Planktonic and biofilm bacteria to cause an infection infections. Medical search. Frequent questions

We have recently found that the expectorant N-Acetylcysteine is able to break down this biofilm matrix effectively - thereby releasing bacteria to a free-floating planktonic form. (medgadget.com)
The old school was fixated with the images and concept of free-floating (planktonic) bacteria infecting organs. (blogspot.com)
While free-floating planktonic bacteria can be properly cleared from the CF lung, P. aeruginosa , along with alginate production, establishes an infection in the form of a biofilm which supports its survival in nature and in vivo . (marshall.edu)

Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
The MIC of antibiotics to biofilm-growing bacteria may be up to 1000-fold higher than that of planktonic bacteria. (medscape.com)
The biofilm matrix can act as a barrier to delay the diffusion of antibiotics into biofilms [ 11 ] because antibiotics may either react chemically with biofilm matrix components or attach to anionic polysaccharides. (medscape.com)
[ 12 ] Antibiotics have been shown to readily penetrate biofilms in some cases, but poorly in others depending on particular antibiotics and biofilms. (medscape.com)
thereby, the slow growth rates of biofilm-growing cells will render them less susceptible to antibiotics. (medscape.com)
In the laboratory, bacteria become highly resistant to antibiotics when nutrients are limited in the media. (medscape.com)
Future strategies may involve combination technologies where anti-biofilm agents help to maximize the efficacy of antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics and antiseptics. (dermatologytimes.com)
Probiotics have been studied extensively as a means of infection prevention, particularly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains, which are beneficial to the host in terms of lowering the risk of infection ( 8 ), the need for antibiotics ( 9 ), the severity of the disease ( 10 ), and the length of the illness ( 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
Most reports are of bacterial biofilms, in which organisms have been shown to have an altered cell metabolism, slowed or suspended replication rates, and resistance to killing by antibiotics and macrophages ( 1 - 3 ). (cdc.gov)
Recurrent chest infections are a hallmark of these conditions, even when kids are treated with antibiotics that should work. (thelimbic.com)
Probably the most important thing from a treatment perspective, is that when bacteria are in biofilms they are up to a thousand times more resistant to antibiotics than the planktonic bacteria which typically cause acute infections. (thelimbic.com)
To directly combat this, the researchers developed biodegradable pellets that can be implanted during grommet surgery to deliver antibiotics right to where the infections happen. (medgadget.com)
Dr Mat Daniel said: "We tested antibiotics against biofilms in the laboratory but it rapidly became apparent that very much higher levels of antibiotics would be needed. (medgadget.com)
In doing so antibiotics become much more effective in killing bacteria as the protective properties of a biofilm are no longer present. (medgadget.com)
Antibiotic resistance is when bacteria or other microbes change so that antibiotics no longer work to treat infections. (ukri.org)
Patients will continue to need antibiotics, particularly to treat serious infections, like sepsis, so we need to improve how they are used. (ukri.org)
Right now, 'broad-spectrum' antibiotics, that kill a wide range of bacteria, are often given in high doses to ensure that enough antibiotic reaches the microbes at the site of infection. (ukri.org)
Much higher doses than would be needed if we could deliver antibiotics just at the site of infection are used. (ukri.org)
These antibiotics kill many of the beneficial 'resident' bacteria living in our bodies, which drives resistance. (ukri.org)
It would be much better if we could use a 'personalised medicine' approach where antibiotics are delivered locally, at the site of infection, at doses necessary to treat the problem. (ukri.org)
By giving lower doses of targeted treatment and avoiding exposure of the normal colonising bacteria to antibiotics, our vision is to improve health outcomes and reduce the selection of resistant microbes. (ukri.org)
We propose to develop bubbles so that they can deliver antibiotics directly to a site of infection. (ukri.org)
By combining bubbles with ultrasound to trigger the release of antibiotics just at the site of infection, we aim to reduce the amount of antibiotics required to kill bacteria, without killing the helpful bacteria that live elsewhere in the body. (ukri.org)
Antibiotics often fail because the bacteria create their own local environment, the "biofilm", full of sticky chemicals, which also reduces the killing effects of antibiotics. (ukri.org)
Antibiotics have played an important role in reducing the incidence of morbidity and mortality in human infections all over the world. (databasefootball.com)
This euphoria turned out to be short-lived, as it was soon realized that bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics by acquiring gene mutations. (databasefootball.com)
Since then, we have seen bacteria becoming increasingly resistant to a large number of antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
In addition to antibiotic resistance acquired by genetic mutations, bacteria have developed multiple ways of thwarting the killing effects of antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
The most common strategies employed by bacteria for resisting antibiotics include growing as biofilms, persisters, and small colony variants [1]. (databasefootball.com)
During bacterial infections involving biofilms, most of the existing antibiotics can kill the susceptible, planktonic bacterial population present in various body sites. (databasefootball.com)
The resistance of biofilm-growing bacteria to antibiotics does not involve any genetic changes but is only a phenotypic adaptation. (databasefootball.com)
Similar to persisters, small colony variants (SCV) are slowly-growing derivatives of bacteria showing reduced susceptibility to antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
In addition, because the site of action of lysins is on the external surface of the bacteria, these antibacterial agents do not encounter permeability or efflux issues which are known to affect the potency of conventional antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
Conventional antibiotics act on mechanisms by which bacteria carry out their normal metabolic activities: making proteins, manufacturing their cell wall, and undergoing cell division. (databasefootball.com)
This means that, in order for conventional antibiotics to be active, the bacteria must be metabolically active. (databasefootball.com)
The poorly metabolizing persisters in the biofilms can thus evade the action of these antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
Therefore, biofilm matrix gives the additional resistance power to bacteria which makes them to not only tolerate harsh conditions but also resistant to antibiotics which lead to the emergence of bad bugs infections like multi drug resistant, extensively drug resistant and totally drug resistant bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), also called 'slime', covering and cementing of biofilm colonies protects the bacteria from antibiotics, bacteriocins (produced by probiotics), antibodies, and other medicines/herbs which might kill it. (blogspot.com)
MRSA strains have the ability to be resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics, but also to a wide range of other antimicrobials, making infections difficult to manage and very costly to treat. (biomedcentral.com)
Results demonstrate that very high concentrations of the most used antibiotics in treating diabetic foot infections (DFI) are required to inhibit S. aureus biofilms in vitro, which may explain why monotherapy with these agents frequently fails to eradicate biofilm infections. (biomedcentral.com)
In fact, biofilms were resistant to antibiotics at concentrations 10-1000 times greater than the ones required to kill free-living or planktonic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The only antibiotics able to inhibit biofilm eradication on 50 % of isolates were ceftaroline and gentamicin. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, biofilm cells display increased tolerance to antibiotics [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Combining Biofilm-Controlling Compounds and Antibiotics as a Promising New Way to Control Biofilm Infections. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
In this structure, they are well protected and often high dosages of antibiotics cannot clear infectious biofilms. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Therefore, a combination of biofilm-destroying compounds and antibiotics to handle biofilm infections is proposed. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
In this article, different approaches to combine biofilm-controlling compounds and antibiotics to fight biofilm infections are discussed, as well as the balance between biofilm formation and virulence. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
The importance of biofilm in the context of increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics]. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
The gold comb-like structures are the device's embedded electrodes, which produce the bioelectric effect that works with antibiotics to treat the bacterial biofilm. (umd.edu)
Because high doses of antibiotics are required for their removal, biofilms contribute to the increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. (umd.edu)

All of these pathogenic bacteria are planktonic or free floating, when single, and upon aggregation , they build biofilms. (yeastinfectionadvisor.com)
A safe bio-preservative agent, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and spoilage organisms. (frontiersin.org)
However, there have not been many investigations on how pathogenic bacteria are affected by the metabolic properties of planktonic and biofilm probiotics. (frontiersin.org)
We have discussed the biofilms of several pathogenic non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species in context to the in vivo pathologies. (microbialcell.com)
Besides pathogenic NTMs, Mycobacterium smegmatis is often used as a model organism for understanding mycobacterial physiology and has been studied extensively for understanding the mycobacterial biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
The systematic review and meta-analyses to determine the efficiency of bacteriophages previously patented against pathogenic bacteria on dairy products, meat, fruits and vegetables. (bvsalud.org)
Controlling biofilms of gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
There are limited data in the literature quantifying the exact incidence of Cutibacterium endovascular, orthopedic, or neurosurgical shunt infections as frequently their pathogenic potential is overlooked given that it is considered to be of low virulence. (medscape.com)

A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms are matrix-enclosed populations of microorganisms adherent to each other or to surfaces or interfaces ( 1 ) . (cdc.gov)
Guest lecture microbiology and pathogenesis for undergraduates and graduates: Biofilm, the social life of microorganisms. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Microbiology and pathogenesis METX 119-02 online, summer session online classes: Biofilm, the social life of microorganisms. (skander-hathroubi.net)
3] Biofilms consist of microorganisms encased within a self-produced matrix of exoproteins and exopolysaccharides, which strongly attach themselves to interfaces and highly resist dislodgement. (blogspot.com)
Biofilms, as a community of microorganisms cause many chronic infections (meningitis, inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity, urogenital infections) and create problems in the industry (fouling of processing equipment, ship hulls, oil platforms, biocorrosion metal products). (iimmun.ru)
However, this treatment presents other challenges regarding its susceptibility to different microorganisms, according to their physiology 13-14 .Therefore, it is still necessary to set specific parameters so that PDT can be used for maximum effectiveness in removing microorganisms that cause endodontic infections. (bvsalud.org)

Three models of Mtb biofilm formation have been proposed to study the factors regulating biofilm formation, the physiology of the resident bacteria, and the nature of the biomaterial that holds these bacterial masses together. (microbialcell.com)

In this section, we will focus on proteins involved in biofilm formation as useful targets for the development of new drugs that can effectively and specifically impair biofilm formation with slight effects on cell survival, thus avoiding the generation of drug-resistant strains. (intechopen.com)
High throughput sequencing was performed to identify the genes involved in biofilm formation and to postulate the mechanism of action. (biomedcentral.com)
To date there have been a limited number of studies on the transcriptome of bacteria and the genes involved in biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, an ideal new antibacterial agent, in addition to its activity on drug-resistant strains of bacteria, should also be capable of killing bacteria in biofilms. (databasefootball.com)
The article acknowledges the formation of bacterial biofilms in strains of bacteria species Klebsiella oxytoca and Klebsiella pneumoniae when grown in liquid media under the influence of negative factors (chemical factor) - containing agents. (iimmun.ru)

The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum calidifontis produce bundling pili which are homologous to the bacterial TasA filaments, a major component of the extracellular matrix in bacterial biofilms, which contribute to biofilm stability. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms contain a small reversible subpopulation of so-called persister cells that adopt a slow- or nongrowing lifestyle through the emergence of small colony variants and are highly tolerant to extracellular stresses, such as antibiotic treatment. (medscape.com)
This extracellular matrix assists bacteria in adhering to surfaces and can be formed by some bacterial strains when they change from a free-living 'planktonic' form to a sessile form for example on the surfaces of teeth, heart valves, lungs but also on implants, in skin wounds or when floating on moist surfaces such as sewage or even disinfectant footbaths. (ivis.org)
A biofilm is a collection of bacteria and/or fungi that exists in a multicellular or community form, encased in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix that they themselves synthesise. (thepigsite.com)
Over the next few hours or days there is growth and division of the attached bacteria followed by the production of extracellular polymer substances (EPS). (thepigsite.com)
Biofilm is a complex matrix consisting of extracellular polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins that protect bacteria from a variety of physical, chemical, and biological stresses allowing them to survive in hostile environments. (intechopen.com)
The extracellular matrix of mycobacterial biofilms: could we shorten the treatment of mycobacterial infections? (microbialcell.com)
However, these components are not necessarily the constituents of the extracellular matrix of mycobacterial biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
Interestingly, lipids (mainly keto-mycolic acids) are proposed to be the primary component of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the pellicle biofilm, whereas the leukocyte lysate-induced and thiol reductive stress-induced biofilms possess polysaccharides as the primary component of EPS. (microbialcell.com)
Bacteria are generally studied in the research laboratories as single cell suspensions called as planktonic cultures, however, in nature, bacteria primarily exist as a community encased in a self-produced extracellular matrix called as biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
Enzymes capable of cleaving essential components of the biofilm matrix, e.g. polysaccharides or extracellular DNA, and thus weakening the biofilm architecture have been identified. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
They form when planktonic bacteria adhere to moist surfaces and encase themselves in an extracellular matrix. (umd.edu)

In our research the biofilm community formation phenomenon has been confirmed, marked differences in biofilm formation, depending on the intensity (in this case, concentration) of the promoter and bacteria species. (iimmun.ru)
Unrelated phenotypic differences in biofilm formation and lung colonization as well as variations in genome size, all within different sources of P. aeruginosa were discovered and could lead to variations in morbidity and mortality related to P. aeruginosa infections in CF. A key factor in alginate regulation is AlgU/AlgT, a sigma factor that also impacts the expression of many other involved proteins. (marshall.edu)

This gives the slimy nature of the biofilm, and contains many sugars such as fructose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine. (thepigsite.com)
The recalcitrance of bacteria in biofilms has been attributed to the impermeable nature of the biofilm matrix and to the presence of non-growing or very slowly-growing populations of bacteria called persisters. (databasefootball.com)

One of the most intriguing and clinically relevant features of microbial biofilms is their significantly higher antibiotic resistance relative to their free-floating counterparts, which generates serious consequences for therapy of biofilm-associated infections. (medscape.com)
[ 10 ] Multiple biofilm-specific mechanisms are operated simultaneously in a reversible and transient manner contributing to the high levels of antibiotic resistance of biofilms, and these are distinct from the well-characterized intrinsic resistance mechanisms (e.g., expression of antibiotic-degrading enzymes, inducible decrease in antibiotic influx, inducible increase in antibiotic efflux and alteration in antibiotic target sites) employed by planktonic cells. (medscape.com)
If the time required for an antibiotic to penetrate biofilms is longer than the duration of antibiotic treatment, the slower penetration will explain the antibiotic resistance. (medscape.com)
and the replenishment of biofilm matrix proceeds at a rate slower than the adsorption/reaction/diffusion of antibiotic molecules. (medscape.com)
[ 16 ] After antibiotic treatment, only persister cells may survive, creating the reservoirs of surviving cells that may regrow to cause a relapsing chronic infection, which has been clearly described for cystic fibrosis-associated lung infections caused by P. aeruginosa [ 17 ] and for candidiasis by C. albicans . (medscape.com)
Indeed, biofilm is a significant factor in the failure of a sore to heal as biofilm is highly organized and its protects bacteria from antibiotic therapy and a patient's immune response. (dermatologytimes.com)
We developed this biodegradable antibiotic pellet so we could put it directly into the ear - where the actual infection is. (medgadget.com)
As a result the addition of N-Acetylcysteine in our antibiotic pellet would be likely to increase the chance of eradicating middle ear biofilms and speed up the resolution of glue ear. (medgadget.com)
In addition to getting more antibiotic into a biofilm, these drug-loaded bubbles will allow us to deliver new types of drugs, e.g. antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). (ukri.org)
The bacteria released from the biofilm are known as 'planktonic' and are more susceptible to conventional antibiotic treatments. (ukri.org)
The antibiotic minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for ten antimicrobial compounds, along with the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), followed by PCR identification of genetic determinants of biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
The results suggest that the antibiotic susceptibility patterns cannot be applied to biofilm established infections. (biomedcentral.com)
The physiopathology of diabetic foot infections (DFI) is complex, but its severity and prevalence are a consequence of host-related disorders and pathogens-factors, as virulence and antibiotic resistance traits [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Adding it to treatment lowers the amount of antimicrobial needed to be effective, helping slow the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. (umd.edu)
The phenotype of S . Typhi biofilm cells is significantly different from the free-swimming planktonic cells, and studies have shown that they are associated with antibiotic resistance, immune system evasion, and bacterial persistence. (biomedcentral.com)
The results showed that the genes associated with metabolic processes and biofilm regulations were down-regulated while those associated with the membrane matrix and antibiotic resistance were highly up-regulated. (biomedcentral.com)
Second is the immense growth of biofilms and becomes more resistant to any antibiotic and antimicrobial agents. (bioeng.ca)
Recurrent pharyngeal infections are common and are thought to be due to the re-emergence of intracellular GAS upon completion of antibiotic treatment. (lu.se)
Her research aims to tackle biofilm formation in recurrent and catheter associated urinary tract infections, using antioxidants to circumvent antibiotic resistance and decipher how these antioxidants influence host-pathogen interactions in the bladder. (whiteley.com.au)
A microbiologist with extensive immunology experience, Arthika has worked in various projects ranging from studying CAR T cells to antibiotic resistant biofilms. (whiteley.com.au)

The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)

[ 14 ] The penetration of oxacillin and cefotaxime (β-lactams), and vancomycin and teicoplanin (glycopeptides) is significantly reduced through Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, whereas that of amikacin (aminoglycoside), and rifampicin and ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) was unaffected. (medscape.com)
The findings demonstrated that the LAB-CFS treatment considerably slowed Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) growth and prevented it from forming biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
One of the most prevalent foodborne infections, Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), is highly dangerous and endangers both human and animal health ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Staphylococcus aureus is by far the most frequent species isolated from these infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus have been commonly associated with persistent infections 3-5 .Special attention has been given to Enterococcus faecalis, a tough Gram-positive bacterium, which has a much higher incidence in cases of endodontic treatment failure 6-7 . (bvsalud.org)

However, influenza A virus (IAV) infection releases virulent pneumococci from biofilms in vitro and in vivo. (lu.se)
In vitro biofilm formation has been explained in detail for spp. (eprf.ca)
In this study, the in vitro lytic activity of 18 Campylobacter-specific group II phages and 19 group III phages were examined singly, and in different combinations from the same group and from both groups using a planktonic killing assay. (bvsalud.org)
They have developed in-vitro microsystems that can detect and measure ("characterize") biofilm, and in-vivo microsystems for biofilm treatment. (umd.edu)
Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)
Dive into the research topics of 'Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)
In my research, we investigated the novel effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on biofilm formation and matrix disruption using an in vitro glass bladder model. (whiteley.com.au)
None of the antibacterials exerted a significant effect on the in vitro susceptibility of the yeasts to the antifungal agents or on their ability to form biofilms. (bvsalud.org)

A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria within a biofilm communicate by quorum sensing leading to phenotypic modifications and changes in gene expression. (thepigsite.com)
These physiological states represent phenotypic changes in bacteria in response to stress and, hence, are reversible. (databasefootball.com)
The biofilm resident bacteria also display phenotypic drug tolerance and thus it has been hypothesized that the drug unresponsiveness in vivo could be due to formation of biofilms inside the host. (microbialcell.com)
Taken together, the phenotypic and genotypic analysis of the regulation of alginate may further lead to treatments to prevent biofilm formation and subsequent CF host colonization with P. aeruginosa . (marshall.edu)

4,5,6] and there is evidence of in vivo MAP3K11 biofilm formation following experimental infections [7,8]. (eprf.ca)
The bacterium spreads rapidly through contaminated water sources and intestinal infections - a cycle that is promoted by the formation of biofilms. (elifesciences.org)
Each component performs a specific role, which is partly determined by its position during the formation of the biofilm. (elifesciences.org)
In addition, the formation of phagocyte agglomerations around biofilms can lead to capsule formation and interfere with wound healing. (ivis.org)
Formation of a biofilm starts with adherence of bacteria followed by production of the polysaccharide matrix. (thepigsite.com)
Control of biofilms is difficult and addresses preventing initial formation and removing existing biofilms. (thepigsite.com)
The formation of a biofilm is not a random process. (thepigsite.com)
Investigating Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation and its potential role in pathogenesis in the lab of Dr. Karen Ottemann. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Genetic requirement and transcriptomics of Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation on abiotic and biotic surfaces. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation and its potential role in pathogenesis. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Biofilm formation requires three different stages: cell attachment to a solid substrate, adhesion, and growth. (intechopen.com)
Any drug impairing crucial processes for bacterial life will inevitably lead to the development of drug-resistant strains, whereas the inhibition of biofilm formation might prevent the onset of bacterial resistance. (intechopen.com)
Quorum sensing plays an important role in regulating the biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
There are many approaches being used to control infections by suppressing its formation but CRISPR-CAS (gene editing technique) and photo dynamic therapy (PDT) are proposed to be used as therapeutic approaches to subside bacterial biofim infections, especially caused by deadly drug resistant bad bugs. (biomedcentral.com)
iii) colony formation and biofilm maturation. (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolic activity of the bacterial biofilm communities have altered as compared to the planktonic one such as increased rates of EPS production, activation or inhibition of particular genes associated with biofilm formation and decreased growth rate [ 39 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Formation of biofilms in mycobacteria can be defined as similar as other biofilms communities. (biomedcentral.com)
Panels of studies have reported the role of various molecules in the biofilm formation and maintenance of its composition. (biomedcentral.com)
Glycopeptidolipids are indispensable for initial surface attachment during biofilm formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis [ 111 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
It is estimated that 80% of all (and likely 100% of chronic) infections are biofilm related as biofilm formation is the preferred bacterial life style. (blogspot.com)
A number of components of the mycobacterial cell wall such as glycopeptidolipids, short chain mycolic acids, monomeromycolyl diacylglycerol, etc. have been shown to play an important role in formation of pellicle biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
Several structural and secreted virulence factors play a role in S. aureus infections, which are multifactorial and depend on bacterial adherence and biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
In the study the latest data took into account on the subject, especially concerning adverse effects of oxygen on the growth of bacterial cells and directs action as a factor in the formation of biofilms. (iimmun.ru)
The formation and stabilization of biofilms are mediated by diffusible autoinducers (e.g. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Our work not only uses microfluidic systems as a discovery platform to investigate biofilm behavior, but also develops future technologies such as flexible substrates and devices that we hope soon will be able to combat the formation or treatment of disease in patients," Ghodssi says. (umd.edu)
Chemical compounds called quorum sensing inhibitors can interrupt the pathways by which bacteria communicate, preventing biofilm formation. (umd.edu)
When used within a microfluidic, micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) platform, the hydrogel permits researchers to assemble bacteria in ways that mimic the formation of a biofilm, then apply stimuli and measure responses in three dimensions. (umd.edu)
However, the mechanism of this transition and the events leading to biofilm formation are unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
This data provide a basis for further studies to uncover the mechanism of biofilm formation in S . Typhi and to discover novel genes or pathways associated with the development of the typhoid carrier state. (biomedcentral.com)
Biofilm formation in catheters can often result in encrustation and occlusion of the catheter, resulting in lack of urinary drainage and severe dissemination of infection. (whiteley.com.au)
The susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole and the biofilm formation of the yeasts were tested before and after exposure to the antibacterials. (bvsalud.org)
Biofilm/formation. (bvsalud.org)

In the pig industry, they are important in reducing antibacterial and disinfectant efficacy, causing the persistence of infections in houses and systems, in blocking water systems and probably have a direct role in pig disease. (thepigsite.com)
We describe a case of recurrent coccidioidal meningitis in which a fungal biofilm on the tip of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt tubing was likely responsible for a 4-year persistence of Coccidioides immitis, despite the patient's taking an adequate dosage of fluconazole. (cdc.gov)
Fungal biofilms should be considered as a cause for treatment failure and fungal persistence, especially when artificial prostheses or indwelling catheters are present. (cdc.gov)
It is one of the major causes of infection persistence especially in nosocomial settings through indwelling devices. (biomedcentral.com)
Once S. aureus adheres to host tissues, it can form biofilms, which enable its persistence by allowing bacteria to evade host defences, impeding access to certain types of immune cells, such as macrophages, which display incomplete penetration into the biofilm matrix and "frustrated phagocytosis" [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
It has been hypothesized that the transformation of this organism from the planktonic to the biofilm phenotype leads to persistence and development of the carrier state in man. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, internalization and persistence of planktonic bacteria varied significantly between strains, whereas biofilm bacteria were internalized in similar and higher numbers, and all strains persisted beyond 44 hours, showing a more homogenous phenotype. (lu.se)
The M3 protein, but not the M1 or M5 proteins, was required for optimal uptake and persistence of both planktonic and biofilm bacteria inside cells. (lu.se)
Streptolysin S was required for optimal uptake and persistence of M3 planktonic bacteria, whereas SpeB improved intracellular survival of biofilm bacteria. (lu.se)

I previously showed that bacteria persist both in biofilms and intracellularly, in biofilm pods, in the middle ears of children who have chronic and recurrent otitis media. (thelimbic.com)
The biofilm-associated infections caused by even drug-sensitive bacteria are very difficult to treat, and patients tend to have recurrent infections [2]. (databasefootball.com)
Together these results provide a better understanding of the potential mechanisms of uptake and survival of various phenotypes of GAS bacteria relevant for colonization and recurrent infection. (lu.se)

The study was performed against three biofilm building pathogens, mainly Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis , and Serratia marcescens . (yeastinfectionadvisor.com)
The impact of biofilms on microbial infection stems from their ability to protect pathogens from antimicrobial drugs and disinfectants (intrinsic resistance), to help to retain nutrients and to protect microbes from host immune responses (antibodies can penetrate biofilms and phagocytes engulf them but the resulting immune reactions are reduced). (ivis.org)
A number of non-tuberculous mycobacterium species are opportunistic pathogens and ubiquitously form biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
All these approaches lead to the destruction of the biofilm but not the killing of the pathogens. (helmholtz-hzi.de)

Biofilms are conglomerations of bacteria (or certain fungi) within a 'slime' of polysaccharides, proteins and DNA. (ivis.org)
The biofilm matrix consists of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA and constitutes a stubborn source that protects bacteria from a variety of physical, chemical, and biological stresses. (intechopen.com)
Various antibacterial agents are ineffective in combating biofilms, since bacteria produce large amounts of polysaccharides - substances that help the colony stay without disintegration. (iimmun.ru)

The microbial community is also a natural source of metabolites and has the potential to be used to create antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents. (frontiersin.org)

Sequencing libraries were prepared from S . Typhi planktonic cells and mature biofilm cells using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform, and the transcriptome data obtained were processed using Cufflinks bioinformatics suite of programs to investigate differential gene expression between the two phenotypes. (biomedcentral.com)

These data help explain pneumococcal virulence after IAV infection and have important implications for studies of S. pneumoniae pathogenesis. (lu.se)
The microenvironment within biofilms includes signaling channels that facilitate bacterial communication and possibly exchange of resistance genes (acquired resistance) and lead to a change in gene expression and production of virulence factors that are not typically expressed by planktonic forms. (ivis.org)
A significant part of the breast microbiota includes lactic acid bacteria, whose cell-free supernatant (LAB-CFS) may prevent bacteria from secreting virulence factors and lessen their pathogenicity ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
Here, live respiratory epithelial cells were inoculated with broth-grown or biofilm bacteria of different M-types, as well as with isogenic mutants lacking common virulence factors. (lu.se)

Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
Non-motile bacteria cannot recognize surfaces or aggregate together as easily as motile bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms also can produce chronic infections when they form on the surfaces of medical appliances such as catheters and prostheses ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
Bacteria can be found in planktonic form or in specific conditions, as sessile aggregates on both biotic and abiotic surfaces originating complex structures known as biofilm. (intechopen.com)
Many bacteria grow on surfaces forming biofilms. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
It is proposed that the biofilm phenotype of S . Typhi allows the bacteria to increase production of the membrane matrix in order to serve as a physical shield and to adhere to surfaces, and enter an energy conservation state in response to the stressful environment. (biomedcentral.com)

When I listened to our professors, some 30 years ago, talking about infectious diseases or microbes, biofilms were never mentioned. (blogspot.com)

I n 2015, Microbiologists Rajasekharan and associates at PRIST University, India published a study concerning Arctium lappa and urinary tract infections. (yeastinfectionadvisor.com)
Nitric oxide (NO) is produced as part of the host immune response to bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are a major issue in hospitals and age-care facilities. (whiteley.com.au)

I have always been excited to unravel the underlying disease pathogenesis in chronic infections that don't respond well to standard treatments. (thelimbic.com)

Transcriptomic and genetic approaches to identify genes associated with H. pylori biofilm growth. (skander-hathroubi.net)

We've been working with Professor Anne Chang for a while now to understand the microbiology underlying chest infections in kids with PBB or bronchiectasis. (thelimbic.com)

In clinical settings, biofilms are often found growing on various medical devices such as catheters implanted in patients. (databasefootball.com)
Biofilms easily form on implanted medical devices like catheters, prosthetic joints, and dental implants. (umd.edu)
Urinary catheters, some of the most commonly inserted medical devices, are susceptible to biofilm forming from bacteria in the urine at a rate of 5-7 percent per day. (umd.edu)
The most recent device, which can be placed in urinary catheters, can do it all-detect, measure and treat biofilms. (umd.edu)
They are of particular interest in addressing biofilms adhering to devices such as catheters. (umd.edu)

Some bacteria species are not able to attach to a surface on their own successfully due to their limited motility but are instead able to anchor themselves to the matrix or directly to other, earlier bacteria colonists. (wikipedia.org)
The three species of Candida build biofilms as well. (yeastinfectionadvisor.com)
Bacteria are typically found as communities made up of several different species rather than as isolated, solitary organisms in nature ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Growth pattern of Mycobacterium species are different such as M. chelonae and M. fortuitum form biofilm as vertical and entire surface growth, respectively [ 93 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Evidence of Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Mycoplasma species, Chlamydia pneumoniae, human herpesvirus-1, -6 and -7 and other bacterial (Ehrlichia/Anaplasma, Babesia, Coxiella, Bartonella) and viral (Herpes Simplex, TBA-virus) infections revealed high infection rates in the patients affected by the above listed illnesses that were less likely or not found at all in controls. (blogspot.com)
Cutibacterium (formerly known as Propionibacterium ) species are nonsporulating, gram-positive anaerobic bacilli that are considered commensal bacteria on the skin. (medscape.com)
This work led to the definition of a new genus for cutaneous bacteria, Cutibacterium , which accommodates the former cutaneous species and allows differentiation from other Propionibacterium species, including those present in dairy products and cattle rumen. (medscape.com)

They are substances that are formed when bacteria or fungi tries to anchor on a surface with a sticky substance and also serves as its protection from its environment and golf courses. (bioeng.ca)
Fungi are occasionally found in the primary infection of root canals, but occur more frequently in teeth obturated with lesions refractory to treatment. (bvsalud.org)

During surface colonization bacteria cells are able to communicate using quorum sensing (QS) products such as N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL). (wikipedia.org)
Nasopharyngeal colonization occurs in biofilms and precedes infection. (lu.se)

In the end, we have described the biofilms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis. (microbialcell.com)

S. aureus produces large biofilm formations that support its pathogenicity and confer protection and subsequently drug resistance ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Although less well studied, medically important fungal biofilms also exist and have similar properties of antimicrobial resistance and attachment to indwelling medical appliances ( 3 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
While in the gallbladder, the bacteria forms a biofilm on either the gallstones or gallbladder epithelium, providing a stable environment for growth and survival of the bacteria, and resulting in increased resistance towards the host's immune system and antimicrobial agents [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The study has rapidly progressed in the past decade and has contributed to a heightened understanding of biofilm's role in antimicrobial resistance and infection. (bioeng.ca)
Due to the resistance of biofilms to antimicrobial penetration, increased emphasis is now given to removal of adequate volumes of tissue with debridement and the use of anti-biofilm compounds. (whiteley.com.au)

Biofilm, also called slime, in the flow boundary skin layer of rapid swimmers (e.g. barracuda) can effectively subdue turbulence and thus prevent energy loss. (blogspot.com)
Stage two is when biofilms produce a stickier, stronger slime that holds greatly on surface and weather shear forces. (bioeng.ca)

Quorum sensing and bacterial biofilms. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Going beyond the Control of Quorum-Sensing to Combat Biofilm Infections. (helmholtz-hzi.de)

The capacity of S. aureus to build biofilms is correlated with the severity of infections ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

In vivo biofilm is easily destroyed by mechanical action (shaking test tubes with the medium). (iimmun.ru)

We have done this previously by demonstrating biofilm involvement in otitis media - here and here - and this has led to a clinical trial which is now underway. (thelimbic.com)
We already have a clinical trial for this in otitis media, and there are also promising vaccine candidates that specifically target respiratory biofilms which have the potential to be gamechangers. (thelimbic.com)

The formulation of wound care dressings that tackle biofilm are based on principles of allowing the antimicrobial agent to more effectively penetrate through the biofilm to kill cells, Dr. Wolcott explains, noting in some designs that includes a chelating agent. (dermatologytimes.com)

It is not new, but the recognition of biofilm involvement in infectious diseases is fairly new. (dermatologytimes.com)
Can infectious biofilm be controlled by blocking bacterial communication? (helmholtz-hzi.de)
There is a need for non-invasive, real-time selective and sensitive detection of biofilms that can aid infectious disease practitioners in the treatment of biofilms on indwelling medical devices," says Dr. Rodney Donlan of the Biofilm Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. (umd.edu)
It is led by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and developed with the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), the American Hospital Association (AHA), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of organizations and societies, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Pediatric Infectious Disease Society (PIDS), and the Surgical Infection Society (SIS). (cdc.gov)

It is hard to say, but we are hopeful that this won't be too far away given recent advances in the development of antibiofilm therapies, including treatments that target the host-microbial interactions that are likely essential for biofilm maintenance. (thelimbic.com)
The researchers also developed a lab-on-a-chip hydrogel-controlled environment to monitor biofilm activities and test treatments. (umd.edu)

This study focused on the changes in biofilm activity and related metabolic pathways of S. aureus treated with lactic acid bacteria planktonic CFS (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm state (LAB-bf-CFS). (frontiersin.org)
Conversely, the planktonic phenotype allows the bacteria to produce flagella and increase metabolic activity to enable the bacteria to migrate and form new colonies of infection. (biomedcentral.com)

The differentially expressed genes and proteins linked to S. aureus biofilms have been identified using transcriptomic and proteomic investigations ( 14 - 17 ). (frontiersin.org)
Interestingly, thiol reductive stress-induced Mtb biofilms are held together by cellulose and yet unidentified structural proteins. (microbialcell.com)
In the beginning of an infection, S. aureus produces numerous surface proteins, called "microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules" (MSCRAMM) that mediate adherence to host tissues. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacteria have evolved all sorts of mechanisms that give them a survival advantage in hostile environment. (thelimbic.com)
To protect against the damage caused by nitrosative stress, bacteria possess multiple defence mechanisms involving scavengers, detoxifying enzymes and evasion strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
Biofilm growth plays an important role during infection by providing defence against several antagonistic mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacteria also have mechanisms to dissolve their biofilms and return to planktonic lifestyle. (helmholtz-hzi.de)

abstract = " Streptococcus pyogenes causes a multitude of local and systemic infections, the most common being pharyngitis in children. (lu.se)

In alternative medicine, the roots have been used to cleanse the blood and liver, reduce inflammation and control bacterial infections. (yeastinfectionadvisor.com)
The SCVs too have been implicated in recurrence of various bacterial infections. (databasefootball.com)

Only a few compounds responsible for the signalling of these processes are known, but they may open a completely novel line of biofilm control. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
A long-term, interdisciplinary research collaboration at the University of Maryland's A. James Clark School of Engineering has made real progress in creating chemical compounds, developing new kinds of materials, and designing and building microsystems that can both detect and treat these infections. (umd.edu)
Electroceuticals use electric fields to generate toxic compounds that kill biofilms and can be used in specialized wound dressings. (umd.edu)

The presence of biofilm in wounds makes wound care increasingly complex, and dressings need to be designed to penetrate through biofilm. (dermatologytimes.com)

A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilm attaches and inflames the tissue in the host environment, and it uses plasma to nourish itself. (dermatologytimes.com)

The enzyme flavohemoglobin, coded by the hmp gene, is involved in protecting bacterial cells from the toxic effects of NO and represents a potentially interesting target for development of novel treatment concepts against resistant uropathogenic bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
In fact, in recent years there have been instances where patients had recovered from cancers but subsequently succumbed to infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria. (databasefootball.com)

Introduction Biofilm-associated infections are characterized by persistent (-)-Licarin B and progressive disease in which the inflammatory response surrounding the biofilm plays a significant role [1,2]. (eprf.ca)
They went on to suggest that Arctium lappa has potential use in antibiofilm strategies against persistent K. pneumoniae infections, with added effects against E. coli and Candida yeast as a big bonus. (yeastinfectionadvisor.com)
We report a case in which Coccidioides immitis produced a biofilm on a medical device, resulting in a persistent infection with major clinical consequences for the patient. (cdc.gov)

Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque, where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrophobicity can also affect the ability of bacteria to form biofilms. (wikipedia.org)
As single-celled organisms bacteria are exposed to a variety of stresses, but their ability to form multicellular structures called biofilms helps them to grow and survive in challenging environments. (elifesciences.org)
How do Biofilms Form? (thepigsite.com)
Free floating or planktonic bacteria encounter this monolayer and form a reversible, sometimes transient attachment to it. (thepigsite.com)
What do we know about how, when and why biofilms form? (thelimbic.com)
The biofilm matrix consists of polysaccharide layers that form around S. Typhi to protect the bacteria from its harsh environment. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, the aim of this research was to determine whether yeast present in CVC colonizations previously exposed to cell- wall targeted antibacterials benefit from a reduction in susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole, facilitating their ability to form biofilms. (bvsalud.org)
The ability of C acnes to adhere to and form a biofilm, particularly on prosthetics, for example, is characteristic of the infections that it may cause. (medscape.com)

Bacteria within the biofilm are protected from disinfectants and have a fundamentally reduced antibacterial sensitivity compared with planktonic, free-living, bacteria. (thepigsite.com)
However, bacteria present in biofilms can evade the antibacterial effect, forming a reservoir of infection. (databasefootball.com)

Biomasses of bacterial biofilms were determined by tube adherence assay and measuring the absorbance at 580 nm wavelength. (banglajol.info)

Our approach will harness the energy released when an ultrasound pulse bursts bubbles to help drive drugs deep into this "biofilm" and hence help kill bacteria more effectively. (ukri.org)
2. See if bubbles and ultrasound can be used together to deliver drugs into bacterial biofilms and kill bacteria more effectively. (ukri.org)
Doctors need far better ways to detect, measure and effectively treat biofilms. (umd.edu)

Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the potential impacts of planktonic bacteria (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm colonies (LAB-bf-CFS) on the metabolism of S. aureus biofilms. (frontiersin.org)

The surviving bacteria from biofilms can spread to various organs causing a relapse of disease. (databasefootball.com)
The bacteria then invade various organs, such as the intestinal lymph nodes, liver, gallbladder and the Peyer's patches, with patients frequently becoming chronic carriers [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

What's the current availability of specialised microscopy for biofilms? (thelimbic.com)

Investigating Esherichia coli macrocolony biofilms and their architectures. (skander-hathroubi.net)

Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
The binding of the positively charged aminoglycosides to the negatively charged biofilm matrix polymers of P. aeruginosa will delay the penetration of aminoglycosides, [ 13 ] while the penetration of fluoroquinolones occurs immediately and without delay. (medscape.com)
The synergy between the components dissolves the matrix and opens up the bacteria to other components. (dermatologytimes.com)
A structural switch controls the architecture of Vibrio cholerae biofilms by mediating the interactions between two matrix components. (elifesciences.org)
However, in spite of its toughness, the matrix must remain permeable to nutrients and flexible so that the biofilm can continue to grow. (elifesciences.org)
Because the lifecycle of V. cholerae depends on switching between planktonic and biofilm states, the components of the matrix must remain dynamic. (elifesciences.org)
demonstrated that far from being inert, the matrix components are dynamic structures that interact with each other to maintain the biofilm architecture. (elifesciences.org)
This affected the mechanical properties of the matrix, and the biofilms appeared smooth with a lower cell density. (elifesciences.org)
And does the position of RbmA in the matrix cause the architectural defects in mutant biofilms? (elifesciences.org)
Biofilms are an ensemble of microbial cells irreversibly associated with a surface and enclosed in an essentially self-produced matrix. (intechopen.com)
He said: "Bacteria in biofilms are held together in a strong matrix. (medgadget.com)
This matrix offers significant protection for the bacteria against antimicrobial medicines, and also makes it easy for them to spread through gene transfer. (umd.edu)

In nature, biofilms are ubiquitous and although biofilm-associated bacteria grow slower than their planktonic counterparts, biofilms help bacteria to thrive in difficult or even extreme conditions such as hot springs or on glaciers. (ivis.org)
Bacterial biofilms are ubiquitous in nature. (cdc.gov)

the effectiveness of fluoroquinolones on biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa is greater when compared with β-lactams, while both fluoroquinolones and β-lactams are less effective against biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa compared to planktonic cells. (medscape.com)
Antimicrobial activity of esomeprazole (0.25 mM) and imipenem (30 μg/ml) was tested independently and in combination against planktonic and biofilm associated cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . (banglajol.info)
P. aeruginosa , an opportunistic pathogen, establishes a chronic infection in CF with a phenotype of overproduction of an exopolysaccharide (alginate) due to host-directed mutagenesis. (marshall.edu)
P. aeruginosa small colony variants (SCVs) which prefer the biofilm mode of growth, thrive in harsh environmental conditions and are found in the chronically infected CF lung, were generated in the laboratory for further study. (marshall.edu)

Anatomy5

Organisms44

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs27

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science4

Health Care10

Free-floating p3

Antibiotics51

Pathogenic8

Microorganisms9

Regulating biofilm formation1

Involved in biofilm formation3

Strains of bacteria2

Extracellular13

Differences in biofilm formation2

Nature of the biofilm2

Antibiotic20

Cells growing in a1

Staphylococcus5

Vitro8

Phenotypic5

Formation32

Persistence9

Recurrent3

Pathogens4

Polysaccharides3

Anti-biofilm agents1

Mature biofilm1

Virulence4

Surfaces6

Microbes1

Urinary tract infe3

Chronic infections1

Genes associated1

Microbiology1

Catheters5

Species7

Fungi2

Colonization2

Mycobacterium1

Resistance5

Slime2

Quorum2

Build biofilms1

Vivo1

Otitis media2

Tackle biofilm1

Infectious4

Treatments2

Metabolic2

Proteins3

Mechanisms4

Abstract1

Bacterial infections2

Compounds3

Penetrate1

Attaches2

Resistant2

Persistent3

Form9

Antibacterial2

Adherence1

Effectively3

Colonies1

Organs2

Microscopy1

Macrocolony1

Matrix12

Ubiquitous2

Aeruginosa4