Phospho creatine from mitochondrial. Medical search. Frequent questions

Once inside the cells it is transformed into phosphocreatine by the enzyme complex creatine kinase. (wikipedia.org)
The presence of creatine kinase (CK-MB, creatine kinase myocardial band) in blood plasma is indicative of tissue damage and is used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. (wikipedia.org)
Expression of nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondria-associated adenylate kinase, and several mitochondria-associated creatine kinase isozymes was highest in the outer retina, whereas expression of cytosolic adenylate kinase and brain creatine kinase was higher in the cones, horizontal cells, and amacrine cells indicating the diversity of ATP-buffering strategies among retinal neurons. (molvis.org)
Creatine interacts with an enzyme process called creatine kinase (CK) where it picks up a phosphate molecule and becomes creatine phosphate also called phosphocreatine (CP). (tigerfitness.com)
Creatine kinase will then remove the phosphate molecule from CP and it is donated to ADP to create ATP. (tigerfitness.com)
Phosphagen (guanidino) kinases are enzymes that transphosphorylate a high energy phosphoguanidino compound, like phosphocreatine (PCr) in the case of creatine kinase (CK) or phosphoarginine in the case of arginine kinase, which is used as an energy-storage and -transport metabolite, to ADP, thereby creating ATP. (nih.gov)
Creatine Kinase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ucdenver.edu)
Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins. (ucdenver.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Creatine Kinase" by people in this website by year, and whether "Creatine Kinase" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ucdenver.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Creatine Kinase" by people in Profiles. (ucdenver.edu)
ATP binding site of mitochondrial creatine kinase: affinity labeling of Asp-335 with CIRATE F E B S Lett. (irakaufman.com)
Discrete subcellular localization of a cytoplasmic and a mitochondrial isozyme of creatine kinase in intestinal epithelial cells. (irakaufman.com)
We hypothesized modelling in vivo mitochondrial creatine kinase (mtCK)-dependent phosphate shuttling conditions in vitro would reveal increased sensitivity (lower K mapp ) following acute and chronic exercise. (mitophysiology.org)
Is there the creatine kinase equilibrium in working heart cells? (hal.science)
The results of calculations showed that at this high workload all creatine kinase isoenzymes function most of their time in the cardiac cycle in the steady state far from equilibrium. (hal.science)
This mathematical modelling shows that the validity of assumption of creatine kinase equilibrium is limited only to the diastolic phase of the contraction cycle in the working cardiac cells and only to the cytoplasmic compartment. (hal.science)
In the systolic phase, due to rapid release of ADP at increased workloads, all creatine kinase isoenzymes are rapidly shifted out of the equilibrium. (hal.science)
Mitochondrial creatine kinase functions permanently in "metastable" steady state (Jurgen Daut, Biochim. (hal.science)
Mitochondria were incubated in a medium containing 5.0 mM ATP, TCr pools of 0-1.5 mM, excess creatine kinase, and an ATP-splitting system of glucose + hexokinase (HK). (elsevierpure.com)
Creatine kinase catalyses the transfer of the phosphate group from the creatine phosphate substrate to ADP. (shockzone.pro)
Also, creatine, creatinine and/or creatine kinase (CK aka phosphocreatine kinase or creatine phosphokinase) levels are often checked for such things as evaluating muscle and renal function, so I would be interested if anyone happens to have lab results for those. (pwsnotes.org)
Creatine kinase (CK), inherited metabolic disorders (IMD), metabolic myopathies (MM). (pediatriconcall.com)
Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme whose function is to catalyze the combination of creatine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to form phosphocreatine and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), an essential step for cellular energy generation and metabolism. (pediatriconcall.com)
We investigate the hypothesis that reduced creatine kinase (CK) capacity and flux is associated with this transition. (ox.ac.uk)
Left ventricular developed pressure, creatine kinase, and infarct size were measured. (asahq.org)
Creatine kinase and infarct sizes were significantly reduced and left ventricular developed pressure was improved with APC in the young adult and middle-aged groups but not the aged group. (asahq.org)

Glucose is the major substrate for ATP synthesis through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), whereas intermediary metabolism through the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle utilizes non-glucose-derived monocarboxylates, amino acids, and alpha ketoacids to support mitochondrial ATP and GTP synthesis. (molvis.org)
Mitochondria-ATP provides nutrients and antioxidants to support mitochondrial functioning. (healthbodynutrition.ca)

Click here to purchase creatine monohydrate from Core Nutritionals. (tigerfitness.com)
An increase in muscle strength in high-intensity anaerobic and aerobic activities has been reported with the administration of creatine monohydrate. (medscape.com)
We opt to use creatine as tricreatine malate, instead of a creatine monohydrate or other form of creatine, when both creatine and malate play a role in supporting pathways or processes in a formulation. (neurohacker.com)
Creatine monohydrate is a nutritional supplement that has long been used by bodybuilders and athletes for performance enhancement and is something I've been considering for a while as a possible intervention for PWS because it not only improves muscle function but also brain function. (pwsnotes.org)

Confocal studies showed differential cellular and compartmental distribution of isozymes involved in glucose, glutamate, glutamine, lactate, and creatine metabolism. (molvis.org)
Creatine and Creatine Phosphate: medical and medical views is an updated precis of either the clinical and clinical points of creatine and creatine phosphate metabolism and therapy.It covers intimately the fundamental biochemistry, bioenergetics and biophysics of those brokers with specific emphasis on their position at the cardiovascular and muscle structures. (irakaufman.com)
B vitamins are important cofactors needed to fuel the Krebs cycle, while optimal serum levels of magnesium are associated with healthy mitochondrial metabolism and muscle function. (healthbodynutrition.ca)
The metabolic myopathies (MM) are a group of muscle disorders resulting from failed energy production related to defects in glycogen, lipid or mitochondrial metabolism. (pediatriconcall.com)

For individuals with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke (MELAS) syndrome and for those with other oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) disorders, metabolic therapies are administered to increase the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and to slow or arrest the deterioration of this condition and other mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. (medscape.com)
Meyer's electrical analog model proposed the concept that the τ is given by τ = R m ·C, where R m is mitochondrial resistance to energy transfer, and C is metabolic capacitance, determined primarily by the cellular total creatine pool (TCr = phosphocreatine + creatine). (elsevierpure.com)

Phosphocreatine, also known as creatine phosphate (CP) or PCr (Pcr), is a phosphorylated form of creatine that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle, myocardium and the brain to recycle adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. (ucdenver.edu)
glossy in vivo myocardial and skeletal muscle measurements are defined, and the significance of the molecules in cardiovascular drugs, game technology and cardiac surgical procedure are highlighted.This publication is designed for these drawn to the fundamental clinical heritage to creatine and creatine phosphate, and in addition for physicians treating or learning middle and vascular sickness. (irakaufman.com)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the J o kinetics of isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria at various levels of TCr and mitochondrial protein. (elsevierpure.com)
Creatine is named from the Greek word from meat ( kreas ), because it was originally discovered in skeletal muscle. (neurohacker.com)
Creatine is an important compound utilized by skeletal muscle to support ATP synthesis by enhancing levels of phosphocreatine. (healthbodynutrition.ca)
In periods of stress and injury, creatine aids in the regeneration and remodeling of skeletal muscle. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

Ydfors M, Hughes MC, Laham R, Schlattner U, Norrbom J, Perry CG (2015) Modelling in vivo creatine/phosphocreatine in vitro reveal divergent adaptations in human muscle mitochondrial respiratory control by ADP after acute and chronic exercise. (mitophysiology.org)
We developed approaches allowing for experimental assessment of force production, in vitro and in vivo microscopy, and mitochondrial respiration to demonstrate the versatility of the FDB. (biomedcentral.com)

Based on our work to date, we are also interested in understanding myocardial mitochondrial and vascular dysfunction as these have the potential to serve as novel therapeutic targets. (stanford.edu)
Initially these disorders were named according to symptoms (later the cause was found to be mitochondrial dysfunction and more specifically maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA variations). (medlink.com)
Arginine administration during the acute and interictal periods of the strokelike episodes of the MELAS syndrome may represent a potential new therapy to reduce brain damage due to mitochondrial dysfunction, and is one of the most promising therapies to date. (medscape.com)

They are either coupled to glycolysis (cytosolic form) or oxidative phosphorylation (mitochondrial form). (nih.gov)

Reducing equivalents produced in the Krebs cycle and in the beta-oxidation spirals are passed along a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane (the electron transport chain). (medlink.com)

In this review of what is probably the most heterogeneous group of human diseases (the mitochondrial diseases including encephalomyopathies), the author tries to offer the clinician a rational diagnostic framework. (medlink.com)

It might also aid brain function through increasing dopamine levels and mitochondrial function ( 18 , 19 , 20 ). (defatx.com)
Many studies have found that creatine could help with this disease after a test on mice with Parkinson's showed a 90% increase in dopamine levels. (insparya.es)
A higher concentration of creatine means there will be a higher concentration of dopamine and mitochondrial activity in your body. (insparya.es)

There have been some small trials of its use for mitochondrial disorders that present with encephalopathy and myopathy such as Kearns-Sayre syndrome and MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes), with some reporting benefit and some finding no benefit. (pwsnotes.org)

Here is where we get into how creatine supplementation is useful . (tigerfitness.com)
Creatine supplementation has the ability to delay fatigue caused by depleted phosphocreatine stores by increasing the storage of creatine phosphate. (tigerfitness.com)
So for sets under 30 seconds creatine supplementation will enhance power output. (tigerfitness.com)
The combination of resistance exercise and creatine supplementation has been shown to decrease body fat percentage in adults ≥ 50 years of age. (bvsalud.org)
To address this limitation, we systematically reviewed the literature and performed several meta-analyses comparing studies that included resistance exercise and creatine supplementation to resistance exercise and placebo on fat mass and body fat percentage Twelve studies were included, involving 266 participants. (bvsalud.org)
As the BBC article notes, there are reports of creatine supplementation affecting blood sugar levels and it also may have effects on kidney function. (pwsnotes.org)
In addition, the increase in phosphocreatine stores in the muscles due to creatine supplementation allows for a quicker replenishment of ATP, thereby providing a substantial energy reserve. (eatdrinkbetter.com)
A growing body of research demonstrates the potential benefits of creatine supplementation on cognitive functions. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

For example, creatine can boost protein synthesis, which can lead to the creation of new muscle fibers ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). (defatx.com)
Creatine has been shown to stimulate the release of anabolic hormones such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which promotes protein synthesis and supports overall cell health. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

Functional responses occurred without changes in fibre type or proteins regulating mitochondrial-cytosolic energy exchange (mtCK, VDAC, ANT). (mitophysiology.org)

In higher eukaryotes, CK exists in tissue-specific (muscle, brain), as well as compartment-specific (mitochondrial and cytosolic) isoforms. (nih.gov)
LV biopsies (AS and non-pressure-loaded heart biopsy) were analyzed for CK total activity, CK isoforms, citrate synthase activity, and total creatine. (ox.ac.uk)

Two other nutrients complement the muscle-building effects of whey: creatine supports muscle strength and prevents muscle wasting with aging, while the amino acid glutamine helps preserve lean tissue mass and supports immune system health. (lifeextension.com)
Supports cellular energy and mitochondrial health. (healthbodynutrition.ca)
Supports mitochondrial func- tioning. (healthbodynutrition.ca)

A key element in a few neurological disorders is a drop in phosphocreatine in the brain ( 11 ). (defatx.com)
After reminding the reader of the basic concepts of mitochondrial genetics, she offers examples of disorders due to mutations in mitochondrial DNA and mutations in nuclear DNA. (medlink.com)
Mitochondrial disorders describe a broad range of disorders that have multiple genetic causes and variable symptoms and signs. (medlink.com)
In general, mitochondrial disorders are disorders of energy production. (medlink.com)
In addition, many studies have found that taking creatine can help prevent neurological disorders. (insparya.es)
In addition to being beneficial for neurological disorders, creatine is also excellent for improving brain functioning , as this requires a certain level of ATP to work properly. (insparya.es)
Research has indicated a correlation between creatine and the neurotransmitter system, suggesting its role in regulating mood and reducing neurological disorders such as depression and anxiety. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

Phosphocreatine is able to donate its phosphate group to convert adenosine diphosphate (ADP) into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (wikipedia.org)
Creatine phosphate aids in the formation of a substance known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (defatx.com)
Phosphocreatine helps the adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the key molecule your cells use for energy and all primary functions of the body ( 24 ). (defatx.com)
Creatine, that ever-popular organic compound, is known above all for boosting the recycling of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the brain and muscles . (insparya.es)
By increasing the availability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - our body's primary energy source - creatine helps fuel muscle cells during high-intensity workouts or heavy lifting sessions, allowing for greater power output and more efficient recovery periods. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

A study suggests creatine decreases myostatin, a molecule responsible for stunting muscle growth ( 7 ). (defatx.com)
However, acute exercise increases, decreases or has no effect on K mapp in human muscle whereas chronic exercise surprisingly decreases sensitivity despite greater mitochondrial content. (mitophysiology.org)

Creatine can alter several cell pathways that lead to muscle growth. (defatx.com)

As meat is a substantial dietary source of creatine, vegans and vegetarians have low levels. (defatx.com)
So creatine as a dietary supplement may be more important to take as a supplement for vegans and vegetarians. (neurohacker.com)
This attribute further enhances its role in promoting longevity and maintaining overall health, especially among vegans who may lack adequate creatine levels due to their dietary habits. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

This is then released into the blood by the liver where it travels mainly to the muscle cells (95% of the body's creatine is in muscles), and to a lesser extent the brain, heart, and pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
Creatine supplements increase your muscles' phosphocreatine stores ( 23 , 24 ). (defatx.com)
Disodium Creatine Phosphate Tetrahydrate - Creatine phosphate in the form of disodium salt tetrahydrate is a high-energy phosphate reservoir found in vertebrate muscles. (shockzone.pro)
Creatine is involved in making energy for muscles. (medlineplus.gov)
These muscles each offer unique advantages across a host of methodologies including measuring isometric force production, susceptibility to muscle injury, mitochondrial respiration, protein content, and histology. (biomedcentral.com)

Fortunately, whey protein, creatine, and glutamine are available as meal replacements or supplements to provide the amino acids needed to help offset the age-related decline in muscle mass (sarcopenia) while supporting the muscle-building effects of resistance training. (lifeextension.com)
The body produces creatine from the amino acids methionine, glycine, and arginine and stores it as creatine phosphate (CP) or phosphocreatine. (defatx.com)
Creatine is a combination of three different amino acids: glycine, arginine, and methionine . (insparya.es)

Creatine can improve brain function ( 18 ). (defatx.com)
The main function of Phosphagen creatine stack is to enhance the ability to create energy. (shockzone.pro)
Creatine plays an important role in mitochondrial function, so the recent revelations about mitochondrial impairment in PWS have moved it towards the top of my research priority list. (pwsnotes.org)
Creatine is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in energy production, cell growth and repair, and brain function. (eatdrinkbetter.com)
An adequate supply of creatine is necessary for nerve cells to function optimally. (eatdrinkbetter.com)
For instance, creatine assists in regulating cellular calcium levels, which are crucial for various cellular processes, including signal transduction and mitochondrial function. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

Now besides the benefits of creatine as an energy source and its ability to increase power output, it also has several other benefits. (tigerfitness.com)

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, the combination of creatine, CoQ 10 and alpha lipoic acid supported energy production and antioxidant status within the mitochondria. (healthbodynutrition.ca)
Creatine HCl - a compound also known as: creatine hydrochloride, which is a combination of creatine and hydrochloride into a single molecule. (shockzone.pro)

HI-TECH Pharmaceuticals PHOSPHAGEN is an advanced creatine stack which enhances your body's training and regeneration capabilities. (shockzone.pro)
It is based only on proven forms of creatine which are highly valued on the market and extremely popular with athletes, i.e.: creatine hydrochloride, creatine nitrate and two forms of phosphocreatine which, by increasing the availability of phosphate groups and increasing the rate of regeneration of high-energy compounds, increase the efficiency of the body's energy economy. (shockzone.pro)

Phosphocreatine plays a particularly important role in tissues that have high, fluctuating energy demands such as muscle and brain. (wikipedia.org)
Creatine can stimulate several key biological processes, which are believed to boost muscle growth. (defatx.com)
Creatine is the world's most famous supplement for increasing muscle mass ( 8 , 9 ). (defatx.com)
In one study of a six-week training regimen, people who used creatine gained 2 kg more muscle mass on average than the separate control group ( 10 ). (defatx.com)
A complete analysis confirmed a clear increase in muscle mass for those taking creatine compared to those performing the same training routine. (defatx.com)
Creatine amplifies your phosphocreatine stores by allowing you to produce extra ATP power to fuel your muscle tissue during high-intensity workouts ( 26 , 27 ). (defatx.com)
This normal [creatine] in muscle cannot, therefore, account for the decreased PCr levels. (irakaufman.com)
Mitochondrial respiratory control by ADP (K mapp ) is viewed as a critical regulator of muscle energy homeostasis. (mitophysiology.org)
If you are into sports, it's likely that you've heard of this substance: creatine is a supplement used to improve sports performance and increase muscle mass. (insparya.es)
therefore, creatine helps replenish energy in brain and muscle cells . (insparya.es)
In addition to helping with energy, creatine also helps increase muscle mass , improving performance and strength in general. (insparya.es)
Creatine increases energy levels in muscle cells . (insparya.es)
In addition to improving performance by providing energy, creatine also alters the formation of muscle mass by increasing the pace . (insparya.es)
People commonly use creatine for improving exercise performance and increasing muscle mass. (medlineplus.gov)
Taking creatine by mouth seems to somewhat improve muscle strength in both younger and older adults. (medlineplus.gov)
Taking creatine by mouth for up to 12 weeks seems to improve muscle strength in older adults. (medlineplus.gov)
Using a novel approach, we also demonstrate methods for assessing mitochondrial respiration in the FDB, which are comparable to the commonly used gastrocnemius muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
Also, creatine improves muscle strength by promoting muscle hypertrophy. (eatdrinkbetter.com)
Additionally, creatine can be beneficial in preventing muscle atrophy and promoting muscle growth during aging, which can be particularly beneficial for older individuals aiming to maintain muscle mass and strength. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

Is there any scientific evidence that creatine promotes hair loss? (insparya.es)

The resting concentrations of ATP, PCr and total creatine (PCr + creatine) and the intracellular pH were not significantly different after immobilization. (duke.edu)

The compound is involved in various biological processes, such as mitochondrial health, which in turn, aids in preventing cellular damage and promoting longevity. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

This overview compared the world's most famous sports supplements and concluded that creatine is the best one available ( 9 ). (defatx.com)
Besides these health benefits, creatine is often less costly and far safer than most other sports dietary supplements. (defatx.com)
Creatine supplements can amplify phosphocreatine stores in your brain to produce more ATP. (defatx.com)
A study on creatine dietary supplements in vegetarians discovered a 20-50% improvement in memory and intelligence scores ( 18 ). (defatx.com)
The human body produces creatine but at very low levels, so taking creatine supplements increases its level in the body , which can provoke both positive and negative effects. (insparya.es)
Taking creatine supplements will mean there will be enough in the body to produce energy for longer periods. (insparya.es)
The majority of sports supplements in the US contain creatine. (medlineplus.gov)

I have noticed great changes with CoQ10 (when Kian was 2 months old), carnitine fumarate (started at 2 ½), and now creatine (Kian is almost 4). (pwsnotes.org)

Creatine is dose-dependent (see Neurohacker Dosing Principles ) in the range it's commonly used (up to about 5 grams a day). (neurohacker.com)
This combination of what we get in the diet and make (i.e., biosynthesis) is needed to offset the approximately 2 grams of creatine we lose everyday. (neurohacker.com)
Creatine 3-5 grams daily for 2-6 months has been taken safely in children 5-18 years of age. (medlineplus.gov)
Creatine 2 grams daily for 6 months has been taken safely in children 2-5 years of age. (medlineplus.gov)
Creatine 0.1-0.4 grams/kg daily for up to 6 months has been taken safely in both infants and children. (medlineplus.gov)

Creatine nitrate - a chemical compound formed by the juxtaposition of the creatine molecule with nitric acid. (shockzone.pro)

One of the main causes of neurological defects is the depletion of phosphocreatine in the brain. (insparya.es)

A methyl group is added to GAA from the amino acid methionine by the enzyme GAMT, forming non-phosphorylated creatine. (wikipedia.org)

Phosphocreatine can anaerobically donate a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP during the first five to eight seconds of a maximal muscular effort. (wikipedia.org)

The cell's ability to generate phosphocreatine from excess ATP during rest, as well as its use of phosphocreatine for quick regeneration of ATP during intense activity, provides a spatial and temporal buffer of ATP concentration. (wikipedia.org)
The annualized change in the creatine concentration in the posterior cingulate gyrus was statistically significant. (bvsalud.org)

HI-TECH Pharmaceuticals PHOSPHAGEN is a product belonging to the creatine stack group, which, thanks to its well-thought-out composition, significantly exceeds the framework of the given product category. (shockzone.pro)

If you have Parkinson disease and take creatine, use caffeine with caution. (medlineplus.gov)

The level of creatine in the brain was determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (bvsalud.org)
Taking creatine by mouth daily can increase creatine levels in the brain in children and young adults with conditions called GAMT deficiency or AGAT deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
But taking creatine doesn't seem to improve brain creatine levels in children who have a disorder in which creatine isn't transported properly. (medlineplus.gov)
Creatine serves as a primary energy source for the brain, helping to fuel critical processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

The truth is that creatine is quite the multi-tasker that can help with growth and strength on many levels. (tigerfitness.com)
Unfortunately, this process can leave creatine phosphate levels nearly entirely depleted. (tigerfitness.com)
Since creatine can improve these levels, it can help decrease or slow disease progression. (defatx.com)
People who have lower creatine levels when they start taking creatine seem to get more benefit than people who start with higher levels. (medlineplus.gov)
For example, studies have shown that individuals with higher creatine stores in their brains exhibit increased memory capacity and quicker reaction times than those with lower levels. (eatdrinkbetter.com)

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical features and genetic variant in a child with Cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome (CCDS). (bvsalud.org)
The cardiac contractile failure induced by chronic creatine and phosphocreatine deficiency. (irakaufman.com)

Despite being the most researched and proven supplement on the market creatine is surrounded by myths and questions. (tigerfitness.com)
Creatine has proven benefits for ALS patients, a condition that affects the motor neurons essential for movement. (defatx.com)

The reversible phosphorylation of creatine (i.e., both the forward and backward reaction) is catalyzed by several creatine kinases. (wikipedia.org)
The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. (ucdenver.edu)

When phosphocreatine stores are rapidly depleted, glycogenolysis is not able to make up for the decrease in energy production and power output will decrease. (tigerfitness.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms4

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs64

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes24

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Kinase26

Support mitochondrial2

Monohydrate4

Metabolism4

Metabolic2

Skeletal muscle7

Vivo2

Dysfunction3

Oxidative1

Electron trans1

Encephalomyopathies1

Dopamine3

Encephalopathy1

Supplementation8

Synthesis2

Proteins1

Isoforms2

Supports3

Disorders7

Adenosine Triphosphate5

Decreases2

Pathways1

Vegans3

Muscles5

Amino acids3

Function6

Benefits of creatine1

Combination of creatine2

Body's2

Muscle19

Promotes1

Total creatine1

Biological processes1

Supplements7

CoQ101

Grams5

Molecule1

Defects1

Enzyme1

Phosphate group1

Concentration2

Significantly1

Take creatine1

Brain4

Levels5

Deficiency2

Proven2

Reaction2

Energy production1