The primary mechanism of carbon dioxide assimilation in plants is through the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (also known as RuBisCO), that adds CO2 to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (a 5 carbon sugar), to form two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (2x3 carbon sugars). (wikipedia.org)
Crystal structure of activated ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxyge nase from green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii complexed with 2-carboxyarabinitol-1,5-bisphosphate. (bio.net)
Activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamine synthetase increased with altitude, whereas activities of malate dehydrogenase, NAD-malic enzyme, and citrate synthase did not show a significant difference with change in altitude. (csircentral.net)
PEPC4
The enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC, EC 4.1.1.31) and NADH- glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT, EC 1.4.1.14) are pivotal in N and C metabolism. (usda.gov)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is an enzyme with key roles in carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. (us.es)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is a tightly regulated enzyme that controls carbohydrate partitioning to organic acid anions (malate, citrate) that are excreted in copious amounts by cluster (proteoid) roots of. (botany.one)
Evidence suggests that guard cells have higher rate of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc)-mediated dark CO2 assimilation than mesophyll cells. (bvsalud.org)
After slaughter, tissue samples of the small intestinal mucosa (mid-duodenum and mid-jejunum) were taken for determination of mRNA concentrations of SGLT1 and GLUT2 as well as pyruvate carboxylase, cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and glucose-6-phosphatase by real-time reverse transcription PCR relative to a housekeeping gene. (nih.gov)
The pckA gene, encoding the gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), was cloned by PCR amplification from the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris No. 7. (asm.org)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) catalyzes the decarboxylation and phosphorylation of oxaloacetate (OAA) to form phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in most organisms. (asm.org)
In Escherichia coli , besides the PEPCK reaction, there is another pathway to form PEP from C 4 -dicarboxylic acid which involves the NAD- and NADP-dependent malic enzymes (MAEA and MAEB) and phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (PPS). (asm.org)
Pyruvate1
Abundance of SGLT1 mRNA tended to be higher in duodenal than in jejunal mucosa, and mRNA abundances of pyruvate carboxylase tended to be higher in jejunal than in duodenal mucosa. (nih.gov)
Photosynthetic1
Araus JL, Bort J, Brown HR, Basset C, Cortadellas N (1993b) Immunocytochemical localization of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics in ears of Triticum durum Desf. (springer.com)
PEPCase1
This study aims to isolate, identify and characterize the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene (PEPcase) and finding out the effects of indoleacetic acid and kinetin hormones on glucose productivity of sugarcane. (upm.edu.my)
Gene2
Isolation and in silico analysis of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene and effects of indoleacetic acid and kinetin on sucrose production of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. (upm.edu.my)
Analyses of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene structure and expression in alfalfa nodules. (usda.gov)
Escherichia1
The crystal structure of PEP carboxylase in multiple organisms, including Zea mays (maize), and Escherichia coli has been determined. (wikipedia.org)
The three most important roles that PEP carboxylase plays in plants and bacteria metabolism are in the C4 cycle, the CAM cycle, and the citric acid cycle biosynthesis flux. (wikipedia.org)
Guard cells1
Role of malate synthesis mediated by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in guard cells in the regulation of stomatal movement. (researchmap.jp)
Form1
PEP carboxylase plays the key role of binding CO2 in the form of bicarbonate with PEP to create oxaloacetate in the mesophyll tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Growth1
Knock-down of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 3 negatively impacts growth, productivity, and responses to salt stress in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (us.es)
Pyruvate11
2. Mass spectrometry analysis shows the biosynthetic pathways supported by pyruvate carboxylase in highly invasive breast cancer cells. (nih.gov)
5. Pyruvate-Carboxylase-Mediated Anaplerosis Promotes Antioxidant Capacity by Sustaining TCA Cycle and Redox Metabolism in Liver. (nih.gov)
8. Impaired anaplerosis and insulin secretion in insulinoma cells caused by small interfering RNA-mediated suppression of pyruvate carboxylase. (nih.gov)
10. Breast Cancer-Derived Lung Metastases Show Increased Pyruvate Carboxylase-Dependent Anaplerosis. (nih.gov)
14. Differences between human and rodent pancreatic islets: low pyruvate carboxylase, atp citrate lyase, and pyruvate carboxylation and high glucose-stimulated acetoacetate in human pancreatic islets. (nih.gov)
These observations suggest that the biotin administration ameliorates abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetic patients, presumably by enhancing the activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase, with a subsequent promotion of glucose utilization for the entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. (researchgate.net)
Biotin is known to regulate hepatic and pancreatic glucokinase expression at both transcriptional and translational levels, and to regulate hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression at the transcriptional level. (nih.gov)
Maize1
The maize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase promoter confers expression in the green tissues of the plant. (cbd.int)
Previous work has shown that phosphoenolp-strate) stabilized phosphoribulokinase in wheat leaf yruvate carboxylase was protected by phosphoenolpyruv-extracts as well as partially purified phosphoribulokin- ate and by magnesium ions ( Wedding and Black, 1987), ase from spinach. (123dok.net)