- To address this issue, primary mouse cells, haploinsufficient for one or two proteins, ATM and RAD9, related to the cellular response to DNA damage were examined. (aacrjournals.org)
- The results show that cells having low levels of both ATM and RAD9 proteins are more sensitive to transformation by radiation, have different DNA double-strand break repair dynamics and are less apoptotic when compared with wild-type controls or those cells haploinsufficient for only one of these proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
- Our conclusions are that under stress conditions, the efficiency and capacity for DNA repair mediated by the ATM/RAD9 cell signaling network depend on the abundance of both proteins and that, in general, DNA repair network efficiencies are genotype-dependent and can vary within a specific range. (aacrjournals.org)
- It is not clear whether Rad1, Rad9 and Hus1 also have distinct functional activities independent of the heterotrimeric form. (biomedcentral.com)
- The S. cerevisiae checkpoint protein Rad17, the orthologue of human Rad1, forms a homocomplex in response to treatment with DNA damaging agents, and the complex is required for yeast survival after exposure to genotoxic agents [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Another conclusion from most of the cases is that animals or cells haploinsufficient for the specified proteins have higher transformation rates after DNA damage is induced, but when their DNA is not significantly damaged by exogenous sources, tumor development rates are the same as for their wild-type counterparts. (aacrjournals.org)
- To determine whether Rad1 functions to maintain genomic stability and prevent tumor development, we generated Mrad1 mutant mice by gene targeting. (biomedcentral.com)
- Research with yeast resulted in the identification from the conserved mammalian "mitochondria-shaping" protein. (tech-strategy.org)
- The Rad1 protein, evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans, exists in cells as monomer as well as a component in the 9-1-1 protein complex. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, we show that the yeast protein YDR275W/Tld1 (for TG-associated LD protein 1) localizes to a subset of TG-containing LDs and reveal it negatively regulates lipolysis. (bvsalud.org)
- The anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 relative Bcl-xL as well as the antagonist BH3 just proteins Bak/Bax had been proven to regulate mitochondrial form in healthful cells aswell such as cells going through apoptosis [13] [14]. (tech-strategy.org)
- Finally we shown that CTMP delayed PKB/Akt phosphorylation following cell death induction suggesting that CTMP regulates apoptosis via inhibition of PKB/Akt. (tech-strategy.org)
- ER stress cross-talks to the mitochondrial or intrinsic death pathway via p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (Puma) and JNK-dependent upregulation of the Death protein (DP5) [27]. (cgp60474.com)
- We are interested in understanding at the molecular level how recombination occurs and what roles are played by the many proteins involved in DNA recombination, repair and replication. (brandeis.edu)
- We are interested in determining what are the specific biochemical roles played by the many proteins implicated in DNA recombination, repair and replication. (brandeis.edu)
- Rad1 plays crucial roles in DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint control, but its contribution to carcinogenesis is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
- Conversely the dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1/DNM1) is definitely a cytosolic protein recruitment of which to the OMM from the anchored fission 1 protein (Fis1p/FIS1) adaptor initiates and settings the fission and distribution of mitochondria in cells [19]. (tech-strategy.org)
- Septins, a family of filament-forming GTP-binding proteins, are also involved in axial budding and are recruited to an incipient bud site, but the mechanism of recruitment remains unclear. (bvsalud.org)
- In contrast, TC-NER is initiated by blockage of elongating RNA polymerase II at photoadducted sites, followed by recruitment of the CSB (Rad26) and CSA (Rad28) proteins. (colinsbraincancer.com)
- The ER tension response, also called the unfolded proteins response (UPR), is certainly a complicated signaling network initiated to revive regular ER homeostasis by lowering protein fill and increasing proteins folding capability. (cgp60474.com)
- Eukaryotic cells have thus developed the extremely conserved DNA harm response (DDR), a significant branch which (the S stage checkpoint) works to decelerate DNA synthesis, thus providing more possibility to mitigate the genotoxic implications of replicative tension. (colinsbraincancer.com)
- In the last several years, heterozygosity leading to haploinsufficiency for proteins involved in DNA repair pathways was shown to play a role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis after DNA damage is induced. (aacrjournals.org)
- In the last few years, mounting evidence suggests that heterozygosity leading to haploinsufficiency for proteins involved in DNA repair pathways plays a role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. (aacrjournals.org)
- These data suggest a possibility that Rad1 in humans and mice might have distinct functions independent of the 9-1-1 heterotrimer. (biomedcentral.com)
- Distinct pools of LDs exist, but a pervasive question is how proteins localize to and convey functions to LD subsets. (bvsalud.org)
- During NHEJ, once a DSB is formed the broken ends are bound by Ku proteins (ku70 and ku80), which form a heterodimer and insulate the DNA ends from nucleolytic erosion [ 11 , 12 ]. (springeropen.com)
- We have identified the proteins necessary to carry out the initial steps in strand invasion and the beginning of new DNA synthesis, which is significantly different from the normal process of replication. (brandeis.edu)
- In addition cells have evolved a damage-sensing checkpoint system whereby the cells delay entry into mitosis until the break has been repaired. (brandeis.edu)
- We have shown that the invasion of DNA strands into a donor template region requires the action of the chromatin remodeling protein Rad54 that enables the recombination machinery to gain access to "closed" regions of DNA. (brandeis.edu)
- Previously NKP608 we recognized the Carboxy-Terminal Modulator Protein (CTMP) inside a two-hybrid search for PKB/Akt binding partners [20]. (tech-strategy.org)