In multicellular organisms, and more particularly in animals with a well-developed immune system, phagocytosis is mostly performed by specialized, professional phagocytes: macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
We conclude that glucose exerts its effect on the macrophage, not on the bacterium, in the glucose-dependent nonopsonic phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa and that glucose transport via GLUT1 by the macrophages is required to trigger ingestion. (aai.org)
The unique glucose dependency for phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa by macrophages may contribute to the pathogenicity of this bacterial species in CF patients. (aai.org)
Mechanism involved in interleukin-21-induced phagocytosis in human monocytes and macrophages Clinical & Experimental Immunology , vol. 187 , nº 2. (inrs.ca)
Previously, we reported that IL-21 enhances Fc gamma receptor (FcRγ)-mediated phagocytosis in human monocytes and in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) and identified Syk as a novel molecular target of IL-21. (inrs.ca)
Repolarization of ChemR23-expressing M1 macrophages with 10 nM RvE1 increases IL-10 transcription and phagocytosis of microbial particles, leading to a resolution-type macrophage distinct from the M2 phenotype. (aai.org)
Receptors able to mediate phagocytosis are expressed almost exclusively in neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, and receptor clustering is thought to occur upon particle binding which in turn generates a phagocytic signal, activating the phagocytic process [ 3345 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Throughout these scholarly studies, no order IWP-2 proof continues to be discovered by us that Cx43 is necessary for phagocytosis, or that macrophages produced from mice missing Cx43 screen any impairment of phagocytic uptake, a prerequisite for bactericidal activity, when compared with macrophages produced from outrageous type pets. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Phagocytosis Assays Fetal liver-derived and bone tissue marrow-derived macrophages had been plated in non-tissue lifestyle treated 24-well plates (CytoOne) at a thickness of 5105 cells per well in comprehensive medium. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Particles9
Results: A significant reduction in phagocytosis of zymosan particles was also observed. (cdc.gov)
We observed a significant reduction in phagocytosis of zymosan particles in PMs from WTmice treated with SPD-MAA. (cdc.gov)
Here we have explored pulmonary innate recognition of a variety of fungal particles, including zymosan, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus, and demonstrate that opsonisation with surfactant components can limit inflammation by reducing host-cell fungal interactions. (nih.gov)
Phagocytosis requires the internalization of a significant fraction of the plasma membrane, which results in the intracellular deposition of large particles [ 3354 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
In the case of receptor-mediated phagocytic binding, dansylcadaverine, amantadine, and rimantadine induce inhibition of endocytosis of complement-coated zymosan particles by human peripheral PMN leukocytes. (nanomedicine.com)
The membrane-active drug procaine inhibits the phagocytosis of latex particles by normal monocytes and the proliferation of lymphocytes in an allogeneic mixed leukocyte culture [ 3361 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Fully quantify phagocytosis with no manual cell counting High-throughput 96-well format Convenient quantitation in a standard microplate reader NOTE: This assay is suitable only for adherent phagocytes. (cellbiolabs.com)
Macrophage phagocytosis2
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) inhibits alveolar macrophage phagocytosis of polystyrene beads, with maximum inhibition of 46% at 0.1 µM concentration [ 3316 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Having less a job for Cx43 in macrophage phagocytosis is within sharp comparison with a report by Anand et al. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Oxidative burst3
The 3'-phosphoinositide metabolites produced by phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases are known to be involved in regulating numerous monocyte activities including phagocytosis, adherence, oxidative burst, and cytokine secretion. (ubc.ca)
The role of p110α in regulating cell adherence, phagocytosis, the phagocyte oxidative burst, and LPS-induced cytokine secretion was examined. (ubc.ca)
The phagocyte oxidative burst induced in response to either PMA or opsonized zymosan in differentiated THP-1 cells was also found to be dependent on p110α. (ubc.ca)
M phi binding and phagocytosis of unopsonized P. aeruginosa appeared to occur by a mechanism independent of complement receptor 3 and mannose receptors. (jci.org)
Once physical contact with a phagocyte has occurred, particle binding to specific cell surface receptors is the first step in the phagocytosis of a medical nanorobot. (nanomedicine.com)
Several pathways of phagocytic signal transduction have been identified [ 3345 ], including the activation of tyrosine kinases or serine/threonine kinase C, leading to phosphorylation of the receptors and other proteins which are recruited at the sites of phagocytosis. (nanomedicine.com)
Aeruginosa5
ingestion of unopsonized zymosan, opsonized P. aeruginosa, EIgG, and E (IgM)C occurred in the presence or absence of glucose as did-ingestion of unopsonized P. aeruginosa by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (jci.org)
Phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa killed by tobramycin or Formalin was glucose dependent, suggesting that the glucose exerted its effects on the M phi rather than the bacteria. (jci.org)
The predilection of P. aeruginosa for lower airway disease in patients with cystic fibrosis might be explained in part by the unique dependency upon glucose for M phi phagocytosis. (jci.org)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the predominant respiratory tract pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), and its resistance to phagocytosis may contribute to its virulence. (aai.org)
Glucose transport inhibitors blocked both [3H]-2-deoxy-glucose (2dG) uptake and phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa. (aai.org)
Microbial molecules (pathogen associated molecular patterns, PAMPs), such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide and fungal zymosan , can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β secretion in the presence of ATP [1] . (invivogen.com)
Promotes1
Here, we elucidate further how IL-21 promotes phagocytosis in these cells. (inrs.ca)
Neutrophil1
This inhibitory effect is maximized at 0.1 nM concentration [ 3365 ], and inhibition of neutrophil mobility and phagocytosis "could be carried out through an increase of the intracellular cAMP levels" [ 3319 , 3365 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Microorganisms1
Phagocytosis of invading microorganisms by immune cells was first discovered by the father of cellular immunology Ilya Metchnikoff in 1882, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize. (frontiersin.org)
Microbes1
Phagocytosis is a term coined from the Greek to describe the receptor-mediated engulfment and degradation of dead cells and microbes. (frontiersin.org)
In today's research, we analyzed phagocytic uptake of three distinctive phagocytic target contaminants (sheep erythrocytes, zymosan, and ((Sigma) was fluorescently tagged using the DyLight 649 labeling package (Thermo Scientific) or using pHrodo crimson succinimidyl ester package (Invitrogen) regarding to manufacturers guidelines. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Phagocytosis of sheep erythrocytes (sRBCs) IgG-opsonized sheep erythrocytes (sRBCs) had been order IWP-2 put into wells at a focus on to macrophage proportion of 100:1 (to make sure a good amount of obtainable goals) or 10:1. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Uptake1
Dexamethasone inhibits phagocytosis by human trabecular meshwork (eye) cells in vitro, with polystyrene particle uptake reduced from 3.5 beads/cell to 1.5 beads/cell, a 57% reduction [ 3364 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Common mechanisms of recognition, engulfment, and degradation of the different types of cargo are assumed, but very little is known about the shared and specific molecules involved in the phagocytosis of each target by microglia. (frontiersin.org)
Phagocytosis has been traditionally studied in pathological conditions, leading to the assumption that microglia have to be activated in order to become efficient phagocytes. (frontiersin.org)
More importantly, the functional consequences of microglial phagocytosis remain largely unexplored. (frontiersin.org)
Demonstrate1
Using a pharmacological approach, we demonstrate that IL-21 enhances phagocytosis by activating some mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT pathways. (inrs.ca)
Addition1
In addition, microglia phagocytoses brain-specific cargo, such as axonal and myelin debris in spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, amyloid-β deposits in Alzheimer's disease, and supernumerary synapses in postnatal development. (frontiersin.org)
State1
The present review will summarize the current state of the literature regarding the role of microglial phagocytosis in maintaining tissue homeostasis in health as in disease. (frontiersin.org)
Response1
Overall, phagocytosis is considered a beneficial phenomenon, since it eliminates dead cells and induces an anti-inflammatory response. (frontiersin.org)
Found1
In HMDM, IL-21 was found to enhance phagocytosis of zymosan. (inrs.ca)
Important1
The CD11/CD18 complex is part of the beta-2 integrin family and is important in adhesion and phagocytosis (see Table 1). (medscape.com)