Penicillin resistance in neisseria penicillin binding proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis selection pressure borne by these bacteria, as young children have very similar mechanisms of resistance to penicillin G. are treated more frequently than young adults. (cdc.gov)
demiology of resistance of S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis . (cdc.gov)
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis have is specific to the mechanism of resistance to penicillin G com- very similar mechanisms of resistance to penicillin G, which mon to S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis and mediated by the are mediated by the decreased affinity of penicillin-binding decrease in affinity of their PBPs. (cdc.gov)
Next, we studied N. meningitidis now have a penicillin G MIC greater than 2 µg/mL (4,5). (cdc.gov)
By to anticipate its trends in penicillin G-resistance selection contrast, for N. meningitidis , reports of high levels of resistance according to antibiotic exposure. (cdc.gov)
The In both S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis , humans are the genetic events leading to reduced affinity for penicillin G are only reservoir, and asymptomatic colonization is frequent. (cdc.gov)
The average colonization duration of S. of the pharynx of intragenic sequences, which leads to the syn- pneumoniae is approximately 2 to 3 months (8), whereas dura- thesis of mosaic PBPs and confers higher levels of resistance tion is approximately 10 months for N. meningitidis (9). (cdc.gov)
In addition, studies implicate that this species plays a role in penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria meningitidis. (wikipedia.org)
The increasing selective pressure from penicillin treatment has led to N. meningitidis' uptake of an altered penicillin-binding protein gene, penA, from Neisseria flavescens via transformation. (wikipedia.org)
This modified penicillin-binding protein, also known as mecA, inhibits Neisseria meningitidis' transpeptidases from binding to the β-lactam portion of penicillin. (wikipedia.org)
Neisseria meningitidis (Gram-negative diplococcus) is responsible globally for invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), in particular septicaemia and meningitis. (bmj.com)
genus Neisseria (together, for example, with Neisseria meningitidis ). (wikilectures.eu)
Real-time PCR was used to detect the presence of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumonia, Neisseria meningitidis and influenza A virus. (fortuneonline.org)
These include S. pneumoniae (Sp), Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) and H. influenzae (Hi). (fortuneonline.org)
Diseases Caused by Meningococci Meningococci ( Neisseria meningitidis ) are gram-negative diplococci that cause meningitis and meningococcemia. (msdmanuals.com)

In older children, a cephalosporin (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitis, and Haemophilus influenza) plus vancomycin (must be added secondarily to the possibility of resistant S pneumonia a nd Staphylococcus aureus). (medscape.com)
Ampicillin is a second-generation penicillin that is active against many strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella, Shigella, and Haemophilus influenzae. (medscape.com)
Cephalexin has obvious antibacterial effect on Neisseria, but it has no significant effect on Haemophilus influenzae. (ballyabio.com)
Many isolates of Haemophilus influenzae are resistant to erythromycin but are susceptible to erythromycin and sulfonamides when used concomitantly.Interactions with other AntimicrobialsAntagonism has been demonstrated in vitro between erythromycin and clindamycin, lincomycin and chloramphenicol.Antimicrobial ActivityAerobic bacteriaGram-positive bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae Corynebacterium minutissimum Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenesGram-negative bacteria Legionella pneumophila Neisseria gonorrhoeaeOther Microorganisms Mycoplasma pneumoniaeThe following in vitro data are available, but their clinical significance is unknown. (drugcentral.org)
Haemophilus influenzae strains in north Lebanon in both invasive and non-invasive disease and to determine the susceptibility pattern and the mechanism of resistance to -lactams [-lactamase-producing strains and -lactamase-negative ampicillin resistant (BLNAR) strains]. (who.int)
Haemophilus influenzae b vaccine in the binding protein (PBP) is also of concern cultured on chocolate agar + polyvita- industrialized world and the decreased as it relates to 20% of non-encapsulated min supplement + bacitracin (Bio-rad, incidence of invasive diseases [1], Hae- strains isolated in Europe [9]. (who.int)

These bacteria are gram-negative and diplococcus, rendering them virtually indistinguishable from the other Neisseria species. (wikipedia.org)
Viruses living in bacteria or some phages carry anti-CRISPR proteins to evade immunity by CRISPR-Cas. (bvsalud.org)
In nature, that's how, once in a while, new viruses and bacteria that cause disease epidemics are generated, and how antibiotic and drug resistance spread to the disease agents, making infections much more difficult to treat. (i-sis.org.uk)
The drug binds to a protein called penicillin-binding protein (PBP) to interrupt the creation of the outer layer, destroying the bacteria. (everlywell.com)
Due to the fimbriae, the bacteria bind firmly to the epithelium and can't be removed by urine. (wikilectures.eu)
If this is not possible, a transport medium (higher CO 2 tension , proteins, sufficient moisture) must be used to maintain the viability of the gonococci (very sensitive bacteria). (wikilectures.eu)
These compounds, however, are susceptible to ß-lactamases, a family of hydrolytic enzymes widely manifested by bacteria, conferring antibiotic resistance. (acepnow.com)
Certain gram-negative bacteria have become resistant to penicillin. (starhealth.in)
The later generations of penicillin have become broad-spectrum and are effective against gram-negative bacteria. (starhealth.in)
Third-generation cephalosporins are less effective in most gram-positive bacteria but are effective against Enterobacteriaceae, Neisseria spp. (starhealth.in)
Binding with the proteins essential for cell wall synthesis inhibits its formation and ultimately kills the bacteria. (com.pk)
The BETA-LACTAMASES hydrolyze the beta lactam ring, accounting for BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE of infective bacteria. (lookformedical.com)
They can inhibit cell wall mucopeptide synthase, namely penicillin binding proteins (PBPs), thereby hindering the synthesis of cell wall mucopeptides, causing bacterial cell wall defects and bacteria expansion. (ballyabio.com)
In addition, the lethal effect on bacteria should also include triggering the autolysin activity of the bacteria, and mutant strains lacking autolysin show resistance. (ballyabio.com)
Alpit is a combination product consisting of a penicillin-class antibacterial, piperacillin, and a β-lactamase inhibitor, tazobactam, indicated for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe infections caused by susceptible isolates of the designated bacteria in the conditions listed below. (sdrugs.com)

In 2010, after some strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae , the bacterium responsible for gonorrhea, began showing resistance to one of the last remaining classes of antibiotics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began recommending "dual therapy," meaning that doctors now prescribe two drugs at the same time to fight gonorrhea. (sciencedaily.com)
Yet the resistant strains, which have been identified in Japan, France, Spain and most recently in Canada, evade the lethal action of cephalosporins by preventing the antibiotic from binding to the protein target. (sciencedaily.com)
There are 60-some mutations on the PBP2 protein in the resistant strains of gonorrhea. (sciencedaily.com)
We collected draft genome sequence data and associated metadata data on 76 N. gonorrhoeae strains from around the globe and searched for known determinants of antibiotics resistance within the strains. (peerj.com)
Strains with resistance phenotypes to more recent antibiotics ( azithromycin and cefixime ) were mostly found in two of the five population subgroups. (peerj.com)
the resistance pattern to -lactams of these strains was determined by using the disc diffusion and E-test methods followed by molecular methods such as PCR of bla et bla genes. (who.int)

The model also takes into proteins (PBPs) (1-3). (cdc.gov)
Therefore, -lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin G, bind to PBPs in better understanding of S. pneumoniae resistance selection and the bacterial cell wall. (cdc.gov)
Our computational results suggest that the distance between the β-lactam ring and the active serine is more influential than the thermodynamic binding affinity for these antibiotics to interact with the PBPs. (emerginginvestigators.org)
Cefoperazone, a bactericidal antibiotic, inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis of actively dividing cells by binding to one or more penicillin binding proteins (PBPs). (kapypharmaceutical.co.in)

Like all β-lactams, Ampicillin Trihydrate interferes with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity otherwise involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. (toku-e.com)
The pleuromutilins inhibit ribosomal protein synthesis and bind to the same 50S ribosomal subunit as the amphenicols. (acepnow.com)
These antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis. (starhealth.in)
When there is no synthesis of protein, it can lead to irregular cell functioning, and the cells will not be able to replicate, which can lead to cell death. (starhealth.in)
Penicillins inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins. (medscape.com)
by binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosome, they inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. (msdmanuals.com)

As public health officials worry about the emergence of antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea, researchers are tracing how antibiotics bind to a gonococcal protein, information that can help lead to new antimicrobials. (sciencedaily.com)
Davies' team has just published a paper showing how cephalosporins bind and inactivate a gonococcal protein dubbed penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2). (sciencedaily.com)
Recognizing the need for ongoing surveillance of gonococ- among blacks is 17 times the rate among whites, likely because cal antimicrobial resistance, CDC developed the Gonococcal of structural socioeconomic factors ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
thus, gonococcal anti- ing the 1990s and was observed sporadically in the United microbial resistance poses a grave challenge. (cdc.gov)
collected throughout the United States, prompting CDC to However, widespread gonococcal resistance to sulfonamides no longer recommend the use of fluoroquinolones for gonor- occurred rapidly and was common by the 1940s. (cdc.gov)
During this cephalosporins (such as cefixime and ceftriaxone) were the time, however, the gonococcus acquired genetic mutations that only remaining antimicrobials recommended for treatment conferred increasing penicillin resistance, necessitating increas- of gonococcal infections. (cdc.gov)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the cause of gonococcal urethritis, is a gram-negative intracellular diplococcus. (medscape.com)

Ampicillin Trihydrate, EP is a member of the β-lactam family and is similar in structure to penicillin. (toku-e.com)
It can be used to select for ampicillin resistance in transformation experiments. (toku-e.com)
Resistance to ampicillin is routinely utilized as a selectable marker to confirm successful cell transformation. (toku-e.com)
Ampicillin Trihydrate is often used to select for cells that have been transformed with a plasmid containing the ampR gene which confers resistance to Ampicillin. (toku-e.com)
Ampicillin is routinely used to select for cells containing the pcDNA3.1 and pEAK10 resistance plasmids in cell line A904L at an effective concentration of 50 µg/mL. (toku-e.com)

Penicillin G had the greatest broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with a high radius of inhibition against S. epidermidis , E. coli , and N. sicca . (emerginginvestigators.org)
Its antibacterial ability is 20 times greater than penicillins, 10 times greater than sulfonamides, and 5 times greater than quinolones. (ballyabio.com)
These drugs have weak antibacterial activity so combined with penicillins to provide extended spectrum of activity. (howmed.net)
Among the determinants of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa , efflux pumps belonging to the resistance-nodulation-division (RND) family confer resistance to a broad range of antibacterial compounds. (allergy-link.com)

Yang W, Zhang L, Lu Z, Tao W, Zhai Z (2001) A new method for protein coexpression in Escherichia coli using two incompatible plasmids. (toku-e.com)
We concluded that all six penicillin-type antibiotics inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis , Escherichia coli , and Neisseria sicca with varying degrees of efficacy but exhibited no inhibition against Bacillus cereus . (emerginginvestigators.org)

The model suggests that simple differences in the impact of antibiotic exposure does not differ according to the natural history of colonization, interhuman contact, and expo- mechanism of resistance and do not consider the particular nat- sure to -lactam antibiotics explain major differences in the epi- ural history of the colonization of the bacterial species. (cdc.gov)
In both S. pneumoniae and N. meningi- establishing whether meningococcal resistance could increase tidis , the main mechanism of penicillin G resistance is mediat- are important. (cdc.gov)
Waxman DJ and Strominger JL (1983) Penicillin-binding proteins and the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics. (toku-e.com)
antimicrobial resistance (AMR) families of the resistance mechanism of antibiotic efflux pump included resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pump (for mtrA , soxR and golS genes), major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump (for soxR gene), the two-component regulatory kdpDE system (for kdpE gene) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) antibiotic efflux pump (for efrA gene). (springeropen.com)
AMR families of the resistance mechanism of antibiotic target alteration included glycopeptide resistance gene cluster (for vanRO gene), rifamycin-resistant beta-subunit of RNA polymerase (for rpoB2 gene) and antibiotic-resistant isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (for ileS gene). (springeropen.com)
AMR families of the resistance mechanism of antibiotic target protection included bacterial RNA polymerase-binding protein (for RbpA gene), while those of the resistance mechanism of antibiotic inactivation included rifampin ADP-ribosyltransferase (for arr-1 gene). (springeropen.com)

Since then, four other cases of meningitis have also found Neisseria flavescens to be the causative agent. (wikipedia.org)
Next, 16S rRNA sequencing was done, further confirming that Neisseria flavescens was indeed the causative agent. (wikipedia.org)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) of major importance. (peerj.com)
Additionally, studies from the early 1980s have shown that Augmentin® was effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae , the causative agent for gonorrhea. (everlywell.com)

Four isolates were penicillin G-resistant and 73% of those penicillin G-susceptible showed a minimum inhibitory concentration from 0.064 μg/mL to 0.25 μg/mL. (bmj.com)
The sAniA protein was expressed in 8 out of 28 (29%) screened meningococcal carriage isolates. (bmj.com)
A metagenomic whole genome shotgun sequencing approach was used for rhizospheric soil micribiome of the wild plant Abutilon fruticosum in order to detect antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) along with their antibiotic resistance mechanisms and to detect potential risk of these ARGs to human health upon transfer to clinical isolates. (springeropen.com)
With direct and indirect costs for treating these conditions annually exceeding $33 billion in the United States alone, and nearly ubiquitous resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics among M. catarrhalis clinical isolates, a greater understanding of this pathogen's genome and its variability among isolates is needed. (biomedcentral.com)

This pigmentation also indicates N. flavescens' similarity to saccharolytic Neisseria species, which also exhibit pigmentation. (wikipedia.org)
Though it shares many similarities with the saccharolytic species, Neisseria flavescens has a greater genetic relation to pathogenic Neisseria species, as molecular studies have shown. (wikipedia.org)
Gram-negative, diplococci were present in the smear, narrowing the organism down to a Neisseria species. (wikipedia.org)
5] Adding clavulanic acid to amoxicillin broadens the coverage to include organisms such as Neisseria species , Proteus species , and Pasteurella multocida . (everlywell.com)
Different bacterial species have developed resistance to antibiotics over the years. (emerginginvestigators.org)
Through a Kirby-Bauer assay, we found that the inhibition performance of these penicillin-type antibiotics varies greatly among different bacterial species. (emerginginvestigators.org)
However, the bacterial species have developed a resistance to tetracyclines, according to data published in an NCBI article. (starhealth.in)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes an acute, inflammatory disease of the urogenital tract called gonorrhoea . (wikilectures.eu)

While many other antibiotic classes are available, resistance continues to emerge in such common pathogens as Enterococcus and Neisseria . (acepnow.com)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis are the two pathogens most commonly isolated from women with positive cultures for PID. (pediagenosis.com)

Led by postdoctoral fellow Avinash Singh, Ph.D., the researchers showed the protein undergoes key structural changes, including twisting and rolling of a loop to bind the antibiotic, that enhance the reaction with cephalosporins. (sciencedaily.com)
Analysis of the ftsI gene reveals 26% of predicted resistance to amoxicillin without resistance to third generation cephalosporins. (fortuneonline.org)
Four-membered cyclic AMIDES, best known for the PENICILLINS based on a bicyclo-thiazolidine, as well as the CEPHALOSPORINS based on a bicyclo-thiazine, and including monocyclic MONOBACTAMS. (lookformedical.com)
Beta-lactam antibiotics are a wide range of antibiotics, including penicillin and its derivatives, cephalosporins, monoamide rings, carbapenems and penicillene enzyme inhibitors etc. β-lactam antibiotics (β-lactams) refer to a large class of antibiotics with β-lactam ring in the chemical structure. (ballyabio.com)
It is the most widely used class of existing antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins that are most commonly used clinically, as well as newly developed cephalosporins, thiomycins, monocyclic β-lactams, etc. (ballyabio.com)

The beta-lactam moiety of ceftriaxone binds to carboxypeptidases, endopeptidases, and transpeptidases in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. (onteenstoday.com)

Pitout JD, Sanders CC, Sanders WE (1997) Antimicrobial resistance with focus on beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacilli. (toku-e.com)
At a time when emerging antimicrobial resistance is decreasing the efficacy of existing treatments, it is more important than ever that we refresh the drug pipeline with new antimicrobials displaying novel modes of action. (co-add.org)
Bringing together leading exponents in the field, the meeting will appeal to anyone with an interest in antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial drug discovery. (co-add.org)
Antibiotic Awareness Week 2016 for talks by leading exponents in the field of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial drug discovery. (co-add.org)

In addition, mannosebinding-lectin (MBL) is an epithelial-cell associated host protein that binds to Candida mannan, activates complement, and thus inhibits Candida growth. (paperzz.com)

A New Meningococcus-like Organism (Neisseria flavescens n. sp. (wikipedia.org)
GMDNA often contains antibiotic resistance marker genes needed in the process of making GM organisms, but serves no useful function in the GM organism. (i-sis.org.uk)
Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins. (lookformedical.com)

An analysis of the ftsI gene was further used to analyze beta-lactam resistance in H. influenzae. (fortuneonline.org)
Using amino acid sequence homology with known verapamil protein targets as a probe, we determined that the PA1113 gene product, an ABC transporter, mediates carbenicillin uptake into the bacterial cytoplasm. (allergy-link.com)
Docking and pharmacological analyses showed that verapamil and carbenicillin compete for the same site on the PA1113 gene protein, explaining the inhibitory effect of verapamil on carbenicillin uptake, and furthermore suggest that the PA1113 ABC transporter accounts for about 30% of P. aeruginosa carbenicillin resistance. (allergy-link.com)
Our findings demonstrate that the PA1113 gene product helps mediate carbenicillin resistance by transporting it away from its cell wall target and represents a promising new therapeutic target. (allergy-link.com)

It is indicated for the prophylaxis or treatment of mild to moderately severe upper respiratory tract infections caused by organisms susceptible to low concentrations of penicillin G. (medscape.com)

Whereas efflux pumps such as MexAB-OprM have been thought to predominate, here we show that a novel ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter that mediates influx of carbenicillin from the periplasm to the cytoplasm and away from its cell wall target plays an important role in the resistance of P. aeruginosa to this antibiotic. (allergy-link.com)

Steadily and relentlessly, the bacterium that causes gonorrhea has slipped past medicine's defenses, acquiring resistance to once-reliable drugs, including penicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin. (sciencedaily.com)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae , a Gram-negative bacterium, causes gonorrhea, the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STIs), causing more than 106 million cases per year globally ( World Health Organization (WHO), 2012 ). (peerj.com)
The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcus), was discovered in 1879 by the German physician Albert Neisser, after whom it is also named. (wikilectures.eu)
Reducing Neisseria gonorrhoeae colonies in the oropharynx is a viable solution to minimize the transmission of this bacterium amongst individuals. (allergy-link.com)

Doxycycline has a high degree of lipoid solubility and a low affinity for calcium binding. (nih.gov)
Chromosomally mediated resistance is more general and involves mutations that alter cell wall permeability or the affinity of binding proteins to antibiotics. (pediagenosis.com)

These proteins include thiolesterases, members of the glyoxalase II family, that catalyse the hydrolysis of S-D-lactoyl-glutathione to form glutathione and D-lactic acid and a competence protein that is essential for natural transformation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and could be a transporter involved in DNA uptake. (embl.de)

Research has focused on cost-effective antibiotic therapy and concern for emergence of antibiotic resistance with both typical and atypical organisms. (medscape.com)
Awareness of local trends in prevalent organisms and local resistance patterns is key. (medscape.com)
Penicillins are highly active against gram-positive organisms. (medscape.com)

ed by the alteration of these penicillin target enzymes. (cdc.gov)
Clavulanic acid is an inhibitor of the beta-lactamase enzymes and is added to amoxicillin to help reduce this resistance. (everlywell.com)

Penicillins are used to treat various infections, and it is a beta-lactam antibiotic. (starhealth.in)
It may result from opportunistic colonization following immunosuppression by the primary pathogen and can be influenced by the time interval between infections, microbial physiology, or host resistance. (lookformedical.com)

Over time, microbes can develop resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, like amoxicillin, by making an enzyme known as beta-lactamase. (everlywell.com)

At the same time, biochemical testing distinguishes Neisseria flavescens from other gram-negative diplococci, with N. flavescens being DNase negative, weakly positive to Superoxol, and capable of prolyl aminopeptidase production in an enzyme-substrate test. (wikipedia.org)

Antibiotic resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ARNG) is therefore a growing public health concern. (sudoroom.org)

With the protein out of commission and not building the mesh, holes start to appear in the cell wall. (sciencedaily.com)
If those movements are critical to its job of binding to peptides and building the mesh that keeps the cell wall intact, how can the mutations block the antibiotic but still allow the normal reaction? (sciencedaily.com)
The cell wall shows some resistance to alkali. (vivadifferences.com)

Moraxella catarrhalis , Neisseria spp. (acepnow.com)

Testing β-lactamase positive, Neisseria flavescens rendered penicillin an ineffective treatment for the patient and, instead, was targeted by cefotaxime. (wikipedia.org)

Most plasmid-mediated resistance is to penicillin and tetracycline. (pediagenosis.com)

Normally, PBP2 moves along the bacterial cell's cytoplasmic membrane, reaching out into the space between the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane, looking for peptides to bind to. (sciencedaily.com)
An 11-kDa protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)

Neisseria flavescens was first isolated from cerebrospinal fluid in the midst of an epidemic meningitis outbreak in Chicago. (wikipedia.org)

The remaining Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacteroides fragilis showed resistance to this product. (ballyabio.com)

5,7] Amoxicillin is a derivative of penicillin and is considered a third-generation penicillin antibiotic. (everlywell.com)
Amoxicillin is the equivalent of penicillin for bacteriologic eradication of group A streptococcal infection from the tonsillopharynx. (medscape.com)

Here, we propose a probabilistic strategy of ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) profile search to fish out sequences of anti-CRISPR proteins from environmental metagenomic, human microbiome metagenomic, human microbiome reference genome, and NCBI's non-redundant databases. (bvsalud.org)

More recent studies have also suggested high rates of recombination within the Neisseria genus ( Didelot & Maiden, 2010 ). (peerj.com)

Yet, Neisseria flavescens remains distinct due to its signature pigmented colonies, yellow-gold in color. (wikipedia.org)

Objectives To evaluate and characterise meningococcal carriage among healthy men who have sex with men (MSM) within a screening programme for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection at the San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Italy. (bmj.com)
For persistent infection following treatment, unrelated to reexposure, send a specimen to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for drug-resistance testing. (medscape.com)

Within the past 40 years, this pathogen has developed resistance to 3rd-generation, cephalosporin antibiotics which are ultimately the last line of defense against this bacterial pathogen [1] . (sudoroom.org)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the sexually transmitted pathogen that causes Gonorrhea, has progressively developed resistance to the antibiotic drugs used to treat it. (sudoroom.org)

Models of transmission have been developed to anticipate trends in meningococcal resistance to penicillin G. (cdc.gov)
lethal, meningococcal resistance is a major concern. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy7

Organisms36

Diseases22

Chemicals and Drugs91

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science4

Health Care4

Geographicals1

Meningitidis15

Haemophilus6

Bacteria15

Strains6

PBPs4

Synthesis6

Gonococcal7

Ampicillin5

Antibacterial4

Escherichia2

Mechanism6

Causative4

Isolates4

Species7

Gonorrhoeae causes1

Pathogens2

Cephalosporins5

Ceftriaxone1

Antimicrobial resistance4

Inhibits1

Organism3

Gene4

Susceptible1

Carbenicillin1

Bacterium4

Affinity2

Uptake1

Organisms3

Enzymes2

Infections2

Beta-lactam anti1

Diplococci1

Antibiotic-resistant1

Cell wall3

Moraxella1

Cefotaxime1

Tetracycline1

Outer membrane2

Meningitis1

Enterobacteriaceae1

Amoxicillin2

Genome1

Genus1

Pigmented colonies1

Infection2

Cephalosporin1

Sexually1

Meningococcal2