Phase variation. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the NHANES III, 89 survey locations were randomly divided into 2 sets or phases, the first consisting of 44 and the other, 45 locations. (cdc.gov)
From NHANES II (conducted during 1976-1980) to Phase 1 of NHANES III (conducted during October 1988-September 1991), the geometric mean (GM) BLL for persons aged 1-74 years declined from 12.8 ug/dL to 2.9 ug/dL, and the prevalence of elevated BLLs (BLLs greater than or equal to 10 ug/dL) decreased from 77.8% to 4.4% (3). (cdc.gov)

Phase and amplitude of diurnal rhythms were quantified using new techniques that fitted sinusoids to heart rate (HR) and acceleration signals. (nature.com)
Barr, A. D. (2016) dispersion.m - A MatLab script for phase angle and amplitude correction of pressure bar signals. (shef.ac.uk)

If excision is precise and the original sequence of DNA is restored, reversible phase variation can be mediated by transposition. (wikipedia.org)
One of the most common mechanisms of phase variation is reversible expansion or contraction of homopolymeric tracts (HPTs). (biomedcentral.com)
For instance, drug tolerant MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS arises through rapid reversible mutations in the glpK gene through phase variation. (bvsalud.org)

The extent of genetic and phenotypic variability of phase-variant B. henselae has previously been underestimated. (microbiologyresearch.org)
This process, named phase variation, is thought to enhance phenotypic variability under homogeneous conditions ultimately increasing population fitness in unpredictable environmental fluctuations. (nih.gov)

in both BPD and BD reducing the variability of sleep phase may be a way to reduce variability of subjective mood. (nature.com)
Phase variability may be an important mechanism in B. pertussis for evasion of the immune system and adaptation to different niches in the human host. (biomedcentral.com)

An analysis of the motion of a spherical bubble in a two-phase, single component system with a vertical linear temperature gradient is presented. (aps.org)
We explain this inconsistency by demonstrating that the temperature of the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic phase transition in methylammonium lead triiodide depends on the concentration and nature of local defects. (lu.se)
It is a widely available resource, which undergoes cyclic phase changes under the natural Martian temperature variations. (rt.com)

Phase variation contributes to virulence by generating heterogeneity. (wikipedia.org)

The variation application sought to amend the s.36 consent granted on 21 December 2016 to allow the maximum installed consented capacity to increase from 18 Megawatts ("MW") to a maximum of 29.9MW. (gov.scot)

Recent work has revealed that Clostridioides difficile, a major cause of nosocomial diarrheal disease, exhibits phenotypic heterogeneity within a clonal population as a result of phase variation. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, we provide evidence that CmrRST phase varies during infection, suggesting that the intestinal environment impacts the proportion of CmrRST-expressing C. difficile. (nih.gov)
Our findings indicate that C. difficile employs phase variation of the CmrRST signal transduction system to generate phenotypic heterogeneity during infection, with concomitant effects on bacterial physiology and pathogenesis. (nih.gov)
The full extent of phase variation mediated by DNA-inversions in C. difficile is currently unknown. (nih.gov)
Overall, our results support the idea that C. difficile has adopted phase variation mediated by DNA inversions as its major generator of diversity which could be beneficial during the pathogenesis process. (nih.gov)

Is phase variation in Bordetella caused by mutation and selection? (bvsalud.org)

Prognostic evaluation of percentage variation of metabolic tumor burden calculated by dual-phase (18) FDG PET-CT imaging in patients with head and neck cancer. (univ-brest.fr)
Purpose:To investigate the effects of scanning parameters and respiratory patterns on the image quality for 4-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography(4D-CBCT) imaging, and assess the accuracy of computed tumor trajectory for lung imaging using registration of phased 4D-CBCT imaging with treatment planning-CT. (aapm.org)

Calcium promotes exopolysaccharide phase variation and biofilm formati" by Katherine L. Garrison-Schilling, Brenda L. Grau et al. (lsu.edu)
This indicates that the rpoX gene is involved in biofilm formation and stress response but the effects are controlled by colony phase variation in V. alginolyticus . (hindawi.com)
Based on this, we wanted to identify this protein in V. alginolyticus ZJ-51 and study whether it has a role in biofilm formation and stress response in the two colony phase variants. (hindawi.com)

The apparent scarcity of variation in the B. pertussis genome is unusual among bacterial pathogens, in which extensive genomic plasticity is thought to contribute to host immune evasion [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Phase variation is one means by which B. pertussis might adapt to host immune surveillance and vaccine-induced immune responses without loss or acquisition of genomic fragments [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Unlike other mechanisms of phase variation, epigenetic modifications do not alter DNA sequence and therefore it is the phenotype that is altered not the genotype. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple mechanisms of Prn placed WCVs in many industrialized countries for primary inactivation were documented, including IS 481 and IS 1002 disruptions, a variation within a homopolymeric tract, and and booster vaccinations against pertussis. (cdc.gov)
An adaptive mechanism used by microbes to avoid detection by the host or adapt to changes in environment by randomly and rapidly switch on and off of a gene by various mechanisms between on and off phases. (bvsalud.org)

Phase variation of Opa proteins of Neisseria meningitidis and the effects of bacterial transformation. (ox.ac.uk)

Bubbles and particles were modeled as discrete phases using Lagrangian method. (nottingham.edu.cn)

Understanding each of these phases is important for improving your overall strategy and winning percentage. (royalpalmcarwash.com)

Characterization of these tissues for Phase I and Phase II metabolic enzymes has been performed to elucidate variation in metabolism. (cdc.gov)

Normalised phase velocities are then used to calucate Tyas and Wilson's (2001) factors M 1 and M 2 , which account for wavelength-dependent radial variations in strain and Young's modulus, respectively. (shef.ac.uk)
The three-phase velocities under higher gravity are larger than those of the ow under normal gravity are. (nottingham.edu.cn)

PCM Phase Change Material (PCM) can be used as a heat storage to boost the water production of a solar still desalination unit. (iaras.org)

The relationships between normalised frequency and phase velocity, M 1 and M 2 can be used to account for first-mode dispersion effects in pressure bar measurements using programs such as dispersion.m . (shef.ac.uk)
¹ Variations of the same frequency and constant phase difference are referred to as coherent. (lu.se)

In biology, phase variation is a method for dealing with rapidly varying environments without requiring random mutation. (wikipedia.org)

Bubbles were treated as spherical without shape variations. (nottingham.edu.cn)

The transient ow characteristics of the three-phase ow under 1 g and 2 g gravitational conditions were studied, and the effects of gravity were analyzed. (nottingham.edu.cn)
The results show that gravity has magnificent effect on the ow characteristics of three-phase gas-liquid-particle ows in bubble columns. (nottingham.edu.cn)
Therefore, unbiased national estimates of health and nutrition characteristics can be independently produced for each phase as well as for both phases combined. (cdc.gov)
However, in traditional design styles, the characteristics of delay variations have not been considered. (ieice.org)

Outer-membrane protein variation is seen in association with phase variation, but lipopolysaccharide expression is preserved in piliated as well as extensively passaged non-piliated isolates. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The majority of opa genes in UK disease isolates (315/463, 68.0%) were in the 'on' phase, suggesting the importance of Opa proteins during invasive disease. (ox.ac.uk)

CONCLUSIONS: During the initial months of the pandemic, we found substantial variations in incidence of COVID-19-related admissions in nine European countries. (ox.ac.uk)

We show that phase-variable loci are widespread with some sites being present in virtually all analyzed strains. (nih.gov)

Whenever the strain field of a nanostructure is successfully reconstructed from reciprocal space measurements, it cannot vary considerably in short distances since this would induce diffraction peak broadening and cause abrupt phase variations, leading to convergence issues on reconstruction algorithms. (lu.se)

Using a standard CBCT-QA phantom(Catphan500, The Phantom Laboratory), the image qualities of all phases in 4D-CBCT were evaluated with contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR) for lung tissue and uniformity in each module. (aapm.org)
The uptake of the gas-phase DEP via inhalation was four times higher compared to the particle phase DEHP, which reflects the differences in the lung deposition of gases and particles. (lu.se)

Although all indoor and outdoor residential use has been phased out and cancelled, additional exposure potentials exist as a result of home gardening activities and pet pest control. (cdc.gov)
A human exposure study was conducted to elucidate the dermal and inhalation uptake in 16 volunteers from exposure to airborne gas- and particle phase phthalates, with participants wearing clean clothing. (lu.se)

Analysis of child and adult behavioral variations by phase of medical procedure. (bvsalud.org)

The preparation of samples usually involves variations of solid-phase extraction (SPE), and/or liquid/liquid extraction with organic solvents. (cdc.gov)

A novel non-iterative phase retrieval method is proposed and demonstrated with a proof-of-principle experiment. (holoeye.com)
Stated differently, this earlier body of work has successfully demonstrated the "internal generalization" of the hologram reconstruction and phase retrieval networks to new objects of the same sample type as used in training. (nature.com)

An outer membrane protein Antigen 43 (Ag43) in E. coli is controlled by phase variation mediated by two proteins, DNA-methylating enzyme deoxyadenosine methyltransferase (Dam) and the oxidative stress regulator OxyR. (wikipedia.org)

The emissions of particle phase PAHs, BC, and organic aerosol showed strong correlations at the stressed burning of candles, and may be used as proxies for each other. (lu.se)

Literature shows a variety of crystal phase transition temperatures and often a spread of the transition over tens of degrees Kelvin. (lu.se)
Phase transition in individual nanowires was studied by photoluminescence microspectroscopy and super-resolution imaging. (lu.se)
The existence of relatively pure tetragonal domains during the phase transition leads to drastic photoluminescence enhancement, which is inhomogeneously distributed across perovskite microcrystals. (lu.se)

individual phase estimates may be highly variable. (cdc.gov)
In addition, individual phase estimates are not statistically independent. (cdc.gov)
It is also difficult to evaluate whether differences in individual phase estimates are real or due to methodological differences. (cdc.gov)

In the usual phase, a promoter sequence promotes the expression of the H2 flagella gene along with a repressor of H1 flagella gene. (wikipedia.org)

We identified an atypical phase-variable signal transduction system consisting of a histidine kinase and two response regulators, named herein colony morphology regulators RST (CmrRST), which mediates the switch in colony morphology and motility behaviors. (nih.gov)
V. alginolyticus ZJ-51, isolated from diseased grouper, has shown colony phase variation between opaque/rugose (Op, opaque variant) and translucent/smooth (Tr, translucent variant). (hindawi.com)

Deep learning-based image reconstruction methods have achieved remarkable success in phase recovery and holographic imaging. (nature.com)
Here we introduce a deep learning framework, termed Fourier Imager Network (FIN), that can perform end-to-end phase recovery and image reconstruction from raw holograms of new types of samples, exhibiting unprecedented success in external generalization. (nature.com)

Phase variation of a Type IIG restriction-modification enzyme alters site-specific methylation patterns and gene expression in Campylobacter jejuni strain NCTC11168. (pacb.com)
The impact of individual variation on the metabolism of occupational/environmental chemicals can be estimated by accurately quantifying the expression of the pertinent enzyme(s) in human tissues. (cdc.gov)

The Eag I/ Hha I infrequent restriction site-PCR fingerprint, which has been previously used to discriminate between serotypes Marseille and Houston, is shown to alter with phase variation in vitro , and there is evidence that genetic change accompanies these events. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Beyond holographic microscopy and quantitative phase imaging, FIN and the underlying neural network architecture might open up various new opportunities to design broadly generalizable deep learning models in computational imaging and machine vision fields. (nature.com)

Each phase, in turn, is divided into smaller components. (hubpages.com)

However, HR varied in all phases of the treatment, with a higher variation on the day of surgery. (bvsalud.org)

When this wavepacket is fully coherent, its phase can be determined by an interference technique (named RABBIT) involving two-photon transitions: two-photon absorption of a high-order harmonic and a laser photon, and absorption of the next harmonic close to the resonance and emission of a laser photon, leading to the creation of a sideband. (lu.se)

Using this method, allelic diversity and phase variation were demonstrated at several B. pertussis loci. (biomedcentral.com)
The phasevelocity.m script finds the first root of Bancroft's (1941) equation using the bisection method, for a defined Poisson's ratio, and over a defined range of normalised wavelength (d/L). The result is the normalised phase velocity, c p /c 0 , which corresponds to the first mode of propagation for longitudinal waves in an elastic cylindrical bar. (shef.ac.uk)
Numerical simulations of three-phase gas-liquid-particle ows under 1 g and 2 g gravitational conditions were performed with an Eulerian-Lagrangian method. (nottingham.edu.cn)

Single-phase AC motors are simpler, often used in low-power applications where efficiency and torque control are less critical. (reportlinker.com)

At this time, there is no valid statistical test for examining differences between phase 1 and phase 2. (cdc.gov)

The model for the migration of an immiscible bubble considered by Young, Goldstein and Block is modified to allow for phase change at the bubble surface, including the possibility of both bubble translation and the change of bubble radius with time. (aps.org)

Opa proteins undergo phase variation (PV) due to the presence of the 5'-CTCTT-3' coding repeat (CR) sequence. (ox.ac.uk)

Gene conversion is another example of a type of phase variation. (wikipedia.org)
If your objectives match these standard phase plates then you are lucky, if not this type of phase apparatus has one very good advantage over other types. (microscopy-uk.org.uk)

8] W. Wannes, B. Mhamdi, B. Marzouk, "Variations in essential oil and fatty acid composition during Myrtus communis var. (sciencepubco.com)
We found strong variations between the candle types in emissions of PM2.5, BC, and PAHs, as well as strong variations over time, depending on the wax and wick composition. (lu.se)
NOx, formaldehyde, and gas-phase PAHs showed less variation between candle types and proved difficult to reduce by altering the wax and wick composition. (lu.se)

We propose that upon cooling from 160 to 140 K, domains of the crystal containing fewer defects stay in the tetragonal phase longer than highly defected domains that readily transform to the high bandgap orthorhombic phase at higher temperatures. (lu.se)

Independent Water Networks Limited has published a NOTICE under section (8)(2)(a) of the Water Industry Act 1991 stating that it has applied for a variation to be the water supply provider at Kingsgate East Phase. (ofwat.gov.uk)

A video clip taken by Edward of the beating cilia of a protozoan using phase contrast was shown in the January 1999 Micscape. (microscopy-uk.org.uk)

In this paper, we discuss about timing signal design considering delay variations in the future process technology. (ieice.org)

All one has to do is to alter the inner phase ring, with the use of a circle cutter, and a bit of tricky centring with the objective. (microscopy-uk.org.uk)

On the other hand, there are many timing signals like a clock signal in synchronous systems, a strobe signal based on asynchronous bundled-data transfer circuits, and dual-rail encoded data in asynchronous circuits based on the 4-phase handshake protocol. (ieice.org)

Alternating current (AC) motors come in two primary types: single-phase and multi-phase. (reportlinker.com)

Variations across Europe in hospitalization and management of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 during the initial phase of the pandemic: Multi-national population-based cohort study using the International Network of Obstetric Survey Systems (INOSS). (ox.ac.uk)

Anatomy10

Organisms27

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs42

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment48

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes98

Disciplines and Occupations8

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science10

Named Groups5

Health Care32

Geographicals6

NHANES III2

Amplitude2

Reversible3

Phenotypic variability2

Variability2

Temperature3

Virulence1

20161

Difficile5

Bordetella1

Tumor2

Biofilm3

Genomic2

Mechanisms3

Neisseria1

Discrete1

Winning percentage1

Characterization1

Velocities2

Solar1

Frequency2

Mutation1

Spherical1

Characteristics4

Isolates2

Incidence1

Strains1

Convergence1

Lung2

Exposure2

Adult1

Involves1

Retrieval2

Protein1

Correlations1

Transition3

Estimates3

Promotes1

Colony2

Reconstruction2

Enzyme2

Genetic1

Computational1

Smaller1

Treatment1

Coherent1

Method3

Simpler1

Differences1

Bubble1

Sequence1

Type2

Composition3

Higher1

Water1

Shown1

Process1

Alter1

Signals1

Single1

Initial phase1