• Cell biology of phagocytosis has been mainly established on bone marrow-derived tissue macrophages. (frontiersin.org)
  • Phagocytosis of invading pathogens by macrophages is a key component of this initial response. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Morphine has been shown to negatively impact macrophage function by impairing the proliferation of macrophage progenitor cells, inhibiting cytokine secretion leading to decreased chemotaxis, hindering the ability of macrophages to directly phagocytize pathogens, and inhibiting nitric oxide production. (uspharmacist.com)
  • Investigation of P. levii virulence factors ( 6 , 7 ) indicated that this microorganism is able to synthesize an anti-IgG 2 protease ( 8 ) and to reduce macrophage chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst. (cdc.gov)
  • Such "silent" clearance is mediated by the innate immune system via polarized monocyte/macrophage populations that use a range of PRRs and soluble molecules to promote binding and phagocytosis of ACs. (aston.ac.uk)
  • 1993. Role of alveolar macrophage chemotaxis and phagocytosis in pulmonary clearance responses to inhaled particles: Comparisons among rodent species. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, SP-A and SP-D stimulate phagocytosis and chemotaxis and regulate cytokine production by multiple immune cells. (fz-borstel.de)
  • however, there is evidence that there is reduced interleukin (IL)-8 and keratinocyte-derived cytokine production, resulting in impaired chemotaxis. (uspharmacist.com)
  • The agent activated T-cell differentiation, T-cell recognition of peptide-MHC complexes, induced changes in intracellular composition of cyclic nucleotides, and activated neutrophilic chemotaxis and phagocytosis. (nih.gov)
  • Increased oxidant, free radical scavenging, and neutrophilic (immune cell) activity in chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and microbial killing support immunological health. (concordia.style)
  • Chemotaxis , a kind of taxis , is the phenomenon in which bodily cells, bacteria , and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. (wikidoc.org)
  • In multicellular organisms, chemotaxis is critical to development as well as normal function. (wikidoc.org)
  • Phagocytosis has been traditionally studied in pathological conditions, leading to the assumption that microglia have to be activated in order to become efficient phagocytes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Adherence reaction mediated through the CR receptors on phagocytes lead to stimulation of phagocytosis, activation of metabolism and secretory function and movement of phagocytes into the inflammatory site. (dadamo.com)
  • BTK's role in signaling through the B-cell surface receptors results in activation of pathways necessary for B-cell trafficking, chemotaxis, and adhesion. (medscape.com)
  • The second group of receptors reacts with small complement fragments (C4a, C3a, C5a) as well as with C1q, Ba, Bb and factor H. Stimulation of these receptors results in various biological effects (chemotaxis, secretion of vasoactive amines, mediators of the inflammatory and anaphylactic reaction etc. (dadamo.com)
  • Although migration of cells was detected from the early days of the development of microscopy ( Leeuwenhoek ) , erudite description of chemotaxis was first made by T.W. Engelmann (1881) and W.F. Pfeffer (1884) in bacteria and H.S. Jennings (1906) in ciliates . (wikidoc.org)
  • Phagocytosis removes foreign particles from the lymph as it moves from the interstitial spaces to the bloodstream. (healthjade.net)
  • Phagocytosis of invading microorganisms by immune cells was first discovered by the father of cellular immunology Ilya Metchnikoff in 1882, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize. (frontiersin.org)
  • The present review will summarize the current state of the literature regarding the role of microglial phagocytosis in maintaining tissue homeostasis in health as in disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • Common mechanisms of recognition, engulfment, and degradation of the different types of cargo are assumed, but very little is known about the shared and specific molecules involved in the phagocytosis of each target by microglia. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chemotaxis is one of the most basic cell physiological responses. (wikidoc.org)
  • Foreign substances filtered by the lymph nodes are trapped by (a)_____ _____ ______. (b)_____ then destroy some foreign substances by phagocytosis and (c)_____ bring about the destruction of others by immune responses. (easynotecards.com)
  • Overall, phagocytosis is considered a beneficial phenomenon, since it eliminates dead cells and induces an anti-inflammatory response. (frontiersin.org)
  • La réanimation agressive, la prise en charge nutritionnelle, l'excision chirur- gicale complète des plaies infectées, la fermeture rapide des plaies, les greffes et la mise au point d'une chimiothérapie locale et systémique efficace ont permis d'améliorer grandement le taux de morbidité et de mortalité chez les patients brûlés. (who.int)
  • The explanation for the advanced periodontal destruction may include the disturbance in NE chemotaxis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Phagocytosis is a term coined from the Greek to describe the receptor-mediated engulfment and degradation of dead cells and microbes. (frontiersin.org)
  • On November 3 , 2006 , Dr. Dennis Bray of University of Cambridge was awarded the Microsoft European Science Award for his work on chemotaxis on E. coli . (wikidoc.org)
  • The most important aspects in quality control of chemotaxis assays were described by H. Harris in the 1950s. (wikidoc.org)
  • Phagocytosis is a Greek-derived term which literally means the cellular process of eating. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Nobel Prize Laureate E. Metchnikoff also contributed to the study of the field with investigations of the process as an initial step of phagocytosis . (wikidoc.org)
  • In addition, it has been recognized that mechanisms that allow chemotaxis in animals can be subverted during cancer metastasis . (wikidoc.org)
  • In addition, microglia phagocytoses brain-specific cargo, such as axonal and myelin debris in spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, amyloid-β deposits in Alzheimer's disease, and supernumerary synapses in postnatal development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chemotaxis is called positive if movement is in the direction of a higher concentration of the chemical in question, and negative if the direction is opposite. (wikidoc.org)