Peripheral and central central auditory ability to perceive sound hair cells auditory. Medical search. Frequent questions

Responses to the temporal-envelope cues of speech or other complex sounds persist up the auditory pathway, eventually to the various fields of the auditory cortex in many animals. (wikipedia.org)
By providing the pathway for ions to enter/exit the cell, ion channels and transporters eliminate this critical osmotic problem and allow for acute volume regulation. (ionchannellibrary.com)
Our lab is using dendritic patch clamp recordings to examine mechanisms of synaptic transmission at this first, critical synapse in the auditory pathway. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The ABR contains multiple waves representing neural activity across different peripheral auditory pathway stages, which arise within the first 10 ms after stimulus onset. (bvsalud.org)

In the Primary Auditory Cortex, responses can encode AM rates by phase-locking up to about 20-30 Hz, while faster rates induce sustained and often tuned responses. (wikipedia.org)
A topographical representation of AM rate has been demonstrated in the primary auditory cortex of awake macaques. (wikipedia.org)
This representation is approximately perpendicular to the axis of the tonotopic gradient, consistent with an orthogonal organization of spectral and temporal features in the auditory cortex. (wikipedia.org)
In particular, the 'attractor-like' dynamics of spatiotemporal activity patterns associated with the emergence and disappearance of subjective tinnitus will be described using novel statistics and compared to the respective local field potential (LPF) and spike recordings in auditory cortex of animal models for tinnitus in a companion project (ESR12). (tinact.eu)
The auditory system has exquisite temporal coding in the periphery which is transformed into a rate-based code in central auditory structures, like auditory cortex. (bvsalud.org)
We find that cortex can synchronize to dynamic binaural cues up to approximately 10 Hz, which aligns well with our measured limits of perceiving dynamic spatial information and utilizing dynamic binaural cues for spatial unmasking, i.e. measures of binaural sluggishness. (bvsalud.org)

The overall goal of the Auditory Brainstem Library is to understand how abnormal auditory input from the ear affects the brainstem, and how the brain in turn affects activity in the ear through efferent feedback loops. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In addition, his detailed analyses of developing auditory brainstem and other parts of the brain led to important insights on neuronal migration and differentiation. (aro.org)
He applied the rapid Golgi method and in subsequent years combined his Golgi studies with electron microscopy and silver degeneration to perform in-depth analyses of the neuronal architecture and synaptic organization of the major components of ascending auditory systems in the brainstem, including the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei, medial nucleus of the trapezoid body, inferior colliculus, and medial geniculate body. (aro.org)
The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is the most common non-invasive clinical measure of evoked potentials, e.g., as an objective measure for universal newborn hearing screening. (bvsalud.org)

Deafferentation is related to the decrease of afferent connections with the nerve cells and "Central gain" means that the central auditory pathways can generate hyperactivity to compensate for this loss of information. (tinact.eu)
The researchers hoped that precise electrical stimulation of the central lateral nucleus and its connections could reactivate these pathways, turning the lights back up. (quicknews.co.za)

The volume, pitch or quality of tinnitus sounds can fluctuate as well. (banishtinnitus.net)
Some people report that their tinnitus is most obvious when outside sounds are low (i.e. during the night). (banishtinnitus.net)
Other individuals describe their tinnitus as loud even in the presence of external sounds or noise, and some describe it as exacerbated by sounds. (banishtinnitus.net)
Standard masking devices help to mask the sound of tinnitus while you are using them, but they have no long-lasting effects. (banishtinnitus.net)
Modern medical-grade devices use customized sounds tailored specifically to your tinnitus. (banishtinnitus.net)
We are particularly interested in plastic changes in the brain that compensate for some aspects of altered auditory input, and how those changes relate to central auditory processing deficits, tinnitus, and hyperacusis. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Tinnitus describes the perception of a phantom sound in the absence of acoustic stimulation. (tinact.eu)
The hypothesis that cochlear synaptopathy could be one of the feasible causes of tinnitus comes from the suppositions that both the phenomena are related to deafferentation and consequential central gain effect. (tinact.eu)
The research project will investigate the tinnitus-related neural activity patterns in tinnitus patients and healthy subjects with acutely induced phantom sound percepts by detailed analysis of multichannel MEG/EEG recordings. (tinact.eu)
We expect the spatiotemporal cortical activation patterns to differ significantly between different perceptual states: By comparing patterns related to the perception of pure tones with different pitches with those measured during the perception of tinnitus it will be possible to provide an objective, physiological marker for the tinnitus percept in general, as well as an estimate of the perceived tinnitus pitch, rather than being reliant on subjective questionnaires. (tinact.eu)
It is known that the cause of tinnitus and similar disorders may have many causes, such as being exposed to excessive sounds, otitis, otosclerosis, MS, atherosclerosis, tumors, aneurysms and so on. (mskneurology.no)

Temporal envelope (ENV) and temporal fine structure (TFS) are changes in the amplitude and frequency of sound perceived by humans over time. (wikipedia.org)
These temporal changes are responsible for several aspects of auditory perception, including loudness, pitch and timbre perception and spatial hearing. (wikipedia.org)
A dichotomy between slow "temporal envelope" cues and faster "temporal fine structure" cues has been proposed to study several aspects of auditory perception (e.g., loudness, pitch and timbre perception, auditory scene analysis, sound localization) at two distinct time scales in each frequency band. (wikipedia.org)
Over the last decades, a wealth of psychophysical, electrophysiological and computational studies based on this envelope/fine-structure dichotomy have examined the role of these temporal cues in sound identification and communication, how these temporal cues are processed by the peripheral and central auditory system, and the effects of aging and cochlear damage on temporal auditory processing. (wikipedia.org)
Although the envelope/fine-structure dichotomy has been debated and questions remain as to how temporal fine structure cues are actually encoded in the auditory system, these studies have led to a range of applications in various fields including speech and audio processing, clinical audiology and rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss via hearing aids or cochlear implants. (wikipedia.org)
Any sound whose frequency components cover a narrow range (called a narrowband signal) can be considered as an envelope (ENVp, where p denotes the physical signal) superimposed on a more rapidly oscillating carrier, the temporal fine structure (TFSp). (wikipedia.org)
In the diotic condition, mistuning-detection thresholds were very low for both F0s and consistent with detection of temporal interactions (beats) produced by peripheral interactions of components. (aip.org)
Selection of laboratory and/or imaging studies to rule out conditions other than migraine headache is determined by the individual presentation (eg, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels may be appropriate to exclude temporal/giant cell arteritis). (medscape.com)

Our laboratories use biophysical, electrophysiological, molecular biological and histological methods to determine fundamental molecular mechanisms by which neurotransmitters are released from primary sensory cells ('hair cells') to excite second order neurons carrying information to the brain. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
All auditory information is transduced by only 15,000 hair cells (organ of Corti), of which the so-called inner hair cells, numbering 3,500, are critically important, since they form synapses with approximately 90% of the 30,000 primary auditory neurons (figure 2). (cloudaccess.net)
The ear is a sensory Sensory Neurons which conduct nerve impulses to the central nervous system. (lecturio.com)

Sensation perceived depends on the part of nervous system activated, and not on the sense organ stimulated. (iaszoology.com)
Accelerated aging in DS is not confined to the central nervous system (CNS) and occurs in various other systems. (medscape.com)
Exaggeration or absence of the reaction suggests that there may be damage to the central nervous system. (umn.edu)
It is more common in older adults and typically arises from problems in the inner ear structures or central nervous system. (lifeextension.com)
Vertigo, typically characterized by a sensation of spinning or dizziness, is usually caused by problems involving the inner ear (peripheral vertigo) or, less commonly, the central nervous system (central vertigo). (lifeextension.com)

Research in the Glowatzki Lab focuses on the auditory system, with a particular focus on synaptic transmission in the inner ear. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Using patterns of axonal degeneration, he documented that peripheral auditory lesions lead to synaptic degeneration in the brain. (aro.org)

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the EEG mini-cap can improve translational studies of peripheral auditory evoked responses. (bvsalud.org)

When they contract, vibration and thus also sound is dampened, which should occur when loud sounds enter the auditory canal (i.e the acoustic reflex). (mskneurology.no)

The neural representation of stimulus envelope, ENVn, has typically been studied using well-controlled ENVp modulations, that is sinusoidally amplitude-modulated (AM) sounds. (wikipedia.org)
In the auditory nerve, the strength of the neural representation of AM decreases with increasing modulation rate. (wikipedia.org)
Touch or somatosensory, also called tactition or mechanoreception, is a perception resulting from activation of neural receptors, generally in the skin including hair follicles, but also in the tongue, throat, and mucosa. (nurseslabs.com)

Cochlear filtering limits the range of AM rates encoded in individual auditory-nerve fibers. (wikipedia.org)
At the level of the cochlear nucleus, several cell types show an enhancement of ENVn information. (wikipedia.org)
Some of these cells show an excellent response to the ENVn and provide inhibitory sideband inputs to other cells in the cochlear nucleus giving a physiological correlate of comodulation masking release, a phenomenon whereby the detection of a signal in a masker is improved when the masker has correlated envelope fluctuations across frequency (see section below). (wikipedia.org)
The bodies of the cochlear sensory cells resting on the basilar membrane are surrounded by nerve terminals, and their approximately 30,000 axons form the cochlear nerve. (cloudaccess.net)
The cochlear nerve crosses the inner ear canal and extends to the central structures of the brain stem, the oldest part of the brain. (cloudaccess.net)
It has recently been shown in animal models that excessive noise exposure can lead to permanent changes in the inner ear without affecting sensitivity to sound, commonly referred to as "cochlear synaptopathy", or "hidden hearing loss" (since no increase in the hearing threshold can be assessed). (tinact.eu)
The auditory system is unique among sensory systems in its ability to phase lock to and precisely follow very fast cycle-by-cycle fluctuations in the phase of sound-driven cochlear vibrations. (bvsalud.org)

Patients with hyperacusis complain of everyday sounds as being too loud or too uncomfortable, even at relatively moderate sound levels. (tinact.eu)
With this, we found an optimal subset of sounds that give assessment information of hyperacusis in a fast and effective way. (tinact.eu)
Most importantly, our tool evaluates hyperacusis with sounds closer to everyday situations, and it can do so at low sound levels which thus limits uncomfort of the measure for the patient. (tinact.eu)

Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Hearing or audition is the sense of sound perception. (nurseslabs.com)

Peripheral filtering is done by receptors because of their mechanical ability to receive and transmit information. (iaszoology.com)
These pheromones cannot be perceived by the receptors of males of another species. (iaszoology.com)
this combination of excitatory signals from different receptors makes up what we perceive as the molecule's smell. (nurseslabs.com)

Stimuli that reach respective areas of brain such as optic lobes, auditory lobes etc. can get filtered out if not important. (iaszoology.com)
The acuity of central vision (at the optic disc) was explained by the concentration of visual spirit where the optic nerve met the retina. (nature.com)

Dive deep into the world of sight, sound, and sensation with our guide on special senses anatomy and physiology. (nurseslabs.com)

A second aim was to assess the perceived beat rate (when beats are perceived) and to relate this to the origin of the beats. (aip.org)

The outer ear consists of the auricle, a cartilaginous skin-covered structure, and the external auditory canal, an irregularly-shaped cylinder approximately 25 mm long which is lined by glands secreting wax. (cloudaccess.net)
The design of the ear's lobes make it perfect to collect waves and funnel them to the eardrum, which is also known as the tympanic membrane, via the external auditory canal. (mskneurology.no)
The external auditory canal is an approximately one inch long tubular structure that the sound waves travel through, ultimately hitting the eardrum and causing its vibration. (mskneurology.no)

This work set the stage for physiologists to investigate central auditory signal processing at the cellular level of analysis that was the envy of other sensory system scientists. (aro.org)

To understand why the neck and jaw may influence our hearing, we first need to look at how sound signals are generated and sent to the brain for interpretation, as well as get acquainted with the relevant anatomy. (mskneurology.no)

Complex sounds such as speech or music are decomposed by the peripheral auditory system of humans into narrow frequency bands. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, without the specialized ion transport system, cell membranes are impermeable for ions but are permeable for water. (ionchannellibrary.com)
He is often regarded as the father of modern auditory neuroanatomy, following in the footsteps of his muse Santiago Ramón y Cajal in exploiting the Golgi method, while also being the first to apply systematic electron microscopic analysis to studies of the auditory system. (aro.org)
Kent's interest in the auditory system emerged during his fellowship years in the Rasmussen laboratory. (aro.org)
His most recent immunocytochemical studies on the auditory system included defining the expression of potassium and sodium channel subunits that change following deafferentation. (aro.org)
Each government staff member is now wirelessly tethered from technology inside their person to a central computerized human control system. (ning.com)
When that government staff member generates an unapproved thought, that thought when automatically transmitted by wireless means to the central control system and then translated is immediately deleted from the subjects mind by the system of pre-programmed algorithms. (ning.com)
Targeted individuals of non-consensual neuro experimentation are also wirelessly tethered from technology inside their persons to a central computerized human control system. (ning.com)

Diverse techniques in molecular biology, immunology, and physiology are utilized to study epithelial cell innate immunity, olfactory loss, and response to viral infection. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Ongoing work explores how epithelial cells of the sinuses and olfactory mucosa participate in the immune response and contribute to chronic inflammation. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Olfactory cells located on the antennae of male moths (Lepidoptera) can perceive only specific pheromones which are released by the female of the same species. (iaszoology.com)

Epithalamus, which functions as the central switch board, selects and sends only necessary nerve impulses to cerebral hemispheres. (iaszoology.com)

For example, most commonly, clinics assess loudness discomfort levels (LDLs) by presenting artificial tones (beeps, noises) with increasing sound level until the patient indicates discomfort. (tinact.eu)

Both ENVBM and TFSBM are represented in the time patterns of action potentials in the auditory nerve these are denoted ENVn and TFSn. (wikipedia.org)

The external ear, also called the 'pinna' or 'auricle', is designed mainly to capture the sound waves. (mskneurology.no)

Its major components include the auditory ossicles and the eustachian tube that connects the cavity of middle ear (tympanic cavity) to the upper part of the throat. (lecturio.com)

In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)

One end terminates in the spiral ligament, a process of the cochlea's central column, while the other is connected to the bony wall of the cochlea. (cloudaccess.net)
The ossicles are the three smallest bones in the human body, and their job is to transfer but also modulate the strength of vibratory energy (sound wave vibrations) into the cochlea. (mskneurology.no)

A lot of information is received by brain but is not perceived. (iaszoology.com)
But the fact that these patients had emerged from comas and recovered a fair amount of cognitive function suggested that the brain systems that support attention and arousal - the ability to stay awake, pay attention to a conversation, focus on a task - were relatively preserved. (quicknews.co.za)
The central lateral nucleus is optimised to drive things broadly, but its vulnerability is that if you have a multifocal injury, it tends to take a greater hit because a hit can come from almost anywhere in the brain," said Nicholas Schiff, MD, a professor at Weill Cornell Medicine and co-senior author of the study. (quicknews.co.za)
The researchers created a virtual model of each brain that allowed them to pinpoint the location and level of stimulation that would activate the central lateral nucleus. (quicknews.co.za)

The day Kim is in Nairobi she notices the honking, engine sounds, yelling, and other street noises. (easynotecards.com)

In particular, an area of the thalamus called the central lateral nucleus functions as a hub that regulates many aspects of consciousness. (quicknews.co.za)

Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)

These sounds may be present at all times, or they may come and go. (banishtinnitus.net)
Very little scattered hairs and some whiskers are present on the body. (iaszoology.com)

cellular membrane has proteins-ionophores that allow certain ions IN - certain ions OUT, to keep the ionic concentration at a certain level for maintenance of that cell. (ionchannellibrary.com)

It is distinguished from exteroception, by which one perceives the outside world, and interoception, by which one perceives pain, hunger, and the movement of internal organs. (umn.edu)

For example caloreceptors can perceive sense of heat but not cold and frigidireceptors can only transmit the sense of cold. (iaszoology.com)
Bats can perceive ultrasonic sounds for echolocation but sense organs of other mammals do not possess that ability. (iaszoology.com)
A major component of proprioception is joint position sense (JPS), which involves an individual's ability to perceive the position of a joint without the aid of vision. (umn.edu)

The properties of this lipid bilayer are such that it allows only certain molecules to enter or leave the cell. (ionchannellibrary.com)

It's a very sensitive test of exactly the things that we're looking at: the ability to focus, concentrate and plan, and to do this in a way that is sensitive to time," Henderson said. (quicknews.co.za)
The term humanistic reflects the focus on defining a human psychology with emphases on individual existence, focusing on the role of free choice and our ability to make rational decisions on how we live. (dentmaker.net)
Accommodation- (eye focusing) the eye's ability to adjust its focus by the action of the ciliary muscle, which increases the lens focusing power. (retinalaser.com)

Multipolar cells can show band-pass tuning to AM tones with AM rates between 50 and 1000 Hz. (wikipedia.org)

In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)

For diotic presentation, the perceived beat rate corresponded to the amount of mistuning (in Hz). (aip.org)

And, even, though the nuclear Mechanisms may nowhere know these page as an central value, most of the quality of us would. (cdseidel.de)

Anatomy50

Organisms14

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs16

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Psychiatry and Psychology11

Phenomena and Processes26

Disciplines and Occupations3

Humanities1

Information Science2

Health Care1

Pathway4

Cortex6

Brainstem4

Pathways2

Tinnitus11

Temporal8

Neurons3

Nervous system5

Synaptic2

Responses1

Acoustic1

Neural3

Cochlear7

Hyperacusis3

Structures1

Perception1

Receptors3

Optic2

Sensation1

Relate1

Canal3

Cellular level1

Anatomy1

System8

Olfactory3

Nerve impulses1

Assess1

Patterns1

Waves1

Components1

Primary1

Cochlea2

Brain4

Noises1

Aspects1

Damage1

Present2

Level1

World1

Sense3

Enter1

Focus3

Tones1

Addition1

Rate1

Mechanisms1