VascularNetwork of capillariesEndotheliumPressuresSystemic capillarWiden to become venulesMacromoleculesPorosity and permeabilityMicrovascularPleural spacePoresOsmotic pressureLymphaticCardiovascularExudationSinusoidalLeakageEndothelialMicrocirculationEndogenousSupply nutrientsInterfacial tensionIntrinsicVesiclesVessels2001FibrinExperimentalArteriolesAlterationsTissueFlowsVeinsKidneysHydraulicSaturationPlasmaSolutesSignificantlyMembraneDrainageOpeningsRelativeWaterSecondaryLatinReservoirFormationFlowInfluxResultsSyndromeBloodTypes
Vascular8
- Increased capillary vascular permeability is the commonly accepted pathophysiology ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- FITC-dextran is used in cardiovascular, microcirculation, perfusion, cell monolayer and cell membrane permeability research as fluorescent flux tracer compound that supports the measurement of processes such as blood flow, membrane damage, vascular drainage and renal elimination. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- 2-5 These mechanisms reduce inflammatory cellular response, vascular permeability, fibrin exudation, and scar formation. (dovepress.com)
- peritoneal fluid accumulation is a common finding in many children with abdominal disorders and its generation secondary to increased vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)
- The purpose of the present study as to evaluate the effect of changes in intravascular pressure and the inflammatory mediator bradykinin on rat mesenteric arterial and venous vascular permeability. (bvsalud.org)
- Vascular permeability to dextran was determined at 100, 200 and 300 % of physiological pressures. (bvsalud.org)
- vascular permeability was present at all measurements for both vessels and its magnitude directly proportional to the intravascular pressure. (bvsalud.org)
- A condition characterized by recurring episodes of fluid leaking from capillaries into extra-vascular compartments causing hematocrit to rise precipitously. (bvsalud.org)
Network of capillaries2
- Individual capillaries are part of the capillary bed, an interweaving network of capillaries supplying tissues and organs. (wikipedia.org)
- The "capillary bed" is the network of capillaries supplying an organ . (wikidoc.org)
Endothelium3
- Sinusoidal capillaries or discontinuous capillaries are a special type of open-pore capillary, also known as a sinusoid, that have wider fenestrations that are 30-40 micrometres (μm) in diameter, with wider openings in the endothelium. (wikipedia.org)
- The walls of capillaries are composed of only a single layer of cells , the endothelium . (wikidoc.org)
- Continuous - Continuous capillaries have a sealed endothelium and only allow small molecules, water and ions to diffuse. (wikidoc.org)
Pressures1
- The fluid ultimately drains into the right atrium, so clearance is dependent on capillary and, in part, right-sided pressures. (msdmanuals.com)
Systemic capillar1
- Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is an extremely rare disease of unknown incidence ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Widen to become venules2
- The capillaries then join and widen to become venules, which in turn widen and converge to become veins, which then return blood back to the heart through the venae cavae. (wikipedia.org)
- After the tissue has been perfused , capillaries widen to become venules and then widen more to become veins, which return blood to the heart. (wikidoc.org)
Macromolecules2
- Capillary permeability to endogenous macromolecules in the equine digit. (tamu.edu)
- Increased permeability of capillaries (also called capillary leak) to macromolecules, such as albumin, occurs in number of clinical conditions including sepsis and trauma. (utoledo.edu)
Porosity and permeability9
- Here, we look at how to extract the macroscopic flow properties of porosity and permeability from a fully resolved microscale submodel. (comsol.com)
- If the porosity and permeability are not known, experimental results are necessary to quantify these material properties. (comsol.com)
- By solving the Navier-Stokes equations (or its linear approximation for small Reynolds numbers, called Stokes flow or creeping flow) on the microscale geometry, the porosity and permeability of the porous medium can be extracted. (comsol.com)
- Before we investigate the porosity and permeability of a porous medium, we must discuss the generation of the microscale geometry. (comsol.com)
- Are porosity and permeability inversely related? (moviecultists.com)
- What is difference between porosity and permeability? (moviecultists.com)
- What factors affect porosity and permeability? (moviecultists.com)
- Why is porosity and permeability important? (moviecultists.com)
- The porosity and permeability of rocks is important in determining which rocks will make a good reservoir . (moviecultists.com)
Microvascular1
- Microvascular permeability characteristics were evaluated in digits of 7 adult horses. (tamu.edu)
Pleural space2
- Normally, fluid enters the pleural space from the capillaries in the parietal pleura , from interstitial spaces of the lung via the visceral pleura , or from the peritoneal cavity through small holes in the diaphragm . (wikidoc.org)
- The fluid enters the pleural space from systemic capillaries in the parietal pleurae and exits via parietal pleural stomas and lymphatics. (msdmanuals.com)
Pores7
- Fenestrated capillaries have pores known as fenestrae (Latin for "windows") in the endothelial cells that are 60-80 nanometres (nm) in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
- In the renal glomerulus there are cells with no diaphragms, called podocyte foot processes or pedicels, which have slit pores with a function analogous to the diaphragm of the capillaries. (wikipedia.org)
- Fenestrated capillaries have diaphragms that cover the pores whereas sinusoids lack a diaphragm and just have an open pore. (wikipedia.org)
- Permeability characterizes the resistance to flow through the pores. (comsol.com)
- A rock may be extremely porous, but if the pores are not connected, it will have no permeability. (moviecultists.com)
- Effective permeability is the ability of fluids to pass through pores of rocks or membranes in the presence of other fluids in the medium. (moviecultists.com)
- Calcium stearate is a damp-proofing admixture providing a water-repellent layer along the capillary pores. (mis-asia.com)
Osmotic pressure1
- The opposing force from outside the capillary is osmotic pressure and is 25 mm Hg. (wikidoc.org)
Lymphatic4
- Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation. (wikipedia.org)
- Lymphatic capillaries are slightly larger in diameter than blood capillaries, and have closed ends (unlike the blood capillaries open at one end to the arterioles and open at the other end to the venules). (wikipedia.org)
- After capillaries were isolated and an extracorporeal perfusion circuit for the digit was established, a lymphatic vessel draining the distal portion of the phalangeal region was cannulated at the level of the coronary band. (tamu.edu)
- Model parameters were fit to both blood capillary permeability data and lymphatic clearance data. (cdc.gov)
Cardiovascular1
- Cardiovascular changes -Capillary permeability is increased, leading to loss of intravascular proteins and fluids into the interstitial compartment. (bmj.com)
Exudation1
- Exudative effusions are caused by local processes that lead to increased capillary permeability, resulting in exudation of fluid, protein, cells, and other serum constituents. (msdmanuals.com)
Sinusoidal2
- Blood capillaries are categorized into three types: continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoidal (also known as discontinuous). (wikipedia.org)
- Sinusoidal - Sinusoidal capillaries are special forms of fenestrated capillaries that have larger openings in the epithelium allowing red blood cells and serum proteins to enter. (wikidoc.org)
Leakage1
- Consequently, capillaries exhibit increased leakage in some organs. (scialert.net)
Endothelial4
- Continuous capillaries are continuous in the sense that the endothelial cells provide an uninterrupted lining, and they only allow smaller molecules, such as water and ions, to pass through their intercellular clefts. (wikipedia.org)
- These capillaries lack pinocytotic vesicles, and therefore use gaps present in cell junctions to permit transfer between endothelial cells, and hence across the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- Diabetic microvasular complications, which are considered as an important group of hyperglycemia imperfections, caused by increased endothelial permeability and can progress to severe impairments in several organs. (scialert.net)
- In an immune response, the endothelial cells of the capillary will upregulate receptor molecules, thus "catching" immune cells as they pass by the site of infection and aiding extravasation of these cells into the tissue. (wikidoc.org)
Microcirculation2
- A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. (wikipedia.org)
- FITC-dextran is used extensively in microcirculation and cell permeability research utilizing microfluorimetry. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Endogenous1
- The brain capillary glucose uptake by red-cells leads to the endogenous generation of 2,3-DPG, and promotes the oxyHb-deoxygenation to discharge Mg2+ at the noradrenergic synapses. (novapublishers.com)
Supply nutrients2
- The more metabolically active a tissue is, the more capillaries are required to supply nutrients and carry away products of metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
- The more metabolically active the cells, the more capillaries it will require to supply nutrients. (wikidoc.org)
Interfacial tension2
- Assuming that physical core properties and experiment conditions are constant, interfacial tension as the only variable would change relative permeabilities. (onepetro.org)
- In this paper, we will focus on modelling change of residual oil saturation to gas (S org ) and two-phase gas/oil relative permeability with interfacial tension (IFT). (onepetro.org)
Intrinsic1
- Permeability is another intrinsic property of all materials and is closely related to porosity . (moviecultists.com)
Vesicles2
- Continuous capillaries can be further divided into two subtypes: Those with numerous transport vesicles, which are found primarily in skeletal muscles, fingers, gonads, and skin. (wikipedia.org)
- In some cases, vesicles contained in the capillary membrane use endocytosis and exocytosis to transport material between blood and the tissues. (wikidoc.org)
Vessels4
- Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. (wikipedia.org)
- Capillaries and sinusoids are short vessels that directly connect the arterioles and venules at opposite ends of the beds. (wikipedia.org)
- Capillaries are the smallest of a body's blood vessels , measuring 5-10 μm, which connect arterioles and venules , and are important for the interchange of oxygen , carbon dioxide , and other substances between blood and tissue cells. (wikidoc.org)
- The rationale behind using polyethylene glycol-modified albumin is that this modified protein has a sufficiently large hydrodynamic radius that precludes its passing through defects in capillaries that occur in shock and is thus retained within blood vessels to maintain the oncotic gradient. (utoledo.edu)
20011
Fibrin1
- then, polymerization of fibrinogen to fibrin results in the formation of a fibrin cuff around dermal capillaries. (medscape.com)
Experimental1
- With careful attention to experimental design, choice of instrumentation, calibration and regulation of testing conditions, the laboratories are able to quantify key properties for intact, fractured and flow along interfaces for low permeability materials. (bgs.ac.uk)
Arterioles4
- Blood flows from the heart through arteries, which branch and narrow into arterioles, and then branch further into capillaries where nutrients and wastes are exchanged. (wikipedia.org)
- In the mesentery, metarterioles form an additional stage between arterioles and capillaries. (wikipedia.org)
- There are two types of capillaries: true capillaries, which branch from arterioles and provide exchange between tissue and the capillary blood, and sinusoids, a type of open-pore capillary found in the liver, bone marrow, anterior pituitary gland, and brain circumventricular organs. (wikipedia.org)
- Blood flows from digestive system heart to arteries , which narrow into arterioles , and then narrow further still into capillaries. (wikidoc.org)
Alterations2
- 3. These changes in capillary permeability are not explained by alterations in serum albumin. (edu.au)
- Although in all diabetic patients, GFR is initially normal or mildly elevated with no histological alterations, it progresses to produce thick glomerular basement membrane and expand to mesangial, followed by high glomerular capillary pressure and microalbuminuria. (scialert.net)
Tissue1
- When combined with existing models for stratum corneum permeability and appropriate measures of tissue binding, the developed model has the potential to significantly improve tissue concentration estimates for large or highly protein bound permeants following dermal exposure. (cdc.gov)
Flows2
- The relative roles of parameters governing relative permeability, a crucial property for two-phase fluid flows, are incompletely known. (wiley.com)
- While capillary is usually used as a noun, the word also is used as an adjective, as in "capillary action", in which a liquid flows without influence of external forces, such as gravity. (wikipedia.org)
Veins1
- Originally, an incompetent venous system was thought to lead to pooling of blood in the superficial veins, with reduced flow and therefore reduced oxygen tension in the dermal capillaries. (medscape.com)
Kidneys1
- overexpression of both sFlt1 and sEng in rodents results in capillary permeability in the lungs, kidneys, and liver [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Hydraulic2
- Amaefule JO, Altunbay M, Tiab D, Kersey DG and Keelan DK (1993) Enhanced reservoir description: using core and log data to identify hydraulic (flow) units and predict permeability in uncored intervals/wells. (ripi.ir)
- Using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-Ficoll 70 and albumin in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as well as in bovine blood plasma, it is shown that CNT membranes can allow for significantly higher hydraulic permeability (more than an order of magnitude when normalized to pore area) than commercial high-flux hemofiltration/hemodialysis membranes (HF 400), as well as greatly enhance removal of middle molecules while maintaining comparable albumin retention. (lu.se)
Saturation2
- Longeron (1980) examined the effect of IFT values on two-phase gas/oil relative permeability and residual oil saturation at high pressure and temperature. (onepetro.org)
- They concluded that there is a relationship between IFT values and relative permeability and residual oil saturation. (onepetro.org)
Plasma2
- Lymph capillaries have a greater internal oncotic pressure than blood capillaries, due to the greater concentration of plasma proteins in the lymph. (wikipedia.org)
- Other mechanisms that prevent oedema include precapillary vasoconstric-tion and low permeability of capillaries to plasma proteins. (nature.com)
Solutes1
- Research in the Transport Properties Research Laboratory (TPRL) and the Fracture Physics Laboratory (FPL) focuses on understanding the mechanisms and processes governing the movement of fluids (water, gas and solutes) and the deformation of rock in the subsurface, specialising in the measurement of properties in ultra-low permeability materials. (bgs.ac.uk)
Significantly2
- All these factors significantly change the shape of the relative permeability curve. (onepetro.org)
- Bradykinin (10 -5 M) significantly increased permeability in the MV but not in the MA. (bvsalud.org)
Membrane1
- Colchicine Inhibits Elevations in Both Alveolar-Capillary Membrane Permeability and Lavage Surfactant After Exposure of the Rat to Phosgene. (epa.gov)
Drainage2
- Kadkhodaie A, Rezaee R and Kadkhodaie-Ilkhchi R (2019) An effective approach to generate drainage representative capillary pressure and relative permeability curves in the framework of reservoir electrofacies, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 176: 1082-1094, doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.01.098. (ripi.ir)
- Clay soils are known to have low permeability, which results in low infiltration rates and poor drainage . (moviecultists.com)
Openings1
- Fenestrated - Fenestrated capillaries (derived from "fenestra," the Latin word for "window") have openings that allow larger molecules to diffuse. (wikidoc.org)
Relative10
- To characterize the influence of viscosity ratio ( M ) and capillary number ( Ca ), we calculated relative permeabilities of nonwetting fluids ( k nw ) and wetting fluids ( k w ) in a 3D model of Berea sandstone under steady state condition using the lattice-Boltzmann method. (wiley.com)
- Determining and estimating reservoir properties such as capillary pressure and relative permeability are always challenging in reservoir studies. (ripi.ir)
- The current research has been done in the Sarvak Formation in the southwestern oilfields of Iran, focusing on applying Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) logging in synthesizing capillary pressure and relative permeability. (ripi.ir)
- Next, the relative permeability for oil and water phases was calculated and plotted in MATLAB software based on the functions determined in the previous step. (ripi.ir)
- Finally, the representative capillary pressure curve and relative permeability curve of the oil and water phases were determined for each flow unit. (ripi.ir)
- In contrast, flow unit 1 had the highest PC levels, the lowest relative permeability, and the lowest reservoir quality. (ripi.ir)
- Hosseinzadeh S, Kadkhodaie A and Yarmohammadi S (2020) NMR derived capillary pressure and relative permeability curves as an aid in rock typing of carbonate reservoirs, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 184: 106593, doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106593. (ripi.ir)
- Many physical factors are affecting relative permeability. (onepetro.org)
- Here our objective is to estimate relative permeability at lower interfacial tensions from immiscible relative permeability. (onepetro.org)
- Also, a new set of correlations was purposed to calculate gas and oil relative permeability at different IFT. (onepetro.org)
Water3
- The total dissolved solids (TDS) of the groundwater that was dissolved with KCl or NaCl affected the capillary water gravity more than soil pore structure. (iwaponline.com)
- The TDS of the groundwater that was dissolved with CaCl 2 or MgCl 2 affected both the capillary water gravity and the soil pore structure. (iwaponline.com)
- Permeability is calculated by measuring the pressure drop across the chip for different flow rates of deionized (DI) water injected into the chip . (moviecultists.com)
Secondary1
- Secondary porosity features, like fractures, frequently have significant impact on the permeability of the material. (moviecultists.com)
Latin1
- Capillary comes from the Latin word capillaris, meaning "of or resembling hair", with use in English beginning in the mid-17th century. (wikipedia.org)
Reservoir2
- Liang X and Wei Z (2008) A new method to construct reservoir capillary pressure curves using NMR log data and its application, Applied Geophysics, 5, 2: 92-98. (ripi.ir)
- Zhang C, Xiao L, Mao Zq, Sun Zc and Luo Xp (2009) A novel method to construct capillary pressure curves by using NMR Log data and its application in reservoir evaluation, in Kuwait International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, doi.org/10.2118/126735-MS. (ripi.ir)
Formation3
- Capillary dilation and increased capillary permeability resulting in blushing and edema formation. (dentalcare.com)
- Our research has focused on the mechanical controls on the formation of solution caverns created for underground gas storage and the permeability of salt formations. (bgs.ac.uk)
- Like sFlt1, soluble endoglin (sEng) is an antiangiogenic factor capable of inhibiting capillary tube formation in vitro [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Flow1
Influx1
- The result is an outward movement of fluid and ions at the atreiolar end, and an influx of fluid at the venus end of the capillary. (wikidoc.org)
Results2
- The results demonstrated that the capillary action played a dominant role only within a very short period of time at the beginning of evaporation (i.e. within 2 min). (iwaponline.com)
- Low porosity usually results in low permeability, but high porosity does not necessarily imply high permeability . (moviecultists.com)
Syndrome1
- Les enfants présentant un syndrome néphrotique idiopathique ont été répartis en trois groupes de 20 : première manifestation, rémission et récidive. (who.int)
Blood4
- These capillaries are a constituent of the blood-brain barrier. (wikipedia.org)
- The visceral pleura is supplied with blood from bronchial artery and from the pulmonary artery which divides into a net work of very delicate capillaries . (wikidoc.org)
- The capillary bed usually carries no more than 25% of the amount of blood it could contain, although this amount can be increased through autoregulation by inducing relaxation of smooth muscle . (wikidoc.org)
- The blood capillary component employed slit theory with contributions from both small (10 nm) and large (50 nm) slits. (cdc.gov)
Types1
- What are the 3 types of permeability? (moviecultists.com)