In addition, using sequences of three mitochondrial genes, the phylogenetic relationships between every sample with a known karyotype were determined, which revealed significant nucleotide divergence among the karyomorphs. (scielo.br)
Modern genomic research generally focuses on the role of individual genes but the role of chromosomes and homologous synteny blocks (HSBs) is often disregarded. (ukri.org)
In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A total of 93 BAC clones were used to localize the chromosome complement of the species and 588 genes were annotated, thus almost reaching the 2.5% of the genome sequences. (metasystems-international.com)
As a result, important data about its genome organization and evolution were obtained, such as the lesser gene density of the large metacentric pair compared with the other metacentric chromosomes, which supports the theory of a sex proto-chromosome pair. (metasystems-international.com)
Together, these tools offer valuable predictions regarding historical events that have changed chromosome numbers and genome structures, as well as their phylogenetic and temporal placements. (plantcytogenomics.org)
For this study, we applied four different whole genome sequencing (WGS)-based subtyping methods: high quality single-nucleotide polymorphism (hqSNP) analysis, whole genome multilocus sequence typing using either all loci [wgMLST (all loci)] and only chromosome-associated loci [wgMLST (chrom)], and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) to a dataset of isolate sequences from 9 well-characterized Salmonella outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
The seven chromosome pairs of KJJ81 subgenomes exhibit highly conserved synteny, indicating a very recent hybridization event. (biomedcentral.com)
Chromosomal5
Also, the analyses indicate that chromosomal rearrangements occurred independently within the distinct lineages of S . marmoratus complex, which resulted in the appearance of distinct karyotypic variants in a non-linear fashion related to diploid numbers and in the appearance of similar non-homologous chromosomes. (scielo.br)
Our project intends to promote integration among cytogenetic, molecular systematic, classic systematic and biogeography approaches in order to study small rodents of Brazilian ecosystems and to understand their chromosomal and gene diversity as well as their phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes. (fapesp.br)
In this group of vertebrates, several new species have been described based on chromosomal characterization, since the importance of cytogenetic data is not only restricted to identifying the diploid number, morphology, structure and organization of sequences on chromosomes. (fapesp.br)
In the process, chromosomal fusions occurred in the equidae, causing karyotypes to evolve that range from 66 to 32 chromosomes, whilst preserving the same amount of DNA. (ivis.org)
We first describe the mechanistic processes underlying changes in chromosome numbers, focusing on structural chromosomal rearrangements. (plantcytogenomics.org)
Eukaryotes1
While providing strong phylogenetic signal, chromosome numbers vary remarkably among eukaryotes at all levels of taxonomic resolution. (plantcytogenomics.org)
Metacentric1
Chromosome piece of art together with Akodon paranaensis chromosome 21 (a smaller metacentric akodont gun) fresh paint exposed full homology with all the tiniest acrocentric Deltamys sp. (torkinibinhibitor.com)
Cytogenetically, the species of the genus Melipona show variation in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin along their chromosomes and can be separated into 2 groups: the first with low content of heterochromatin and the second with high content of heterochromatin. (karger.com)
In general, Melipona species have 2n = 18 chromosomes, and the species of each subgenus share the same characteristics in relation to heterochromatin regions, DAPI/CMA 3 fluorophores, and the number and distribution of 18S rDNA sites. (karger.com)
This kind of result widens the knowledge of this species' chromosome dynamics and evolution. (metasystems-international.com)
Cytogenetic3
Among the analyzed specimens, a large degree of cytogenetic variation related to diploid numbers and karyotype structure was observed, with karyotypes showing 2n=42, 44 and 46 chromosomes. (scielo.br)
Finally, the integration of both molecular cytogenetic and phylogenetic approaches allowed the determination of specific chromosomes possibly involved in rearrangements and a better understanding about the evolutionary processes involved in the differentiation of Synbranchus genus. (scielo.br)
To better understand the karyotype organization in Melipona and the relationship among the subgenera, we mapped repetitive sequences and analyzed previously reported cytogenetic data with the aim to identify cytogenetic markers to be used for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and chromosome evolution in the genus. (karger.com)
Mitochondrial2
Phylogenetic analyses, using the total collection (A single,140 bp) in the mitochondrial cytochrome t gene, gathered Deltamys sp. (torkinibinhibitor.com)
We will also develop molecular studies based on mitochondrial DNA sequences in order to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and to conduct phylogeographical analysis. (fapesp.br)
Meiotic2
The review provides a brief account of the structure of somatic and meiotic chromosomes, stressing the high conservation of structure in plants and animals, with emphasis on aspects that require further research. (biomedcentral.com)
We measured the meiotic recombination rate in two regions of chromosome 5, containing or not an NLR gene cluster. (metasystems-international.com)
Akodon1
In Akodon cursor, the frequencies of chromosome rearrangements along their geographical distribution in Atlantic Forest have provided information about their dispersal pattern and population differentiation. (fapesp.br)
Karyotypes1
These heterochromatin patterns and the number of chromosomes are characteristics exclusive to Melipona karyotypes that distinguish them from the other genera of the Meliponini. (karger.com)
Complement1
Each gamete has just one complement of chromosomes, each a unique mix of the corresponding pair of parental chromosomes. (wikidoc.org)
Learnt1
Since the genetic code was deciphered much has been learnt about the chromosome structure shared by all organisms from yeast to human. (biomedcentral.com)
Evolutionary1
This is despite the ubiquity of HSBs and the phenotypic consequences/evolutionary implications of chromosome rearrangement. (ukri.org)
Karyotype1
karyotype is actually our ancestors, with all the produced condition caused by a new combination fusion (DSP7 + DSP19) and the Y/autosome translocation giving increase on the multiple intercourse chromosome method. (torkinibinhibitor.com)
Recombination2
In meiosis , which is required in sexual reproduction , one diploid cell (having two instances of each chromosome, one from each parent) undergoes recombination of each pair of parental chromosomes, and then two stages of cell division, resulting in four haploid cells ( gametes ). (wikidoc.org)
Morgan, Sturtevant, Bridges and Muller constructed the first genetic linkage maps from recombination studies in crosses made in the fruit fly and from cytological preparations of its polytene salivary gland chromosomes [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Approaches1
Then, we focus on experimental procedures, encompassing comparative cytogenomics and genomics approaches, and on computational methodologies that are based on explicit models of chromosome-number evolution. (plantcytogenomics.org)
Describe1
Chromosome numbers have been widely used to describe the most fundamental genomic attribute of an organism or a lineage. (plantcytogenomics.org)
Molecular2
The future of molecular cytogenetics is likely to depend on a better knowledge of chromosome structure and function. (biomedcentral.com)
One of the purposes of this review is to encourage research into chromosome structure as this could help advance molecular cytogenetics. (biomedcentral.com)
Analysis2
Improvements in the resolution of chromosome analysis has followed closely the introduction of innovative technology. (biomedcentral.com)
Utilizing chromosome counts and flow cytometric analysis, cytotype distribution maps were generated. (pensoft.net)
Distribution1
Neanderthal man: Distribution, salient features and phylogenetic position. (successcds.net)
The phylogenetic trees consistently showed that N6 and VRC27 formed two highly divergent groups. (ostargloves.com)
Studies1
These studies reaffirmed that chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and germ cell divisions were common to all plants and animals. (biomedcentral.com)
Models1
Then, we created linear regression models and phylogenetic tanglegrams using the remaining three methods. (cdc.gov)
Linear1
Eukaryotic DNA is divided into several linear bundles called chromosomes , which are separated by a microtubular spindle during nuclear division. (wikidoc.org)
Numbers1
Changes in chromosome numbers regularly serve as indication of major genomic events, most notably polyploidy and dysploidy. (plantcytogenomics.org)
Single1
12,350 BC An evaluation of the 'Y' chromosomes of Native Americans points to a single migration of the founding population, which occurred between 10,100 and 17,200 years ago. (nuvoforheadlice.com)
Data1
J. K. Triplett and Clark, L. G., "Hybridization in the Temperate Bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Arundinarieae): A Phylogenetic Study Using AFLPs and cpDNA Sequence Data" , Systematic Botany, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 48-69, 2021. (iastate.edu)
Flow1
Providing your paint shaker with an adjustable oil flow minimizes the chance of mistakes during the mixing process. (nooitmeerindekou.nl)