Phases mediator cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

In fact, our work showed that the machinery that controls proliferation in lymphocytes was similar to that present in other cells (remarkably, this is similar to the machinery that controls cell division in all eukaryotic organisms, including yeast! (modianolab.org)
Negative growth regulation generally occurs during the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, yet the redundancy and complexity among components of this regulatory network have made it difficult to discern how negative growth cues protect cells from aberrant proliferation. (uwo.ca)
Colonic epithelial cells proliferation of group IV (DPE 250 mg/kgBW) were significantly lower than III and V groups. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings indicate that the DPE could inhibit colonic epithelial cells proliferation through p53 pathway independently. (biomedcentral.com)
In the case of chronic inflammation, the wound healing cycle oscillates between the proliferation and inflammation phases of the healing cycle. (advancedsofttissuerelease.com)
These findings indicate that pancreatic cancer cells have increased tolerance for elevated ER stress compared to normal cells, and this tolerance results in continued tumor cell proliferation under proteotoxic conditions. (tmc.edu)
Its active ingredients include basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) which is capable of stimulating cell growth and proliferation. (facemedstore.com)
Acts as a mediator between the cap-binding complex (CBC) and the primary microRNAs (miRNAs) processing machinery during cell proliferation. (genetex.com)
Overexpression of Notch1 can also supress proliferation in breast epithelial cells depending on dosage and cell type. (iyte.edu.tr)
It was recently identified that IRF6 is a mediator of Notch in proliferation and transformation of breast epithelial cells. (iyte.edu.tr)
In conclusion, our previous observation was supported that IRF6 is a mediator of Notch in cell proliferation. (iyte.edu.tr)
However, a function for SET8 in mammalian cell proliferation has not been determined. (rupress.org)
We show that small interfering RNA inhibition of SET8 expression leads to decreased cell proliferation and accumulation of cells in S phase. (rupress.org)
Therefore, KGF may be an important paracrine mediator of epithelial cell proliferation in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
Because stromal cells are thought to influence glandular proliferation in the primate endometrium, we investigated the hormonal regulation and cellular localization of KGF mRNA expression in the rhesus monkey uterus. (elsevierpure.com)
We conclude that the P-dependent increase in endometrial KGF resulted from a dual action of P: (a) a P-dependent induction of KGF expression in stromal cells, especially those in the basalis (zones III and IV), and (b) a P- dependent increase in the number of KGF-positive vascular smooth muscle cells caused by the proliferation of the spiral arteries. (elsevierpure.com)
Here, we investigated the effect of arecoline on the proliferation and migration of human HepG2 hepatoma cells and its potential oncogenic mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Compared with control group, 2.5 µM arecoline treatment increased the proliferation and migration ability of the HepG2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
A low concentration arecoline can induce the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells, with the potential mechanism of action linked to high levels of exosomal miR-21 and miR-1267, activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway, upregulation of CDK1 and CCND1, and downregulation of RAF1. (biomedcentral.com)
HDACi have shown to block Ras-reliant signaling and expansion transformation.41 Astonishingly, in HEL92.1.7 and MOLM-13 cells, the pracinostat IC50 on proliferation is lower compared to IC50 on inhibition of JAK2 or FLT3-ITD protein ranges, correspondingly. (immune-source.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paired tumor biopsies revealed increased nuclear accumulation of tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), decreased cell proliferation, and increased tumor cell apoptosis after treatment. (karyopharm.com)
ATF3 was found to be essential in controlling crucial processes such as proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis during the early response to treatment through the regulation of MAPK/AKT signaling pathways. (dissem.in)
Bae KM, Wang H, Jiang G, Chen MG, Lu L, Xiao L. Protein kinase C epsilon is overexpressed in primary human non-small cell lung cancers and functionally required for proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells in a p21/Cip1-dependent manner. (famri.org)

Inhibition of SIRT1 activity or SIRT1 silencing increased histone expression, restored cell cycle progression, diminished the replication-stress response, and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators in replicating T cells from old individuals. (korea.ac.kr)
This extensive sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes in the microvasculature, together with the production of inflammatory mediators, leads to the dysfunction of one or more peripheral organs, such as the lungs (acute respiratory distress syndrome), kidneys (acute kidney injury) or brain (coma) ( 6 , 7 ). (cdc.gov)

Chk1 facilitates the arrest of cell cycle progression and the inhibition of replication origin firing. (caltech.edu)
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Hog1 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) Far1 are both well-known for negatively regulating cell cycle progression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (unl.edu)
Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. (cubebiosystems.com)
Transforming growth factor (3(TGF-P) is a crucial mediator of mammary epithelial morphogenesis and can negatively regulate cell cycle progression. (uwo.ca)
Further evaluation of the UPR-mediated effects on cell cycle progression revealed that pancreatic cancer cells showed a compromised ability to inhibit G1 to S phase progression after ER stress. (tmc.edu)
Involved in cell cycle progression at S phase. (genetex.com)
For optimal responses, DNA repair must coordinate with other cellular processes, such as cell-cycle progression and programmed cell death. (the-scientist.com)
All somatic eukaryotic cells arrest progression through the cell cycle when their DNA is damaged, presumably because optimal repair of the damage would be a mechanistic challenge if the cell continued to replicate DNA or segregate chromosomes. (the-scientist.com)
Interestingly, the most primordial defense responses employed by myeloid cells against pathogens, such as complement activation, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, actually seem to favor cancer progression. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss how rudimentary defense mechanisms deployed by myeloid cells can promote tumor progression. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, we find that SET8 interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen through a conserved motif, and SET8 is required for DNA replication fork progression. (rupress.org)
Together, they are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. (umbc.edu)
Here we show that naive T cells from older individuals as well as miR-181ab1-deficient murine T cells develop excessive replication stress after activation, due to reduced histone expression and delayed S-phase cell cycle progression. (korea.ac.kr)
A growing body of evidence suggests that cell cycle progression and invasion through a basement membrane are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors in both development and disease states (reviewed in Kohrman and Matus, 2017 ). (elifesciences.org)

These regulatory actions help to render the afflicted cell into an arrested state which is less immediately threatening to the whole organism due to the inability of afflicted cells to replicate with damaged DNA, among other potential circumstances, giving the cell an opportunity to undergo DNA repair or apoptosis as the level of damage will dictate. (wikipedia.org)
The encoded protein responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate expression of target genes, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, or changes in metabolism. (cubebiosystems.com)
induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. (cubebiosystems.com)
LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. (cubebiosystems.com)
Quercetin also improve the action of the drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) promoting increased expression of p53 and apoptosis in breast cancer T47D cells [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, it was aimed to identify whether IRF6 has any effect on cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and breast cancer stem cell population (BCSCs) under Notch and whether IRF6 has a role in expression of luminal and basal markers in breast cell lines. (iyte.edu.tr)
Furthermore, these data showed that IRF6 has a novel role on early apoptosis and stem cell population independent of Notch signaling. (iyte.edu.tr)
Cell phone routine analyses suggest M-VCR-R is considered the most powerful mix in triggering reduction in G0/G1, G2/M arrest, overriding the spindle checkpoint resulting in elevated apoptosis currently-reliant manner (Figure 3B). (immune-source.com)
The overexpression of XPO1 is one mechanism by which neoplastic cells inactivate TSPs and thereby circumvent cell-cycle regulation, genome survey and apoptosis. (karyopharm.com)
Selinexor inhibits XPO1, resulting in the accumulation of TSPs and other key mediators in the nucleus, restoring cell-cycle checkpoints and inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in malignant cells. (karyopharm.com)
p53 mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or starvation for pyrimidine nucleotides. (thermofisher.com)

The processes of animal cell growth, differentiation and infection by viruses result from the differential expression of specific genes, controlled primarily at the level of transcription. (rockefeller.edu)
Adipose-derived MSCs, in particular, pose an attractive option for cell-based therapy due to their relatively decreased morbidity during isolation and potential for expansion and differentiation [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Multipotential differentiation of MSCs into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic cell lineages. (hindawi.com)
This protein also forms a core subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation (NURD) complex that epigenetically regulates embryonic stem cell differentiation. (cancerindex.org)
Jenkins MR, La Gruta NL, Doherty PC, Trapani JA, Turner SJ and Waterhouse NJ (2009) Visualizing CTL activity for different CD8+ effector T Cells supports the idea that lower TCR/epitope avidity may be advantageous for target cell killing, Cell Death and Differentiation 16: 537-542. (forwomeninscience.com.au)
Jenkins MR, Mintern J, La Gruta NL, Kedzierska K, Doherty PC and Turner SJ (2008) Cell cycle-related acquisition of cytotoxic mediators defines the progressive differentiation to effector status for virus-specific CD8+ T cells, Journal of Immunology 181:3818-3822. (forwomeninscience.com.au)

During this phase of the healing cycle, the inflammatory cells arrive at the site of injury. (advancedsofttissuerelease.com)
The previous two reactions are ceased and the affected area is cleared off the inflammatory cells and mediators. (advancedsofttissuerelease.com)
Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)

Triptolide (TPL), a diterpenoid triepoxide from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has exhibited attractive cytotoxic activity on several cancer cells. (techscience.com)
DSBs are cytotoxic lesions, which if left unrepaired could lead to genomic instability, cancer and even cell death. (springeropen.com)

Isoforms of Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (WT1) have distinct effects on mammary epithelial cells. (famri.org)

Genotoxic stress which specifically affects cells in S-phase is detected by the replication checkpoint. (caltech.edu)
SET8 depletion causes DNA damage specifically during replication, which induces a Chk1-mediated S-phase checkpoint. (rupress.org)
Remedy with alisertib up-controlled outrageous style p53 in Granta-519 MCL cells specifying G0/G1 arrest consequent to G2/M checkpoint activation. (immune-source.com)
The early preinvasive stage was characterized by cell-cycle checkpoint activation triggered by DNA replication stress and dramatic downregulation of basic transmembrane signaling processes that maintain epithelial/stromal homeostasis in the normal mucosa. (biomedcentral.com)

Pathogen clearance is mediated by mechanisms such as phagocytosis, respiratory burst with the production of ROS and RNS and release of bacteriostatic peptides, but also through the cell-extrinsic initiation of inflammation via the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines ( 24 ). (frontiersin.org)
Generally, after SARS-CoV-2 infects the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, antiviral and proinflammatory cytokines are released. (news-medical.net)
Thus, macrophages not only inhibit viral dissemination but can sense infected cells and infectious viral particles to subsequently elicit antiviral and proinflammatory programs. (news-medical.net)
ACE2-expressing THP-1 macrophages were able to sense newly synthesized viral RNA and trigger the expression of proinflammatory and antiviral mediators, which inhibited ongoing virion release. (news-medical.net)
Whereas many viruses have evolved for efficient propagation with minimal inflammation, bioselection of EnAd for rapid killing has yielded a virus with a short life cycle that combines potent cytotoxicity with a proinflammatory mechanism of cell death. (ox.ac.uk)

Replication blockages activate the ATR kinase which, in turn, activates the downstream effector kinase Chk1 through the mediator protein, Claspin. (caltech.edu)
The innate immune response by myeloid cells occurs as a succession of events starting at signaling through cytosolic or surface PRRs, followed by effector responses including the release of cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), antibacterial peptides and degranulation ( Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
PRR on myeloid cells can be triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), but also indirectly by secondary mechanisms such as complement activation and circulating antibodies (Abs), resulting in cytolytic and phagocytic effector mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Jenkins MR, Doherty PC and Turner SJ (2007) Heterogeneity of effector phenotype for acute phase and memory Influenza A virus-specific CTL, Journal of Immunology 179:64-70. (forwomeninscience.com.au)
T helper (Th) 2 cells, which recruit and accumulate in the lungs and produce a range of different effector cytokines. (cdc.gov)

However, this activation was kept in check both by specific proteins that were called "negative regulators" and by a series fo cells in teh immune system called 'regulatory cells' (including regulatory T cells or Tregs, myeloid derived suppressor cells or MDSCs, and possibly regulatory dendritic cells). (modianolab.org)
We pursued the concept of intrinsic negative regulation and showed that proteins such as NFATc2, Tob-1, and TGF-beta are important intrinsic negative regulators of T cell activation. (modianolab.org)
Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER lumen triggers the dissociation of GRP78 from its quiescent UPR mediators. (molvis.org)
This CAC is associated with the cell cycle and its regulation is affected by the tumor suppressor proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
In vitro mixture reports in a variety of cell phone product lines with either wt or mutant JAK2 or FLT3 also shown synergy, largely in cells that moved the mutant proteins. (immune-source.com)
Exportin 1 (XPO1) shuttles a wide variety of proteins, including TSPs and growth regulating proteins, from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm. (karyopharm.com)
Anabolic steroids are used for same 3 month pain mediators (proteins the market due to the following with it some good bacteria are also killed. (sideload.com)
By screening for proteins that colocalize with NHR-67 punctae, we identified new regulators of uterine cell fate maintenance: homologs of the transcriptional co-repressor Groucho (UNC-37 and LSY-22), as well as the TCF/LEF homolog POP-1. (elifesciences.org)

Arming vaccinia virus with immunostimulatory cytokines can enhance the tumor cell-specific replication and antitumor efficacy. (techscience.com)
This protein was found to also interact with DNA polymerase alpha/primase and mediate the phosphorylation of the large p180 subunit, which suggests a regulatory role in DNA replication during the S-phase of the cell cycle. (cancerindex.org)
In conclusion, SIRT1 inhibition may be beneficial to treat systemic viral infection in older individuals by targeting antigen-specific T cells that develop replication stress due to miR-181a deficiency. (korea.ac.kr)
The underlying mechanisms of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle have been elucidated using various epithelial cell lines. (news-medical.net)
In contrast to epithelial cells, human macrophages manifest an abortive replication cycle for many viruses, such as rhinovirus and seasonal influenza A viruses. (news-medical.net)
Even though HMDMs phagocytosed the virus, they did not allow early-phase viral replication or protein synthesis to induce inflammatory responses due to the absence of ACE2. (news-medical.net)
Cells have evolved with conserved recombination mediated genome editing pathways as a mean for repairing DSBs and restarting replication forks, thus allowing genome duplication to continue [ 8 ]. (springeropen.com)

Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. (genetex.com)

The DNA- damage response gene, p53 , is an important mediator of this cell-death pathway. (the-scientist.com)
These DE-miRNAs, hub genes and pathway were proved in arecoline-treated HepG2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Some SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as Omicron, also infect the host cell through the endocytic pathway. (news-medical.net)
Chemotherapeutic agents that damage DNA activate the p53 pathway and can initiate cancer cell death [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), which does not depend upon sequence homology, is the key repair pathway during the G0/G1 stages of the cell cycle [ 10 ]. (springeropen.com)

IRF6 overexpression induces cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells showing a tumor suppressor role. (iyte.edu.tr)
We therefore tested a chemotherapeutic agent (8-amino-adenosine) that induces p53-independent cell death for higher clinically relevant cytotoxicity. (oncotarget.com)

Myeloid innate immune cells, such as granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), play an important role in cancer-cell recognition, initiation of inflammation and antitumor responses ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
In accordance with this, EnAd-infected tumor cells showed potent stimulation of dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells in a mixed tumor-leukocyte reaction in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)

In the zebrafish, rprma mRNA is expressed in the olfactory placodes (OP) and olfactory epithelium (OE), rprmb is observed in the tectum opticum (TeO) and trigeminal ganglion (Tg), whereas rprml is found primarily in the telencephalon (Tel). At protein level, RPRM is present in a subset of cells in the OP, and neurons in the OE, TeO, hindbrain and sensory peripheral structures. (frontiersin.org)
Under conditions of moderate ER stress, the UPR promotes cell cycle arrest which allows time for successful protein load reduction and enables cell survival. (tmc.edu)
Activation of the unfolded protein response after ER stress induction was determined by comparing expression of key UPR mediators in non-tumorigenic pancreatic ductal cells to pancreatic cancer cells. (tmc.edu)
In conclusion, pancreatic cancer cells demonstrate a globally compromised ability to regulate the unfolded protein response. (tmc.edu)
During the anagen phase in particular, essential dietary elements including vitamins, minerals, and protein are required. (collective-spark.xyz)
The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein infects host epithelial cells by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and subsequently fusing the membranes. (news-medical.net)
However, macrophages support the early phase of viral infection, particularly the entry and synthesis of new viral RNA and protein. (news-medical.net)
In the nuclei of VU cells, residual NHR-67 protein is compartmentalized into discrete punctae that are dynamic over the cell cycle and exhibit liquid-like properties. (elifesciences.org)

During the process of airway inflammation, complex interactions of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as structural cells and their cytokines have many important roles. (cdc.gov)
Interleukin (IL)-9-producing subset called Th9 cell, Th22 cells which primarily secrete IL-22, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor- and Th25 cells via producing IL-25 are believed to be important for initiating allergic reactions and developing airway inflammation. (cdc.gov)

The conventional wisdom then, and until a few years ago was that, because T cells are highly specific (they only recognize one antigen among the millions possible), they would remain quiescent until they saw their precise antigen and would be driven through the cell cycle by pathways that regulate the cell cycle machinery. (modianolab.org)
Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. (cubebiosystems.com)
To this end, our specific objectives are to determine the nature and mechanism of action of both the general transcription initiation factors that are commonly used by all genes and the gene- and cell type-specific factors that directly regulate target genes in response to various growth, developmental and viral stimuli. (rockefeller.edu)

In addition to TAMs, solid tumors are also infiltrated by immunosuppressive, immature myeloid progenitor cells, commonly referred to as monocytic or polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M/PMN-MDSC) ( 11 - 13 ). (frontiersin.org)

Acute inflammation resolves within a few days and is characterized by a normal healing cycle. (advancedsofttissuerelease.com)
Hence, myeloid cells play a dual role in cancer as they can initiate antitumor responses and communicate with cells of the adaptive immune system, but also promote local inflammation leading to chronic cancer-associated inflammation ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
The drug is well and increased lean muscle, showed no prostate inflammation or cancer cells. (sideload.com)

These cells secrete inflammatory mediators which give rise to swelling, pain, redness, and warmth at the affected site. (advancedsofttissuerelease.com)

This gene thus plays a role in both cell-cycle and epigenetic regulation. (cancerindex.org)
Previous work has suggested that this action is mediated at least in part by regulation of the cell cycle gene Cdk6, which acts largely on the transition from G1 to S phase. (ed.ac.uk)
This study proposes ATF3 as a novel mediator of endocrine resistance development in breast cancer and elucidates its role in the regulation of downstream pathways activities. (dissem.in)
We propose a model in which association of NHR-67 with the Groucho/TCF complex suppresses the default invasive state in non-invasive cells, which complements transcriptional regulation to add robustness to the proliferative-invasive cellular switch in vivo . (elifesciences.org)

Reprimo (RPRM), is a gene located at human chromosome 2q23 whose expression in conjunction with p53, along with other genes which are p53-induced, is associated with the arrest of the cell cycle at the G2 phase. (wikipedia.org)
Following acute cortex-specific deletion of Pax6, Cdk6 showed changes in expression a day earlier than any other Pax6-regulated cell cycle gene suggesting that it is the primary mediator of Pax6's actions. (ed.ac.uk)

Specifically, activation of CDK4 was a central mediator of the transition from the G0 to the G1 phase. (modianolab.org)
We propose a model in which loss of Pax6 shortens G1 phase by raising overall Cdk6 levels, thereby shortening the time taken for Cdk6 levels to cross a threshold triggering transition to S phase. (ed.ac.uk)
CdkB has been shown to associate with both cyclin B, which controls G2/M transition, and cyclin D, which acts as a mediator in linking extracellular signals to the cell cycle. (umbc.edu)
Thus, angiogenesis is a necessary and required step for transition from a small harmless cluster of cells to a large tumour and is also required for the spread of a tumour, invasion and/or metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
M transition in the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
S transition in the cell cycle, upregulated expression of tumor-promoting microenvironmental factors, and profound dysregulation of metabolic pathways (e.g., increased aerobic glycolysis, downregulation of pathways that metabolize drugs and xenobiotics). (biomedcentral.com)

The human SMCC/Mediator complex has recently been shown to be equivalent to the earlier-described TRAP complex and, through subunit specific interactions, to mediate the function of a variety of activators (including several nuclear receptors, the tumor suppressor p53, and the herpes virus activator VP16). (rockefeller.edu)
In this paper, we review the current literature on both in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of the immune system in fracture repair, the use of MSCs in the enhancement of fracture healing, and interactions between MSCs and immune cells. (hindawi.com)
In this work, we propose a new approach to identifying condition-related cooperative interactions, and importantly, we establish a cell cycle-specific cooperation module network. (biomedcentral.com)

The precise spatial and temporal impact of immune cells and their cytokines on fracture healing remains obscure. (hindawi.com)
Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
Immune cells abundantly infiltrate tumors, creating a complex environment mediated by repetitive cycles of antitumor responses and immune evasion ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
There were also significant differences in microbial composition in dust samples and in innate immune cells between the two groups of children. (medscape.com)

Our results are consistent with the known functions of both cell cycle inhibitors: Hog1 as an acute osmotic stress response and Far1 as a mediator of the less immediate mating process. (unl.edu)
In addition to STS, selinexor has received Orphan Drug Designation from the U.S. FDA for use in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). (karyopharm.com)

Validated models of the budding yeast cell cycle regulatory network were inputted into the Boolean modeling-based Cell Collective platform, and simulation graphs of these models were used to elucidate and compare the impacts of Hog1 and Far1. (unl.edu)

Pursuant to this, reprimo's expression during the G2 phase of the cell cycle ultimately results in the reduction of Cdc2 expression, and in the inhibition of the nuclear translocation of cyclin B1 which is necessary to its function. (wikipedia.org)
SB939 proved potent inhibition primarily in JAK2V617F- or FLT3-ITD-harboring cell phone lines (Body 2a). (immune-source.com)
Importantly, etoposide and actinomycin D treatments increased histone H3K36 trimethylation in T/T, but not G/G cells, suggesting a G/G correlated inhibition of transcription elongation. (oncotarget.com)

By comparing FoxA1 binding sites in prostate cancer cell genomes, we defined a codependent set of FoxA1-MYBL2 and FoxA1-CREB1 binding sites within the regulatory regions of the Cyclin E2 and E2F1 genes that are critical for CRPC growth. (uthscsa.edu)
Abrogation of cyclin D1 repression was mediated through a slow induction of phosphorylation of eIF2α, a critical mediator of translational attenuation in response to ER stress. (tmc.edu)

Mechanistic investigations indicated that FoxA1, MYBL2, or CREB1 induction of histone H3 acetylation facilitated nucleosome disruption as the basis for codependent transcriptional activation and G 1 to S-phase cell-cycle transit. (uthscsa.edu)

There was no significant change in the S phase in mice were treated DPE 125 mg/kg BW and 500 mg/kg BW, while administration of DPE 250 mg/kg BW was able to increase the percentage of cells in S phase. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results showed that IRF6 knockdown in normal breast epithelial cell line, MCF10A, reduced percentage of cells in S-phase, which was increased by Notch activation. (iyte.edu.tr)

Here, we investigated this dichotomy in vivo by examining two cell types in the developing Caenorhabditis elegans somatic gonad that derive from equipotent progenitors, but exhibit distinct cell behaviors: the post-mitotic, invasive anchor cell and the neighboring proliferative, non-invasive ventral uterine (VU) cells. (elifesciences.org)
In human tumor biopsies maintained in ex vivo culture, EnAd mediated release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6, and HMGB1. (ox.ac.uk)

This is because this cosmetic procedure doesn't address the genetic component of types of hair loss, especially androgenetic alopecia, and only works by regulating tissue repair mediators. (facemedstore.com)

Pancreatic cancer cells exhibited altered UPR activation characterized by a delay in both phosphorylation of eIF2α and induction of spliced XBP1. (tmc.edu)

Ali MA, Choy H, Habib AA, Saha D. SNS-032 prevents tumor cell-induced angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor. (famri.org)

It's also capable of prolonging the anagen phase or the growth phase of the hair growth cycle and of regulating anti-apoptotic (anti-programmed cell death) mediators. (facemedstore.com)
Human hair, which is comprised of approximately 100,000 hair follicles, grows in three phases, including the active growing or " anagen phase ," which represents 90% of the hairs, the degeneration or " catagen phase ," representing less than 10% of hairs, and the resting or " telogen phase " in which hair is shed, representing 5% to 10% of the hairs. (collective-spark.xyz)

Cell-based therapy utilizing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an attractive option for augmenting the fracture repair process. (hindawi.com)
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types (Figure 1 ), including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
In situ hybridization with nonradioactive digoxigenin- labeled cDNA probes revealed that the KGF mRNA signal, which was present only in stromal and smooth muscle cells, was substantially increased by P primarily in the stromal cells located in the basalis region. (elsevierpure.com)

The normal process of fracture repair begins with an immediate inflammatory response as the innate immune system (macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and NK cells) responds with a variety of cytokines that recruit and activate several cell types, including osteoprogenitor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to the site of injury [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, more recent studies have revealed the potential collaboration of other helper T cells and their cytokines in this process. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the possible roles of newly identified helper T cells derived cytokines (IL-9, 17, 22, 25 and IL-33) in asthma. (cdc.gov)

We hypothesized that MDM2 in these cells inhibited transcription initiation at the p53 target genes p21 and puma . (oncotarget.com)
Surprisingly, following etoposide treatment transcription initiation occurred at the compromised target genes in MANCA and A875 cells similar to the T/T ML-1 cell line. (oncotarget.com)

Initially, we focused on signals that activate the cell cycle machinery. (modianolab.org)
For example, neuronal cell death after stroke or in several neurodegenerative disorders likely occurs via programmed cell death responding to cellular stress signals. (the-scientist.com)

As the expression of reprimo is controlled by p53, which is in turn controlled by a wide array of convergent signal pathways pertaining to DNA damage or nutrient depravity, its presence is expected within cells which would cause damage should they be freely allowed to replicate. (wikipedia.org)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment in advanced stage like IIIB, IIIC, and IV is based on several driver mutations analysis including mutations/alterations of the epidermal growth factor receptor, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ROS1, and PDL-1 expression. (asjo.in)
MSCs are able to evade the host cell immune system due to their low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and complete lack MHC class II molecules and other costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD40L, CD80, and CD86) required for immune cell stimulation [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Smooth muscle cells in the myometrium and the walls of the spiral arteries also expressed KGF mRNA, but the degree of this expression did not differ with hormonal state. (elsevierpure.com)
One age-associated defect in human T cells is the reduced expression of miR-181a. (korea.ac.kr)
We found that knockdown of MDM2 in G/G cells moderately increased expression of subsets of p53 target genes without increasing p53 stability. (oncotarget.com)

In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), FoxA1 acts as an androgen receptor cofactor to drive G 2 to M-phase cell-cycle transit. (uthscsa.edu)

The enhancer pioneer transcription factor FoxA1 is a global mediator of steroid receptor (SR) action in hormone-dependent cancers. (uthscsa.edu)

Retinal degeneration is progressive deterioration of the retinal cells, eventually culminating in their death. (molvis.org)

TP53 is found in increased amounts in a wide variety of transformed cells. (cubebiosystems.com)
p53 is found in very low levels in normal cells, however, in a variety of transformed cell lines, it is expressed in high amounts, and believed to contribute to transformation and malignancy. (thermofisher.com)

During development of the hermaphroditic reproductive system, the proximal granddaughters of the Z1 and Z4 somatic gonad progenitors, Z1.pp and Z4.aa, give rise to four cells that will adopt one of two cellular fates: a proliferative ventral uterine (VU) cell or the terminally differentiated, invasive anchor cell (AC) ( Figure 1A ) ( Kimble and Hirsh, 1979 ). (elifesciences.org)

Our findings establish FoxA1 as a pivotal driver of the cell-cycle in CRPC which promotes G 1 to S-phase transit as well as G 2 to M-phase transit through two distinct mechanisms. (uthscsa.edu)
Thus, we must rely on the elegant mechanisms our cells have developed to repair damage. (the-scientist.com)
Single-strand breaks are easily fixed, but double-strand breaks require the complex mechanisms of nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination, the latter only being useful in late S, G 2 or M phases of the cell cycle, when homologous chromosomes are present in the cell. (the-scientist.com)
3 Such cellular-suicide mechanisms can eliminate cells that could present problems for the whole organism because of alterations in the DNA or difficulties in dealing with stressful stimuli. (the-scientist.com)
These results are consistent with previous studies and demonstrate that our methodology is effective for studying cooperative mechanisms in the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)

Northern blot analysis of total RNA with 32 P-labeled probes revealed that the level of KGF mRNA in the endometrium was 70-100-fold greater in the luteal phase or after P treatment than in untreated, E 2 - treated, or follicular phase animals. (elsevierpure.com)

However, once the need for the chaperone activity of GRP78 is satisfied, it gradually reassociates with PERK, IRE1, and ATF6, thus inactivating these signaling mediators, resolving the UPR signaling, and reestablishing homeostasis. (molvis.org)

Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is an important immune mediator, as well as a broad-spectrum tumor suppressor. (techscience.com)
Riboflavin is important not only for metabolism of macronutrients but it is also important for cell function, growth, and development and is used as an antioxidant for the immune system and for healthy skin and hair. (collective-spark.xyz)
We show that the fates of these cells post-specification are more plastic than previously appreciated and that levels of NHR-67 are important for discriminating between invasive and proliferative behavior. (elifesciences.org)
Th9 cells were first identified as a Th2 subpopulation have many important roles. (cdc.gov)

It replicates selectively in and kills a diverse range of carcinoma cells, shows effective anticancer activity in preclinical systems, and is currently undergoing phase I/II clinical trials. (ox.ac.uk)

11 (1) : 2978 ARS2/MAGL signaling in glioblastoma stem cells promotes self-renewal and M2-like polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. (genetex.com)

However, these immunotherapeutic approaches are hampered by the tumor-promoting nature of myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
Based on the findings of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), viral RNA has been detected within macrophages in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from COVID-19 patients. (news-medical.net)
Since human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) do not express ACE2, these cells were used as in vitro models for ACE2-negative macrophages. (news-medical.net)

These results provide a global view of the cell cycle and the method can be used to discover the dynamic coordination properties of functional components in other cellular processes. (biomedcentral.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
A growing body of evidence suggests that cell division and basement membrane invasion are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors. (elifesciences.org)

T cells share structural features of the T cell antigen receptor. (modianolab.org)
Jenkins MR, Tsun A, Stinchcombe J and Griffiths GM (2009) The strength of T cell receptor signal controls the polarization of cytotoxicity machinery to the immunological synapse, Immunity 31: 621-631. (forwomeninscience.com.au)

Anatomy25

Organisms13

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs114

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes79

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Proliferation23

Production of inflammatory mediators2

Progression14

Apoptosis11

Differentiation6

Inflammatory cells3

Cytotoxic2

Mammary epithelial1

Checkpoint4

Proinflammatory5

Effector5

Proteins8

Replication7

Freeze-thaw cycles1

Pathway5

Induces2

Dendritic cells2

Protein8

Airway2

Regulate3

Myeloid derived suppressor cells1

Inflammation3

Secrete1

Regulation4

Gene2

Transition6

Interactions3

Immune cells4

Acute2

Budding yeast1

Inhibition3

Cyclin2

Histone1

Percentage of cells in S phase2

Vivo2

Regulating tissue1

Phosphorylation1

Prevents1

Anagen phase2

Stromal cells3

Cytokines3

Initiation2

Signals2

Expression6

Acts1

Cancers1

Retinal cells1

Variety of transformed2

Somatic1

Mechanisms5

MRNA1

IRE11

Important4

Anticancer Activity1

Promotes1

Macrophages3

Cellular3

Receptor2