• Clonal conditions associated with the presence of RSs include myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and MDS/MPN overlap syndromes. (medscape.com)
  • 5 Hematopoietic disruptions in the myeloid lineage can lead to 3 major disease categories: acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). (oncomine.com)
  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal cells that build up in the bone marrow and blood and interfere with normal blood cell production. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1,2 The 4 primary disorders of MPNs are chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). (oncomine.com)
  • 12,13 They also have a high propensity to progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (oncomine.com)
  • Characterized by excessive, abnormal white blood cell (granulocyte) production and the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome/BCR-ABL mutation, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a slow-growing cancer of the blood-forming tissue (bone marrow). (oncomine.com)
  • The underlying mechanism involves replacement of normal bone marrow with leukemia cells, which results in a drop in red blood cells, platelets, and normal white blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Flow cytometry of the bone marrow revealed that the blast cells expressed B lymphoid lineage associated antigens (Figure 1 ) and hence the patient was diagnosed with pre-B ALL. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • Two months later the bone marrow aspirate indicated refractory disease with 30-50% blasts and a reduced number of mature myeloid cells and abnormal monocytoid cells. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • [ 12 ] is a juvenile multisystem disorder caused by deletions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and manifested as severe, refractory sideroblastic anemia, neutropenia, vacuolated cells in bone-marrow precursors, exocrine pancreas insufficiency, malabsorption, and growth failure. (medscape.com)
  • Congenital sideroblastic anemias generally involve lower hemoglobin levels, more microcytosis, and higher serum iron levels compared with myelodysplastic syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Addressing the CDKN2A/2B deletions' additive prognostic effect in current risk-stratification algorithms, we present a retrospective study of a Greek pediatric ALL cohort comprising 247 patients studied over a 24-year period (2000-2023). (bvsalud.org)
  • Herein, we provide insight regarding the correlation with disease features, MRD clearance, and independent prognostic significance for this ALL cohort treated with contemporary BFM-based treatment protocols. (bvsalud.org)
  • In multivariate analysis, the presence of the CDKN2A/2B deletions was the most important prognostic factor for relapse and overall survival, yielding a hazard ratio of 5.2 (95% confidence interval: 2.59-10.41, p (bvsalud.org)
  • Lymph node swelling is rare in most types of AML, except for acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML). (wikipedia.org)
  • The peripheral monocytosis leads us to believe that this patient may have transformed via a juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) which subsequently transformed into a refractory AML. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • Daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone for relapsed POEMS syndrome with bone plasmacytoma harboring 17p deletion. (u-tokyo-hemat.com)
  • The patient commenced induction with regimen A of the UKALL2011 trial which includes treatment with vincristine, pegaspargase and dexamethasone. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • Risk factors include smoking, previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy, myelodysplastic syndrome, and exposure to the chemical benzene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first-line treatment of AML is usually chemotherapy, with the aim of inducing remission. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prompt Initiation of Conventional Chemotherapy to Avoid Early Death in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. (u-tokyo-hemat.com)
  • The patient was given salvage chemotherapy in the form of FLA-Ida with the plan to reassess at count recovery aiming for stem cell transplant. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • Although the incidence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia is increased in PV, the incidence of acute leukemia in patients not exposed to chemotherapy or radiation therapy is low. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Interestingly, chemotherapy, including hydroxyurea, has been associated with acute leukemia in JAK2 V617F-negative stem cells in some PV patients. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • AML has several subtypes for which treatments and outcomes may vary. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3 Results can be available within hours or days, depending on the platform.3 With its demonstrated clinical utility in myeloid malignancies, NGS is transforming the testing paradigm and enabling better outcomes for patients. (oncomine.com)
  • The results of our study demonstrate that the presence of the CDKN2A/2B deletions can further stratify all existing risk groups, identifying patient subgroups with different outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Patients with massive splenomegaly are particularly prone to thrombotic events because the associated increase in plasma volume masks the true extent of the red cell mass elevation measured by the hematocrit or hemoglobin level. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • A "normal" hematocrit or hemoglobin level in a PV patient with massive splenomegaly should be considered indicative of an elevated red cell mass until proven otherwise. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • People treated with ionizing radiation after treatment for prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer have the highest chance of acquiring AML, but this increased risk returns to the background risk observed in the general population after 12 years. (wikipedia.org)
  • On examination the patient had smooth hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy in the supraclavicular, infraclavicular, axillary and inguinal regions. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • In approximately 15% of patients, however, myelofibrosis is accompanied by significant extramedullary hematopoiesis, hepatosplenomegaly, and transfusion-dependent anemia, which are manifestations of stem cell failure. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • 1,3 Associated delays in obtaining results can postpone diagnosis and treatment, negatively impact disease management, and be stressful for patients. (oncomine.com)
  • Following diagnosis and treatment as pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (pre-B ALL) the patient developed an acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) which was refractory to all available curative therapies. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • Of course, in patients with associated acid-peptic disease, occult gastrointestinal bleeding may lead to a presentation with hypochromic, microcytic anemia, masking the presence of PV. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Flow cytometry results at presentation, post induction, maintenance and first relapse. (cambridgemedicine.org)
  • 1. Arsenic trioxide: its role in acute promyelocytic leukemia and potential in other hematologic malignancies. (nih.gov)
  • 3. Arsenic derivatives in hematologic malignancies: a role beyond acute promyelocytic leukemia? (nih.gov)
  • 9. Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and other hematologic malignancies with arsenic trioxide: review of clinical and basic studies. (nih.gov)
  • Immunotherapy is a novel treatment offering an alternative to traditional chemotherapeutic agents for different malignancies. (amjcaserep.com)
  • Several factors have been implicated in the causation of AML, including antecedent hematologic disorders, familial syndromes, environmental exposures, and drug exposures. (medscape.com)
  • The most common risk factor for AML is the presence of an antecedent hematologic disorder, the most common of which is myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). (medscape.com)
  • Other antecedent hematologic disorders that predispose patients to AML include aplastic anemia and myeloproliferative disorders, especially myelofibrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare hematologic complication of ICI therapy in metastatic melanoma with significant mortality risk despite treatment with steroids or immunosuppressive therapy. (amjcaserep.com)
  • Provides a list of recurrent somatic mutations and associated pathways in small B-cell lymphoma/leukemia. (paramedicalinfo.com)
  • Patients with AML present with symptoms resulting from bone marrow failure, symptoms resulting from organ infiltration with leukemic cells, or both. (medscape.com)
  • MDS is a bone marrow disease of unknown etiology that occurs most often in older patients and manifests as progressive cytopenias that occur over months to years. (medscape.com)
  • The underlying mechanism involves replacement of normal bone marrow with leukemia cells, which results in a drop in red blood cells, platelets, and normal white blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • For unexplained acute anemia after exclusion of other causes, performing bone marrow biopsy is imperative to diagnose PRCA and rule out involvement of bone marrow by primary tumor. (amjcaserep.com)
  • Two cases of ICI-induced PRCA were confirmed on bone marrow biopsy after dual ICI treatment with nivolumab and ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma. (amjcaserep.com)
  • Detection of MYD88 L265P in the peripheral blood of patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma or IgM MGUS has also been shown to be useful in determining disease burden in the bone marrow and may obviate the need for bone marrow aspiration or biopsy-based monitoring in the future. (paramedicalinfo.com)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is defined as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma involving bone marrow associated with an IgM monoclonal paraprotein of any concentration and is found in the majority of patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. (paramedicalinfo.com)
  • 18. Arsenic in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient receiving arsenic trioxide for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia with CNS involvement. (nih.gov)
  • One area which has particular importance for treatment is whether there is involvement of the meninges around the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Consequently, all patients should be evaluated for entry into well-designed clinical trials. (medscape.com)
  • If a clinical trial is not available, the patient can be treated with standard therapy. (medscape.com)
  • 4. Clinical usefulness of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. (nih.gov)
  • 8. [Pharmacological and clinical properties of arsenic trioxide (Trisenox) for relapse or refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia therapy]. (nih.gov)
  • PMID- 3504191 TI - [Clinical overview of the present state of treatment of cardiac insufficiency using vasodilating agents]. (nih.gov)
  • 14. Evidence for basophilic differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia cells during arsenic trioxide therapy. (nih.gov)
  • 15. Successful pregnancy after arsenic trioxide therapy for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukaemia. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Advances in management of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide. (nih.gov)
  • 7. Arsenic trioxide in the management of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. (nih.gov)
  • 12. Acute promyelocytic leukemia: new issues on pathogenesis and treatment response. (nih.gov)
  • ICI rechallenge, even after the development of HARs, is considered in some patients with good response to treatment of HARs from ICIs. (amjcaserep.com)
  • However, most patients who present with de novo AML have no identifiable risk factor. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with low-risk MDS (eg, MDS with ringed sideroblasts) generally do not develop AML, whereas patients with high-risk MDS (eg, MDS with excess blasts) frequently do. (medscape.com)
  • People treated with ionizing radiation after treatment for prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer have the highest chance of acquiring AML, but this increased risk returns to the background risk observed in the general population after 12 years. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lymph node swelling is rare in most types of AML, except for acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML). (wikipedia.org)
  • PMID- 3504193 TI - [Pharmacologic aspects of therapeutic advances in the treatment of cardiac insufficiency using vasodilating agents]. (nih.gov)