Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that recently re-emerged in many parts of the world causing large-scale outbreaks. (bvsalud.org)
Chikungunya fever, a re-emerging viral disease affecting both old and new world countries is caused by Chikungunya virus, an RNA virus belonging to Alphaviridae. (actascientific.com)
Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) was first detected in 1952, during a febrile outbreak on the Makonde Plateau, a border area between Mozambique and Tanzania [1]. (actascientific.com)
Module A contained serum samples spiked with cultured dengue virus (DENV) or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) for the detection of nucleic acid and DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen. (who.int)
We found that atovaquone was able to inhibit ZIKV and chikungunya virus virion production in human cells and that this antiviral effect occurred early during infection at the initial steps of viral RNA replication. (nyu.edu)
Alphavirus3
CHIKV is a small (60 - 70 nm) spherical enveloped virus with single- stranded positive sense RNA molecule and belongs to the genus Alphavirus, which included more than 30 species of arthropod borne viruses [1], and the family Togaviridae (Figure 1). (actascientific.com)
Previously, based on its geographical circulation, CHIKV was referred to as the Old World (OW) alphavirus. (ebat2018.org)
The arboviruses include a wide variety of RNA virus including the flaviviruses (genus Flavivirus, one of three genera in the family Flaviviridae) and the alphaviruses (genus Alphavirus, one of two genera in the family Togaviridae). (biomedcentral.com)
Togaviridae2
Diagram shows the RNA viruses/Togaviridae family viruses/Alphaviruses [Modified from 41]. (actascientific.com)
It is an RNA virus that belongs to the alphaviru s genus of the family Togaviridae . (microbiologyclass.net)
Infection9
of CHIKV infection in southeastern Brazil ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
CHIKV infection presents as a febrile illness known as chikungunya fever (CHIKF). (bvsalud.org)
A limited number of studies attempted to identify the involvement of T cells in CHIKV and ZIKV infection. (bvsalud.org)
In CHIKV infection, CD8 T cells are activated during the acute phase in the lymph nodes/blood, and CD4 T cells are activated during the chronic phase in the joints/muscles. (bvsalud.org)
This study shows that CHIKV mutants with extensive modifications of FHL1- or both FHL1- and CD2AP-binding sites remain viable and develop spreading infection in multiple cell types. (ebat2018.org)
However, the presence of FHL1 has a stimulatory effect on CHIKV infectivity and, subsequently, the infection spread. (ebat2018.org)
In mosquitoes, CHIKV develops persistent infection characterized by the high concentration of the virus in salivary glands. (ebat2018.org)
Both CHIKV and ZIKV related deaths are usually associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome [ 2 ] although recently ten death cases of ZIKV infection unrelated to the Guillain-Barré syndrome have been confirmed in adults [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the atypical CHIKV manifestations that have been described, severe arthralgia and neurological complications, such as encephalitis, meningitis, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome, are now reported in many outbreaks. (bvsalud.org)
In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about CHIKV pathogenesis, with a focus on atypical disease manifestations, such as persistent arthralgia and neurologic disease presentation. (bvsalud.org)
In contrast to the Rabbit Polyclonal to OR52D1 diseases caused by most arthritogenic alphaviruses, CHIKV-induced arthralgia can last for months to years (5, 6). (ebat2018.org)
Clinical symptoms resemble dengue, and while chikungunya is a generally milder disease, debilitating sequelae such as persistent arthralgia have been reported in 36-64% of cases. (who.int)
ZIKV7
Arboviral infections such as Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) are a major disease burden in tropical and sub-tropical countries, and there are no effective vaccinations or therapeutic drugs available at this time. (bvsalud.org)
The identification of human immunodominant ZIKV viral epitopes responsive to specific T cells is scarce, and none have been identified for CHIKV. (bvsalud.org)
In fact, serologic surveys have demonstrated that outbreaks attributed to dengue in the past have actually turned out to be CHIKV or ZIKV infections. (biomedcentral.com)
DFV and CHIKV are genetically distant relatives, however ZIKV is closely related to dengue and often cross reacts on DFV serology or on some rapid assays that are available at some posts [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
DFV and ZIKV are asymptomatic in approximately 75% of infections, in contrast to CHIKV where patients are symptomatic in 75-95% of infections [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In both ZIKV and CHIKV there is a more common involvement of the anterior segment including conjunctivitis, uveitis and increased intra-ocular pressure (IOP). (biomedcentral.com)
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of most prevalent arboviruses in Brazil (DFV, ZIKV, CHIKV) regarding the main features, physiopathology, and ocular involvement (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Single-stranded1
As for other alphaviruses, the CHIKV genome (G RNA) is represented by a single-stranded RNA of positive polarity of 11.5?kb (8). (ebat2018.org)
DENV2
Among 20 laboratories testing Module A, 17 (85%) correctly detected DENV RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 18 (90%) correctly determined serotype and 19 (95%) correctly identified CHIKV by RT-PCR. (who.int)
7 CHIKV has probably had an unappreciated circulation in the region due to its disease presentation and co-circulation with DENV. (who.int)
Fever2
In humans, the CHIKV-induced disease is characterized by painful polyarthralgia, fever, and rash. (ebat2018.org)
The term "Chikungunya" often refers to both the virus (CHIKV) and the illness or fever (CHIKF) caused by this virus. (medscape.com)
Outbreaks1
Outbreaks of CHIKV in other areas highlighted its capability of undergoing mutation, resulting increased infectivity, and spread with variable clinical presentations in areas without any herd immunity [4]. (actascientific.com)
Epidemic2
Laila C. Schnellrath, Maria Luiza Gomes Medaglia, less, the CHIKV genotype associated with the epidemic in Michele E. Casotto, Rodolpho M. Albano, Rio de Janeiro remains unknown. (cdc.gov)
Using on-site genomic monitoring, phylodynamic and epidemiologic approaches, we characterized the large-scale and ongoing CHIKV epidemic in Paraguay. (cdc.gov)
Mosquito1
In natural circulation, CHIKV is transmitted by mosquito vectors between amplifying vertebrate hosts (2, 3). (ebat2018.org)
Antiviral1
In addition to this, the lack of preventive vaccines and approved antiviral treatments is turning CHIKV into a major global health threat. (bvsalud.org)
Proteins5
There are three structural (C, E1, E2) and four non structural proteins in CHIKV [2]. (actascientific.com)
Previously, we have demonstrated that the hypervariable domain (HVD) of CHIKV nsP3 contains linear motifs that recruit defined families of host proteins into formation of functional viral replication complexes. (ebat2018.org)
FHL1 and CD2AP proteins were found to have overlapping binding sites in CHIKV HVD and additive proviral functions. (ebat2018.org)
After the release from infectious virions, G RNA serves as a template for translation of four nonstructural proteins, nsP1 to nsP4, which CHK1-IN-2 are the viral components of replication complexes (vRCs). (ebat2018.org)
The latter RNA functions as a template for translation of viral structural proteins, which ultimately package the newly synthesized viral genomes into infectious virions. (ebat2018.org)
Virus3
Virus evolution, globalization, and climate change may have contributed to CHIKV spread. (bvsalud.org)
CHIKV is now included in the re-emerging virus group, particularly due to its recent expansion in the Americas. (actascientific.com)
Diagnosis is by either testing the blood for the virus's RNA or antibodies to the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Symptoms1
CONCLUSIONS:A third of travelers with CHIK acquired in the Caribbean may be at risk for developing persistent symptoms suggestive of pCHIK rheumatic disorder. (nyu.edu)
Viral replication2
Our study also demonstrated that other members of the FHL family can bind to CHIKV HVD and thus may be involved in viral replication. (ebat2018.org)
In contrast to previously described binding of G3BP to CHIKV HVD, the FHL1-HVD interaction was found to not be a prerequisite of viral replication. (ebat2018.org)
Candidates1
Altogether, these topics highlight some of the most recent advances in our understanding of CHIKV pathogenesis and also provide important insights into the current development and clinical trials of CHIKV potential vaccine candidates. (bvsalud.org)
Infections1
In particular, the RNA interference (RNAi) pathways are of notable significance for the control of viral infections. (mdpi.com)
Spread1
Such persistent spread is in part enabled by public resistance to vaccination in some countries, and limited access to vaccines in other countries. (sciencegate.app)
Cases1
Generalized neuro-developmental delay was recorded in 51% of CHIKV infected children in La Reunion while only 15% of the control cases showed similar changes [3]. (actascientific.com)
Threat1
Thus, despite the fact that lethal outcomes are very rare, CHIKV represents an unquestionable public health threat. (ebat2018.org)
Significance1
Now, using NMR-based structural and biological approaches, we have characterized the binding site of the cellular FHL1 protein in CHIKV HVD and defined the CHK1-IN-2 biological significance of this interaction. (ebat2018.org)
Shows1
The id of a dysfunctional Compact disc46 path in persistent inflammatory 902156-99-4 IC50 illnesses shows its importance in managing Capital t cell homeostasis, and additional underlines the want to understand its legislation and the molecular systems accountable for its features. (gasyblog.com)
Transmission1
Humans can be infected by CHIKV by spillover from the enzootic transmission cycle. (ebat2018.org)
Areas1
During the COVID-19 pandemic, we also supported the Brazilian Ministry of Health with the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis in human samples and also in the investigation of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surfaces of density public areas of Belo Horizonte. (stanford.edu)