• Macrophages initiate phagocytosis by mannose receptors, scavenger receptors, Fcγ receptors and complement receptors 1, 3 and 4. (wikipedia.org)
  • Macrophages are long-lived and can continue phagocytosis by forming new lysosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • By then evidences were mounting that leucocytes can perform cell eating just like protists, but it was not until Metchnikoff showed that specific leukocytes (in his case macrophages) eat cell that the role of phagocytosis in immunity was realised. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phagocytosis of unopsonized Pseudomonas aeruginosa by murine macrophages is a two-step process requiring glucose. (jci.org)
  • The purpose of the present study was to define factors that regulate the capacity of macrophages to mediate nonopsonic phagocytosis. (jci.org)
  • Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Dermcidin-Containing Migrasomes enhance LC3-Associated Phagocytosis of Pulmonary Macrophages and Protect against Post-Stroke Pneumonia. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Methods For phagocytosis assays, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) from WT or p50(-/-) mice were stimulated with IFNγ or IL-4 and combined with PSMA Ab or IgG control, or transduced with empty vector (EV) or PSMA.CAR. (bmj.com)
  • Phagocytosis was confirmed using CFSE-labelled macrophages and pHrodo-Red-labeled MyC-CaP/PSMA cells. (bmj.com)
  • This study examined the roles of SOCS1 and SOCS3 peptide mimetics on the phagocytosis of fluorescently labeled malignant target cell by RAW264.7 murine macrophages. (wright.edu)
  • When M1 (pro-inflammatory) polarized macrophages were treated with a SOCS1 peptide mimetic, an increase in phagocytosis was observed, but a SOCS3 peptide mimetic had no effect on phagocytosis. (wright.edu)
  • Neither SOCS1 nor 3 peptide mimetics showed a significant effect on the phagocytosis ability of the M2 (anti-inflammatory) polarized macrophages when target cells were stained with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE). (wright.edu)
  • When target cells were treated with anti-CRT, phagocytosis was decreased by both M1 and M2 polarized macrophages. (wright.edu)
  • When M2 macrophages were treated with SOCS3 peptide mimetic and target cells were blocked with anti-CRT, which initiates apoptosis, an increase in phagocytosis compared to unblocked target cells was observed. (wright.edu)
  • Overall this study provides a mechanism by which SOCS1/3 peptide mimetics can enhance phenotypic specific phagocytosis of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. (wright.edu)
  • Phagocytosis was performed by incubation of macrophages for 30 minutes with EA or LA cells in the presence of human serum (HS) and depicted as phagocytosis index (PI, number of Jurkatt internalized by 100 macrophages). (biomedcentral.com)
  • SAP binds to late apoptotic cells and is involved in the phagocytosis of these cells by human monocyte derived macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To study the phagocytosis of macrophages on the early biofilm cells of E. coli on polydimethylsiloxane, a biomaterial with different surface hardness. (syr.edu)
  • CFU cell counting, flow cytometry and inverted fluorescence microscope were used to detect the difference in macrophages Phagocytosis of E. coli biofilm cells on surface hardness materials. (syr.edu)
  • CFU cell count was applied to detect macrophages phagocytosis of E. coli biofilm cells on materials with different surface hardness. (syr.edu)
  • RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Bacteria were inoculated first and then macrophages were added to the experiment: CFU cell count, flow cytometry technology and inverted fluorescence microscope detection showed that as the surface hardness of the material increased, the phagocytosis of macrophages increased and the number of E. coli biofilm cells decreased. (syr.edu)
  • 2) Macrophages were inoculated first and then bacteria were added to the experiment: CFU cell count test showed that as the surface hardness of the material increased, the phagocytosis of macrophages increased and the number of bacterial cells decreased. (syr.edu)
  • 3) The results show that with the increase of the hardness of polydimethylsiloxane, the efficiency of macrophages phagocytosis of E. coli biofilm cells is higher. (syr.edu)
  • Elevated P CO2 also decreased phagocytosis of opsonized polystyrene beads and heat-killed bacteria in THP-1 and human alveolar macrophages. (northwestern.edu)
  • Excess α-synuclein compromises phagocytosis in iPSC-derived macrophages. (dementiasplatform.uk)
  • In this study we investigated whether Amb and FLU had other, more subtle effects on C. neoformans that could contribute to their therapeutic efficacy, C. neoformans cells were grown in media with subinhibitory concentrations of either AmB or FLU and analyzed for cellular charge, phagocytosis by macrophages with antibody and complement opsonins, appearance by scanning electron and light microscopies, and release of the capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan into the culture medium. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Phagocytosis studies demonstrated that exposure of C. neoformans to subinhibitory concentrations of Arab or FLU enhanced phagocytosis by macrophages. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Mechanism involved in interleukin-21-induced phagocytosis in human monocytes and macrophages Clinical & Experimental Immunology , vol. 187 , nº 2. (inrs.ca)
  • Previously, we reported that IL-21 enhances Fc gamma receptor (FcRγ)-mediated phagocytosis in human monocytes and in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) and identified Syk as a novel molecular target of IL-21. (inrs.ca)
  • Additionally, phagocytosis, a function microglia share with other tissue macrophages, is critical to their role in brain disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Receptors for phagocytosis can be divided into two categories by recognised molecules. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, in particular focusing on the related receptors for recognition and internalization of pathogens as well as the downstream signal pathways and intracellular regulators involved in the process of hemocyte phagocytosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • M phi binding and phagocytosis of unopsonized P. aeruginosa appeared to occur by a mechanism independent of complement receptor 3 and mannose receptors. (jci.org)
  • In addition, these studies suggest that intracellular signaling via CR3 is usually proinflammatory and harmful in AD and that C3-brought on phagocytosis of A is beneficial when mediated by receptors other than CR3. (nos-nop.org)
  • Efficient phagocytosis also depends on recognition of ligands, intracellular signaling by multiple receptors, successful endosomal trafficking, lysosomal digestion and product recycling, and protection of surrounding cells from bystander cytotoxic effects (46). (nos-nop.org)
  • Microglial CR3-mediated phagocytosis has also been shown to be dependent on DAP12, PKC, DAG, cAMP, MLCK, and Rho/Rock signaling pathways, all of which could be modulated pharmacologically or by other endogenous receptors (49C52). (nos-nop.org)
  • We now evaluate whether we can enhance wild-type (WT) or p50-IMC tumor localization and/or the phagocytosis of PSMA+ prostate cancer cells by expressing a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) on IMC, or by combining IMC with PSMA antibody (Ab), which binds to the surface of myeloid cells via their Fc receptors. (bmj.com)
  • Serum components, like serum amyloid P component (SAP), together with membrane receptors on phagocytes play essential roles in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • UDP facilitates microglial phagocytosis through P2Y6 receptors. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the meanwhile, microglia express the metabotropic P2Y6 receptors, the activation of which by uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP) triggers microglial phagocytosis in a concentration-dependent fashion. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Phagocytosis in Sertoli cells was induced by stimulating phosphatidylserine receptors. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Phagocytosis is initiated by the interaction of target particles with phagocytic receptors expressed on microglia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There is evidence for C1q-mediated microglial phagocytosis in the clearance of apoptotic cells (36, 37). (nos-nop.org)
  • It has been shown that intracellular PI3K signaling brought on by Galectin-3 is crucial for activating CR3-mediated microglial phagocytosis of myelin (47, 48). (nos-nop.org)
  • In this review, we examine the existing scientific literature to synthesize the hypothesis that microglial phagocytosis of amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregates in Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be selectively enhanced via metabolic interventions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, we discuss the effects of metabolic factors on microglial phagocytosis of healthy synapses, a pathological process that also contributes to the progression of AD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We conclude by enlisting the current challenges that need to be addressed before strategies to harness microglial phagocytosis to clear pathological protein deposits in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders can be widely adopted. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, an aberrant response of microglia to Aβ deposits and degenerating neurons can lead to inflammatory states that further contribute to neuronal damage [ 3 ] Thus, finding ways to preferentially enhance microglial phagocytosis of toxic deposits such as Aβ without degradation of healthy synapses or exaggerated inflammatory responses could be an effective preventive and therapeutic strategy in NDDs, such as AD (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The history of phagocytosis is an account of the discoveries of cells, known as phagocytes, that are capable of eating other cells or particles, and how that eventually established the science of immunology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our results highlight the mechanism by which phagocytosis tightly controls the activation of phagocytes by fungal pathogens and strongly suggest that actin cytoskeleton dynamics are an essential determinant of the host's susceptibility or resistance to invasive fungal infections. (etsu.edu)
  • Phagocytes need to bind to microbial pathogens for the induction of phagocytosis during microbial pathogen infection. (mybubbaandme.com)
  • Fcγ receptor mediated phagocytosis includes formation of protrusions of the cell called a 'phagocytic cup' and activates an oxidative burst in neutrophils. (wikipedia.org)
  • Secretions from the primary granules of neutrophils stimulate the phagocytosis of IgG-antibody-coated bacteria. (mybubbaandme.com)
  • [ 1 ] Immune adherence refers to the process by which bacteria coated with immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody and C3b adhere to erythrocytes, which facilitates phagocytosis by neutrophils. (medscape.com)
  • Microscope images confirmed that neutrophils appeared to have an important role in leishmania elimination through phagocytosis of amastigotes in the later stages of the disease process. (who.int)
  • Results: In phagocytosis, both glucans significantly (P ≤0.05 level) increased the phagocytic activity of blood monocytes and neutrophils. (who.int)
  • The Fc receptor-dependent function of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) provides mechanisms for clearance of virus and virus-infected cells, as well as for stimulation of downstream adaptive immune responses by facilitating antigen presentation, or by stimulating the secretion of inflammatory mediators. (frontiersin.org)
  • Results support the hypothesis that surface of cell culture plates affects the cellular phagocytosis mechanism which play a critical role in the functions in many cases such as in vivo retina. (allbiosolution.com)
  • In this study, we demonstrate that amphiphysin 1 is essential for cellular phagocytosis and that it is critical for actin polymerization. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Remarkably, whether phagocytosis of fungal β-glucan leads to an inflammatory response in human monocytes remains to be established. (etsu.edu)
  • Unlike its ability to enhance phagocytosis of opsonized sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), IL-21 did not promote phagocytosis of Escherichia coli and zymosan by monocytes and did not alter the cell surface expression of CD16, CD32 and CD64. (inrs.ca)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: CERKL gene knockout disturbs photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis and causes rod-cone dystrophy in zebrafish. (duke.edu)
  • Analysis of Photoreceptor Outer Segment Phagocytosis by RPE Cells in Culture. (allbiosolution.com)
  • As an example, we provide an experimental protocol for studying phagocytosis of opsonized Streptococcus pyogenes using the THP-1 cell line. (lu.se)
  • Additionally, acute in vivo (2.2 g/kg) or in vitro (50 mM) ethanol exposure transiently decreased AMs and RAW264.7 murine macrophage phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as early as 3 hours after initial exposure, with functional recovery by 24 hours. (luc.edu)
  • This approach is easily incorporated into most existing phagocytosis assays and allows for reproducible results with high sensitivity. (lu.se)
  • Neutrophil secretions increase phagocytosis and the formation of reactive oxygen compounds involved in intracellular killing. (mybubbaandme.com)
  • In Staphylococcus aureus, rsbU down-regulates agr and stimulates production of staphyloxanthin (STX), an antioxidant that may contribute to intracellular survival after phagocytosis. (illinois.edu)
  • At 1 week, cells were analyzed by means of flow cytometry for cell-surface marker expression (HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, Toll-like receptor 2, Toll-like receptor 4, mCD14, and CD16), phagocytosis (IgG-opsonized zymosan particles), and intracellular killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae. (cdc.gov)
  • By using dose-response curve principles for both experimental design and analysis, it is possible to increase the sensitivity and robustness, leading to accurate quantification of phagocytosis that is comparable across experiments and systems.Here, we describe how to quantify phagocytosis using flow cytometry with a robust, high-throughput, and easy-to-use approach. (lu.se)
  • Nonopsonic phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginoas: insights from an infant with leukocyte adhesion deficiency. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In vitro studies of phagocytic cells from an infant with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I demonstrated that complement receptor 3 (CD18/CD11b) mediates nonopsonic phagocytosis of some Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and might play a control role in the control of Pseudomonas infections at sites where there are low levels of opsonins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The process of phagocytosis continues until the bacterium is completely internalized, surrounded by membrane in the phagosome. (mybubbaandme.com)
  • In a multicellular organism's immune system, phagocytosis is a major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dendritic cells also reside in tissues and ingest pathogens by phagocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phagocytosis currently is described as an endocytic process that endogenous foreign particles or pathogens larger than 0.5 μm were first recognized by phagocyte surface receptor and then uptaken and engulfed into a plasma-membrane device, known as phagosome, following initiation of a signaling cascade to generate phagolysosome by fusion of phagosome with lysosomes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Phagocytosis has been considered as an essential defense mechanism of immune response to pathogens among eukaryotes, which are also implicated in diverse physiological processes, including development, apoptotic, tissue repair, and host defense ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • After discovery of phagocytosis by Elie Metchnikoff in 1882, it has become an axiom that in human body white blood cells (leukocytes) are the main cells that engulf and destroy bacteria and other pathogens. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Most bacterial pathogens responsible for such infections are enclosed by polysaccharide capsules that protect them from phagocytosis and complement- mediated killing, ensuring their persistence on the respiratory mucosa and survival in the bloodstream and deep body tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • Phagocytosis is an ancient, highly conserved process in all multicellular organisms, through which the host can protect itself against invading microorganisms and environmental particles, as well as remove self-apoptotic cells/cell debris to maintain tissue homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)
  • We show that inhibition of Rho GTPases by Clostridium difficile toxin B prevents apoptotic cell phagocytosis and inhibits the accumulation of both F-actin and phosphotyrosine. (nih.gov)
  • The PI 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 also prevents apoptotic cell phagocytosis but has no effect on the accumulation of F actin and phosphotyrosine. (nih.gov)
  • These results indicate that both Rho GTPases and PI 3-kinases are involved in apoptotic cell phagocytosis but that they play distinct roles in this process. (nih.gov)
  • We evaluated SAP binding to early and late apoptotic cells and whether this binding has functional consequences for the phagocytosis of these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This might have consequences for diseases in which phagocytosis of early apoptotic cells is decreased. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phagocytosis is involved in several functions including nutrient uptake, immune response, inflammation, tissue homeostasis, cellular apoptotic bodies and debris elimination. (allbiosolution.com)
  • Complement-mediated phagocytosis is not restricted to C3 opsonins and CR3 and/or CR4 engagement. (nos-nop.org)
  • The complement anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a) can also indirectly modulate phagocytosis. (nos-nop.org)
  • It is involved in the activation of complement, enhancement of phagocytosis, and detoxification of substances released from damaged tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • Kit containing one vial of lyophilized solid sufficient for labeling 5 x10 7 target cells of choice along with wash and labeling buffers - suitable for 100-200 live-cell imaging phagocytosis assays in 96-well format. (sartorius.com)
  • The pHrodo ® Cell Labeling Kit for Incucyte ® enables the labeling of your choice of target cells with a pH-sensitive fluorophore for use in Incucyte ® Phagocytosis Assays. (sartorius.com)
  • Granulocytes from 15 oral cancer patients were collected and tested for phagocytic activity, by assessing the percent phagocytosis and phagocytic index of the granulocytes towards candida albicans before and after radiotherapy. (amrita.edu)
  • Methodology: The technique employing phagocytosis of synthetic polymeric microspheres was used for evaluation of phagocytic activity. (who.int)
  • Following 15 minutes of IgG-coated bead phagocytosis, Rac activation increases by only 50% in ethanol exposed cells, compared to 175% in control conditions. (luc.edu)
  • There was no significant difference between numbers of ARPE-19 cells growing on polystyrene and glass surface performing latex bead phagocytosis. (allbiosolution.com)
  • The unique pHrodo ® -based system uses the acidic environment of the phagosome to quantify phagocytosis. (sartorius.com)
  • This suggested that CERKL may regulate the phagocytosis of OSs by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). (duke.edu)
  • Renewal of photoreceptor outer segments and their phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelium. (allbiosolution.com)
  • Our results show that maternal dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency increases microglia-mediated phagocytosis of synaptic elements in the rodent developing hippocampus, partly through the activation of 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX)/12-HETE signaling, altering neuronal morphology and affecting cognitive performance of the offspring. (nature.com)
  • For example, an study showed that whereas short-lived exposure to C3a increases A phagocytosis by primary microglia, chronic exposure attenuates A Tirbanibulin Mesylate phagocytosis, an effect that can be reversed by C3aR antagonists (45). (nos-nop.org)
  • Microglia perform multiple functions in the central nervous system, including surveillance, phagocytosis and release of a variety of soluble factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Notably, inflammatory response and phagocytosis are among the most crucial properties of microglia that are not only important for their physiological functions but also relevant to their implication in brain pathologies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phagocytosis is the process of sensing and taking in particles larger than 0.5 μm. (mybubbaandme.com)
  • Our findings demonstrate that osteoclasts are capable of phagocytosing particles of a wide range of size, including particles of polymeric and metallic biomaterials found in periprosthetic tissues, and that after particle phagocytosis, they remain fully functional, hormone-responsive, bone-resorbing cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The clearance mechanisms for particles that deposit in the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs operate on a much longer time scale (see discussion on 'phagocytosis' in Section 2.2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The history of phagocytosis represents the scientific establishment of immunology as the process is the first immune response mechanism discovered and understood as such. (wikipedia.org)
  • In crustacean, phagocytosis by hemocyte has also been well-recognized as a crucial defense mechanism for the host against infectious agents such as bacteria and viruses. (frontiersin.org)
  • What is phagocytosis mechanism? (mybubbaandme.com)
  • Antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) is a potentially important immune mechanism to clear HIV. (usuhs.edu)
  • Phagocytosis was noted by Canadian physician William Osler (1876), and later studied and named by Élie Metchnikoff (1880, 1883). (wikipedia.org)
  • The fundamental theory of phagocytosis was first described by Élie Metchnikoff in 1882, which has been gradually established and well-understood over the past two centuries ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The first demonstration of phagocytosis as a property of leucocytes, the immune cells, was from the German zoologist Ernst Haeckel. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was the first direct evidence of phagocytosis by immune cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although most cells are capable of phagocytosis, some cell types perform it as part of their main function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results PSMA Ab increased phagocytosis of PSMA+ MyC-CaP cells by WT or p50(-/-) BMM to an average of 14% in IFNγ and to 2.7% in IL-4, compared with 1.5% and 0.9% in IgG controls. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions Absence of NF-κB p50 does not enhance or impair low-level, basal phagocytosis of PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells. (bmj.com)
  • In ethanol treated murine AMs and the RAW264.7 cells, phagocytosis of IgG-coated beads demonstrated a 40 and 50% reduction in actin recruitment to the site of the phagosome compared control conditions. (luc.edu)
  • These cells are then suitable for use in downstream applications such as phagocytosis of cells. (sartorius.com)
  • tissue culture plate polystyrene and glass coverslip, on phagocytosis performed by RPE cells growing on each surface. (allbiosolution.com)
  • ARPE-19 cells were incubated for 4 and 24 hours with 0.2 and 1 μl red fluorescent latex beads, and then images were taken to measure the average numbers of cells, cells performing no phagocytosis and phagocytosis and engulfed red fluorescent latex beads. (allbiosolution.com)
  • Knocking out amphiphysin 1 by RNA interference in the cells resulted in the reduction of ruffle formation, actin polymerization, and phagocytosis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Phagocytosis was also drastically decreased in amph 1 (-/-) Sertoli cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Here, we elucidate further how IL-21 promotes phagocytosis in these cells. (inrs.ca)
  • Doxorubicin enhances the expression of "eat-me" signals by dying tumor cells, facilitating their phagocytosis by dendritic cells (DC). (aacrjournals.org)
  • In vitro , doxorubicin microparticles were less cytotoxic to DCs than to B lymphoma cells, did not require internalization by tumor cells, and significantly enhanced phagocytosis of tumor cells by DCs as compared with soluble doxorubicin. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Metronidazole selectively radiosensitizes of metronidazole (in a range of therapeutic hypoxic cells without influencing the ra- concentrations) on PMN-generated free diation response of normal well-oxygenated radicals during phagocytosis activity in cells [ 5,7-9 ]. (who.int)
  • Here, we show that phagocytosis of heat-killed Candida albicans is essential to trigger inflammation and cytokine release. (etsu.edu)
  • Phagocytosis is broadly used in two ways in different organisms, for feeding in unicellular organisms (protists) and for immune response to protect the body against infections in metazoans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phagocytosis was first observed as a process by which unicellular organisms eat their food, usually smaller organisms like protists and bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • How is phagocytosis used by unicellular organisms? (mybubbaandme.com)
  • Phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa killed by tobramycin or Formalin was glucose dependent, suggesting that the glucose exerted its effects on the M phi rather than the bacteria. (jci.org)
  • The ability of bacteria to aggregate and form biofilms impairs phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). (ku.dk)
  • Phagocytosis is defined as the receptor-mediated uptake of large particulate matter. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Phagosomes are vesicles formed around material that enters a cell by phagocytosis, and after a complex sequence of events, they fuse with lysosomes containing degradative hydrolytic enzymes. (mybubbaandme.com)
  • Phagocytosis is one main mechanisms of the innate immune defense. (wikipedia.org)
  • Owing to its importance and contributions to the innate and adaptive immune function in relation to human and animal health, phagocytosis still remains of great interests to many scientists. (frontiersin.org)
  • During the past few decades, hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, as one of the most important innate cellular immune function, has also received great attention in crustacean, and a good progress in elucidating the involvement of hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, as well as its protective roles and mechanisms, against bacterial and viral infections has been achieved. (frontiersin.org)
  • CR1 participates in immune adherence and phagocytosis. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this study was to examine if the size of aggregates is critical for successful phagocytosis and how bacterial biofilms evade phagocytosis. (ku.dk)
  • CR3-mediated phagocytosis is also implicated in synaptic phagocytosis Cdh15 in the APP mouse model, suggesting that this same pathway leading to clearance of A is also involved in synapse loss (28). (nos-nop.org)
  • Both PSMA Ab or CAR expression increased phagocytosis, with CAR being more effective, which could favor tumor antigen cross-presentation. (bmj.com)
  • In HMDM, IL-21 was found to enhance phagocytosis of zymosan. (inrs.ca)
  • We conclude that CERKL deficiency in zebrafish may cause rod-cone dystrophy, but not cone-rod dystrophy, while interfering with the phagocytosis function of RPE associated with down-regulation of the expression of MERTK. (duke.edu)
  • Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat', and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome. (wikipedia.org)
  • As nouns the difference between endosome and phagosome is that endosome is (biology) an endocytic vacuole through which molecules internalized during endocytosis pass en route to lysosomes while phagosome is a membrane-bound vacuole within a cell containing foreign material captured by phagocytosis. (mybubbaandme.com)
  • Osteoclast phagocytosis of these particle types was shown by light microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and SEM. (ox.ac.uk)
  • abstract = "Phagocytosis is relevant for many research fields and is often measured as a functional outcome. (lu.se)
  • Effect of surface hardness of biomaterials in the phagocytosis of e. (syr.edu)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Effect of surface hardness of biomaterials in the phagocytosis of e. (syr.edu)
  • Using a pharmacological approach, we demonstrate that IL-21 enhances phagocytosis by activating some mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT pathways. (inrs.ca)
  • A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recognition of the fungal cell wall carbohydrate β-glucan by the host receptor Dectin-1 elicits broad immunomodulatory responses, such as phagocytosis and activation of oxidative burst. (etsu.edu)
  • Additionally, in ARPE-19 cell lines, knockdown of CERKL also decreased the mRNA and protein level of MERTK, as well as the ox-POS phagocytosis. (duke.edu)
  • SNCA Triplication pMac, but not A53T pMac, show significantly reduced phagocytosis capability and this can be phenocopied by adding monomeric αS to the cell culture medium of control pMac. (dementiasplatform.uk)
  • Phagocytosis in fresh RPE cell cultures was detected and recorded. (allbiosolution.com)
  • Aggregate size significantly affected phagocytosis outcome and larger aggregates were less likely to be phagocytized. (ku.dk)
  • We further found that the phagocytosis-associated protein MERTK was significantly reduced in CERKL-/- zebrafish. (duke.edu)
  • PGN, LPS, and PGN plus LPS significantly reduced MDM surface marker expression and, except for LPS alone, also reduced phagocytosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The CD11/CD18 complex is part of the beta-2 integrin family and is important in adhesion and phagocytosis (see Table 1). (medscape.com)