Phosphate strains hexose sugars into bacteria. Medical search. Frequent questions

the other capsular Haemophilus serotypes are composed of hexose rather than pentose sugars. (medscape.com)
Unfortunately, baker's yeast is unable to efficiently metabolize pentose sugars, particularly D-xylose, which accounts for up to 35% of total sugars in xylan-rich lignocellulosic biomass such as hard woods and straw [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (lookformedical.com)
Fucose is a monosaccharide that is commonly found in the cell walls of bacteria and is involved in the formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids. (lookformedical.com)
A hexose or fermentable monosaccharide and isomer of glucose from manna, the ash Fraxinus ornus and related plants. (lookformedical.com)

By crystallographic, biophysical and in vivo approaches, we show that AfuABC is in fact a cyclic hexose/heptose-phosphate transporter with high selectivity and specificity for a set of ubiquitous metabolites (glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate). (rcsb.org)
The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of mono sugars revealed that EPS was composed of manouronic acid, glucuronic acid, xylose, and fructose at a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5:1.0:2.0, respectively. (springeropen.com)
An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of D-mannose-6-phosphate to form D-fructose-6-phosphate, an important step in glycolysis. (lookformedical.com)

Many core structures have been described in the literature, this description is based on the traditional general structure (as found in enteric bacteria and Pseudomonas). (wikipedia.org)
Sugar-phosphates were present in normal and infected intestinal mucus and stool samples, indicating that these metabolites are available within the intestinal lumen for enteric bacteria to import during infection. (rcsb.org)

Our study shows that AfuABC-dependent uptake of sugar-phosphates plays a critical role during enteric bacterial infection and uncovers previously unrecognized roles for these metabolites as important contributors to successful pathogenesis. (rcsb.org)
Transformation was assessed by the standard parameters of morphological alteration, increased hexose uptake, loss of density inhibition, and anchorage-independent growth. (embl.de)

Results A lignocellulose degrading strain isolated from thermophilic compost was identified as Geobacillus stearothermophilus B5, which could secrete considerable enzymes at the optimal temperature (60°C) and pH (7.5). (researchsquare.com)
Caloramator celer is a strict anaerobic, alkalitolerant, thermophilic bacterium capable of converting glucose to hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon dioxide, acetate, ethanol and formate by a mixed acid fermentation. (biomedcentral.com)
Combining experimental results from batch fermentations with genome analysis, reconstruction of central carbon metabolism and metabolic flux analysis (MFA), this study shed light on glucose catabolism of the thermophilic alkalitolerant bacterium C. celer . (biomedcentral.com)

An industrial yeast strain for bioethanol production with lignocellulose hydrolysates has been developed in the genetic background of a strain widely used for commercial bioethanol production. (biomedcentral.com)
The strain uses glucose and D-xylose with high consumption rates and partial cofermentation in various lignocellulose hydrolysates with very high ethanol yield. (biomedcentral.com)
The GS1.11-26 strain shows highly promising potential for further development of an all-round robust yeast strain for efficient fermentation of various lignocellulose hydrolysates. (biomedcentral.com)
The inherently higher robustness and tolerance of S. cerevisiae to various inhibitors gives it a head start in programs aimed at developing strains with extreme inhibitor tolerance, able to efficiently ferment hexoses and pentoses in concentrated lignocellulose hydrolysates [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, analysis of the coordinate expression patterns indicated that transport proteins and hypothetical proteins may play a role in bacteria processing lignocellulose. (biomedcentral.com)

The LPS Cores of many bacteria also contain non-carbohydrate components, such as phosphate, amino acids, and ethanolamine substituents. (wikipedia.org)

Because the entire genome of a laboratory strain of H influenzae has been sequenced, additional insights into its molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis will undoubtedly be gained in the near future. (medscape.com)
An expression cassette containing 13 genes including Clostridium phytofermentans XylA , encoding D-xylose isomerase (XI), and enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway was inserted in two copies in the genome of Ethanol Red. (biomedcentral.com)
The genome size of E. coli strain K-12 MG1655 is 4,641,652 bp, corresponding to 4702 genes encoding 4328 proteins, 228 RNA genes, and 146 pseudogenes. (encyclopedia.pub)

Glucose is the essential carbon source for growing and cultivating heterotrophic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli , for laboratory and production purposes. (encyclopedia.pub)

Plant biomass is considered as an abundant renewable resource that can be transformed into fermentable sugars for biofuel production. (biomedcentral.com)

Core-OS are highly diverse among bacterial species and even within strains of species The core domain always contains an oligosaccharide component which attaches directly to lipid A and commonly contains sugars such as heptose and 3-deoxy-D-mannooctulosonic acid (also known as KDO or keto-deoxyoctulosonate). (wikipedia.org)
Although there are various species of bacteria, filamentous fungi and other yeast species that are naturally capable of efficiently metabolizing D-xylose, they lack the other crucial advantages of the yeast S. cerevisiae , which have made it the most prominent industrial microorganism. (biomedcentral.com)
N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine 6-Phosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. (ymdb.ca)

Additionally, numerous transporters with overlapping sugar specificities for monosaccharides increase the potential capability to transport glucose [ 6 ] , indicating the extraordinary capability and plasticity of transporting and growing glucose as a carbon source. (encyclopedia.pub)
3- carbon monosaccharides are called triose sugars. (studymode.com)
6-carbon monosaccharides are called hexose sugars. (studymode.com)

Many of the most highly expressed hydrolases belonged to a Ca . Bathyarchaeota strain and may have been associated with recycling of bacterial biomass. (frontiersin.org)
AfuABC is conserved across a wide range of bacterial genera, including the enteric pathogens EHEC O157:H7 and its murine-specific relative Citrobacter rodentium, where it lies adjacent to genes implicated in sugar sensing and acquisition. (rcsb.org)
Furthermore, the endophytic bacterial strains isolated from Arabidopsis exhibited differences according to the PNSB culture conditions. (bvsalud.org)

PEPCKs have been generally classified according to their nucleotide specificities: enzymes from bacteria, yeast, and plants mainly use adenosine nucleotides, but enzymes from a variety of eukaryotes and mammals use guanosine or inosine phosphates ( 24 ). (asm.org)
Strains deficient in all three enzymes cannot grow on C 4 -dicarboxylic acids as a sole carbon source, whereas strains retaining one of these enzymes are still able to grow ( 14 ). (asm.org)
Therefore, the dramatic changes of sugar type and concentration during the germination process undoubtedly regulates the enzyme activity and the pattern of gene expression of several enzymes [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These results demonstrate that the corn stover-adapted microbial consortium EMSD5 harbors a variety of lignocellulolytic anaerobic bacteria and degradative enzymes, especially those implicated in hemicellulose decomposition. (biomedcentral.com)
Le génome de C. phytofermentans code pour 171 enzymes qui dégradent les polysaccharides (CAZymes), soulignant l'ensemble complexe d'enzymes nécessaires pour transformer la biomasse en sucres. (cea.fr)
A group of enzymes that catalyze an intramolecular transfer of a phosphate group. (lookformedical.com)

A polysaccharide (PS) is a carbohydrate that was primarily produced by bacteria, fungi, microalgae, and streptomycetes. (springeropen.com)

From the six HXKs analyzed here, only ZmHXK9 has minimal hexose phosphorylating activity even though enzymatic function of all isoforms (ZmHXK4-9) was confirmed using a yeast complementation approach. (biomedcentral.com)
1. Ashwell, G. and Hickman, J. Enzymatic formation of xylulose 5-phosphate from ribose 5-phosphate in spleen. (qmul.ac.uk)

Hexoses often found in the outer core include: D-glucose, D-mannose, D-galactose, etc. (wikipedia.org)

Hexokinase (HXK) is a glycolytic regulatory enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible phosphorylation reaction of D-hexoses at the sixth carbon using ATP-Mg 2+ as a phosphate donor. (biomedcentral.com)

The pckA gene, encoding the gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), was cloned by PCR amplification from the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris No. 7. (asm.org)
Rhodopseudomonas palustris is a purple non-sulfide bacterium (PNSB), and some strains have been proven to promote plant growth. (bvsalud.org)

Azospirillum is another free-living, motile, Gram-variable, aerobic bacterium that can thrive in flooded conditions and promotes various aspects of plant growth and development. (bio-fit.eu)

Currently, the main role of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in wine is to conduct the malolactic fermentation (MLF). (frontiersin.org)
Often, they are instead the product of the metabolism of yeast and bacteria and are modified and released in wine during the fermentation processes. (frontiersin.org)
In simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of Arundo hydrolysate, GS1.11-26 produced 32% more ethanol than the parent strain Ethanol Red, due to efficient D-xylose utilization. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell extracts of strain GS1.11-26 displayed 17-fold higher XI activity compared to the parent strain, but overexpression of XI alone was not enough to establish D-xylose fermentation. (biomedcentral.com)
Nous cherchons à comprendre les systèmes qu'utilisent C. phytofermentans pour fermenter la biomasse en combinant les mesures à haut débit de l'expression des gènes comme la protéomique ( Tolonen and Haas, 2014 ), la transcriptomique ( Boutard et al, 2014 ), et la métabolomique avec des analyses de la croissance, la fermentation et la microscopie (figure 1A). (cea.fr)

The purpose of the present work was to develop such a strain from a prime industrial yeast strain, Ethanol Red, used for bioethanol production. (biomedcentral.com)

Mangrovibacterium diazotrophicum DSM 27148 is a mesophilic bacterium that was isolated from mangrove sediment. (dsmz.de)

Levilinea saccharolytica KIBI-1 is an anaerobe, mesophilic, Gram-negative bacterium that was isolated from sludge in a mesophilic UASB reactor. (dsmz.de)
Mesophilic microorganisms are not capable of producing H 2 at high yield being it reported in the range of 1-2 mol H 2 /mol hexose [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Notre recherche se concentre principalement sur le modèle microbien Clostridium phytofermentans , un mésophile des sols forestiers qui fermente des composants de la biomasse (cellulose, hémicelluloses, les pectines et amidon) en éthanol et hydrogène ( Warnick et al, 2002 Tolonen et al, 2013 ). (cea.fr)

The aim of the study was to clarify antioxidative effects of bilberry and chokeberry fruits alone and with addition of a LAB-strain, Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL19, in an I/R-model in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Diets consisted of standard chow supplemented with either bilberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus ) or chokeberry ( Aronia × prunifolia ) powder alone or in combination with the LAB-strain Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL19. (biomedcentral.com)
3. Hurwitz, J. and Horecker, B.L. The purification of phosphoketopentoepimerase from Lactobacillus pentosus and the preparation of xylulose 5-phosphate. (qmul.ac.uk)

The mutated Cphy3925 lost NAD(H)-dependent activities, but, unlike the mutated AdhE in C. thermocellum , the G609D mutation did not result in NADPH-dependent ADH activity (Fig. 3B to E). Instead, our results support the notion that the ET strain arrested AdhE-mediated interconversion of acetyl-CoA, acetaldehyde, and ethanol, which helps explain why the C. phytofermentans ET strain had lower ethanol yield. (researchgate.net)

Purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) are metabolically versatile organisms which are able to grow either aerobically in the dark or anaerobically in the light using hydrogen or organic compounds as electron donors and subsequently fixing CO 2 ( 16 ). (asm.org)

The depletion of DOM over time was strongly correlated with increases in expression of many genes associated with heterotrophy (e.g., amino acid, fatty acid, and carbohydrate metabolism) belonging to a Hydrogenophaga strain that accounted for a relatively large percentage (~8%) of the metatranscriptome. (frontiersin.org)

of exopolysaccharide production, strains grown overnight in NYGB medium were washed and resuspended in 10 mM MgCl2 (OD600 nm=0.1). (mirnamimics.com)

Core oligosaccharide (or Core-OS) is a short chain of sugar residues within Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (wikipedia.org)
When dealing with Salmonella typhimurium, it has been shown that rough strains with incomplete lipopolysaccharide (LPS) lacking O-specific side chains are much less virulent than smooth strains with complete LPS with O-specific side chains 12 . (drugbank.com)

Yeasts lack chlorophyll and are unable to manufacture by photosynthesis from inorganic substrates the organic compounds required for growth, as do higher plants, algae, and even some bacteria. (biologydiscussion.com)
In addition, global warming has led to an increase in temperature of water, which has affected the normal lifecycles of bacteria and algae, mainly by increasing the duration of bloom seasons. (ncsu.edu)

It has been shown in some cases that the enzyme has a functional phosphate group, which can act as the donor. (lookformedical.com)

Efficient growth and associated production and yield of desired products depend on the efficient sugar transport capabilities, sugar catabolism through the central carbon catabolism, and the efficient carbon flux through specific biosynthetic pathways. (encyclopedia.pub)
On the other hand, thermophiles have shown great potential for H 2 generation, mainly because of the more favorable thermodynamics of the reaction at elevated temperatures which allows to generate a limited variety of by-products and to reach the theoretical yield of 4 mol H 2 /mol hexose [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

There are usually at least three hexoses bound β1→3, with the O antigen being ligated to the third hexose. (wikipedia.org)

E. coli preferentially uses glucose in the presence of sugar mixtures, preventing using other carbon sources. (encyclopedia.pub)

This portion is present only in smooth-type Gram-negative bacteria and shows a high heterogeneity in terms of length, composition and branching degrees. (scirp.org)
Nevertheless, due to the high number of sugar transporters, E. coli uses preferentially few systems to grow in glucose as the sole carbon source. (encyclopedia.pub)

The EcoCyc database describes 532 transport reactions, 480 transporters, and 97 proteins involved in sugar transport. (encyclopedia.pub)
Among them, 97 proteins are involved in sugar transport ( Table 1 ). (encyclopedia.pub)

A R. palustris No. 7 PEPCK-deficient strain showed growth characteristics identical to those of the wild-type strain either anaerobically in the light or aerobically in the dark when a C 4 -dicarboxylic acid, such as succinate or malate, was used as a carbon source. (asm.org)

This Hydrogenophaga strain also expressed genes indicative of chemolithoautotrophy, including CO 2 fixation, H 2 oxidation, S-compound oxidation, and denitrification. (frontiersin.org)

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) may improve microbial status in the intestines and increase the metabolic activity towards polyphenolic degradation. (biomedcentral.com)
For a biotechnological exploitation of this bacterium for H 2 production it is crucial to understand the factors that regulate carbon and electron fluxes and therefore the final distribution of metabolites to channel the metabolic flux towards the desired product. (biomedcentral.com)

The outer core is made of hexose residues that are attached to the last heptose residue in the inner core. (wikipedia.org)
Other hexose are often found attached to the outer core, branching from the main oligomer. (wikipedia.org)
The distal region, called "outer core", consists usually of hexoses and shows more structural variability. (scirp.org)

To augment ethanol production by the ET strain, an alternative ethanol production pathway comprised of pyruvate decarboxylase (Pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhB) from Zymomonas mobilis (Fig. 4A) was transferred into C. phytofermentans on the replicating pQexpE plasmid (Fig. 4B). (researchgate.net)
Expression of pQexpE increased cellulolysis by ϳ 30% in both the WT and ET strains (Fig. 5A) and boosted ethanol production by 70% relative to the ET strain ( P Ͻ 0.01), thereby restoring ethanol yields to WT levels (Fig. 5B). (researchgate.net)
CO 2 production increased disproportionately relative to H 2 production in WT and ET strains expressing pQexpE (Table 3). (researchgate.net)
The production of hexose 6 phosphate is a key node in different pathways that are required for a successful germination. (biomedcentral.com)

The agriculturally useful microbial populations cover plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria, mycorrhiza, plant disease suppressive beneficial bacteria, stress-tolerant endophytes and biodegrading microbes. (bio-fit.eu)

Efficient strains of Azotobacter , Azospirillum, Phosphobacter and Rhizobacter can provide significant amount of nitrogen to Helianthus annus and to increase the plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter percentage of seed filling and seed dry weight. (bio-fit.eu)

This reaction is the first step in the gluconeogenic pathway, in which citric acid cycle intermediates are converted to hexose. (asm.org)

Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. (lbl.gov)

Although, historically, type b encapsulated strains have been of primary clinical and immunologic importance because of their association with invasive infection, including meningitis, the other encapsulated strains also can cause invasive disease. (medscape.com)
The aim of this study was to better define the mechanisms underlying tolerant responses of potato to infection by the particularly aggressive PVY NTN strain. (biomedcentral.com)

The unencapsulated strains were chiefly responsible for infections at mucosal surfaces, including otitis media , conjunctivitis, bronchitis , and sinusitis . (medscape.com)

These findings imply that, depending on the PNSB's growing conditions, it may interact with various soil bacteria and facilitate their infiltration into plants. (bvsalud.org)

N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine 6-Phosphate, also known as N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-p or GLCNAC6P, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acylaminosugars. (ymdb.ca)
These are organic compounds containing a sugar linked to a chain through N-acyl group. (ymdb.ca)

Each of these antibodies binds strongly to isolated sugar beet arabinan samples in ELISAs. (megazyme.com)

The main role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in wine has traditionally been to perform the conversion of malic acid to lactic acid. (frontiersin.org)

As a naturally occurring sugar, it may be found in a number dairy products. (drugbank.com)

Zobell ( 2 ) observed that the number of bacteria on surfaces was dramatically higher than in the surrounding medium (in this case, seawater). (cdc.gov)

Anatomy3

Organisms21

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes42

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science5

Health Care7

Pentose sugars2

Monosaccharide3

Fructose3

Enteric bacteria2

Uptake2

Thermophilic3

Lignocellulose5

Substituents1

Genome3

Escherichia1

Fermentable1

Species3

Monosaccharides3

Bacterial3

Enzymes6

Fungi1

Enzymatic2

Mannose1

Enzyme that catalyzes1

Rhodopseudomonas2

Aerobic1

Fermentation5

Yeast1

Mangrove1

Mesophilic2

Clostridium1

Lactobacillus3

Ethanol yield1

PNSB1

Carbohydrate1

Exopolysaccharide1

Lipopolysaccharide2

Algae2

Donor1

Yield2

Bound1

Uses glucose1

High2

Proteins2

Palustris1

Expressed genes1

Metabolic2

Outer core3

Production4

Microbial1

Efficient1

Reaction1

Sucrose1

Infection2

Mucosal1

Soil1

Organic2

Binds1

Acid1

Found1

Surfaces1