Teeth2

Processes3

Chronic1

Monolayer1

Regulate1

Biotic2

Catheters1