Physiological cardiac hypertrophy. Medical search. Frequent questions

Rationale: Pathological hypertrophy commonly leads to heart failure (HF) and loss of cardiomyocytes, while physiological hypertrophy protects the heart and enhances cardiomyogenesis. (researchgate.net)
Res effectively suppress the cardiomyocytes hypertrophy and apoptosis induced by ISO, characterized by the reduction of the myocardial cell surface area, the ANP gene expression, the LDH and MDA leakage amount and the rate of cell apoptosis, while decrease of the protein expression of GRP78, GRP94 and CHOP, and reverse the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. (karger.com)
In addition to in vitro experiments with primary cardiomyocytes and cell lines, we also use mice with cardiac-specific metabolic gene alterations. (unl.edu)
Feric, N. T. & Radisic, M. Maturing human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in human engineered cardiac tissues. (nature.com)
Energy starvation in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes is believed to occur as a result of a combination of factors, such as the reduction in the ratio in the surface area between capillaries and cardiomyocytes and increased myocyte diameter, see Figure 1 3 . (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Angiotensin (Ang) II induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) or HL-1 cells in vitro. (beds.ac.uk)
After AREG downregulation, the increases of Ang II induced cardiac weight and cardiomyocytes area were inhibited. (beds.ac.uk)

In summary, Res treatment effectively suppressed myocardial hypertrophy and apoptosis at least partially via inhibiting ER stress. (karger.com)
The increasing population with HCM genotype with little or no detectable myocardial hypertrophy along with the increased risk for cardiac events even in these individuals are important aspects that emphasize the stringent need to improve early diagnosis of HCM in the young. (dissertations.se)
In these studies, we sought to investigate indices of early cardiovascular changes in young individuals with or without myocardial hypertrophy on echocardiography. (dissertations.se)
AREG downregulation reduced myocardial hypertrophy via inhibition of oxidative and apoptosis. (beds.ac.uk)
Myocardial hypertrophy can cause congestive heart failure, and is the main cause of incidence rate and mortality worldwide [ 1 ]. (beds.ac.uk)

Cell-based functional screening against 18 selected phosphorylation sites identified three phosphorylation sites (Ser-98, Ser-179 of Ldb3, and Ser-1146 of palladin) displaying near-complete inhibition of cardiac hypertrophic growth of NRVMs. (molcells.org)
Moreover, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibition also restored IGF-1-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in polycystin-1-deficient cells. (cas.cz)

However, their roles in exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy are unclear. (researchgate.net)

Extracellular small non-coding RNAs (exRNAs) have been associated with cardiac inflammation and fibrosis and we hypothesized that they are associated with post-MI LVRm phenotypes. (researchgate.net)
Histologically, the CREBA133 hearts demonstrated both atrophic and hypertrophied fibers as well as significant interstitial fibrosis. (nih.gov)
In summary, this present study would probe the influences of AREG on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and quest whether AREG regulates cardiac hypertrophy through affecting oxidative stress and apoptosis. (beds.ac.uk)
Pathological hypertrophy PaH is characterized by interstitial fibrosis, cell death and reactivation of fetal gene expression. (ujhelyijeno.hu)

Activation of IGF-1 receptors and Akt signaling by systemic hyperinsulinemia contributes to cardiac hypertrophy but does not regulate cardiac autophagy in obese diabetic mice. (utah.edu)
The crucial indicator was revealed to the researchers in studies on mice, in which the aorta had been artificially narrowed, thereby triggering the development of hypertrophy. (mpg.de)
We observed a clear increase in RhoGEF12 activation in the cardiac muscle cells of these mice, " said Nina Wettschureck, who carried out the study in collaboration with Mikito Takefuji. (mpg.de)
The Max Planck researchers then used genetically modified mice in which RhoGEF12 could be switched off in cardiac muscle cells in their hypertrophy model. (mpg.de)
Four weeks after the beginning of the treatment, the cardiac wall thickening in these mice was clearly less advanced than in animals with RhoGEF12," explains Wettschureck. (mpg.de)
And in fact, a partial reduction of the thickening was observed in mice with existing cardiac hypertrophy in which RhoGEF12 was switched off. (mpg.de)
A pathological cardiac hypertrophy model, junctate-1 transgenic mice and control mice, were analyzed using label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics to identify differentially phosphorylated proteins and sites. (molcells.org)
Flux map showing cardiac pathways modeled in obese mice. (unl.edu)
Here we show that transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative form of the CREB transcription factor (CREBA133) under the control of the cardiac myocyte-specific alpha-MHC promoter develop dilated cardiomyopathy that closely resembles many of the anatomical, physiological, and clinical features of human IDC. (nih.gov)
Between 2 and 20 wk of age, these mice develop four chamber cardiac dilatation, decreased systolic and diastolic left ventricular function, and attenuated contractile responses to the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol. (nih.gov)
We now show that deletion of the gly96/IEX-1 gene in mice is associated with development of elevated blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy, and diminished fractional shortening of the left ventricle. (elsevierpure.com)
To elucidate mechanisms, we inoculated gnotobiotic mice with these bacteria and found that they can produce beta-hydroxybutyrate, supporting cardiac function post-MI. (bvsalud.org)
Importantly, mice with an alternatively spliced form of SCN5A had cardiac dysfunctions similar to those observed in DM patients, suggesting that alternative splicing of SCN5A may contribute to DM cardiac dysfunctions. (rna-seqblog.com)
In the second model, we developed mice with overexpression of the Ca2+ entrance channel, the L-type calcium channel (LTCC), which leads to pathological hypertrophy over time. (temple.edu)
We instituted a chronic exercise regimen on these mice to learn if physiological hypertrophy can ameliorate detrimental aspects of pathological hypertrophy. (temple.edu)
When mice with LTCC overexpression were exercised, they exhibited enhanced cardiac function. (temple.edu)

Background: The heart grows in response to pathological and physiological stimuli. (researchgate.net)
Differences between pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy: novel therapeutic strategies to treat heart failure. (google.hu)

Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) is a condition defined by an abnormal enlargement of the cardiac muscle surrounding the right ventricle. (wikipedia.org)
Although presentations vary, individuals with right ventricular hypertrophy can experience symptoms that are associated with pulmonary hypertension, heart failure and/or a reduced cardiac output. (wikipedia.org)
Hypertrophy of individual myocytes results in an increase in right ventricular wall thickness. (wikipedia.org)
Right ventricular hypertrophy can be both a physiological and pathophysiological process. (wikipedia.org)
The term "athlete's heart" is used to define the pattern of morphological, functional and electrical changes that result from intensive training including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). (acc.org)
45 mm), while athletes with physiological LVH have concomitant enlargement of the left ventricular cavity. (acc.org)
Some experts feel that left ventricular cavity size is the single most important discriminator between physiological LVH and HCM. (acc.org)
Using a variety of techniques including animal models of ventricular hypertrophy, gene knockouts, and hemodynamic analyses - Min and collegues have successfully identified some key proteins involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy as well as potential drug targets and therapies for treating the disease 3,4,5 . (adinstruments.com)
Min regularly uses ventricular pressure-volume (PV) analyses to characterize and study cardiac hypertrophy. (adinstruments.com)
PV Loops are generated by inserting a pressure-volume catheter into the left or right ventricle of the heart and plotting the real-time ventricular pressure against ventricular volume over a complete cardiac cycle. (adinstruments.com)
Min explains that during the early stages of cardiac hypertrophy, the changes in ventricular pressure and volume cause the PV Loop data to take on a distinctive shape. (adinstruments.com)
My PhD studies at Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS in Warszawa, Poland, focused on the role of long-chain fatty acids metabolism in different models of left ventricular hypertrophy, and have borne fruit in several highly cited publications, a considerable amount of conference proceedings, domestic and EU scientific grants and scholarships, and an international patent. (unl.edu)
Further evaluation including cardiac magnetic resonance imaging did not diagnose right ventricular pathology in any athlete. (edu.au)
After indexing by cardiac length, s′ was only higher in ATH in the mid-ventricular septum (p=0.041). (bmj.com)
Hochschule Kaiserslautern, University of Applied Sciences [email protected] Left ventricular LV hypertrophy can be defined as a physiological or pathological adaptive response to increased cardiac load. (ujhelyijeno.hu)
The short-term beat-to-beat variability of cardiac action potential duration (SBVR) occurs as a random alteration of the ventricular repolarization duration. (unideb.hu)
Three distinct AP morphologies were used: human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac myocyte (hES-CM) APs with a relatively slow upstroke and canine endocardial and epicardial ventricular myocytes with rapid upstrokes.Results: All three APs elicited both early and late INa. (unideb.hu)
and to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and sudden death. (msdmanuals.com)
Long QT Interval Syndromes The long QT interval syndromes (LQTS) result from any congenital or acquired disorder of cardiac ion channel function or regulation (channelopathy) that prolongs ventricular myocyte action potential. (msdmanuals.com)

While PV Loops may appear to be a relatively simple-looking graph, they can provide you with a wide array of information regarding cardiac function and performance, and can even be used to evaluate certain cardiac diseases. (adinstruments.com)

Hypertrophy was estimated by measuring the cell surface area and the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) gene expression. (karger.com)
Has special interest in the following subjects: gene therapy, aerobic exercise training, physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy, microRNAs and viral vector. (fapesp.br)
In vascular tissues, expression of the gene is induced by mechanical stretch, and overexpression of the gene prevents injury-induced vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy and neointimal hyperplasia. (elsevierpure.com)
Ablation of the gly96/IEX-1 gene results in hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting a novel role for this gene in cardiovascular physiology. (elsevierpure.com)
Yet, the deaths related to cardiovascular disease still ranks the top among all causes of deaths in industrialized countries ( 5 ), calling for further understanding of cardiac gene regulatory networks. (amegroups.org)

Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is a mechanism by which myocardial mass is increased to compensate for any elevated physical demands placed upon the heart, thus ensuring that adequate perfusion of body tissues is maintained during these periods. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Recently, we showed that polycystin-1 participates in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy elicited by pressure overload and mechanical stress. (cas.cz)
Interestingly, polycystin-1 knockdown does not affect phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, suggesting that the effects of polycystin-1 are stimulus-dependent. (cas.cz)
Polycystin-1 knockdown completely blunted IGF-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. (cas.cz)
Our findings provide the first evidence that polycystin-1 regulates IGF-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through a mechanism involving protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. (cas.cz)
Increased diastolic function and decreased systolic function determine pathological hypertrophy, which usually causes heart failure and is related to increased cardiomyocyte death [ 12 ]. (beds.ac.uk)
Combining biochemical and biophysical techniques with in vivo and in vitro measurements of cardiac/cardiomyocyte function, he aims to elucidate the still elusive HCM pathophysiology. (insidescientific.com)

Although the cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the heart that responds to a variety of extrinsic and intrinsic stimuli, prolonged hypertrophy typically culminates in chronic heart failure or sudden cardiac death. (karger.com)
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy begins with an adaptive response to increased workload. (beds.ac.uk)

The cardiac structural and functional parameters were measured with Echocardiography system at baseline and end of 12 week exercise training. (ac.ir)
Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, whereas arrhythmic events were recorded using 3-lead ECGs. (bvsalud.org)
Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and cardiac MRI, whereas arrhythmic events were monitored by telemetric ECG recorders. (bvsalud.org)

It becomes pathophysiological (damaging) when there is excessive hypertrophy. (wikipedia.org)
Members of the ADAM family contribute to various physiological and pathophysiological processes by modulation of molecules like growth factors or cytokines. (frontiersin.org)
The TRPC6 channel, a member of the Transient receptor potential (TRP) family, which is a non-selective cation-permeable channel, is activated by diacylglycerol and the like produced by activation of phospholipase C and exerts physiological and pathophysiological effects. (justia.com)

Afterwards, he switched to the department of Physiology as a postdoc to focus on the function of cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C). Combining biochemistry, mass-spectrometry and muscle mechanics, he identified a novel phosphorylation site on cMyBP-C, which was phosphorylated by GSK3β, and which increased the kinetics of contraction. (insidescientific.com)

Cardiac hypertrophy is the abnormal enlargement, or thickening of the heart muscle, in response to an increase in cardiac workload. (adinstruments.com)
Cardiac hypertrophy is typified by enlargement of myocardial wall mass and changes in the gross anatomical dimensions of the ventricles. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Restoration of calcium homeostasis (balance) prevented hypertrophy (enlargement of heart) and other physiological irregularities. (blogspot.com)

Cardiac hypertrophy is the result of responses to various physiological or pathological stimuli. (cas.cz)

Advancing functional engineered cardiac tissues toward a preclinical model of human myocardium. (nature.com)
HCM remains the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young people and athletes, probably due to fatal arrhythmias mainly caused by structural and functional changes in the myocardium leading to increased risk for major cardiac events. (dissertations.se)
Study III showed decreased regional perfusion in hypertrophied compared to non-hypertrophied myocardium and even lower perfusion in areas of fibrotic, hypertrophied myocardium in young HCM patients. (dissertations.se)
Despite the fact that the hypertrophied myocardium is initially capable of maintaining adequate blood flow to body tissues and organs, if this growth persists, the enlarged heart muscle progresses to an irreversible failing or de-compensated state1. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)

Characterizing excitation-contraction coupling in isolated cardiac myocytes has been essential to our understanding of heart function. (insidescientific.com)
Being so fully immersed in working with isolated cardiac myocytes, he reached the conclusion that the field needed a more standardized instrument, and in 2015 he set up Cytocypher, that developed the high throughput system for calcium/contractility measurements that is the subject of this webinar. (insidescientific.com)

Preventing young sudden cardiac deaths through awareness, screening and research, and supporting affected families. (c-r-y.org.uk)
Aims: Pre-participation cardiovascular screening of young athletes may prevent sports-related sudden cardiac deaths. (edu.au)

Its importance has been documented in a number of physiologic and pathologic conditions including neuronal and muscle development, lymphocyte activation, cardiac hypertrophy, switching of skeletal muscle fiber type, and expression of ion channels. (pancreapedia.org)

During the pathological development of cardiovascular diseases, cardiac hypertrophy plays a critical role. (karger.com)
Dr. Min Zi , a Researcher in the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences at Manchester University (UK), is one such scientist who is actively investigating these intra-cardiac factors. (adinstruments.com)
The results of present study demonstrates that after 12 weeks moderate intensity aerobic exercise some of cardiac structural and functional parameters in pediatrics will improve, As these changes can have an effective role in improvement of Pediatrics cardiovascular system. (ac.ir)
Cardiac hypertrophy is related to the adverse consequences of various states of cardiovascular disease. (beds.ac.uk)
The death certificate and the autopsy listed the immediate cause of death as "probable cardiac dysrhythmia while fighting fire" with a contributory cause of "hypertensive cardiovascular disease. (cdc.gov)

An angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy mouse model further verified the efficacy of DNJ in promoting cardiac mitochondrial function and alleviating cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. (jci.org)

Angiogenesis and cardiac hypertrophy: maintenance of cardiac function and causative roles in heart failure. (nih.gov)
Reperfusion treatment has a potential risk of worsening tissue damage after ischemia, which can accelerate the deterioration of cardiac function [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is characterized by abnormal cardiac structure and function in the absence of other cardiac risk factors and is often undiagnosed in patients with type 2 diabetes. (unl.edu)
The working hypothesis is that alterations in pyruvate metabolism will contribute to balancing redox state and alleviating oxidative stress leading to improvement of cardiac function during diabetes. (unl.edu)
Taken together, these results implicate CREB as an important regulator of cardiac myocyte function and provide a genetic model of dilated cardiomyopathy which should facilitate studies of both the pathogenesis and therapy of this clinically important disorder. (nih.gov)
Background Most studies on cardiac function in athletes describe overall heart function in predominately male participants. (bmj.com)
Conclusions We found differences between trained and untrained females in segmental systolic myocardial function, but not in global measures of systolic function, including cardiac synchrony. (bmj.com)
Endurance trained and untrained females had similar overall and regional cardiac function. (bmj.com)
Inoculation increased plasma ketone levels and provided significant improvements in cardiac function post-MI. (bvsalud.org)
In the mouse model, cotransplantation augmented the EC-accompanied vascularization in the grafts, promoted the maturity of CMs at the infarct area, and improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, in non-human primates, transplantation of ECs and CMs significantly enhanced graft size and vasculature and improved cardiac function after ischemic reperfusion. (bvsalud.org)
In contrast, physiological hypertrophy PhyH is associated with balanced increase of cardiac mass and enhanced function. (ujhelyijeno.hu)
Dr. Kuster's research has focused on understanding molecular changes that underlie cardiac muscle function, hypertrophy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (insidescientific.com)

The current treatment options for controlling hypertrophic growth involve targeting the extra-cardiac factors, such as high blood pressure. (adinstruments.com)
While this may be an effective treatment for some people, there are no clinically available treatment options that target the intra-cardiac factors mediating hypertrophic growth. (adinstruments.com)

This research aims to explore the effect of AREG on cardiac hypertrophy, and whether the oxidative stress and apoptosis was involved in the influence of AREG on cardiac hypertrophy. (beds.ac.uk)
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, plays an important role in the physiological development and pathological process of a variety of cells and tissues. (beds.ac.uk)

This provides a window of opportunity to slow or even reverse the progression of cardiac remodeling in these patients displaying the early stages of the disease. (adinstruments.com)
[ 7 ] In most individuals with chronic PH, the progression is gradual, allowing the right heart time for remodeling and hypertrophy in response to the increased pressure. (medscape.com)

It is generally believed that the early stages of hypertrophy can occur as a compensatory response to conditions such as chronic hypertension or valvular insufficiency. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)

Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research in Bad Nauheim have now identified a crucial interface in the signalling cascade that controls the emergence of cardiac hypertrophy at molecular level. (mpg.de)
A deeper understanding of the molecular processes that lead to cardiac hypertrophy offers hope for millions of individuals worldwide. (adinstruments.com)
A fundamental problem in the effective treatment of cardiac hypertrophy is our limited understanding of the key molecular processes involved in the development of the disease. (adinstruments.com)
Researchers from the CNRS have discovered the molecular mechanisms responsible for the heart dysfunctions that mark myotonic dystrophy, and reported they appear to be linked to a defective processing of the cardiac sodium channel (SCN5A) RNA. (rna-seqblog.com)
However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the cardiac defects, the second most common cause of death in DM, were not known. (rna-seqblog.com)

The Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Society (FNPS) stands at the forefront of research in this field, dedicated to unraveling the complexities of prenatal development through rigorous scientific inquiry. (fnps-society.org)
In summary, the Fetal and Neonatal Physiological Society (FNPS) plays a crucial role in advancing our understanding of prenatal development through rigorous scientific inquiry. (fnps-society.org)

Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious disease and threatens human health [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

The aim of this study was to effect of 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on cardiac structural and functional parameters in pediatrics. (ac.ir)

There are numerous processes that lead to pathological hypertrophy. (temple.edu)

Long noncoding-RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of cardiac development as well as pathological hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). (researchgate.net)
Cardiac hypertrophic signaling cascades resulting in heart failure diseases are mediated by protein phosphorylation. (molcells.org)
If left untreated, cardiac hypertrophy will eventually progress to heart failure (HF), a condition where the heart is no longer able to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. (adinstruments.com)
However, if the hypertrophic response persists, the heart enters a critical transition from compensatory to a patho-physiological de-compensatory state which eventually leads to heart failure. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)
Pathological hypertrophy leads to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. (temple.edu)
Initial symptoms are usually those of heart failure (eg, exertional dyspnea, fatigue, peripheral edema) although some patients present with symptoms of heart blocks and/or arrhythmias, including palpitations and/or syncope, or sometimes cardiac arrest. (msdmanuals.com)

RhoGEF12 controls cardiac remodeling by integrating G-protein- and integrin-dependent signaling cascades. (mpg.de)

Their study, published in Nature Communications , is titled " Splicing misregulation of SCN5A contributes to cardiac-conduction delay and heart arrhytmia in myotonic dystrophy . (rna-seqblog.com)
2016) Splicing misregulation of SCN5A contributes to cardiac-conduction delay and heart arrhythmia in myotonic dystrophy . (rna-seqblog.com)

The integration of in vitro cardiac tissue models, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and genome-editing tools allows for the enhanced interrogation of physiological phenotypes and recapitulation of disease pathologies. (nature.com)

To study the etiopathogenesis of this challenging and arrhythmias are major cardiac manifestation. (who.int)

Fig. 6: Calcium transient abnormalities on MYBPC3 -/- cardiac microtissues. (nature.com)

Mechanisms of physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy. (nih.gov)
Although physiological and pathological hypertrophy often involve distinct signaling mechanisms, miR-222 is an exercise-induced. (researchgate.net)

Prenatal development encompasses the intricate physiological processes that occur during pregnancy, shaping the growth and maturation of the developing fetus. (fnps-society.org)
Current sleep study evidence suggests that even before first tooth contact a series of physiological events occur which include activation of the autonomic cardiac system at minus 4 minutes, brain activity at minus four seconds, a rise in jaw opener muscle tone with 2 big breaths, and an increase in heart rate at minus one second. (medscape.com)

However, whether AREG participated in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy is still unclear. (beds.ac.uk)

The cause of HCM is a genetic mutation of the cardiac sarcomere (cardiac muscle cell). (blogspot.com)
Heart rate spectral analysis, cardiac norepinephrine spillover, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity during human sympathetic nervous activation and failure. (google.hu)
High levels are associated with muscle hypertrophy, whereas low levels are epidemiologically associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetes, which negatively impact muscle functions. (frontiersin.org)
After his PhD studying titin mechanics in cardiac muscle with Dr. Granzier, he has kept various academic appointments, at Boston University, the University of Oxford, and now the VU University Medical center in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. (insidescientific.com)
The present study is about management 8 years old male child with B/L lower limb weakness and calf muscle hypertrophy.etc, so according to Ayurvedic management with Panchkarma procedures and internal medicines given the case was managed. (who.int)

Although these in vivo models have provided a useful means of studying the factors involved in this cardiac condition in the whole heart. (europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com)

Therefore, SIRT3 has been demonstrated to play important roles in many neuronal physiological and pathological conditions [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

Overview of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathies Although any dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (see Overview of Cardiomyopathies) can produce cardiac and systemic factors that predispose to a number of different arrhythmias, including. (msdmanuals.com)

miR-21 was found to be highly deregulated in mouse cardiac tissue after cardiac ischemic preconditioning [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)

In cardiac hypertrophy, phosphorylation-dependent functional modulation of proteins, especially sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and sarcomere proteins, has been demonstrated. (molcells.org)
Researchers are investigating the underlying causes of the genetic mutation of the cardiac sarcomere. (blogspot.com)

Athletic hypertrophy has previously been described as occurring in approximately 2% of athletes and varies by gender. (acc.org)
demonstrated that some highly trained, elite athletes who developed LVH primarily increased septal thickness, which exceeded normal values (females up to 13 mm, and males up to 16 mm). 5 An athlete with wall thickness between 12 and 16 mm represents the so called "grey zone" between the physiological adaptation of the athlete and pathologic expression of HCM. (acc.org)
Distinguishing physiologic from pathologic hypertrophy for athletes can be difficult. (acc.org)
Although many athletes show benign abnormalities on the ECG, the presence of changes such as T-wave inversions, pathological Q-waves and ST-segment depression especially in Caucasian athletes is concerning for pathological cardiac hypertrophy. (acc.org)
In young athletes, the distinction between physiological and pathological hypertrophy is often very challenging. (dissertations.se)
Recognition of physiological electrocardiography (ECG) changes in healthy athletes has improved the specificity of screening while maintaining sensitivity for disease. (edu.au)
These findings give new insights into cardiac adaptation to endurance training and could also be of use for sports cardiologists evaluating female athletes. (bmj.com)
HCM is one of the many (and the most common) cardiac conditions that can lead to sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in athletes. (blogspot.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms7

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes14

Cardiomyocytes7

Myocardial hypertrophy5

Inhibition2

Exercise-induced physiological1

Fibrosis4

Mice16

Pathological and physiological2

Ventricular19

Regarding cardiac function1

Gene5

Cardiomyocyte7

Adaptive2

Echocardiography3

Pathophysiological3

Myosin-binding1

Enlargement3

Stimuli1

Myocardium4

Myocytes2

Sudden cardiac deaths2

Skeletal muscle fiber1

Cardiovascular5

Angiotensin1

Function13

Hypertrophic growth2

Apoptosis2

Progression2

Hypertension1

Molecular5

Neonatal2

Reperfusion1

Aerobic exercise1

Processes that lead1

Heart failure6

Protein1

Contributes2

Phenotypes1

Major cardiac1

Calcium1

Mechanisms2

Occur2

Regulation1

Muscle5

Vivo1

Neuronal1

Arrhythmias1

Ischemic1

Sarcomere2

Athletes8