• The proteins that bind to paxillin are diverse and include protein tyrosine kinases, such as Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), structural proteins, such as vinculin and actopaxin, and regulators of actin organization, such as COOL/PIX and PKL/GIT. (wikipedia.org)
  • We also know that the binding of paxillin to focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is critical for directing paxillin function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and CD4 fulfil vital functions in cellular signal transduction: FAK is a central component in integrin signalling, whereas CD4 plays essential roles in the immune defence. (edu.sa)
  • These effects required the activation of the Akt and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways as well as IGF-I-induced Akt- and MAPK-dependent phosphorylation of paxillin, which relocated at dynamic focal adhesions and was necessary for promoting motility in bladder cancer cells. (unimib.it)
  • Both vinY822F and vin −/− cells exhibit increased interaction between paxillin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and increased paxillin and FAK phosphorylation. (rupress.org)
  • Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a major structural adaptor protein governing signaling complex formation and cytoskeletal dynamics. (jneurosci.org)
  • Podosomes are structurally divided into a core, which mainly contains proteins involved in actin polymerization (such as WASP, the Arp2/3 complex and cortactin ), and a surrounding ring populated by integrin receptors and adhesion proteins (for example, paxillin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK/Pyk2) ) [15] . (cellmigration.org)
  • 1990). Kinetic studies have suggested that localization of tensin and focal adhesion kinase to sites of integrin clustering are also early events in the formation of focal adhesions (Miyamoto et al. (ppbhg.org)
  • Protein Tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6/BRK) is overexpressed in the majority of human breast tumors and breast tumor cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
  • Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6, also called BRK) is a SRC-related intracellular tyrosine kinase expressed in normal epithelia and cancer. (oncotarget.com)
  • Significant reductions in the phosphorylation of signaling molecules focal adhesion kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, and v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene were observed in male MIPβ1KO islets when compared to controls. (oncotarget.com)
  • β1 integrin is the major β integrin subunit in pancreatic beta-cells and forms heterodimers with 12 α integrin subunits, which interact with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to control intracellular signaling via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal related kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • TIMP3 inhibited matrix-induced focal adhesion kinase (FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and association with paxillin and disrupted the incorporation of 3 integrin, FAK and paxillin into focal adhesion connections in the matrix, that have been not suffering from caspase inhibitors. (lavoixdesrroms.org)
  • p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4), a specific effector of the Rho GTPase Cdc42, is activated by HGF, and we have previously shown that activated PAK4 induces a loss of both actin stress fibres and focal adhesions. (silverchair.com)
  • Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that coordinates intracellular lipolysis in highly oxidative tissues and is thought to regulate lipid metabolism in response to phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). (uci.edu)
  • Multiple signal transduction pathways are affected downstream from EDNRA/B. In the case of interaction of EDNs with EDNRA, a pertussis toxin-insensitive G protein becomes activated and promotes stimulation of phospholipase C, resulting in the transactivation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and steroid receptor coactivator (c-Src) are signaling proteins that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility by influencing actin polymerization and focal adhesion turn-over [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We show that epithelial cell migration was regulated by this signaling cascade through oxidative inactivation of the regulatory phosphatases PTEN and PTP-PEST, with consequent activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • These peptides bind to seven transmembrane domain receptors which lack intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and activate second messenger pathways via heterotrimeric G proteins. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • This thesis shows that the non-hydrolyzable GTP analogue, GTP?S, induced tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins including the focal adhesion associated proteins p125 focal adhesion kinase and paxillin in permeabilized Swiss 3T3 cells. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Here, it is shown that addition of the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor [(3,4,5,-trihydroxyphenyl)-methylene]-propanedinitrile (tyrphostin) to intact Swiss 3T3 cells reduces bombesin induced tyrosine phosphorylation and inhibits bombesin mediated c-fos expression and DNA synthesis. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Paxillin is tyrosine-phosphorylated by FAK and Src upon integrin engagement or growth factor stimulation, creating binding sites for the adapter protein Crk. (wikipedia.org)
  • The current working model of costamerogenesis is that in cultured, undifferentiated myoblasts, alpha-5 integrin, vinculin and paxillin are in complex and located primarily at focal adhesions. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are specific receptor proteins like integrin on the external surface of focal attachments. (omicsonline.org)
  • Many proteins in adhesion plaque such as integrin, cytoskeleton proteins, proteases, protein kinases, phosphatases take part in signal transferring by co-localizing with vinculin and talin [ 3 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • At the core of the focal adhesion is a cluster of activated integrin heterodimers, which are transmembrane signaling proteins that attach cells to their ligands, i.e., extracellular matrix (ECM)1 (Hynes, 1992). (ppbhg.org)
  • 1 integrin, coupled with one of its many partners, is thought to play a central role in focal adhesion formation. (ppbhg.org)
  • In vitro binding assays have suggested that talin and -actinin may associate directly with 1 integrin (Horwitz et al. (ppbhg.org)
  • α2β1γ1) stimulates oligodendrocytes to extend elaborate membrane sheets in vitro (cell spreading), mediated by integrin α6β1. (rupress.org)
  • The role of β1 integrin in maintaining optimal islet function has previously been identified in vitro using cell lines and isolated islets. (oncotarget.com)
  • Three structurally distinct groups of antagonists were used to test the hypothesis that integrin adhesion receptors play an essential role in consolidating (stabilizing) long term potentiation of the Schaffer collaterals in rat hippocampus. (shengsci.com)
  • Paxillin, an integrin-assembly protein, has four major tyrosine phosphorylation sites, and the phosphorylation of Tyr31 and Tyr118 correlates with cell adhesion and migration. (silverchair.com)
  • ILK forms an obligate heterotrimeric complex with particularly interesting Cys-His-rich protein (PINCH) and parvin, which together lend stability to the actin cytoskeleton at focal adhesions ( Brakebusch and Fässler, 2003 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Migration and invasion require coordinated reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton and regulation of cell-adhesion dynamics. (silverchair.com)
  • A lager expansion of the cell area accompanied by a greater development of actin cytoskeleton and talin1, a greater adhesion strength of CTEs to each disk, and higher gene expression level of focal adhesion protein were observed with the mirror-polished surface than the mechanically polished surface both Ti and Ce-TZP/Al 2 O 3 disks. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Mirror-polished Ce-TZP/Al 2 O 3 might contribute to the success of implant therapy by its strong adhesion strength to gingival connective tissues with the developed focal contact-cytoskeleton complex. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Rho GTPases represent a family of small GTP-binding proteins involved in cell cytoskeleton organization, migration, transcription, and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whereas the formation of focal adhesions requires actomyosin-mediated contractile force mediated by RhoA , podosome formation is stimulated by a local loss of contractility and the recruitment of negative regulators of RhoA, such as p190RhoGAP [16] . (cellmigration.org)
  • In this study, it was observed that the ion implantation stimulated the neural proliferation and the implantation of different ions on cell culture surfaces was essential to determine the effects of this technique on adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis properties of cells in details. (omicsonline.org)
  • A vinculin fragment (amino acids 811-1066) containing the paxillin binding site restored apoptosis and suppressed ERK activity in vin −/− cells. (rupress.org)
  • Transfection with paxillin Y31FY118F dominant-negative mutant in these cells inhibits ERK activation and restores apoptosis. (rupress.org)
  • TIMP3 overexpression led to elevated apoptosis in individual breasts carcinoma (MDA-MB435) in vivo however, not in vitro. (lavoixdesrroms.org)
  • Nevertheless, TIMP3 could induce apoptosis in endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. (lavoixdesrroms.org)
  • Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This photoactivation localization microscopy (PALM) image of tdEos-vinculin (red) and Dronpa-paxillin (green) illustrates that vinculin and paxillin are segregated into interlocking microdomains within focal adhesions. (ucsd.edu)
  • The proline-rich region of paxillin specifically binds to the second SH3 domain of ponsin, which occurs after the onset of the myogenic differentiation and with expression restricted to costameres. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using crystallography and microcalorimetry, we here show that the focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain of FAK binds specifically to the CD4 endocytosis motif in vitro. (edu.sa)
  • After a ligand binds to the GPCR, it activates a heterotrimeric G-protein, which is composed of three subunits: a guanine nucleotide binding α-subunit, and a βγ-heterodimer (98). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Isl-1 binds to one of the two cis-acting protein-binding domains of the insulin gene. (embl.de)
  • Here, using in vivo and in vitro approaches, we identified the lncRNA Malat1 as a key player in postnatal cardiac regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using biologically relevant elastic substrates to study cell function in vitro has proven beneficial, as the in vivo microenvironment usually is much softer than rigid plastic dishes. (5dok.org)
  • The cancer chemopreventive retinoid N -(4 hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4HPR) has already been shown to restrain prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo, though its mechanisms of action are only partially explained. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The phosphorylation of FAK at serine-910 regulates the interaction of FAK with paxillin, and controls the stability of paxillin at costameres in cardiomyocytes, with phosphorylation reducing the half-life of paxillin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, the loss of hnRNP U, an interaction partner of Malat1, induced similar features in vitro, suggesting that Malat1 regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and binucleation by hnRNP U to control the regenerative window in the heart. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, vinculin regulates survival and motility via ERK by controlling the accessibility of paxillin for FAK interaction. (rupress.org)
  • Together with dynactin, dynein regulates centrosomal orientation to establish and maintain cell polarity, controls focal adhesion turnover and anchors microtubules at the leading edge. (biologists.com)
  • FLIM-FRET analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that PLIN5 S155 phosphorylation regulates PLIN5 interaction with adipose triglyceride lipase at the lipid droplet, but not with α-β hydrolase domain-containing 5. (uci.edu)
  • The N-terminal region of paxillin is rich in protein-protein interaction sites. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell adhesion (the physical interaction of a cell with another cell or with the extracellular matrix (ECM)) is essential for cell migration and tissue integrity. (cellmigration.org)
  • Based on all the results, the increased resistance to trypsinization of C2C12, LF, HaCaT, and VSMC cells on amine PPs can be explained most probably by a non-specific cell adhesion such as electrostatic interaction between the cells and amine groups on the material surface, rather than by the receptor-mediated adhesion through serum-derived proteins adsorbed on the PPs. (nature.com)
  • Based on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, core targets and core subsets were screened. (hindawi.com)
  • Throughout cell-material interaction, adhesion is influenced by the features of a biomaterial surface, comprising topography and physicochemical properties. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Mammalian cysteine-rich intestinal protein (CRIP), a small protein which seems to have a role in zinc absorption and may function as an intracellular zinc transport protein. (embl.de)
  • These adhesions are usually physically linked to large, readily visualized actomyosin bundles [13] , and their appearance correlates inversely with motility, such that they are conspicuously absent in cells migrating within a three-dimensional (3D) substrate. (cellmigration.org)
  • Spindly is a protein that targets dynein/dynactin to kinetochores in mitosis and can activate its motility in vitro . (biologists.com)
  • Our previously-obtained impressive results of highly increased C2C12 mouse myoblast adhesion to amine plasma polymers (PPs) motivated current detailed studies of cell resistance to trypsinization, cell proliferation, motility, and the rate of attachment carried out for fibroblasts (LF), keratinocytes (HaCaT), rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), and endothelial cells (HUVEC, HSVEC, and CPAE) on three different amine PPs. (nature.com)
  • EL decreased phosphorylation of FAK and its downstream targets, Src, paxillin, and decreased mRNA expression of cell motility-related genes, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 in lung cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data suggest that EL suppresses lung cancer cell motility and invasion by altering FAK activity and subsequent activation of downstream proteins needed for focal adhesion formation and cytoskeletal rearrangement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One particular of them is paxillin, a crucial focal adhesion protein that is definitely important for cell matrix adhesion, cell motility and migration. (hormonespathway.com)
  • LPA acts as an autocrine/paracrine messenger through at least six G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), known as LPA 1-6 , to induce various cellular processes including wound healing, differentiation, proliferation, migration, and survival. (hindawi.com)
  • LPA activates at least six G-coupled protein receptors (LPA 1-6 ) stimulating different signaling pathways through heterotrimeric G proteins such as G i/0 , G 12/13 , G q/11 , and G s . (hindawi.com)
  • We detected PTK6 mRNA and protein expression in the immortalized normal MCF-10A human mammary gland epithelial cell line, and examined PTK6 expression and activation in a normal human breast tissue microarray, as well as in human breast tumors. (oncotarget.com)
  • The expression of Insulin and Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 mRNA was significantly reduced in MIPβ1KO islets, along with reductions in insulin exocytotic proteins. (oncotarget.com)
  • Reversion of the epigenetic lock by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A resulted in EDN3 mRNA re-expression in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Comparative functional multiomics showed that blood proteins induce distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional programs in microglia and macrophages, such as redox, type I interferon and lymphocyte recruitment. (nature.com)
  • Different chemoattractants induce leukocyte infiltration and activation through binding to G protein-coupled receptor. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • These adhesions generate signals that activate Rac, promoting actin polymerization and preventing myosin II engagement in the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
  • our data imply that, in the kidney, loss of tensin leads to alpha-Boswellic acid a weakening, rather than a severing, of focal adhesion. (ppbhg.org)
  • 1995). Of the myriad of focal adhesion proteins, tensin is particularly interesting because it has the ability to bind to actin microfilaments at multiple sites, enabling tensin both to cap the growing (barbed) ends of actin filaments and to cross-link actin filaments (Lo et al. (ppbhg.org)
  • Focal attachments have 10-15 nm distance between the cell membrane and the material surface and they are tight connections. (omicsonline.org)
  • Depending on which family the G protein is, it goes on to activate (G αs protein subunit) or inhibit (G αi protein subunit) the membrane-bound cyclase. (pancreapedia.org)
  • MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)
  • We found that mutation of Tyr31/118 caused enhanced activation of RhoA and premature formation of stress fibers with substantial loss of efficient membrane spreading and ruffling in adhesion and migration of NMuMG cells. (silverchair.com)
  • We conclude that Tyr31/118-phosphorylated paxillin serves as a template for the localized suppression of RhoA activity and is necessary for efficient membrane spreading and ruffling in adhesion and migration of NMuMG cells. (silverchair.com)
  • The best-characterized molecules are Rho, which controls the stress fibers and focal adhesion formation, and Rac and Cdc42, which regulate membrane ruffling, and filopodium formation, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ligand-binding site is in the extracellular domain and the cytosolic domain has a heterotrimeric G protein-binding site (127). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Paxillin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PXN gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vitro, Malat1 deficiency induced binucleation and the expression of a maturation gene program. (bvsalud.org)
  • We report a blood-induced microglia gene network and show that blood proteins elicit distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional changes and signaling programs in innate immune cells. (nature.com)
  • Vertebrate insulin gene enhancer binding protein isl-1. (embl.de)
  • Gene and protein expression levels of FAK-Src signaling molecules in EL-treated lung cancer cells were determined using PCR arrays, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We prepared Titanium (Ti) and Ce-TZP/Al 2 O 3 disks with different surface roughness, namely, mirrored and machined surfaces, on which HGF-1 were cultured, and then the biological parameters of the cultured cells, including cell morphology and gene expression of focal adhesion proteins were assessed. (alliedacademies.org)
  • This study explores the use of a simple human neurosphere-based in vitro model to characterise the pharmacological and toxicological effects of LiCl and VPA using gene expression changes linked to phenotypic alterations in cells. (plos.org)
  • Nascent adhesions are the first observable adhesive structures, emerging within the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
  • Nascent adhesions are small and highly transient - either maturing or disassembling ('turning over') - and are therefore not easily observed in every cell type [6] , [7] . (cellmigration.org)
  • They are larger than nascent adhesions, depend on myosin II for their formation and maintenance, and reside at the boundary of the lamellum and lamellipodium [10] , [11] . (cellmigration.org)
  • Like nascent adhesions, they also tend to either disassemble (turnover) or grow and elongate into focal adhesions. (cellmigration.org)
  • Cell-cell adhesion maintains epithelial tissues, supports functional contacts between specialized cells, and can facilitate directed migration (for example, radial glia can guide neuronal progenitor cells to specific layers of the brain). (cellmigration.org)
  • All other tissues appeared normal, suggesting that, in most cases, tensin's diverse functions are redundant and may be compensated for by other focal adhesion proteins. (ppbhg.org)
  • Tissues Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3), among four people of a family group of protein which were originally categorized according with their capability to inhibit MMPs (10, 11) is certainly a naturally taking place inhibitor of angiogenesis that limitations vessel thickness in the vascular bed of tumors and curtails tumor development Namitecan (12-14). (lavoixdesrroms.org)
  • The G-protein-coupled formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2 has been implicated in regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis, while the role of FPR2 in homing and engraftment of ECFCs and neovascularization in ischemic tissues has not been fully defined. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • Adhesion complexes (i.e., focal adhesions and focal complexes) and cell-cell contacts are specialized structures that harbor a large number of cytoskeletal proteins and one of the highest concentrations of signaling molecules in cells ( Ruoslahti and Obrink, 1996 ). (rupress.org)
  • other signaling adaptors are also recruited to these complexes, including FAK and paxillin. (cellmigration.org)
  • Focal complexes are adhesions in the early stages of maturation. (cellmigration.org)
  • In vitro migration assays, transendothelial migration assays (iTEM), and cell adhesion assays were used to investigate the effects of SPON2 on monocyte/macrophage migration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • a protein required for the differentiation of the set of six touch receptor neurons in this nematode. (embl.de)
  • Mammalian LH-2, a transcriptional regulatory protein involved in the control of cell differentiation in developing lymphoid and neural cell types. (embl.de)
  • In siliteo analysis reinforced previously reported anti-inflammatory actions of 5-MeO-DMT & revealed modulatory effects on proteins associated with long-term potentiation, the formation of dendritic spines, including those involved in cellular protrusion formation, microtubule dynamics, and cytoskeletal reorganization. (baoninhsunrise.com)
  • One mechanism is the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). (pancreapedia.org)
  • The receptor protein has seven transmembrane α-helices connected by alternating cytosolic and extracellular loops. (pancreapedia.org)
  • DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)
  • Here we describe the 3.2 Å cryo-EM structure of human DEC-205, thereby illuminating the structure of the mannose receptor protein family. (uci.edu)
  • FPRL1, and FPRL2 belong to the N-formyl peptide chemoattractant G protein-coupled receptor family (FPR). (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • WKYMVm stimulated chemotactic migration, angiogenesis, and proliferation ability of human ECFCs in vitro. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • DEGs were also enriched in human papillomavirus infections, the focal adhesion pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and among others. (hindawi.com)
  • These signals are also required for the dissolution of some adhesions (turnover) as the cell advances. (cellmigration.org)
  • Moreover, these cells have a concomitant reduction in cell-adhesion turnover rates. (silverchair.com)
  • The adhesions between cultured cells and the material surface are called focal attachments or adhesion plaques. (omicsonline.org)
  • Fibrillar adhesions represent an extreme in the maturation of adhesions and are not generally seen in migrating cells. (cellmigration.org)
  • Podosomes are ring-shaped adhesions often found in fast-moving cells, such as macrophages. (cellmigration.org)
  • 1995). Focal adhesions were first identified in tissue-culture cells, as sites of contact between a cell and its underlying substrate (Abercrombie et al. (ppbhg.org)
  • However, how blood proteins polarize innate immune cells remains largely unknown. (nature.com)
  • The increased cell adhesion was also confirmed for LF cells by an independent technique, single-cell force spectroscopy. (nature.com)
  • We now report that DU145 human prostate cancer cells with reduced levels of PAK4 expression are unable to successfully migrate in response to HGF, have prominent actin stress fibres, and an increase in the size and number of focal adhesions. (silverchair.com)
  • a protein required for the asymmetric division of vulval blast cells. (embl.de)
  • A well-known action of nitric oxide is to stimulate the soluble form of guanylyl cyclase, thereby evoking an accumulation of cyclic GMP in target cells but several other mechanisms have been proposed, including stimulation of ADP ribosyltransferase or cyclooxygenase, and nitrosylation of protein thiol residues. (shengsci.com)
  • The resistance of cells on a biomaterial to compressive, tensile, or shear forces largely depends on the cell adhesion strength [ 8 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESc) can also be used to analyze the in vitro development from undifferentiated pluripotent cells leading to terminally differentiated cell types, recapitulating the process of early embryonic development [5] . (plos.org)
  • Under severe hypoxia, N,N-DMT robustly increased the survival of in vitro cultured human cortical neurons, monocyte-derived macrophages, và dendritic cells acting through σ-1Rs15. (baoninhsunrise.com)
  • Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide an in vitro system to identify the impact of cell behavior on the earliest stages of cell fate specification during human development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • EL treatment reduced the density and number of F-actin fibers in lung cancer cell lines, and reduced the number and size of focal adhesions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Integrins such as for example 3 are crucial for mediating the adhesion of ECs to ECM protein and offering a powerful success sign (6, 9). (lavoixdesrroms.org)
  • Cell-matrix adhesion is the best-studied form of adhesion that mediates cell migration, and is the focus of this outline. (cellmigration.org)
  • This cyclic conformation allows cyclic nucleotides to bind to proteins to which other nucleotides cannot. (pancreapedia.org)
  • They display considerable versatility in binding modes, even between members of the same class (e.g. some bind DNA, others protein), suggesting that Znf motifs are stable scaffolds that have evolved specialised functions. (embl.de)
  • Phosphorylated Tyr31/118 was found to bind to two src homology (SH)2 domains of p120RasGAP, with coprecipitation of endogenous paxillin with p120RasGAP. (silverchair.com)
  • All members contain the sequence motifs characteristic of all GTP-binding proteins, bind to GDP and GTP with high affinity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These data show that alterations in costameric organization, in part via paxillin redistribution, may be a pathogenic mechanism in dilated cardiomyopathy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human paxillin is 64.5 kDa in molecular weight and 591 amino acids in length. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although their molecular composition is very similar to that of focal adhesions, their spatial distribution is radial, forming dot-like structures similar to 'suction cups' [14] . (cellmigration.org)
  • To discover the molecular programs controlling microglial and macrophage polarization by blood proteins, we developed an unbiased blood-innate immunity multiomic and genetic loss-of-function pipeline consisting of deep sequencing of blood-induced transcriptomes, functional single-cell and oxidative stress transcriptomics, global phosphoproteomics and integration with innate immune signatures from AD and MS models (Extended Data Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
  • A comparison of gen expression programs of human fetal neocortex & in vitro cortical development by single-cell RNA sequencing found remarkable similarities24. (baoninhsunrise.com)
  • The N-terminal region of paxillin has five highly conserved leucine-rich sequences termed LD motifs, which mediate several interactions, including that with pp125FAK and vinculin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The LD motifs are predicted to form amphipathic alpha helices, with each leucine residue positioned on one face of the alpha helix to form a hydrophobic protein-binding interface. (wikipedia.org)
  • This FAT-CD4 complex is structurally and thermodynamically similar to the one FAT forms with paxillin LD motifs. (edu.sa)
  • Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl.de)
  • In a mouse model of tropomodulin overexpression, paxillin distribution was revamped coordinate with increased phosphorylation and cleavage of paxillin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lactate export, glycolysis rate, and CD147 protein abundance were also inhibited by HSPA12A overexpression but promoted by HSPA12A knockdown. (thno.org)
  • Similarly, paxillin was shown to have altered localization in cardiomyocytes from transgenic mice expressing a constitutively-active rac1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vertebrate protein kinases LIMK-1 and LIMK-2. (embl.de)
  • Rho GTPase effectors are a large group of proteins and include actin nucleation promoting molecules, adaptors, as well as kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The structural reorganization of paxillin in cardiomyocytes has also been detected in mouse models of dilated cardiomyopathy. (wikipedia.org)
  • A structural feature that distinguishes the Rho proteins from other small GTPases is the so-called Rho insert domain located between a β strand and an α helix within the small GTPase domain [ 1 - 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Typically Rho proteins are 190-250 residues long and consist only of the GTPase domain and short terminal C-terminal extensions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additional studies have shown that paxillin itself is phosphorylated, and this participates in hypertrophic signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rhombotin 1 (RBTN1 or TTG-1) and rhombotin-2 (RBTN2 or TTG-2) are proteins of about 160 amino acids whose genes are disrupted by chromosomal translocations in T-cell leukemia. (embl.de)
  • Mammalian and avian cysteine-rich protein (CRP), a 192 amino-acid protein of unknown function. (embl.de)
  • EDNs are synthesised as large precursor proteins that are post-translationally cleaved to the biologically active 21-amino acid form [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within their GTPase domains, they share approximately 30% amino acid identity with the Ras proteins and 40-95% identity within the family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Silencing of NTRAS induces endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro and increases vascular permeability and lethality in mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • In turn, GTP-bound active GTPases can interact with a plethora of different effectors which mediate the different cellular functions of this family of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lipid-specific oligomerization of the Marburg virus matrix protein VP40 is regulated by two distinct interfaces for virion assembly. (uci.edu)
  • Blood protein extravasation through a disrupted blood-brain barrier and innate immune activation are hallmarks of neurological diseases and emerging therapeutic targets. (nature.com)
  • MIPβ1KO islets displayed a significant increase in protein levels of the apoptotic marker cleaved-Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and a reduction of the cell cycle marker cyclin D1. (oncotarget.com)
  • Mirror-polished surface of ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite enhancement in the adhesion strength of human gingival fibroblasts. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Western blot assessment confirmed that myc tagged human SOD1 proteins were induced by doxycycline in these cell lines. (hormonespathway.com)