Among the peripheral signals that are generated to regulate the uptake of food, signals from adipose tissue are of major relevance and involve the maintenance of energy homeostasis through processes such as lipogenesis, lipolysis, and oxidation of fatty acids. (wjgnet.com)
Involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated very-long-chain fatty acids (PubMed:7876265, PubMed:15060085, PubMed:17458872, PubMed:17603022, PubMed:32169171, PubMed:33234382). (swisspalm.org)
Thus, plays a role in regulation of VLCFAs and energy metabolism namely, in the degradation and biosynthesis of fatty acids by beta-oxidation, mitochondrial function and microsomal fatty acid elongation. (cusabio.com)
Lipogenesis1
These findings suggest that NDGA ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia and steatosis primarily by inhibiting lipogenesis and enhancing fatty acid catabolism in three major insulin responsive tissues by altering the expression of key enzyme genes and transcription factors involved in de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. (biomedcentral.com)
Derivatives1
CROT may play a role in converting peroxisomal medium-chain acylcarnitine derivatives to medium-chain acyl-CoA derivatives. (wikipedia.org)
Liver4
Though CROT is distributed on both sides of microsomal vesicles, it has also been found that the bulk of CROT activity in murine liver is in the cytoplasm face of the vesicles and endoplasmic reticulum. (wikipedia.org)
The diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis is straightforward and requires no further diagnostic studies in patients presenting with a history of alcohol abuse, typical symptoms and physical findings, evidence of liver functional impairment, and compatible liver enzyme levels. (medscape.com)
Leptin and adiponectin can augment the oxidation of fatty acid in liver by activating the nuclear receptor super-family of transcription factors, namely peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α. (wjgnet.com)
DNA microarray expression profiling indicated that dietary administration of NDGA upregulated the expression of certain genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and their transcription regulator, PPARα, decreased the expression of a number of lipogenic genes and relevant transcription factors, and differentially impacted the genes of fatty acid transporters, acetyl CoA synthetases, elongases, fatty acid desaturases and lipid clearance proteins in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein1
Dicamba treatment at 1% increased FAO activity in male rats, peroxisomal beta oxidation, lauric-acid-hydroxylase activity, and CYP4A reactive protein in female and male rats, and yielded an 80 kilodalton protein as indicated by gel electrophoresis. (cdc.gov)
Surrounding tissues1
Following exposure to radioactive strontium compounds, the most severe non carcinogenic effects seen are the result of incorporation of radioactive strontium, an emitter of beta radiation, into the skeleton, with subsequent irradiation of surrounding tissues (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)
Experiments1
In the absence of carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT), acyltransferases such as CROT can catalyze the acetyl group transfer from acetylcarnitine to coenzyme A. Rescue experiments with CROT gene knockout cells have shown that peroxisomal CROT can mediate acetyl-CoA production under glucose-limited conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Play a role1
namely, controls the active myelination phase by negatively regulating the microsomal fatty acid elongation activity and may also play a role in axon and myelin maintenance. (cusabio.com)
Activity2
The authors conclude that dicamba at a 1% dietary level yielded weak or moderate increases in peroxisomal enzymes, and in CYP4A content and activity. (cdc.gov)
CROT activity also appears to be inhibited to the same extent in both permeable and sealed microsomal membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Transfer1
Carnitine O-octanoyltransferase (CROT or COT) is a member of the transferase family, more specifically a carnitine acyltransferase, a type of enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of acyl groups from acyl-CoAs to carnitine, generating CoA and an acyl-carnitine. (wikipedia.org)
Ethanol-oxidiz2
The microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) involves several cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, of which cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is the major constituent. (medscape.com)
Within the liver, 3 enzyme systems-the cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) system, microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS), and peroxisomal catalase system-can oxidize ethanol. (medscape.com)
Fatty acid3
CYP4 enzymes are typically microsomal fatty acid omega-hydroxylases that function together with mitochondrial and peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzymes to degrade cellular lipids. (nih.gov)
5. Elevated basal expression of liver peroxisomal beta-oxidation enzymes and CYP4A microsomal fatty acid omega-hydroxylase in STAT5b(-/-) mice: cross-talk in vivo between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways. (nih.gov)
In this study, we investigated how ACSL1 was localized in mitochondria and whether ACSL1 overexpression affected fatty acid oxidation (FAO) rates in C2C12 myotubes. (molcells.org)
Cytochrome1
Therefore, we cloned and expressed CYP4V2 and analyzed the functional characteristics of this new cytochrome P450 enzyme. (nih.gov)
Omega-oxidation4
Consequently, defective omega-oxidation of ocular fatty acids/lipids secondary to mutations in the CYP4V2 gene appears to be a plausible mechanism underlying Bietti's crystalline dystrophy. (nih.gov)
Characterization of the human omega-oxidation pathway for omega-hydroxy-very-long-chain fatty acids. (rhea-db.org)
Recently, we demonstrated that VLCFAs can also undergo omega-oxidation, which may provide an alternative route for the breakdown of VLCFAs. (rhea-db.org)
The omega-oxidation of VLCFA is initiated by CYP4F2 and CYP4F3B, which produce omega-hydroxy-VLCFAs. (rhea-db.org)
PPAR1
There is an up-expression of PPARα target genes in the PBMCs of NAFLD patients, possibly leading to changes in β-oxidation and insulin resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
Catalase1
A peroxisomal system involving catalase is capable of substantial ethanol oxidation, but its activity in vivo is limited by the availability of the cofactor H 2 O 2 . (medscape.com)
Membranes1
CROT activity also appears to be inhibited to the same extent in both permeable and sealed microsomal membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Pathway1
Several reports have shown that ACSL1, among the ACSLs, is located in mitochondria and mainly leads fatty acids to the β-oxidation pathway in various cell types. (molcells.org)
Alcohol4
[ 7 ] Alcohol dehydrogenase is the major enzyme. (medscape.com)
The induction of CYP2E1 by alcohol intake stimulates the formation of ROS during ethanol oxidation. (medscape.com)
The first is mediated by an as yet unidentified, microsomal NAD(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase, which is encoded by the ALDH3A2 gene and is deficient in patients with Sjögren-Larsson syndrome. (rhea-db.org)
Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. (lookformedical.com)
Skeletal1
Most tissues of the body, including the skeletal muscles, contain the necessary enzymes for the oxidative or nonoxidative metabolism of ethanol. (medscape.com)
Tissues1
Following exposure to radioactive strontium compounds, the most severe non carcinogenic effects seen are the result of incorporation of radioactive strontium, an emitter of beta radiation, into the skeleton, with subsequent irradiation of surrounding tissues (ATSDR 2001e). (cdc.gov)
Family4
Carnitine O-octanoyltransferase (CROT or COT) is a member of the transferase family, more specifically a carnitine acyltransferase, a type of enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of acyl groups from acyl-CoAs to carnitine, generating CoA and an acyl-carnitine. (wikipedia.org)
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. (wikipedia.org)
As may be expected from members of the same enzymatic family, there is strong similarity between the structures of carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT) and CROT, as these enzymes have 36% sequence homology. (wikipedia.org)
A family of enzymes that catalyze the stereoselective, regioselective, or chemoselective syn-dehydrogenation reactions. (lookformedical.com)
Shown1
In the absence of carnitine acetyltransferase (CRAT), acyltransferases such as CROT can catalyze the acetyl group transfer from acetylcarnitine to coenzyme A. Rescue experiments with CROT gene knockout cells have shown that peroxisomal CROT can mediate acetyl-CoA production under glucose-limited conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
Therefore, CYP4V2 exhibits catalytic functions typical of a human CYP4 enzyme, but with a distinctive chain-length selectivity coupled with high omega-hydroxylase specificity. (nih.gov)
Thought1
[ 8 ] Expression of CYP2E1 is increased by chronic ethanol consumption and this is thought to account for increased hepatic ethanol oxidation observed in this setting. (medscape.com)
Formation1
In this article, we characterized the enzymes involved in the formation of very-long-chain dicarboxylic acids from omega-hydroxy-VLCFAs. (rhea-db.org)
Forms1
The replication fork forms because enzymes called helicases surround the DNA strands and break the hydrogen bonds which hold them together. (smpdb.ca)