Phenotypic planktonic bacteria biofilms. Medical search. Frequent questions

Three models of Mtb biofilm formation have been proposed to study the factors regulating biofilm formation, the physiology of the resident bacteria, and the nature of the biomaterial that holds these bacterial masses together. (microbialcell.com)

In this study, we determined that changes in the nasopharyngeal environment result in the release of bacteria from colonizing biofilms with a gene expression and virulence phenotype different not only from that of colonizing biofilm bacteria but also from that of the broth-grown planktonic bacteria commonly used for pathogenesis studies. (lu.se)
The work importantly also identifies specific host factors responsible for the release of bacteria and their changed phenotype. (lu.se)
Pathogenic bacteria are known to switch phenotype such as planktonic to biofilms, to reduce sensitivity towards antimicrobial agents. (rcb.res.in)
For example, under specific stress conditions appropriate signalling may lead to an increase in phenotypic diversity within the biofilm to accommodate the stress or these signals may cause bacteria to revert to their more motile planktonic phenotype and leave the biofilm to establish new microcolonies that will give rise to a mature biofilm. (pharmacy180.com)
Rediscovery of a microbiologic phenomenon, first described by van Leeuwenhoek, that microorganisms attach to and grow universally on exposed surfaces led to studies that revealed surface-associated microorganisms (biofilms) exhibited a distinct phenotype with respect to gene transcription and growth rate. (cdc.gov)
E. meningoseptica isolate CH2B and strain NCTC 10016 T displayed a strong biofilm-forming phenotype which may play a role in its potential pathogenicity in both clinical and aquaculture environments. (biomedcentral.com)
Extracellular substances (ECS) represent all molecules outside the cytoplasmic membrane, which are not directly anchored to the cell wall of microorganisms living through a planktonic or biofilm phenotype. (ives-openscience.eu)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms are shown in gray with par-seqFISH gene expression data in color. (weizmann.ac.il)
General Information: Pseudomonas stutzeri is a nonfluorescent denitrifying bacterium widely distributed in the environment. (up.ac.za)
The Pseudomonas stutzeri species possesses a high degree of phenotypic and genotypicheterogeneity. (up.ac.za)
Bacteria belonging to the Pseudomonas group are common inhabitants of soil and water and can also be found on the surfaces of plants and animals. (up.ac.za)
Pseudomonas bacteria are found in nature in a biofilm or in planktonic form. (up.ac.za)
Pseudomonas bacteria are renowned for their metabolic versatility as they can grow under a variety of growth conditions and do not need any organic growth factors. (up.ac.za)
The research in our lab focuses on structural studies of macromolecular complexes involved in regulation of genesresponsible for biofilm and flagella expression in Pseudomonas. (rcb.res.in)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the gram negative rod shaped bacteria is found in all natural and man made environments. (ukessays.com)
The functioning of the EPS matrix in holding cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa together and forming the mature biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The exopolysaccharide genes such as pilB, pslA, lecA, ureB and alginate genes are responsible for the formation of pseudomonas biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The microcarriers made up of dextrons in the range of 60-90µm in size are used as a surface for Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form biofilms. (ukessays.com)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a member of gamma proteobacteria class of bacteria. (ukessays.com)
We found that subpopulations of biofilm bacteria undergo cell death and lysis as a feature of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm life cycle. (southampton.ac.uk)
Role of a new filamentous prophage Pf4 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development. (southampton.ac.uk)
We showed that strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with increased mutation rates (caused by deletion of genes involved in DNA mismatch repair) produced more biofilm biomass in laboratory experiments. (southampton.ac.uk)
This project will exploit novel nitric oxide based therapies to improve the effectiveness of antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. (southampton.ac.uk)
Lung inflammation was induced using the culture supernatants from two Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains, VR1 and VR2, isolated from patients affected by cystic fibrosis and showing different phenotypes in terms of motility, colony characteristics and biofilm production as well as pyoverdine and pyocyanine release. (biomedcentral.com)

The biofilm-associated infections caused by even drug-sensitive bacteria are very difficult to treat, and patients tend to have recurrent infections [2]. (databasefootball.com)
During bacterial infections involving biofilms, most of the existing antibiotics can kill the susceptible, planktonic bacterial population present in various body sites. (databasefootball.com)
The extracellular matrix of mycobacterial biofilms: could we shorten the treatment of mycobacterial infections? (microbialcell.com)
Bacteria, Biofilms, Antibiotic Resistance and Infections. (pearltrees.com)
Biofilms have great importance for public health because of their role in certain infectious diseases and importance in a variety of device-related infections. (cdc.gov)
In this study, we analysed the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of biofilm-producing S. aureus strains isolated from diabetic foot infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Results demonstrate that very high concentrations of the most used antibiotics in treating diabetic foot infections (DFI) are required to inhibit S. aureus biofilms in vitro, which may explain why monotherapy with these agents frequently fails to eradicate biofilm infections. (biomedcentral.com)
The results suggest that the antibiotic susceptibility patterns cannot be applied to biofilm established infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Several structural and secreted virulence factors play a role in S. aureus infections, which are multifactorial and depend on bacterial adherence and biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Unrelated phenotypic differences in biofilm formation and lung colonization as well as variations in genome size, all within different sources of P. aeruginosa were discovered and could lead to variations in morbidity and mortality related to P. aeruginosa infections in CF. A key factor in alginate regulation is AlgU/AlgT, a sigma factor that also impacts the expression of many other involved proteins. (marshall.edu)
Phenotypic characteristics of P.aeruginosa might be responsible for increased colonization and antibiotic resistance observed in vivo and understanding these differences may lead to development of clinical guidelines for the management of MDR infections. (springeropen.com)
The aim of our present study was to screen P. aeruginosa strains isolated from ocular infections, for their potential to produce various phenotypic virulence factors and correlating them with biofilm formation and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. (springeropen.com)
Mouse-models for H. pylori infections and imaging approaches (CSLM and SEM) to characterize the biofilm structure its components. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Therefore, biofilm matrix gives the additional resistance power to bacteria which makes them to not only tolerate harsh conditions but also resistant to antibiotics which lead to the emergence of bad bugs infections like multi drug resistant, extensively drug resistant and totally drug resistant bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
In fact, it was shown that the majority of all bacterial infections are related to biofilm growth, stressing the importance of this life style [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
SCELSE has a strong in vivo experimentation platform to assess biofilm-based chronic infections and develop approaches for understanding and controlling such infections. (scelse.sg)
As a result of these characteristics, bacteria in biofilms are believed to be responsible for the majority of hospital-acquired infections. (luc.edu)
Biofilm formation is the prime cause of antibiotic resistance during C. albicans infections and treating biofilm-forming cells is challenging due to their intractable and persistent nature. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)
In conclusion, this study showed that marine biofilms are a hidden source of diverse therapeutic drugs, and 3HC could be a potent drug to treat C. albicans infections. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)
Further, virulence traits, including adhesion, hyphal, and biofilm formation enable C. albicans to access deep tissues for systemic infections. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)
Therefore, there is a critical need for alternative therapeutic agents to fight against biofilm-mediated infections and to conquer the limitations of current antifungal therapies. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)
Furthermore, the ability of the pathogen to build biofilms and to persist e.g. in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients facilitates the establishment of chronic infections, which are largely recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapies. (elifesciences.org)

Hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum calidifontis produce bundling pili which are homologous to the bacterial TasA filaments, a major component of the extracellular matrix in bacterial biofilms, which contribute to biofilm stability. (wikipedia.org)
This can contribute to biofilm dispersal, and provides a mechanism for the release of extracellular DNA (eDNA) within biofilms. (southampton.ac.uk)
We are also investigating the roles of genes, other than syp , that contribute to biofilm formation as well as those that control dispersal. (luc.edu)

A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated. (wikipedia.org)
The regulation of flagellar and biofilm genes is brought about primarily at the transcription level through the action of a number of dedicated regulatory proteins. (rcb.res.in)
The locus of the psl polysacchide genes encode the cells to adhere to a surface and thus maintaining the biofilm structure. (ukessays.com)
The genes responsible for the biofilm formation are quantified by comparing the planktonic and biofilm samples. (ukessays.com)
Biofilm-associated cells can be differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, reduced growth rates, and the up- and down- regulation of specific genes. (cdc.gov)
Two major thrusts in the last decade have dramatically impacted our understanding of biofilms: the utilization of the confocal laser scanning microscope to characterize biofilm ultrastructure, and an investigation of the genes involved in cell adhesion and biofilm formation. (cdc.gov)
A major group of upregulated genes in the treated biofilms encoded membrane-related and regulatory proteins. (cardiff.ac.uk)
After sessile cell exposure, multiple genes encoding chemotaxis and motility-related proteins were upregulated in concert with the downregulation of an adhesin-encoding gene (BCAM2143), suggesting that sessile cells tried to escape the biofilm. (cardiff.ac.uk)
As the infection progresses, the bacterium switches off most of the virulence genes but synthesizes a biofilm matrix and becomes resistant to antibiotics causing a chronic disease frequently leading to respiratory failure and lung transplantation or death [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcriptomic and genetic approaches to identify genes associated with H. pylori biofilm growth. (skander-hathroubi.net)
In addition, pyrD inactivation reduced flagellar motility and strongly affected biofilm formation by downregulating transcription of both type 1 fimbriae and curli subunit genes. (rossimicrolab.com)
Metabolic activity of the bacterial biofilm communities have altered as compared to the planktonic one such as increased rates of EPS production, activation or inhibition of particular genes associated with biofilm formation and decreased growth rate [ 39 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
While being able to quite efficiently reduce the presence of resistant bacteria entering any of the final products of WWTPs (e.g., effluent water and sludge), the presence of resistance genes in other formats (mobile genetic elements, bacteriophages) has mainly been ignored. (frontiersin.org)
While resistance genes for antibiotics exist in small environmental microbial populations even before the clinical usage of those antibiotics, the spread of resistance among human pathogens is not commenced until a selective pressure (e.g., usage of antibiotics) is added - triggering a development and selection for resistant bacteria ( Davies and Davies, 2010 ). (frontiersin.org)
Next to UFA biosynthesis, a number of these direct targets and other indirect targets identified by transcriptomics (e.g. ribosomal genes, ompA , ompC , ompX , osmB , osmC, sseI ), could possibly contribute to the effect of FabR on biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Our work has shown that genes required for biofilm formation in laboratory culture are similarly required for symbiotic aggregation and colonization. (luc.edu)
Intriguingly, quantitative PCR analysis of 3HC-treated C. albicans biofilm revealed significant downregulation of virulence genes (hst7, ume6, efg1, cph1, ras1, als1) associated with adhesion and morphogenesis. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)

During surface colonization bacteria cells are able to communicate using quorum sensing (QS) products such as N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL). (wikipedia.org)
In this report, we show that infection with influenza A virus and treatment with the resulting host signals (febrile-range temperatures, norepinephrine, extracytoplasmic ATP, and increased nutrient availability) induce the release of bacteria from biofilms in a newly developed biofilm model on live epithelial cells both in vitro and during in vivo colonization. (lu.se)
Our lab applies single-cell and spatial transcriptomics approaches to globally study cell-cell variation across lifestyles, from free-living populations and biofilms assemblies to bacterial colonization of host tissues. (weizmann.ac.il)
In addition, flagella play a crucial role in adhesion to substrate, biofilm formation and colonization. (rcb.res.in)
Taken together, the phenotypic and genotypic analysis of the regulation of alginate may further lead to treatments to prevent biofilm formation and subsequent CF host colonization with P. aeruginosa . (marshall.edu)
Furthermore, genetic conditions that enhance biofilm formation in laboratory culture also strikingly enhance symbiotic biofilm formation and colonization. (luc.edu)
This strong correlation affords us an exceptional opportunity to develop and test hypotheses about the mechanisms of biofilm formation and dispersal in bacterial colonization of a eukaryotic host. (luc.edu)
We have previously determined that biofilm formation and colonization depends on syp , an 18-gene locus involved in the production and export of a polysaccharide, and on regulators that control syp transcription. (luc.edu)

This euphoria turned out to be short-lived, as it was soon realized that bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics by acquiring gene mutations. (databasefootball.com)
Since then, we have seen bacteria becoming increasingly resistant to a large number of antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
In addition to antibiotic resistance acquired by genetic mutations, bacteria have developed multiple ways of thwarting the killing effects of antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
The most common strategies employed by bacteria for resisting antibiotics include growing as biofilms, persisters, and small colony variants [1]. (databasefootball.com)
The resistance of biofilm-growing bacteria to antibiotics does not involve any genetic changes but is only a phenotypic adaptation. (databasefootball.com)
Similar to persisters, small colony variants (SCV) are slowly-growing derivatives of bacteria showing reduced susceptibility to antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
In addition, because the site of action of lysins is on the external surface of the bacteria, these antibacterial agents do not encounter permeability or efflux issues which are known to affect the potency of conventional antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
Conventional antibiotics act on mechanisms by which bacteria carry out their normal metabolic activities: making proteins, manufacturing their cell wall, and undergoing cell division. (databasefootball.com)
This means that, in order for conventional antibiotics to be active, the bacteria must be metabolically active. (databasefootball.com)
The poorly metabolizing persisters in the biofilms can thus evade the action of these antibiotics. (databasefootball.com)
Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
The biofilm bacteria can share nutrients and are sheltered from harmful factors in the environment, such as desiccation, antibiotics, and a host body's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
Also, as a biofilm, bacteria and fungi are less susceptible to antimicrobials, allowing them to be more tolerant than their planktonic brethren to antibiotics found in nature and those used clinically. (pharmacy180.com)
Two-component systems allow bacteria to detect, evaluate and protect themselves against changes in the environment, such as exposure to antibiotics and also to trigger production of virulence factors. (ncsu.edu)
In fact, biofilms were resistant to antibiotics at concentrations 10-1000 times greater than the ones required to kill free-living or planktonic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The only antibiotics able to inhibit biofilm eradication on 50 % of isolates were ceftaroline and gentamicin. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, biofilm cells display increased tolerance to antibiotics [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Retrieved bacteria were genotyped, and grown in planktonic cultures and as biofilms, and susceptibilities to individual antibiotics and to antibiotic combinations were determined. (ersjournals.com)
Susceptibility to single antibiotics and to antibiotic combinations were not different between planktonically or biofilm-grown bacteria derived from sputum, as compared to those obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage and protected brush. (ersjournals.com)
However, studies have not previously been done to determine whether bacteria retrieved from sputum are more susceptible to antibiotics compared to bacteria retrieved directly from the airway biofilm. (ersjournals.com)
Novel multidrug and pandrug resistant bacteria are reported on a yearly basis, while the development of novel antibiotics is lacking. (frontiersin.org)
Resistance to antibiotics in clinical bacteria has been documented for several decades ( Davies and Davies, 2010 ). (frontiersin.org)
Because of the protected environment, bacteria within biofilms are less sensitive to environmental stresses, including disinfectants and antibiotics, and are as a consequence very difficult to eradicate [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacteria can form multi-cellular communities, or biofilms, in which individual cells are protected from environmental insults such as antibiotics by virtue of being (1) encased in a protective matrix comprised of polysaccharides and other macromolecules and (2) physiologically distinct from free-living, planktonic cells. (luc.edu)
Several independent studies have shown that surface-associated bacteria produce bioactive compounds with clinical importance, including antibiotics and anti-biofilm agents8,9,10. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)

A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria are interesting and abundant microorganisms that sometimes exist as separate cells. (pearltrees.com)
Microorganisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms. (cdc.gov)
For most of the history of microbiology, microorganisms have primarily been characterized as planktonic, freely suspended cells and described on the basis of their growth characteristics in nutritionally rich culture media. (cdc.gov)
These biofilm microorganisms have been shown to elicit specific mechanisms for initial attachment to a surface, development of a community structure and ecosystem, and detachment. (cdc.gov)
Van Leeuwenhoek, using his simple microscopes, first observed microorganisms on tooth surfaces and can be credited with the discovery of microbial biofilms. (cdc.gov)
5 ) in 1978 put forth a theory of biofilms that explained the mechanisms whereby microorganisms adhere to living and nonliving materials and the benefits accrued by this ecologic niche. (cdc.gov)
Previous studies using traditional biochemical identification methods to study the ecology of commercial sauerkraut fermentations revealed that four species of lactic acid bacteria, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Lactobacillus brevis, were the primary microorganisms in these fermentations. (who.int)
Guest lecture microbiology and pathogenesis for undergraduates and graduates: Biofilm, the social life of microorganisms. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Microbiology and pathogenesis METX 119-02 online, summer session online classes: Biofilm, the social life of microorganisms. (skander-hathroubi.net)

Cells may also communicate via quorum sensing, which may in turn affect biofilm processes such as detachment. (cdc.gov)
It was shown for example that an incomplete LPS fraction does not affect biofilm formation capacity of Salmonella on hydrophobic gallstone surfaces, but highly reduces its biofilm capacity on hydrophilic glass surfaces [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
For example, resident bacterial communities establish either cooperative (beneficial) or competitive (harmful) interactions, which affect biofilm succession, biomass, and resistance to stress. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)

Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
Some bacteria species are not able to attach to a surface on their own successfully due to their limited motility but are instead able to anchor themselves to the matrix or directly to other, earlier bacteria colonists. (wikipedia.org)
The isolates were identified by Vitek-2 and characterized based on growth kinetics, biofilm formation, motility, pyoverdine and pyocyanin production, phospholipase and catalase activity, urease production along with expression of exotoxins (exo-A, exo-U and exo-S) and correlated to its antibiotic profiles. (springeropen.com)
2021. Calcium-responsive diguanylate cyclase CasA drives cellulose-dependent biofilm formation and inhibits motility in Vibrio fischeri . (luc.edu)

However, these components are not necessarily the constituents of the extracellular matrix of mycobacterial biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
Bacteria are generally studied in the research laboratories as single cell suspensions called as planktonic cultures, however, in nature, bacteria primarily exist as a community encased in a self-produced extracellular matrix called as biofilms. (microbialcell.com)

This gives the slimy nature of the biofilm, and contains many sugars such as fructose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine. (thepigsite.com)
The recalcitrance of bacteria in biofilms has been attributed to the impermeable nature of the biofilm matrix and to the presence of non-growing or very slowly-growing populations of bacteria called persisters. (databasefootball.com)

Normally, bacteria cultured in liquid growth media grow as free-floating cells (planktonic state). (databasefootball.com)
The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and DNA. (wikipedia.org)
The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)
They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
Yet, the phenotypic landscape in any given species remains largely unexplored due to the technical challenges of systematically profiling individual bacterial cells. (weizmann.ac.il)
There are many advantages of studying bacteria in the planktonic cultures such as development of a homogenous population of bacterial cells having similar transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic profile etc. (microbialcell.com)
The planktonic cells grow very rapidly whereas the bacterial adhering takes some time to form biofilm in other case. (ukessays.com)
Chemical signals regulate the interactions between members of the biofilm just as hormones regulate the cells of our body. (pharmacy180.com)
In biofilms, bacterial cells are embedded within a matrix that is composed of a complex mixture of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. (ncsu.edu)
In fact, a biofilm acts almost like a multicellular organism instead of a colony of single cells. (pearltrees.com)
An established biofilm structure comprises microbial cells and EPS, has a defined architecture, and provides an optimal environment for the exchange of genetic material between cells. (cdc.gov)
A biofilm is an assemblage of surface-associated microbial cells that is enclosed in an extracellular polymeric substance matrix. (cdc.gov)
By using a specific polysaccharide-stain called Ruthenium red and coupling this with osmium tetroxide fixative, these researchers were also able to show that the matrix material surrounding and enclosing cells in these biofilms was polysaccharide. (cdc.gov)
Once S. aureus adheres to host tissues, it can form biofilms, which enable its persistence by allowing bacteria to evade host defences, impeding access to certain types of immune cells, such as macrophages, which display incomplete penetration into the biofilm matrix and "frustrated phagocytosis" [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Biofilms of Candida albicans are less susceptible to many antifungal drugs than are planktonic yeast cells. (who.int)
Planktonic yeast cells in RPMI 1640 were susceptible to azole-class drugs, amphotericin B, and caspofungin at 1 x 10(3) cells/ml (standard conditions) using the XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide sodium salt] assay. (who.int)
When biofilms were resuspended before testing, phenotypic resistance remained, but organisms, when diluted to 1 x 10(3) cells/ml, were susceptible. (who.int)
In the present study, we analyzed the tolerance of planktonic and sessile Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 cultures and examined the transcriptional response of sessile cells to treatment with chlorhexidine. (cardiff.ac.uk)
efflux system RND-4 (BCAL2820-BCAL2822) was more responsible for chlorhexidine tolerance in planktonic cells, while other systems (RND-3 [BCAL1672-BCAL1676] and RND-9 [BCAM1945-BCAM1947]) were linked to resistance in sessile cells. (cardiff.ac.uk)
Biofilm architecture of isolate CH2B alone as well as in co-culture with Listeria monocytogenes was investigated using flow cells and microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)

Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
The ability of E. meningoseptica isolates to adhere to abiotic surfaces and form biofilm structures may result from the hydrophilic cell surface and multiple adhesins located around the cell. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, biofilm formation enhances the ability of bacteria to colonize surfaces, including host tissues and abiotic surfaces such as medical implants. (luc.edu)
The prime factor that is conducive to the pathogenesis of C. albicans is its ability to form biofilm on both biotic and abiotic surfaces, followed by other major virulence traits, such as yeast-to-hyphal transitions, filamentous morphology, wrinkle morphology, and secretion of proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes5. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)

In this study, broth cultures of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented milk were tested for production of substances capable of inhibiting L. monocytogenes and S. Enteritidis in co-culture with LAB by assessment of colony-forming units (CFU) and live:dead cell populations by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the consumption of nutrients by these species and their produced metabolites may inhibit or stimulate the growth (and malolactic activity) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). (ives-openscience.eu)
May lactic acid bacteria play an important role in sparkling wine elaboration? (ives-openscience.eu)
The malolactic fermentation (MLF) is carried out by the lactic acid bacteria after the alcoholic fermentation in order to ensure the microbial stability during the second fermentation that takes place in the bottle or in tanks. (ives-openscience.eu)

Bacteria within a biofilm communicate by quorum sensing leading to phenotypic modifications and changes in gene expression. (thepigsite.com)
These dispersed bacteria have distinct phenotypic properties different from those of both biofilm and broth-grown, planktonic bacteria, with the dispersed population showing differential virulence gene expression characteristics resulting in a significantly increased ability to disseminate and cause infection of otherwise sterile sites, such as the middle ear, lungs, and bloodstream. (lu.se)
These phenotypic transitions are generally regulated at the level of transcription which is an essential process for modulating gene expression profiles in bacteria. (rcb.res.in)
The results from the planktonic and biofilm gene expression results are compared. (ukessays.com)
The raw data were deposited to the Gene Expression Omnibus ( GSE197541 for RAINBOW-seq data and GSE213531 for RNA-seq Δ sapD biofilm periphery and pyrimidine biosynthesis heterogeneity). (nature.com)

however, among the biofilm-producing isolates, those from catheters were the most efficient in biofilm formation. (rossimicrolab.com)
Interestingly, most isolates including strong biofilm producers displayed production levels of PIA (polysaccharide intercellular adhesin), the main S. epidermidis extracellular polysaccharide, similar to reference S. epidermidis strains classified as non-biofilm formers, and much lower than those classified as intermediate or high biofilm formers, possibly suggesting that high levels of PIA production do not confer a particular advantage for clinical isolates. (rossimicrolab.com)
isolates, while the role of cell-free supernatants, from diverse bacteria, in inducing enhanced adherence was investigated using microtitre plate assays. (biomedcentral.com)
E. meningoseptica isolates CH2B and NCTC 10016 T demonstrated stronger biofilm formation in nutrient-rich medium compared to nutrient-poor medium at both 21 and 37°C, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
To determine the detection limit and analytical specificity, pure genomic DNA of 18 bacteria include 12 standard strains (one S. epidermidis and 11 non- S. epidermidis ) and six clinical isolates (five S. epidermidis and one non- S. epidermidis ) were used. (ajmb.org)
To this end, 3-hydroxy coumarin (3HC), a compound identified from the cell-free culture supernatant of the marine bacterium Brevundimonas abyssalis, was found to exhibit anti-biofilm and anti-hyphal activity against both reference and clinical isolates of C. albicans. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)
In this investigation, we obtained potent biofilm-forming bacterial isolates from the early-stage biofilm formed on three different artificial surfaces (stainless steel, high-density polyethylene, and titanium) immersed in the intake area of a coastal located power plant22. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)
If these are obtained from isolates, the encoded information can be complemented by phenotypic assays and ecophysiological response experiments to provide insights into the factors that regulate the activity of these populations, in particular biogeochemical processes. (biomedcentral.com)

Our results revealed that bacteriophage-resistant bacteria downregulate the expression of quorum-sensing regulatory proteins, such as LuxM, LuxN, and LuxP. (bvsalud.org)
These observations suggested that cell density has a role in the phenotypic resistance of biofilm, that neither the drug efflux pumps tested nor quorum sensing through Chk1p contributes to resistance, and that azole drug tolerance at high cell density differs mechanistically from tolerance at low cell density. (who.int)
Quorum sensing plays an important role in regulating the biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Innovotech's MBEC Assay® system allows rapid testing of antimicrobials and quorum sensing inhibitors for biofilm activity. (innovotech.ca)

While free-floating planktonic bacteria can be properly cleared from the CF lung, P. aeruginosa , along with alginate production, establishes an infection in the form of a biofilm which supports its survival in nature and in vivo . (marshall.edu)
P. aeruginosa small colony variants (SCVs) which prefer the biofilm mode of growth, thrive in harsh environmental conditions and are found in the chronically infected CF lung, were generated in the laboratory for further study. (marshall.edu)
Further work has shown the importance of this phage in the P. aeruginosa biofilm lifecycle and virulence. (southampton.ac.uk)
Recent evidence suggests that P. aeruginosa may actually grow as dense communities of exopolysaccharide-encapsulated biofilms adherent to CF patients' airways 2 - 4 . (ersjournals.com)
One problem with relying on sputum samples to guide therapy is that biofilm bacteria may not be adequately sampled via sputum, since sputum expectoration only samples P. aeruginosa that have detached and dispersed from the airway biofilm 5 , 6 . (ersjournals.com)
Thus, it is possible that PSB may directly recover P. aeruginosa bacteria that have aggregated as biofilms and adhered to the surface of the airway. (ersjournals.com)
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the PSB can sample directly from the airway biofilm and, thus, more accurately represent the state of P. aeruginosa in CF patients' lungs. (ersjournals.com)
This was done with a laboratory derived P. aeruginosa colony variant and the authors concluded that the variant only had a selective advantage in certain niches within the biofilm [4]. (gsk-3signaling.com)

The antibiotic minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for ten antimicrobial compounds, along with the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), followed by PCR identification of genetic determinants of biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
Since then, conjugation has been demonstrated in many environments, and between many different bacteria, stressing its relevance in the spread of antibiotic resistance ( Davies, 1994 ). (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, methodologies combining phenotypic and molecular analyses provide the necessary information on the prevalence, contamination level, antibiotic resistance profiles, genetic relatedness and ecological preferences of Listeria spp. (biomedcentral.com)

Non-motile bacteria cannot recognize surfaces or aggregate together as easily as motile bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Zobell ( 2 ) observed that the number of bacteria on surfaces was dramatically higher than in the surrounding medium (in this case, seawater). (cdc.gov)
Genetic requirement and transcriptomics of Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation on abiotic and biotic surfaces. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Bacteria predominantly grow inside multicellular communities attached to solid surfaces and enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix, called biofilms [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In fact, in recent years there have been instances where patients had recovered from cancers but subsequently succumbed to infection caused by drug-resistant bacteria. (databasefootball.com)
However, bacteria present in biofilms can evade the antibacterial effect, forming a reservoir of infection. (databasefootball.com)
We show that these interkingdom signals are recognized by bacteria and are induced by influenza virus infection, which is epidemiologically strongly associated with transition to secondary pneumococcal disease. (lu.se)
In a previous study, we demonstrated that Vibrio alginolyticus downregulates the expression of specific receptors and transporters in its membrane, which may enable the bacterium to evade infection by lytic bacteriophages. (bvsalud.org)
Biofilm growth plays an important role during infection by providing defence against several antagonistic mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
The high tolerance of biofilm-grown Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria against antimicrobial agents presents considerable problems for the treatment of infected cystic fibrosis patients and the implementation of infection control guidelines. (cardiff.ac.uk)
This tolerance often links biofilms with persistent and chronic infection, and provides ideal conditions for the acquisition or evolution of AMR. (southampton.ac.uk)

This approach is providing new technologies and strategies to control biofilms in industrial and medical settings. (southampton.ac.uk)
These areas of our work provide insights into the varied mechanisms by which bacteria control biofilms both positively and negatively in the context of an animal host. (luc.edu)

The results offer novel and important insights into the role of interkingdom signaling between microbe and host during biofilm dispersion and transition to acute disease. (lu.se)
We isolated and named this phage, showed that it becomes superinfective to its host during biofilm development, and found that it plays a role in phenotypic diversification of biofilm bacteria. (southampton.ac.uk)

Laboratory cultivation, storage, and common phenotypic assays. (luc.edu)

We are particularly interested in how single-cell heterogeneity manifests in plant-associated bacteria and opportunistic pathogens. (weizmann.ac.il)
A number of non-tuberculous mycobacterium species are opportunistic pathogens and ubiquitously form biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
Such methods should be complemented by control strategies including the use of beneficial bacteria that produce metabolites capable of inhibiting food-borne pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacterial biofilms have significant clinical relevance due to their potential to cause resistance to antimicrobial therapy and host defenses. (encyclopedia.pub)
Bacteria employ a wide range of molecular mechanisms to confer resistance to bacteriophages, and these mechanisms are continuously being discovered and characterized. (bvsalud.org)
We investigated the contribution of cell density to biofilm phenotypic resistance. (who.int)
A fluconazole-resistant strain showed greater resistance at high planktonic cell density, in biofilm, and in resuspended biofilm than did low-density planktonic or biofilm organisms. (who.int)
Biofilms are notorious for their resistance to environmental stresses, including antimicrobial compounds. (southampton.ac.uk)
Treatment of biofilms with nitric oxide also reduced their resistance to antimicrobial compounds. (southampton.ac.uk)
However, biofilm formation by C. albicans has been found to gain genetic resistance against most of the currently used antifungal drugs. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)

These findings align with the diverse phenotypic traits observed in the phage-resistant strains, such as altered biofilm formation, reduced planktonic growth, and reduced virulence. (bvsalud.org)
Enable concurrent data collection of plant phenotypic/molecular traits, microbiome composition, and interacting metabolites. (scelse.sg)

The bacteria in the colony communicate and cooperate with each other. (pearltrees.com)
the wrinkly spreader (WS, also called rugose small colony variants) and the small colony variant (SCV), of which the primary phenotypic characteristic is the overproduction of exopolyscharides [1, 2, 6, 9]. (gsk-3signaling.com)
iii) colony formation and biofilm maturation. (biomedcentral.com)

Importantly, bacteria are capable of forming biofilms in infected human tissues. (databasefootball.com)

Investigating Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation and its potential role in pathogenesis in the lab of Dr. Karen Ottemann. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation and its potential role in pathogenesis. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Lecture Biofilm and its role in pathogenesis Master degree graduates. (skander-hathroubi.net)

Developing versatile, personalized antimicrobial and anti biofilm coatings for medical devices. (skander-hathroubi.net)

The compound demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on biofilms and impaired the yeast-to-hyphal transition, wrinkle, and filament morphology at the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of 250 µg mL−1. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)

We have discussed the biofilms of several pathogenic non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species in context to the in vivo pathologies. (microbialcell.com)
Biofilms are microcolonies of one or more species of bacteria or fungi typically growing adherent to a biotic or abiotic surface. (pharmacy180.com)
In the centre of the figure bacteria exist in a mature biofilm that may be formed from many species, as in a consortium formed on the face of a rock in a stream or those found in the mouth, as part of our dental plaque. (pharmacy180.com)
Vibrio species have been particularly useful for studying the orchestrated metabolic responses of Gram-negative marine bacteria in various challenges. (bvsalud.org)
CF27 have been identified that could be responsible for the phenotypic differences of this strain compared to other Acidithiobacillus species. (frontiersin.org)
Growth pattern of Mycobacterium species are different such as M. chelonae and M. fortuitum form biofilm as vertical and entire surface growth, respectively [ 93 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Chronic Rhinosinusitis, S. aureus Biofilm and Secreted Products" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/24220 (accessed November 30, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
Those patients often have nasal polyps with tissue eosinophilia, S. aureus -dominant mucosal biofilm, comorbid asthma, and a severely compromised quality of life. (encyclopedia.pub)

Our work provides an extended understanding of the metabolic interplay in biofilms and presents a new approach of investigating complex interactions in bacterial communities on the systems level. (nature.com)
Fig. 6: Local cycling of nucleotide and metabolic division of labor at biofilm periphery. (nature.com)

Hydrophobicity can also affect the ability of bacteria to form biofilms. (wikipedia.org)

But the bacterial growth in biofilms requires a varied but coordinated transcriptional, proteomic and metabolomic profile. (microbialcell.com)
The phenotypic transition from a planktonic to biofilm state is regulated by the activity of the transcriptional repressor, SinR, and its inactivation by its primary antagonist, SinI. (ncsu.edu)

Formation of a biofilm starts with adherence of bacteria followed by production of the polysaccharide matrix. (thepigsite.com)

Phenotypic and genetic variation in the susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae type b to antibodies to somatic antigens. (microbiologyresearch.org)

These models include pellicle biofilms formed at the liquid-air interface of cultures, leukocyte lysate-induced biofilms, and thiol reductive stress-induced biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
In this present work we try to grow planktonic cultures and biofilms cultures on the microcarriers in a fermentor separately. (ukessays.com)
At low (0.0005%) and high (0.05%) concentrations, chlorhexidine had a similar effect on both populations, but at intermediate concentrations (0.015%) the antimicrobial activity was more pronounced in planktonic cultures. (cardiff.ac.uk)
Bacterial cultures obtained using bronchoscopy did not yield any new strains of bacteria that were not also found in sputum. (ersjournals.com)
The authors wanted to determine whether bacteria adherent to the airways, retrieved via protected brush specimens, are genotypically or phenotypically different from the bacteria that are traditionally retrieved from sputum cultures. (ersjournals.com)
Most of the bacteria in both cultures were in the viable but non-culturable state. (biomedcentral.com)
bacillaris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae starter cultures represent a way to modulate metabolites of enological interest, taking advantage of the phenotypic specificities of the former and the ability of the latter to complete the alcoholic fermentation. (ives-openscience.eu)

Other bacteria, other micro-organisms and debris become incorporated in the biofilm. (thepigsite.com)
Bacteria are social organisms that interact and coordinate their behaviors to shape our world. (weizmann.ac.il)
3 ) used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to examine biofilms on trickling filters in a wastewater treatment plant and showed them to be composed of a variety of organisms (based on cell morphology). (cdc.gov)
Biofilms that formed in microtiter plate wells, like high-density planktonic organisms, were resistant to drugs. (who.int)
Compounds originating from naturally competitive environments, such as marine biofilms, are more likely to possess greater potential to inhibit the virulence of other organisms. (solamonrenewableenergy.com)

A strain lacking drug efflux pumps CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1, while susceptible at a low azole concentration, was resistant at high cell density and in biofilm. (who.int)

The biofilm resident bacteria also display phenotypic drug tolerance and thus it has been hypothesized that the drug unresponsiveness in vivo could be due to formation of biofilms inside the host. (microbialcell.com)
FK506, reported to abrogate tolerance to azole drugs at low cell density, had no effect on tolerance at high cell density and in biofilm. (who.int)

The concentration levels of the nutrients are also compared for both biofilm and planktonic fermentation. (ukessays.com)
Œnococcus oeni is a wine-associated lactic acid bacterium performs the malolactic fermentation, which improves the taste and aromatic complexity of many wine. (ives-openscience.eu)

Investigating Esherichia coli macrocolony biofilms and their architectures. (skander-hathroubi.net)

Thus, an ideal new antibacterial agent, in addition to its activity on drug-resistant strains of bacteria, should also be capable of killing bacteria in biofilms. (databasefootball.com)

Over the next few hours or days there is growth and division of the attached bacteria followed by the production of extracellular polymer substances (EPS). (thepigsite.com)
Biofilms provide a more energy-efficient means of growth, capturing nutrients as they flow past and easily expelling waste. (pharmacy180.com)
Phenotypic heterogeneity driven by nutrient limitation promotes growth in fluctuating environments. (nature.com)
Biofilms are increasingly recognised as the predominant mode of bacterial growth including within medical, engineered, and environmental contexts. (southampton.ac.uk)
20 generations, a few days of biofilm growth) within biofilms. (southampton.ac.uk)

A biofilm is a collection of bacteria and/or fungi that exists in a multicellular or community form, encased in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix that they themselves synthesise. (thepigsite.com)
How do Biofilms Form? (thepigsite.com)
Free floating or planktonic bacteria encounter this monolayer and form a reversible, sometimes transient attachment to it. (thepigsite.com)
Biofilms can form on the teeth of most animals as dental plaque, where they may cause tooth decay and gum disease. (wikipedia.org)
A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms form to allow bacteria to maintain themselves in a niche of their choosing rather than being washed away by the shear force of running water in the natural environment or the movement of body fluids and mucins in the body. (pharmacy180.com)
Due to their medical relevance, how biofilms form and how bacteria naturally leave (or disperse) from such biofilms is being intensively studied. (luc.edu)

T. Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation and social interactions. (nature.com)

The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
The bacterium develops colonies known as microcolonies and adhere to the surface strongly which are known as pili structures (Baron S et al. (ukessays.com)
The microcarriers are spherical in size where the bacteria can easily adhere on surface. (ukessays.com)

2021. Para-aminobenzoic acid, calcium and c-di-GMP induce formation of cohesive, Syp-polysaccharide-dependent biofilms in Vibrio fischeri . (luc.edu)

Anatomy1

Organisms29

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs17

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes29

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care8

Regulating biofilm formation1

Phenotype7

Pseudomonas17

Infections22

Contribute to biofilm3

Genes17

Colonization8

Antibiotics25

Microorganisms12

Affect biofilm3

Motility4

Extracellular matrix2

Nature of the biofilm2

Cells20

Abiotic surfaces4

Lactic acid bac4

Gene expression5

Isolates8

Quorum4

Aeruginosa8

Antibiotic3

Surfaces4

Infection7

Control biofilms2

Host during2

Assays1

Pathogens3

Resistance7

Traits2

Colony3

Tissues1

Pathogenesis3

Anti biofilm1

Inhibitory concentration1

Species6

Aureus2

Metabolic2

Ability of bacteria1

Transcriptional2

Adherence1

Susceptibility1

Cultures7

Organisms5

Susceptible1

Tolerance2

Fermentation2

Macrocolony1

Strains of bacteria1

Growth5

Form7

Interactions1

Adhere3

Polysaccharide1