• Guerrero-Beltrán, C.E. Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/15487 (accessed December 05, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • In this sense, biomaterials can be categorized into polymers, liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles, where each will show a different type of bioactivity. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • This approach allowed to prepare apatite nanoparticles as a single hydroxyapatite phase when the used Tb3+ concentrations were (i) ≤ 0.005 M at all maturation times or (ii) = 0.010 M with 4 h of maturation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Foliar spray of calcium borate Nanoparticles (CaB 4 O 7 -NPs) was applied as a nano-fertilizer on Lactuca sativa and Cucurbita pepo , the application of CaB 4 O 7 -NPs promoted shoot and root biomass production of lettuce by 2.7 and 1.9-fold compared to the untreated plants, respectively [14]. (jchemrev.com)
  • The treatment of the Blackeye bean plant with hybrid chitosan-calcium oxide nanoparticles increased the growth of the plant by 8 cm and 10.7 cm compared with 6 cm for the untreated plant [15]. (jchemrev.com)
  • The urea-modified hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were encapsulated into cavities of the softwood of Gliricidia sepium , such nano-fertilizer composition exhibited a moderate and controlled delivery of nitrogen at three divergent pH values (4.2, 5.2, and 7) up to day 60 compared to the commercial fertilizer [19]. (jchemrev.com)
  • It is believed that ACP hydrolyzes under physiological temperatures and pH to form octacalcium phosphate as an intermediate, and then surface apatite. (wikipedia.org)
  • In aqueous media, ACP is easily transformed into crystalline phases such as octacalcium phosphate and apatite due to the growing of microcrystallites. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, this study aimed to compare the changes in the volume of two different bone substitutes-one based on carbonate apatite and the other on octacalcium phosphate-used in maxillary sinus floor elevation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The immediate postoperative volume of octacalcium phosphate was 95.3775 mm3 per piece of grafting material used. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings with and without octacalcium phosphate (OCP) were uniformly formed on pure magnesium by a hydrothermal treatment using a Ca-EDTA solution. (elsevierpure.com)
  • It is formed of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), silica (SiO₂), calcium silicate (Ca₂SiO₄), hydroxylapatite (Ca₁₀P₆O₂₆), calcium carbonate and phosphate (Ca₁₀(PO₄) 6CO₃) and silicate calcium and magnesium (Ca₅MgSi₃O₁₂). (waset.org)
  • Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes d'entartrage: Influence de la matière humique dans l'inhibition de la croissance cristalline du carbonate de calcium, INSA Toulouse (1994). (waset.org)
  • 9] A. Kamari, F. Gharagheizi, A. Bahadori and A.H. Mohammadi, Determination of the Equilibrated Calcium Carbonate (Calcite) Scaling in Aqueous Phase Using a Reliable Approach. (waset.org)
  • Barnes DH, Jugdaosingh R, Kiamil S, Best SM (2 011) Shelf Life and Chemical Stability of Calcium Phosphate Coatings Applied to Poly Carbonate Urethane Substrates. (omicsonline.org)
  • This paper examines the chemical stability of CaP coatings that were applied to a poly carbonate urethane (PCU) substrate by an aqueous, low temperature technique. (omicsonline.org)
  • Calcium sulphate (CaSO 4 ) and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) are the other two popular choices of crosslinkers, however due to their lower solubility within an aqueous solution the gelation time is slower. (nature.com)
  • For example, the presence of calcium during struvite precipitation can decrease mineral purity by co-precipitating calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate minerals with struvite. (rsc.org)
  • Fifty percent of plasma calcium is ionized, 40% is bound to proteins (90% of which binds to albumin), and 10% circulates bound to anions (eg, phosphate, carbonate, citrate, lactate, sulfate). (medscape.com)
  • In this study, we develop an integrated process for the direct recovery and separation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate for fertilizer and livestock feed additive production from a low-grade (2.0 wt% P) iron-rich (19.7 wt% Fe) phosphate ore. (rsc.org)
  • The developed process achieves around 70% phosphorus recovery as an industrial-grade (19 wt% P) dicalcium phosphate dihydrate product with minimal iron, magnesium, and aluminum contamination, while also producing value-added calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) and iron/magnesium byproducts. (rsc.org)
  • 40% P 2 O 5 ), while livestock feed additives are usually in the form of dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO 4 ), monocalcium phosphate (Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 ), or defluorinated phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ). (rsc.org)
  • This means the amount of dicalcium phosphate required is higher to achieve the same dosage of calcium in the final product. (hawkinswatts.com)
  • Literature data on equilibria between solid calcium phosphates having the apatite structure and aqueous solutions containing Na + and CO 3 2- ions were reexamined in view of the present data about the complexation of ions in such systems. (degruyter.com)
  • Zhang and Ma have developed [ 25 ] a highly porous biodegradable polymer/apatite composite scaffold (95% porosity) through a thermally induced phase separation technique, which resulted in significant improvement in mechanical properties compared to polymer-only scaffold. (hindawi.com)
  • For this reason, in the recent five years hydroxyapatite particles and whiskers have been added as novel bioactive and biocompatible reinforcing filler in dental restorations. (hindawi.com)
  • It was demonstrated that the crystal phase and microstructure of the calcium phosphate-coatings can vary with the pH of the treatment solution. (elsevierpure.com)
  • It is revealed that the degree of protection afforded by calcium phosphate-coatings varies with their crystal phase and microstructure. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This paper discusses the processes of grit-blasting, plasma spraying, acid-etching, anodization and implant surface coatings with hydroxyapatite. (com.pk)
  • Ahmed F, Rashid H, Farookhi S, Verma V, Mulyar Y, Khalifa M, Sheikh Z. Surface modifications of endosseous dental implants by incorporation of roughness and hydroxyapatite coatings. (com.pk)
  • Despite numerous studies on the dissolution properties of calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings, the coating "shelf life" (i.e. the chemical stability of these coatings prior to implantation), has not been investigated adequately, particularly for CaP coatings applied to polymeric substrates. (omicsonline.org)
  • Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings are applied to the surface of a range of orthopaedic implants to enhance the interfacial bonding between the implant and host tissue. (omicsonline.org)
  • Hydroxyapatite and other calcium phosphate coatings have been investigated extensively for clinical applications due to their ability to form a direct bond with living bone, a property often referred to as "bioactivity" [ 2 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • Numerous prior studies have investigated the dissolution of CaP coatings, such as hydroxyapatite, in conditions designed to simulate physiological conditions, i.e. typically at pH 7.4 and at ~37 °C [ 3 - 7 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is a glassy solid that is formed from the chemical decomposition of a mixture of dissolved phosphate and calcium salts (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • The composition of amorphous calcium phosphate is CaxHy(PO4)z·nH2O, where n is between 3 and 4.5. (wikipedia.org)
  • A commercial preparation of ACP is casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), derived from cow milk. (wikipedia.org)
  • Amorphous calcium phosphate in combination with casein phosphopeptide has been used as a dental treatment to treat incipient dental decay. (wikipedia.org)
  • A systematic evaluation of mechanical and biocompatibility properties of different volume fractions of hydroxyapatite whiskers in comparison with three commercial dental composites filled with micro- and nanosilica particles was carried out. (hindawi.com)
  • Six groups with different hydroxyapatite whiskers mass fractions were taken into account in order to be compared with the performances of silica particles based composites group. (hindawi.com)
  • With this aim, different mass fraction of hydroxyapatite based composites and three commercial composites loaded with silica particles were tested and compared in order to verify the effective enhancement in both biocompatibility and mechanical properties. (hindawi.com)
  • Composites with varied proportions of beta-Ca-3(PO4)(2) and ZnO were obtained through an in situ aqueous precipitation method under slightly basic (pH approximate to 8) conditions. (ua.pt)
  • Hydroxyapatite-PMMA composites. (dokumen.pub)
  • Hydroxyapatite-PS composites. (dokumen.pub)
  • Extending the reaction time for low temperature reactions improves the HAp formation efficiency, meanwhile this also promotes precipitation of another calcium phosphate- CaHPO4 · 2H2O together with HAp. (metu.edu.tr)
  • The process combines leaching using dilute sulfuric acid (0.29 M) and selective precipitation using calcium oxide. (rsc.org)
  • Hybrid anion exchange resin containing hydrous ferric oxide (HAIX-Fe) was used in column tests to remove phosphate (PO 4 ) from fresh urine, hydrolyzed urine, and anaerobic digester filtrate, and subsequently recover PO 4 as struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 ·6H 2 O) or potassium struvite (MgKPO 4 ·6H 2 O) via precipitation in the spent regenerant. (rsc.org)
  • Title: Calcium chloride and sodium phosphate in neonatal parenteral nutrition containing TrophAmine: precipitation studies and aluminum content. (aablocks.com)
  • 11 Calcium phosphate-coated implants have been described in the literature which demonstrate early direct bone attachment to the hydroxyapatite surface and this occursas quickly as one month post-operatively. (com.pk)
  • Many modern orthopaedic implants are coated with calcium phosphate to improve the host tissue response to the implants. (omicsonline.org)
  • Hydroxyapatite, a type of calcium phosphate that is similar to the mineral component of bone, is the most commercially popular calcium phosphate coating for biomedical implants [ 1 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • Indeed, in a study originally aimed to show that the bonding phenomenon is chemical in nature, surface topography changes in the micrometer range were observed in hydroxyapatite ceramic implants, suggesting that micromechanical interlocking contributed to the bonding mechanism [8]. (toysis.pics)
  • The resulting amorphous mixture consists mostly of calcium and phosphate, but also contains varying amounts of water and hydrogen and hydroxide ions, depending on the synthesis conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Calculations support the description of a cluster with central Ca2+ ion surrounded by six phosphate PO43− anions, which in turn are surrounded by eight further calcium ions. (wikipedia.org)
  • The idea behind it is that the posner molecules meld and release calcium-ions which stimulises the neurons. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation of beta-Ca-3(PO4)(2) phase starts at an early heat-treatment stage (similar to 800 degrees C) and incorporates Zn2+ ions at both Ca2+(4) and Ca2+(5) sites of the lattice up to its occupancy saturation limit. (ua.pt)
  • However, if adding to a hot beverage or developing a high acid, shelf-stable beverage such as a fruit or coffee flavour, this will increase the solubility of the tricalcium phosphate, releasing more free mineral ions in the system and allowing adverse interactions. (hawkinswatts.com)
  • Data obtained show better interfacial interaction with filler/matrix until 20 wt% of hydroxyapatite whiskers partially replaced silica particles filler. (hindawi.com)
  • In fact, it was shown that the incorporation of hydroxyapatite with whiskers morphology can provide larger load transfer and favor toughening mechanisms, thus, increasing flexural modulus and fracture toughness of resins in comparison with conventional silica based fillers [ 6 - 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This information is of primary interest in order to achieve a final consistency and specific formulation of hydroxyapatite whiskers mixed with silica particles filler in resin composite. (hindawi.com)
  • In particular, six different ratios of hydroxyapatite/silica particles were investigated. (hindawi.com)
  • citation needed] ACP lacks the long-range, periodic atomic-scale order of crystalline calcium phosphates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) has a hexagonal prismatic structure that exposes two crystalline surfaces: prism-faceted a- and basal-faceted c-surfaces. (osti.gov)
  • article{osti_1543698, title = {Effects of Controlled Crystalline Surface of Hydroxyapatite on Methane Oxidation Reactions}, author = {Oh, Su Cheun and Xu, Jiayi and Tran, Dat T. and Liu, Bin and Liu, Dongxia}, abstractNote = {Hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) has a hexagonal prismatic structure that exposes two crystalline surfaces: prism-faceted a- and basal-faceted c-surfaces. (osti.gov)
  • This transformation is reversible, with gypsum or calcium sulfate hemihydrate forming anhydrite by heating to ~200°C under normal atmospheric conditions.The hemihydrate phase has two different forms, alpha and beta, that differ by their crystalline structure and their hardness. (bauersmiles.com)
  • Phosphorus supplements are usually produced from high-grade phosphate rock concentrates (28-40 wt% P 2 O 5 ). (rsc.org)
  • The main role of phosphate supplements is to deliver soluble and bioavailable phosphorus to plants and livestock as crop fertilizers or animal feed additives. (rsc.org)
  • The analysis of the scale reveals that it is rich in calcium and phosphorus. (waset.org)
  • ICP-OES was used to measure the calcium and phosphorus concentrations of the immersion solution. (omicsonline.org)
  • Phosphorus does not exist in elemental form in the natural environment because elemental P is extremely reactive and readily combines with oxygen (O) to form phosphate (PO 4 ). (ufl.edu)
  • Recovery of phosphorus (P) from various types of wastewater has been proposed as a more sustainable alternative to phosphate rock mining due to concerns about the finite supply of phosphate rock, economic scarcity of phosphate, and the critical need for P in agriculture and food production. (rsc.org)
  • First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate Ca(NO3)(2),4H(2)O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)(2)H PO4]. (csircentral.net)
  • Commercial grade calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO4·0.5H2O, or plaster of paris, PoP) an economically feasible and abundant precursor has been used in (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp) synthesis. (metu.edu.tr)
  • The synthesis was realized by reacting solid PoP precursor with 1M of (NH4)2HPO4 aqueous solution, at ambient and mild hydrothermal conditions (2 ± 0.2 atm and 120 °C). The effect of reaction temperature and pressure on PoP to HAp conversion efficiencies and reaction kinetics has been reported. (metu.edu.tr)
  • HAp synthesis was achieved by reacting 1 M of (NH4)2HPO4 (or 0.5 M of (NH4)2HPO4) solutions with solid calcium sulfate precursors under ambient pressure (1 atm) and hydrothermal-like (2 ± 0.2 atm, 120 °C) conditions. (metu.edu.tr)
  • We have now succeeded in preparing BPO4 from H3BO3 and P2O5 using hydrothermal synthesis by heating at 160 degreesC for 2 days and obtained a single phase product. (metu.edu.tr)
  • Synthesis of Hybrid Polyphenol/Hydroxyapatite Nanomaterials with Anti-Radical Properties. (upmc.fr)
  • In the wet phosphoric acid process, the phosphate rock is reacted with sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), producing gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) and aqueous phosphoric acid (reaction (1) ). (rsc.org)
  • Calcium sulfate is available in three different phases: i.e. hemihydrate (CaSO4 * 1/2H2O), dihydrate (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O), and anhydride (CaSO 4 ). (bauersmiles.com)
  • Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone. (csircentral.net)
  • Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers. (csircentral.net)
  • Title: Citrate, not phosphate, can dissolve calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals and detach these crystals from renal tubular cells. (aablocks.com)
  • Recalculations showed that all solutions were undersaturated or just saturated with respect to either brushite or octocalciumphosphate or more or less finely dispersed calcite and supersaturated with respect to pure hydroxylapatite. (degruyter.com)
  • At present the most frequent choice of ionic crosslinker is Calcium Chloride (CaCl 2 ) as it typically leads to rapid gelation due to its high solubility in aqueous solutions 21 . (nature.com)
  • For example, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) has a high mineral content and low cold solubility (0.02%), but α-TCP decomposes to hydroxyapatite in hot water (80-100°C). Standard oat milk is around neutral pH, and heat processing is a short time, so the solubility of the mineral remains intact. (hawkinswatts.com)
  • Calcium sulfate hemihydrate transforms into dihydrate when it encounters water or aqueous solution, forming a solid mass in a process called setting. (bauersmiles.com)
  • Calcium sulfate is highly biocompatible and, since it is entirely replaced by bone, is biodegradable, having the ability to promote bone formation. (bauersmiles.com)
  • Hydrothermal reaction also hampers the formation of secondary phases, most likely originating from the impurities of low grade PoP precursor. (metu.edu.tr)
  • After this threshold, the mechanical performances decrease dramatically due to both the hydroxyapatite agglomerates formation and the low degree of resin conversion. (hindawi.com)
  • Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been the gold standard in the biomedical field due to its composition and similarity to human bone. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Unfolded phosphopeptides are believed to sequester ACP nanoclusters and form stable complexes in other biofluids such as urine and blood serum, preventing deposition of insoluble calcium phosphates and calcification of soft tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results of the physicochemical analysis of the waters show that they are full of bicarbonates (653 mg/L), chloride (478 mg/L), nitrate (412 mg/L), sodium (425 mg/L) and calcium (199mg/L). Their pH is slightly alkaline. (waset.org)
  • In addition, biocompatibility test showed less cytotoxic effect with the addition of 20 wt% of hydroxyapatite in comparison with higher rates. (hindawi.com)
  • To overcome the present lack in the literature about hydroxyapatite based composite, we proposed a systematic analysis of the mechanical and biocompatibility performances of them in comparison with commercial dental composite. (hindawi.com)
  • It has been demonstrated that ACP has better osteoconductivity and biodegradability than tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sections through the quasi-sextary phase diagram were constructed which are representative for the system under simulated in vivo conditions. (degruyter.com)
  • Méthodologie expérimentale : plans statistiques d'expérience, en particulier dans le domaine des biomatériaux (planification d'expériences in vitro et in vivo). (epfl.ch)
  • Studies have shown that it does form a remineralized phase of hydroxyapatite consistent with the natural enamel. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the main biomineral component in enamel and dentine, hydroxyapatite is responsible for their higher mechanical performances. (hindawi.com)
  • An important inorganic phase of synthetic bone applications, calcium hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca-10(PO4)(6)(OH)(2)), was prepared as a single-phase and sub-micron bioceramic powder. (metu.edu.tr)
  • Nanocrystalline and nanostructured TiO2-Cr2O3 thin films and powders were prepared by a facile and straightforward aqueous particulate sol-gel route at low temperature of 400°C. The prepared sols showed a narrow particle size distribution with hydrodynamic diameter in the range of 17.7 nm to 19.0 nm. (sharif.edu)
  • X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the powders crystallized at low temperature of 400°C, containing anatase-TiO2, rutile-TiO2, and Cr2O3 phases, depending on the annealing temperature. (sharif.edu)
  • X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the powders were crystallised at the low temperature of 400 °C containing anatase-TiO2, rutile-TiO2 and cassiterite-SnO2 phases, depending on annealing temperature and Sn:Ti molar ratio. (sharif.edu)
  • Temperature dependent EXAFS studies to probe local structural changes across structural and magnetic phase transition. (rrcat.gov.in)
  • Why ( and how ) did researchers of the previous century use blood plasma-like synthetic biomineralization solutions , instead of distilled or deionized water, to synthesize biomimetic calcium phosphates? (cuneyttas.com)
  • How to synthesize calcium phosphates in biomimetic saline solutions, over the pH range of 9 to 12.5 , without adding any strong base such as NH 4 OH, NaOH or KOH? (cuneyttas.com)
  • In addition, hydroxyapatite whiskers (wHA) have been considered the best option as reinforcing filler in comparison with other whiskers based on carbon, ceramic, glass, metal, and polymer due to the absence of cytotoxicity effects [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In wastewater, P exists as one of several possible phosphate compounds including orthophosphate, polyphosphates, and organic phosphate (Crites and Tchobanoglous 1998). (ufl.edu)
  • 2. Organic Phosphate is contributed by human excreta (feces) and food residues. (ufl.edu)
  • Organic phosphates are present in sugars, phospholipids, and nucleotides. (ufl.edu)
  • Title: Comparison of patient acceptance of sodium phosphate versus polyethylene glycol plus sodium picosulfate for colon cleansing in Japanese. (aablocks.com)
  • The idea behind the development of biphasic calcium sulfate was to avoid adding any additives, polymers, or accelerators in order not to change or interfere with the purity of the material and its efficient and known clinical characteristics. (bauersmiles.com)
  • 2 The phosphate rock is converted to phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) which is used to produce phosphate fertilizers. (rsc.org)
  • 6 Thus, P recovery from the most concentrated waste streams that comprise domestic wastewater, such as human urine and anaerobic digester sidestreams, 7,8 would provide an alternative to phosphate rock fertilizers while having the important benefits of decreasing nutrient loading to receiving waters and reducing operational problems caused by mineral scaling at wastewater treatment plants. (rsc.org)
  • Bone augmentation is done in either the hemihydrate phase, the dihydrate phase, or a combination of both. (bauersmiles.com)
  • In order to overcome the disadvantages of the dihydrate form of calcium sulfate, companies offer calcium sulfate in a post-setting form, i.e., dihydrate. (bauersmiles.com)
  • Now the clinician can use the material directly in its dihydrate phase without concern for improper crystallization or poor mechanical properties. (bauersmiles.com)
  • Thus the defect will always be implanted with the calcium dihydrate form during the post-setting phase. (bauersmiles.com)
  • 1,4-6 The P 2 O 5 grade, mineral form, and calcium content of these products are critical for their effective performance in their target applications and their market value. (rsc.org)
  • Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body, vital for healthy bones and teeth. (hawkinswatts.com)
  • Hydroxyapatite: Structure and properties. (dokumen.pub)
  • The advantage of using calcium sulfate in its hemihydrate form is its cementlike properties. (bauersmiles.com)
  • The biphasic calcium sulfate overcomes its predecessors by providing moldability and cementability properties even in the harsh environment of blood and saliva. (bauersmiles.com)
  • The viscosity of the fluid phase also has an impact but this is primarily determined by the desired organoleptic properties. (hawkinswatts.com)
  • Following investigations into the composition of amorphous calcium phosphates precipitated under different conditions, Posner and Betts suggested in the mid-1970s that the structural unit of ACP was a neutral cluster Ca9(PO4)6. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concentration of calcium phosphate is higher in milk than in serum, but it rarely forms deposits of insoluble phosphates. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the laboratory, stored samples of formulations of artificial blood, serum, urine and milk (which approximate the pH of the naturally occurring fluid) deposit insoluble phosphates. (wikipedia.org)
  • see Serum Calcium . (medscape.com)
  • The parathyroid gland has a remarkable sensitivity to ionized serum calcium changes. (medscape.com)
  • Title: Interaction of the non-phosphorylated peptide G7-18NATE with Grb7-SH2 domain requires phosphate for enhanced affinity and specificity. (aablocks.com)