• As it is impossible to buy nitric acid of any sensible concentration within the EU currently I thought I would have a go at a synthesis. (sciencemadness.org)
  • The new EU regulations only are for nitric acid (and 6 other non-acid compounds). (sciencemadness.org)
  • Can I make nitric acid without distillation using calcium nitrate and phosphoric acid? (sciencemadness.org)
  • Not attacked by nitric acid up to 100 °C, but vigorously attacked by mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids. (espimetals.com)
  • Mixtures of hydrofluoric (HF) and nitric acid are the most common and are generally the most effective. (assda.asn.au)
  • Commercially available mixtures contain up to about 25% nitric acid and 8% hydrofluoric acid. (assda.asn.au)
  • Nitric acid is most commonly used for this purpose. (assda.asn.au)
  • Available formulations contain up to about 50% nitric acid and may also contain other oxidisers such as sodium dichromate. (assda.asn.au)
  • Used correctly, a nitric acid treatment should not affect the appearance of the steel although mirror polished surfaces should be tested first. (assda.asn.au)
  • Except for sulfuric acid, only trace amounts of inorganic acids were detected on these samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Some of the common inorganic acids are: hydrogen sulfide, phosphoric acid, hydrogen chloride, and sulfuric acid. (silver-colloids.com)
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is considered a strong acid because it is present only in a completely ionized form in the body, whereas carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) is a weak acid because it is ionized incompletely, and, at equilibrium, all three reactants are present in body fluids. (medscape.com)
  • What ferrous material is fully resistant to hydrochloric acid? (finishing.com)
  • Production of Concentrated Phosphoric Acid Using Phosphate Rock with a High Iron and Aluminium Content. (fertilizer.org)
  • Substance obtained by treating phosphate rock with sulfuric acid or a mixture of sulfuric and phosphoric acids. (europa.eu)
  • The phosphate rock used for making phosphoric-acid contained 100 parts per million uranium (7440-61-1). (fluoridealert.org)
  • Hydrogen-fluoride and hydrogen-sulfide gases evolved during the production of phosphoric-acid since the phosphate rock contained both fluoride and sulfide. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Anodising in chromic, phosphoric or sulphuric acid. (roymech.co.uk)
  • We've got a few different flavors of anodizing processes , like sulfuric acid, chromic acid, oxalic acid, and phosphoric acid. (romancewiki.com)
  • An acid is a substance that can donate hydrogen ions (H + ). A base is a substance that can accept H + ions. (medscape.com)
  • Salts that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water are called alkali salts and salts that produce hydrogen ions when dissolved in water are called acid salts . (wikipedia.org)
  • Salts of strong acids and strong bases (" strong salts ") are non- volatile and often odorless, whereas salts of either weak acids or weak bases (" weak salts ") may smell like the conjugate acid (e.g., acetates like acetic acid ( vinegar ) and cyanides like hydrogen cyanide ( almonds )) or the conjugate base (e.g., ammonium salts like ammonia ) of the component ions. (wikipedia.org)
  • acid - A compound that dissociates to produce hydrogen (H+) cations when dissolved in water. (silver-colloids.com)
  • The strength of acidity of the compound depends on the number of hydrogen ions in the solution after its dissociation and H3PO4 releases only a few hydrogen ions in the solution which makes it a weak acid. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • I know distilling alkali nitrates with sulphuric acid is a well known route but sulphuric acid is also unavailable so I tried distilling syrupy phosphoric acid with potassium nitrate using a glass retort until oxides of nitrogen became obvious in the retort. (sciencemadness.org)
  • Acids can be classified as organic or inorganic. (silver-colloids.com)
  • An alternative, has been the use of microorganisms with the capability to solubilize RP and release soluble P through the production of organic acids, chelating oxo acids from sugars, reduction of pH and production of enzymes. (scialert.net)
  • Since the elements sulfur and phosphorus are essential for the fermentation of xylose using microbes, the researchers' combination of acids will play a fundamental role in the further conversion of xylose into other useful chemicals, such as the sugar substitute xylitol, lactic acid and ethanol. (nanowerk.com)
  • Next, we will convert the sugars into lactic acids by microbial fermentation using lactic acid bacteria," explains Wu. (nanowerk.com)
  • This lactic acid will be used for producing polylactic acid: a renewable and completely biodegradable biopolymer, that he says is stable at high temperatures and has broad applications. (nanowerk.com)
  • Microbial fermentation is the traditional method for lactic acid production, but it is still too expensive to compete with the petrochemical industry. (bvsalud.org)
  • The present study aimed to develop a method for the valorization of Zizania latifolia waste and cane molasses as carbon sources for L-lactic acid fermentation using Rhizopus oryzae LA-UN-1. (bvsalud.org)
  • The results showed that xylose derived from the acid hydrolysis of Z. latifolia waste was beneficial for cell growth, while glucose from the acid hydrolysis of Z. latifolia waste and mixed sugars (glucose and fructose) from the acid hydrolysis of cane molasses were suitable for the accumulation of lactic acid. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, a three-stage carbon source utilization strategy was developed, which markedly improved lactic acid production and productivity, respectively reaching 129.47 g/L and 1.51 g/L·h after 86 h of fermentation. (bvsalud.org)
  • This work demonstrates that inexpensive Z. latifolia waste and cane molasses can be suitable carbon sources for lactic acid production, offering an efficient utilization strategy for agro-industrial wastes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Physical state: an inorganic acid that is clear, colourless to light yellow syrupy liquid and is odorless. (paramountchemicals.com.au)
  • the carbonic acid, in turn, forms water and CO 2 . (medscape.com)
  • Very nice, makes me wonder whether using calcium nitrate (a common fertiliser) and phosphoric acid might work even better because of the low solubility of the product salt. (sciencemadness.org)
  • You see, oxalic acid has low solubility in the aluminum oxide film, which means the film ends up with low porosity. (romancewiki.com)
  • What is the purpose of adding phosphoric acid H3PO4 when preparing cyclohexene from cyclohexanol? (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • H3PO4 is a weak acid because it does not dissociate completely in its aqueous solution or water. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • For large acid concentrations, the solution is mainly dominated by the undissociated H3PO4. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • At 10-2 M, the pH is close to pKa = 2.14, giving an equimolar mixture of H3PO4 and H2PO4-….Phosphoric Acid H3PO4. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • The key to Wu and his team's success was the combination of acids they selected for hydrolyzing EFB: sulfuric (H2SO4) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). (nanowerk.com)
  • Passivation - oxidising acids or chemicals which remove impurities and enhance the chromium level on the surface. (assda.asn.au)
  • Conventionally, RP is chemically processed by reacting with sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid into soluble phosphate fertilizer. (scialert.net)
  • The plant produces DAP from merchant grade Phosphoric Acid and Ammonia. (gsfclimited.com)
  • The Phosphoric Acid from countries like Morocco, Tunisia and South Africa and Ammonia from Bahrain, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia arrives at Sikka jetty, from where it is transported by a pipeline to GSFC plants. (gsfclimited.com)
  • Thus, buffers work as a first-line of defense to blunt the changes in pH that would otherwise result from the constant daily addition of acids and bases to body fluids. (medscape.com)
  • Anions can be formed from nonmetals by reduction (see oxidation and reduction ) or from neutral acids (see acids and bases ) or polar compounds by ionization. (silver-colloids.com)
  • Anti-Corrosion - Ultra-Ever Dry offers enhanced corrosion protection since the superhydrophobic coating repels water, saltwater, aqueous acids, and bases. (spillcontainment.com)
  • In some experiments, for the synthesis of aspirin, instead of concentrated acetic acid, another derivative of carboxylic acid, acetic anhydride is used to form the ester. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • Acetic acid is another powerful cleaner that can dissolve hard water stains, but it should also be used with caution and in a well-ventilated area. (creativehomemaking.com)
  • Phosphoric acid is stronger than acetic acid, and so is ionized to a greater extent….Strong and Weak Acids and Acid Ionization Constant. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • As a biodegradable and renewable material, polylactic acid is considered a major environmentally friendly alternative to petrochemical plastics. (bvsalud.org)
  • Artificial scarification involves human use of one or more chemicals to mimic the natural stomach acids of frugivorous animals to promote germination. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chemicals such as sulfuric acid or even household chemicals can be used to affect this process. (wikipedia.org)
  • Common chemicals that don't require special permission in solution form: Acids: 25-75% phosphoric acid solution. (wikipedia.org)
  • VMF also produces phosphoric and sulphuric acids of different grades. (uralchem.com)
  • Professional Wheel Cleaner does not contain hydrofluoric, sulfuric or phosphoric acids, making it safer than conventional acid cleaners. (mothers.com)
  • Phosphoric(V) acid tends to be used instead of sulfuric acid because it is safer and facilitates a less complex reaction. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • Home household cleaners also use a safer and less strong chelant of phosphoric. (paramountchemicals.com.au)
  • Our Indian facilities include a custom smelter, a refinery, a phosphoric acid plant, a sulphuric acid plant and a copper rod plant. (vedantaresources.com)
  • Sterlite Copper a division of Vedanta Ltd., operates a 400,000 Metric Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) copper Smelter with associates facilities such as Refinery and copper Rod Plant, Sulphuric Acid plant of more 12,00,000 MTPA and a Phosphoric Acid of 220,000 MTPA at Thoothukudi, Tamilnadu. (vedantaresources.com)
  • 9~ yl)-1-methyl-ethoxymethyl]-phosphonic acid diisopropoxycarbonyloxymethyl ester (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Viread®) and (2R, 5S, cis)-4-amino-5- fluoro-l-(2~ hydroxymethyl-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)-(1H)-pyrimidin-2-one (emtricitabine, EmtrivaTM, (-)-cis FTC) and their physiologically functional derivatives. (gc.ca)
  • By adapting and optimizing an established technique to convert sugarcane bagasse and corn stover to the useful sugar xylose, a research team in Singapore, led by Jin Chuan Wu from the A*STAR Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, has experimentally extracted high yields of xylose from EFB ( 'Optimization of dilute acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch for high yield production of xylose' ). (nanowerk.com)
  • After hydrolysis and neutralization, these acid components can be used directly in a microbial fermentation. (nanowerk.com)
  • In previous EFB hydrolysis techniques, higher concentrations of acids were used, but the levels of sulfur and phosphorous were too high for the microbial fermentation stage. (nanowerk.com)
  • After discerning the right combination of mild acids, Wu and his team used computer modeling followed by supporting experiments to find the optimal conditions for hydrolysis. (nanowerk.com)
  • The conditions they optimized included the concentrations of the two acids, the reaction temperature, the dilution of the solution and the size of the EFB particles. (nanowerk.com)
  • Before that could happen, in June 2008, Uralchem announced that it had bought a 71.72% stake in Voskresenskiye Minudobreniya (Voskresensk Mineral Fertilizers), the fourth-ranked phosphate producer in Russia, and a dominant supplier of phosphoric acid to the Russian market. (johnhelmer.net)
  • The steel structure is an integral part of the company's wastewater treatment system that is used primarily for handling spent acids from pickling tanks (used to descale steel-alloy wire). (cdc.gov)
  • Examples of zwitterions are amino acids , many metabolites , peptides , and proteins . (wikipedia.org)
  • Of course phosphoric acid does work, it is not volatile, just like sulfuric. (sciencemadness.org)
  • Chemical scarification occurs commonly in nature in the course of endozoochory - when animals consume fruits and seeds and their stomach acids soften and begin to break down testae, rendering them more permeable to water. (wikipedia.org)
  • 25% phosphoric acid is commonly sold by grow shops. (wikipedia.org)
  • 75% phosphoric acid is commonly sold by homebrewing shops. (wikipedia.org)
  • The dehydration reaction of alcohols to generate alkene proceeds by heating the alcohols in the presence of a strong acid, such as sulfuric or phosphoric acid, at high temperatures. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • The phosphoric acid is a catalyst and as such increases the rate of reaction but does not affect the overall stoichiometry. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • What is the purpose of adding phosphoric acid to an esterification reaction? (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • What role does phosphoric acid play in this reaction? (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • Phosphoric acid is used to speed up the reaction and it acts as a catalyst. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • The production of phosphoric acid (PA) from phosphate ore deposits is essential because phosphorus is an essential element to all living systems, and especially for the plants. (intechopen.com)
  • Oxalic acid oxidation can cost three to five times more than sulfuric acid. (romancewiki.com)
  • It was found that the raw material that treated with phosphoric acid using physical activation at 550 oC for 30 minutes while the flow rate of carbon dioxide 0.8 ml/min shows the best surface area of 1440 m2/g. (edu.sa)
  • The role of the phosphoric acid is to protonate the alcohol ('step a' below), making it a viable leaving group. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • What happens when an alcohol reacts with phosphoric acid? (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • In the presence of a strong acid, an alcohol can be dehydrated to form an alkene. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • The acid used in this experiment is 85% phosphoric acid and the alcohol is cyclohexanol. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • Phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 acted as the catalyst, as it protonated the alcohol and turned it into a good leaving group. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • Unaffected at room temperature by most acids and by aqua regia. (espimetals.com)
  • Pickling - acids that remove impurities (including high temperature scale from welding or heat treatment) and etch the steel surface. (assda.asn.au)
  • Strong acids are those that are completely ionized in body fluids, and weak acids are those that are incompletely ionized in body fluids. (medscape.com)
  • Is phosphoric acid a strong acid? (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • Strong acids are 100% ionized in solution. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • Hypochlorous acid - generated from electrolyzed water. (mosaorganic.org)
  • If cyclohexanol is heated with a catalytic amount of phosphoric acid, elimination of water (dehydration) results in cyclohexene as the product. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • It is also used as an electrolyte in phosphoric acid fuel cells and when combined with distilled water in oxyhydrogen generators. (paramountchemicals.com.au)
  • it removes water hardness, milkstone deposits and other oxide films safely when compared with alternative acids.It is also used as a chemical oxidizing agent for activated carbon productions. (paramountchemicals.com.au)
  • The dehydration of cyclohexanol to yield cyclohexene Cyclohexanol is heated with concentrated phosphoric(V) acid, and the liquid cyclohexene distils off and can be collected and purified. (pfeiffertheface.com)
  • In dentistry, this acid is combined with zinc powder to form zinc phosphate, which is used as a temporary dental cement. (paramountchemicals.com.au)
  • 15% sulphuric acid - swimming pool sanitation chemical. (wikipedia.org)
  • One popular method is to use white vinegar, which is a natural acid that can dissolve mineral deposits. (creativehomemaking.com)
  • Detta tog sig konkret form i en fristående kurs i musikteori på 7,5 högskolepoäng med 12 studentplatser. (gu.se)
  • It has been observed that the acid leaching of red mud can almost completely recover the rare earth elements in the solution with various individual techniques and also a combination of them. (researchgate.net)