Patients with pneumonia. Medical search. Frequent questions

A pneumonia diagnosis was obtained within 48 hours of hospitalization to ensure that all cases were considered community-acquired pneumonia. (umn.edu)
Pneumonia in immunocompromised patients is often caused by unusual pathogens but may also be caused by the same pathogens that cause community-acquired pneumonia. (msdmanuals.com)
Etiology Community-acquired pneumonia is defined as pneumonia that is acquired outside the hospital. (msdmanuals.com)
Pneumococcal infections are globally the most frequent vaccine-preventable cause of death [ 1 ], and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main burden of pneumococcal disease in the elderly [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
While a new study examining the best treatment setting for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) will probably not change your day-to-day practice, it highlights some interesting opportunities for hospitalists to take the lead on streamlining throughput for a potentially large group of inpatients. (todayshospitalist.com)
TAIPEI , Nov. 21, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Senhwa Biosciences, Inc. (TPEx: 6492), a drug development company focusing on first-in-class therapeutics for oncology, rare diseases, and infectious diseases, announced today that U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved its Phase II IND application of Silmitasertib(CX-4945) to treat patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by viral infection. (news10.com)
Objective To investigate the accuracy of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) to predict mortality and adverse clinical outcomes for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) compared to standard risk scores such as the pneumonia severity index (PSI) and CURB-65. (bmj.com)
This is the first large-scale study with a long-term follow-up investigating the association of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and adverse outcome in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. (bmj.com)
Numerous observational studies have found an association between acetylsalicylic acid use and improved prognosis in adult community-acquired pneumonia. (springer.com)
Human adenovirus (Adv) infection is responsible for most community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children, which results in significant morbidity and mortality in children every year. (hindawi.com)
Human adenovirus (Adv) infection is responsible for most community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
There are three main types of pneumonia: community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), and pneumococcal pneumonia. (churchreaders.com)
It is thus distinguished from community-acquired pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
Historically, the etiology and prognosis of nursing home pneumonia appeared to differ from other types of community acquired pneumonia, with studies reporting a worse prognosis and higher incidence of multi drug resistant organisms as etiology agents. (wikipedia.org)
Objectives This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and its impact on hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality. (bmj.com)
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk for hospitalisation of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. (bmj.com)
Episodes of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus require a longer hospital stay. (bmj.com)
Diabetes mellitus impacts on mortality of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. (bmj.com)

3. Identify risk factors for mortality in Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. (cdc.gov)
Based on the changing disease pattern of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated pulmonary complications we conducted a prospective study in order to compare the value of laboratory tests in patients with Pneumocystis (P.) carinii pneumonia (PCP) and other pulmonary complications and of different identification methods of P. carinii in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in PCP patients. (unboundmedicine.com)
Armbruster C, Hassl A, Kriwanek S. [Diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients]. (unboundmedicine.com)
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is a serious and frequent infection in immunocompromised patients, whose evolution is potentially fatal if untreated. (centerwatch.com)
Data from the french Institute for Health Watch showed in 2011 that 31% of 1400 cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome were revealed by Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. (centerwatch.com)
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia also increasingly concerns immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus negative patients, due to the increasing use of immunosuppressive therapies (including corticosteroids), of anticancer cytostatics and biotherapies, in the context of grafts, transplants, but also from autoimmune or inflammatory chronic diseases. (centerwatch.com)
The severity of the Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is increased in patients with human immunodeficiency virus -, in whom the evolution is faster, with mechanical ventilation often required and higher mortality, requiring a fast and early diagnosis. (centerwatch.com)
However, the deoxyribonucleic acid of the fungus can sometimes be detected in the absence of scalable Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, and then shows a pulmonary colonization by Pneumocystis jirovecii. (centerwatch.com)
It is therefore important to improve the positive predictive value of Pneumocystis Polymerase Chain Reaction, to guide the management of optimal patient. (centerwatch.com)
The investigators will develop a quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction to identify a fungal load threshold number of copies / mL for diagnosing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia with better positive predictive value. (centerwatch.com)
Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Pneumocystis jirovecii is a common cause of pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients, especially in those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in those receiving systemic. (msdmanuals.com)
Because pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) can occur in patients receiving temozolomide, the product monograph recommends PCP prophylaxis during temozolomide chemoradiotherapy. (ices.on.ca)
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), formerly known as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), is the most common opportunistic infection in persons with HIV infection . (medscape.com)
Pneumocystis first came to attention as a cause of interstitial pneumonia in severely malnourished and premature infants during World War II in Central and Eastern Europe. (medscape.com)
Human evidence of this is provided by molecular analysis of Pneumocystis isolates obtained from groups of patients involved in hospital outbreaks. (medscape.com)
hominis ) is an opportunistic fungus that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
To investigate the clinical importance of a positive Pneumocystis -PCR among HIV-uninfected patients suspected of bacterial pneumonia, a retrospective matched case-control study was conducted. (biomedcentral.com)
Respiratory samples from 367 patients suspected of bacterial pneumonia were analysed by PCR amplification of Pneumocystis jiroveci . (biomedcentral.com)
Pneumocystis-DNA was detected in 16 (4.4%) of patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Detection of Pneumocystis-DNA was associated with a worse prognosis: seven (44%) of patients with positive PCR died within one month compared to nine (14%) of the controls (p = 0.01). (biomedcentral.com)
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common and serious opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients that is caused by the fungal pathogen Pneumocystis jiroveci , formerly known as P. carinii f.sp. (biomedcentral.com)
This report represents the recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service Task Force on prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia for adults and adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus. (cdc.gov)

The mean values of platelets, of LDH, and of total serum protein of PCP patients and those of patients with other pulmonary diseases differed statistically significant as well as the mean values of these parameters of PCP patients and those of patients with bacterial pneumonia. (unboundmedicine.com)
The CD4/CD8 ratio of PCP patients was statistically significant lower than that of patients with bacterial pneumonia. (unboundmedicine.com)
Bacterial pneumonia is a major cause of mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. (mdpi.com)
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical significance and prevalence of a PCR positive signal in a broad spectrum of clinical samples from HIV-negative patients with suspected bacterial pneumonia by means of an age and sex matched nested case-control study. (biomedcentral.com)
The remaining 106 respiratory samples represented all specimens submitted for investigation of bacterial pneumonia during a one-week period in August 1999, at the Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev University Hospital. (biomedcentral.com)
Background: Pneumonia is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, mostly caused by different species of bacterial pathogens. (alliedacademies.org)
This study was aimed to assess the type of bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among pneumonia suspected patients at Dessie Referral Hospital, Amhara region, Dessie, Northeast Ethiopia. (alliedacademies.org)
Conclusions: This study found high prevalence of bacterial pneumonia in the study area and high rate of bacterial resistance was observed in Ampicillin, penicillin and amoxicillin -clavunalate. (alliedacademies.org)
Therefore, expanding routine bacterial culture and identification with antimicrobial susceptibility testing and strengthening regular surveillance systems are essential for appropriate patient care. (alliedacademies.org)
Risk factors for bacterial pneumonia are similar to the risk factors for sepsis. (hse.ie)
In people infected with HIV, bacterial pneumonia is one of the commonest and most serious infections occurring. (medindia.net)
An investigation by CDC at one patient's worksite in Louisiana (patient F) identified a bacterial isolate in a soil sample that genetically matched a clinical isolate from the patient. (cdc.gov)
Nursing home-acquired pneumonia is usually bacterial in origin, although the specific microbiologic cause is often not identified. (aafp.org)
Influenza predisposes patients to a secondary bacterial pneumonia. (aafp.org)

Though overall patient survival has increased, pneumonia is both the most common invasive infection in immunocompromised patients and continues to carry a high mortality and morbidity rate. (medscape.com)
There were no significant differences between groups in mortality rate or time of onset of nosocomial pneumonia. (who.int)
Therefore we retrospectively assessed morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia after discharge in 573 consecutive patients admitted to hospital for pneumonia, gastrointestinal infection, renal infection, or erysipelas. (nih.gov)
Even physicians who use the PSI to predict pneumonia patients' risk of mortality acknowledge that it can be unwieldy. (todayshospitalist.com)
But because the PSI is just as unpopular among ER physicians as it is among hospitalists, no one is doing a good job of calculating the mortality risk of CAP patients. (todayshospitalist.com)
In older patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, we aimed to investigate the association between aspirin use before admission and the risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality. (springer.com)
To determine primary endogenous pneumonia effect on severe burn patient mortality and to establish the associated factors with primary endogenous pneumonia. (biomedcentral.com)
The variables potentially related to mortality were age, sex, total body surface burn area, full-thickness burn area, inhalation injury, primary endogenous pneumonia, bloodstream infection, burn wound infection and urinary tract infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Mortality was 29% (nine patients). (biomedcentral.com)
0.05) with mortality were primary endogenous pneumonia and full-thickness burn area. (biomedcentral.com)
At present we are continuing the study to know the factors associated with morbidity and mortality in severe burn patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Primary endogenous pneumonia in severe burn patients may he associated with mortality, but is necessary collecting more cases to show it. (biomedcentral.com)
Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in nursing home residents, with 30-day mortality rates ranging from 10 to 30 percent. (aafp.org)
Pneumonia is the second most common cause of infection in nursing home residents, and is associated with notable morbidity and mortality. (aafp.org)
It is possible to reduce the mortality impact from childhood pneumonia if caregivers recognise the danger signs of pneumonia and obtain appropriate healthcare. (bmj.com)
In-hospital mortality was also significantly higher in patients with CAP who have DM (15.2%) versus those who have DM (13.5%) (p=0.002). (bmj.com)
Since patients with CAP who have DM have longer hospitalization time and higher mortality rates, these results hold informative value for patient guidance and healthcare strategies. (bmj.com)
To determine whether HIV exposure without infection is an independent risk factor for mortality and morbidity in children admitted to PICU with pneumonia. (who.int)
9,14,15] However, the effect of HIV exposure of age annual y.[1-4] However, the mortality rate from pneumonia on pneumonia morbidity and mortality risk is less well known. (who.int)
in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is substantial y They are nevertheless considered a vulnerable population and greater than in high-income countries,[5] with sub-Saharan Africa appear to have an increased morbidity and mortality rate from accounting for almost 50% of global pneumonia deaths. (who.int)
6,8] factor for mortality and morbidity in children with pneumonia. (who.int)

A case-control study was performed with cases defined as patients with a first recorded diagnosis of pneumonia. (bmj.com)
M.F. was admitted to the hospital with a primary diagnosis of pneumonia and a secondary diagnosis of chronic renal failure. (ukessays.com)
We hope that through earlier, and perhaps more accurate, diagnosis of pneumonia patients, along with alerting and guiding physicians to use the treatment guidance tool, patient outcomes will be improved," he said. (medindia.net)

Ventilator-associated pneumonia, a leading cause of sepsis in patients with acute respiratory failure, is difficult to distinguish clinically from other processes affecting patients receiving mechanical ventilation. (nih.gov)
We conducted a prospective study of patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia to identify the causes of fever and densities on chest radiographs and to evaluate the diagnostic yield and efficiency of tests used alone and in combination. (nih.gov)
Ventilator-associated pneumonia occurred in only 42 percent. (nih.gov)
Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. (bvsalud.org)
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia developing in people who have received mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours. (bvsalud.org)
To assess the effects of oral hygiene care on incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in hospital intensive care units (ICUs). (bvsalud.org)
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a sub-type of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) which occurs in people who are receiving mechanical ventilation. (wikipedia.org)
A positive culture after intubation is indicative of ventilator-associated pneumonia and is diagnosed as such. (wikipedia.org)

In the study , researchers looked at outcomes among 156,107 patients treated for pneumonia in Veterans Affairs Hospitals from January 2009 through August 2022. (umn.edu)
This needs a holistic, mainly internistic approach, to be able to manage the complexity of treatments that these patients require in order to obtain favorable prognostic outcomes. (researchsquare.com)
28 , 29 Early diagnosis and treatment are key to improving outcomes for patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis. (cdc.gov)
This trial is unique because rather than examining surrogate outcomes for pneumonia, the authors examined clinically suspected and microbiologically confirmed cases of nosocomial pneumonia. (bmj.com)
According to the researchers, the automated systems used in clinical microbiology laboratories can misclassify certain bacteria as being susceptible to carbapenems, potentially leading to inappropriate treatment and unfavorable patient outcomes. (rtmagazine.com)
Impact of obesity on outcomes for patients hospitalised with pneumonia. (uams.edu)
The primary efficacy variables were clinical and microbiologic outcomes in evaluable patients at the follow-up visit 15 to 21 days after the end of therapy. (northwestern.edu)
However, little is known about PICU outcomes in HIV-exposed uninfected (HIV-EU) children with pneumonia, despite the growing size of this vulnerable population. (who.int)

Current clinical guidelines recommend azithromycin, as it can treat all types of pneumonia, including Legionella pneumonia. (umn.edu)
If clinical suspicion of pneumonia is high and the chest x-ray shows no or minor abnormalities, a chest CT scan should be done. (msdmanuals.com)
The urinary LTE 4 and EDN concentrations of EP patients during acute exacerbation were significantly higher than those of asthmatic patients and healthy subjects, and decreased immediately during clinical remission. (ersjournals.com)
Fluticasone was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in COPD patients, consistent with earlier clinical trials, but the risk with budesonide was much lower. (the-hospitalist.org)
Detection results of respiratory specimens by real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (rRT-PCR) during the clinical course of COVID-19 pneumonia. (ajtmh.org)
The concentrations of SARS-CoV RNA in clinical specimens are plotted by the cycle threshold value from nasopharyngeal and throat swabs ( A ) and sputum ( B ). The revolution in clinical and rRT-PCR results of the patients 1-3 ( C-E ). (ajtmh.org)
Prior to this phase II study, Silmitasertib was investigated in two investigator-initiated trials (IIT) in the United States and has showed clinical benefits by accelerating the recovery speed in patients with moderate symptoms of COVID-19. (news10.com)
Conclusions NEWS provides additional prognostic information with regard to risk of ICU admission and complications and thereby improves traditional clinical-risk scores in the management of patients with CAP in the ED setting. (bmj.com)
In addition to REMDACTA, Roche is close to completing enrolment of the global randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III clinical trial (COVACTA, NCT04320615) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous Actemra/RoActemra plus standard of care (SOC), versus placebo plus SOC in hospitalised adult patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. (worldpharmanews.com)
Method We identified all subjects with diagnosed CD within the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked with Hospital Episodes Statistics between 1stApril 1997 and 31stMarch 2011 and up to 10 controls per CD patient by frequency matching within 10-year age bands. (bmj.com)
The main objective of this observational study is to establish some clinical and laboratory parameters useful for defining the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. (researchsquare.com)
It monitors patient data, extracts relevant clinical features, calculates patient pneumonia probability and then alerts caregivers when patients are likely to have pneumonia. (medindia.net)
This article reviews the clinical management of nursing home-acquired pneumonia, with an emphasis on antimicrobial therapy. (aafp.org)
Background: The clinical efficacy and tolerability of linezolid were demonstrated in a previously published, randomized, double-blind, registration study comparing linezolid with vancomycin for the empiric treatment of 396 patients with nosocomial pneumonia. (northwestern.edu)
It is not meant to replace clinical judgment or specialist consultation but rather to strengthen clinical management of these patients and provide to up-to-date guidance. (who.int)

However, in severe cases of nursing home-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization and mechanical ventilation, the rates of infection with Staphylococcus aureus and enteric gram-negative organisms appear to exceed those of S. pneumoniae . (aafp.org)
7 One study found that recent antibiotic use and the inability to perform activities of daily living were independently associated with antibiotic-resistant nursing home-acquired pneumonia requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission or mechanical ventilation. (aafp.org)
SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of OHC (mouthrinse, swab, toothbrush or combination) in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours. (bvsalud.org)
rather, as its name implies, definition of VAP is restricted to patients undergoing mechanical ventilation while in a hospital. (wikipedia.org)

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at risk for a number of pulmonary infections. (medscape.com)
It is the most common opportunistic infections classifying patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (human immunodeficiency virus +) at the stage acquired immune deficiency syndrome. (centerwatch.com)
Using broad spectrum antibiotics to treat pneumonia is standard practice in US hospitals, but it raises the risk of patients acquiring C diff infections (CDI), which cause roughly 30,000 US deaths each year. (umn.edu)
Our analysis found that in patients with a prior history of C. diff , doxycycline was the only factor associated with a reduction in the incidence of new C. diff infections," said Kari A. Mergenhagen, PharmD, residency director for infectious diseases at the Veterans Affairs of Western New York Healthcare System and senior author of the study, in a press release from the journal's publisher. (umn.edu)
Of the 45 patients with fever, 37 had one or more infections identified (67 sources). (nih.gov)
Most infections (84 percent) were one of four types:pneumonia, sinusitis, catheter-related infection, or urinary tract infection. (nih.gov)
Concomitant infections were frequent (62 percent), particularly in patients with sinusitis (100 percent), catheter-related infections (93 percent), and pneumonia (74 percent). (nih.gov)
P jiroveci is now one of several organisms known to cause life-threatening opportunistic infections in patients with advanced HIV infection worldwide. (medscape.com)
Mycoplasma pneumonia infections occur in outbreaks approx. (hse.ie)
We recommend patients use the website developed by HSE/ICGP/IPU partnership www.undertheweather.ie for tips on how to get better from common infections without using antibiotics, what you can do for yourself or a loved one and when to seek help. (hse.ie)
32 The most commonly reported fungal infections in patients with COVID-19 include aspergillosis, invasive candidiasis, and mucormycosis (sometimes called by the misnomer "black fungus external icon . (cdc.gov)
1 - 6 Fungal infections resistant to antifungal treatment have also been described in patients with severe COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
However, aspergillosis has been increasingly reported in patients without weakened immune systems but who have severe respiratory infections caused by viruses, including influenza. (cdc.gov)
Long-term exposure to welding and metalworking fumes is associated with various forms of lung injury that can cause changes in lung function and increase susceptibility to pulmonary infections, including fatal pneumonia. (cdc.gov)
Adv causes infections for 5-10% of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children, which results in pneumonia and nearly 1.3 million deaths of children every year [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
The bacterium can cause an array of infections, including pneumonia, and bloodstream and urinary tract infections. (rtmagazine.com)
Although K. pneumoniae is naturally found in the intestinal tract and relatively harmless to health individuals, it can lead to potentially deadly infections in people with weakened immune systems, such as patients in ICUs, long-term care facilities, or nursing homes. (rtmagazine.com)
Hospital acquired pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection (after urinary tract infections) and accounts for 15-20% of the total. (wikipedia.org)
Viral pneumonia: influenza and respiratory syncytial virus and, in the immunocompromised host, cytomegalovirus - cause 10-20% of infections. (wikipedia.org)
a history of travel to or residence in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in the 14 days prior to symptom onset, or · patient is a health care worker who has been working in an environment where severe acute respiratory infections of unknown etiology are being cared for. (who.int)

Drakulovic et al have shown that in the absence of contraindications, the semirecumbent position is an affordable, feasible, and effective strategy to reduce the risk of nosocomial pneumonia in patients who are mechanically ventilated, especially when patients are receiving continuous enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube. (bmj.com)

Prevention of peptic ulcers with esomeprazole in patients at risk of ulcer development treated with low-dose acetylsalicylic acid: a randomized, controlled trial (OBERON). (janusinfo.se)

We correlated these parameters in patients with a presumptive diagnosis of PCP and compared them with those of patients suffering from other pulmonary complications. (unboundmedicine.com)
The 50 patients entered into the study underwent a systematic diagnostic protocol designed to identify all potential causes of fever and pulmonary densities. (nih.gov)
Histologically proved pulmonary fibroproliferation was the only cause of fever in 25 percent of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome. (nih.gov)
In more than 50 percent of the 25 patients without adult respiratory distress syndrome, congestive heart failure, and atelectasis were the sole causes of pulmonary densities, and fever always originated from an extrapulmonary site of infection. (nih.gov)
A total of 367 respiratory specimens, including 100 BAL, 126 tracheal aspirates and 141 sputum samples, were obtained from 367 patients suspected of pulmonary infection between November 1997 and August 1999. (biomedcentral.com)
Characteristics of pulmonary embolism in elderly patients. (ers-education.org)
The tool provides a way of more quickly and accurately identifying pneumonia patients in the emergency department, which alerts doctors to use the second part of the tool that provides guidance for treatment," said Nathan Dean, MD, section chief of pulmonary and critical care medicine at Intermountain Medical Center, professor of medicine at the University of Utah School of Medicine and lead author of the study. (medindia.net)

Influenza antiviral therapy should be administered as soon as possible to children with moderate to severe pneumonia consistent with influenza virus infection during widespread local circulation of influenza. (hse.ie)
Members of a WHO global network of clinicians, and clinicians who have treated SARS, MERS or severe influenza patients have reviewed the recommendations (see Acknowledgements). (who.int)

We observed how hypernatremia, hypocaliamia, newly diagnosed renal insufficiency and altered glycemic values were the main complications that arose during hospitalization, especially in patients staying in high-intensity units. (researchsquare.com)
Among seven persons in the United States reported to be infected with B. cereus group bacteria containing anthrax toxin genes resulting in pneumonia since 1994, five patients died and two had critical illness with prolonged hospitalization and recovery ( 2 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Anonymous data from 157 291 adult patients with CAP were extracted from the National Hospital Discharge Database and we performed a DM-conditioned analysis stratified by age, sex and year of hospitalization. (bmj.com)

Secondary outcome was microbiological nosocomial pneumonia confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage or protected specimen brush cultures. (bmj.com)
Here we report a case of pneumonia with isolation of E. rhusiopathiae from bronchoalveolar lavage and sputum. (bezmialem.edu.tr)

There are four major groups of pathogens responsible for pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. (medscape.com)
Hence, patient management needs awareness of the pathogens and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST). (alliedacademies.org)
Patients also received IV aztreonam 1 to 2 g every 8 hours, which could be discontinued if gram-negative pathogens were not identified. (northwestern.edu)
This is due to increasing evidence from a growing number of studies that many patients defined as having HCAP are not at high risk for MDR pathogens. (wikipedia.org)

Although eosinophils produce cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) in large quantities, information on the relationship between CysLTs and eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) is lacking. (ersjournals.com)
The increased urinary concentrations of leukotriene and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin were associated with acute exacerbation in eosinophilic pneumonia patients. (ersjournals.com)
The increased leukotriene concentration significantly correlated with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, suggesting that the monitoring of leukotriene concentration may aid in the management of eosinophilic pneumonia patients. (ersjournals.com)
Eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) is a diffuse infiltrative lung disease characterised by alveolar and peripheral airway eosinophilia 1 - 4 . (ersjournals.com)
We herein report the case of a 39-year-old Japanese female with eosinophilic pneumonia associated with natalizumab. (scienceopen.com)
Eosinophil levels in the BAL fluid were increased and the patient was consequently diagnosed as eosinophilic pneumonia associated with natalizumab. (scienceopen.com)

Pneumococcal vaccination after hospital treatment for an episode of pneumonia might be a cost-effective means of preventing disease in this group. (nih.gov)
As the PUAT does not allow serotype discrimination, data on serotype distribution in adult non-bacteraemic pneumococcal CAP patients are sparse [ 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
For Germany, we have described earlier the distribution of vaccine serotypes covered by the first but no longer available 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) between 2002 and 2016 in adult patients with CAP enrolled into the prospective multicentre study CAPNETZ [ 8 , 9 ]. (ersjournals.com)
In adults, the German Standing Committee on Immunization (STIKO) recommends the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) as routine pneumococcal vaccination for all adults of 60 years and above and for all patients with defined chronic comorbidities predisposing to pneumococcal disease, regardless of age. (ersjournals.com)
HAP is caused by infection with a virus, and pneumococcal pneumonia is caused by infection with the pneumococcus bacteria. (churchreaders.com)
The app helps vaccination providers quickly and easily determine which pneumococcal vaccines a patient needs and when. (constantcontact.com)

Does that pneumonia patient really need to be hospitalized? (todayshospitalist.com)
If the pneumonia is severe, the patient may need to be hospitalized. (churchreaders.com)

Polymerase Chain Reaction provides a diagnostic gain in immunocompromised patients not infected with human immunodeficiency virus that may present a pejorative table quickly despite low fungal burden. (centerwatch.com)
Sputum testing should include Gram stain, mycobacterial and fungal stains and cultures, and sometimes testing for viruses (eg, polymerase chain reaction for cytomegalovirus in a transplant patient or in a patient with AIDS). (msdmanuals.com)

Methods - We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study of glioma patients undergoing temozolomide chemoradiotherapy 2005 to 2019 in Ontario, Canada. (ices.on.ca)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), initially called novel coronavirus (CoV) 2019 is responsible for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), current pneumonia outbreak that began in early December 2019 near the Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. (researchsquare.com)
This document is intended for clinicians taking care of hospitalised adult and paediatric patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when 2019-nCoV infection is suspected. (who.int)
This document aims to provide clinicians with updated interim guidance on timely, effective, and safe supportive management of patients with 2019-nCoV and SARI, particularly those with critical illness. (who.int)
A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. (bvsalud.org)

Doctors of the National Hospital of Tropical Diseases have used ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) technology to treat a serious case of pneumonia successfully in Hanoi. (vietnamplus.vn)

This nested retrospective study examined medical files of patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia . (bvsalud.org)
Research design and methods We carried out a retrospective, nationwide register analysis of CAP in adult patients admitted to Portuguese hospitals between 2009 and 2012. (bmj.com)
7-9 In Portugal, a retrospective study with data from 2000 to 2009 reported that admissions for CAP represented 3.7% of total admissions of adult patients. (bmj.com)

PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 217 HIV-1-infected patients we evaluated the following parameters: platelets, serum lactat dehydrogenase (LDH), total serum protein (TP), hemoglobin (Hb), and CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte count. (unboundmedicine.com)
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed among pneumonia suspected patients from February to April 2020. (alliedacademies.org)
Methods: Patients with pneumonia acquired after 48 hours in an inpatient facility were randomly assigned to receive either IV linezolid 600 mg or IV vancomycin 1 g every 12 hours for 7 to 21 consecutive days. (northwestern.edu)
Methods: Litak ® was offered to MS-patients irrespective of disease course. (lu.se)

Have a high index of suspicion for pneumonia in immunocompromised patients because symptoms can be atypical or muted. (msdmanuals.com)
Chest x-ray and assessment of oxygenation (usually by pulse oximetry) are done in immunocompromised patients with respiratory symptoms, signs, or fever. (msdmanuals.com)
In addition to many children because of illness to severe pneumonia, there are many children who show a high fever, convulsions and other symptoms. (flutrackers.com)
Contact your provider if you have symptoms of CMV pneumonia. (medlineplus.gov)
Drug dechallenge produces measurable improvement in symptoms and imaging in the majority of patients, whereas corticosteroid therapy is indicated if symptoms are present or drug dechallenge is without an effect. (scienceopen.com)

OTCQX: RHHBY) announced the initiation of a global phase III, randomised, double-blind, multicentre study (REMDACTA) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Actemra/RoActemra plus the investigational antiviral remdesivir, versus placebo plus remdesivir in hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, in collaboration with Gilead Sciences, Inc. (worldpharmanews.com)
Remdesivir has been issued an Emergency Use Authorisation by the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19. (worldpharmanews.com)
REMDACTA is a two-armed global phase III, randomised, double-blind, multicentre study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Actemra/RoActemra plus remdesivir, versus placebo plus remdesivir in hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia receiving standard of care (SOC). (worldpharmanews.com)
COVACTA is a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study (COVACTA, NCT04320615) evaluating the safety and efficacy of intravenous Actemra/RoActemra added to standard of care in approximately 450 adult patients hospitalised with severe COVID-19 pneumonia compared to placebo plus standard of care. (worldpharmanews.com)
Clinicians should consider the possibility of aspergillosis in patients with severe COVID-19 who have worsening respiratory function or sepsis, even if they do not have classical risk factors for aspergillosis. (cdc.gov)

People develop pneumonia when their immune systems are unable to combat the virulence of the invading organisms. (ukessays.com)
If you develop pneumonia after being hospitalized for another illness, your doctor may also prescribe antibiotics if your condition is considered acute (new). (churchreaders.com)

QUESTION: In patients who are intubated and mechanically ventilated, is a semirecumbent body position more effective than a supine body position for reducing the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia? (bmj.com)

Design Secondary analysis of patients included in a previous randomised-controlled trial with a median follow-up of 6.1 years. (bmj.com)
Fourteen patients developed 19 pneumonias: 12 primary endogenous, six secondary endogenous and one exogenous. (biomedcentral.com)

ABSTRACT This study in the Islamic Republic of Iran aimed to determine whether metoclopramide can prevent nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit (ICU). (who.int)
Sixty mechanically ventilated ICU (intensive care unit) patients (41 patients with pneumonia and 19 patients without pneumonia) were included, and tracheal aspirates were obtained on days 1, 3, and 7. (mdpi.com)
The 44-year-old female patient left hospital yesterday morning, after 15 days of treatment in the hospital's Intensive Care Unit (ICU), said Nguyen Van Kinh, Director of the National Hospital of Tropical Diseases . (vietnamplus.vn)
Moreover, patients on aspirin had a longer hospital stay and were more frequently transferred to the intensive care unit. (springer.com)
Collection of data on surveillance samples from throat and rectum on admission and afterwards twice weekly, and primary endogenous pneumonia during the intensive care unit stay. (biomedcentral.com)
Empiric coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and double coverage of Pseudomona pneumonia should be prescribed for patients requiring intensive care unit admission. (aafp.org)
This is equivalent to a number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) of 17 (95% CI 10 to 33), which indicates that for every 17 ventilated patients in intensive care receiving OHC including chlorhexidine , one outcome of VAP would be prevented. (bvsalud.org)
For patients in the intensive care unit who were mechanically ventilated, a semirecumbent body position was associated with a lower rate of nosocomial pneumonia than a supine position. (bmj.com)
Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of under-5 death in South Africa and accounts for a substantial burden of paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions. (who.int)
This study describes the population of children admitted to the of pneumonia, which increases the demands on scarce paediatric PICU at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) intensive care unit (PICU) services in the region. (who.int)

Endotracheal intubation was a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia (odds ratio 7.70). (who.int)
Although elderly patients who are admitted to hospital for any disease have a higher risk of pneumonia subsequently, whether those treated in hospital for pneumonia are at even greater risk is unknown. (nih.gov)
In cases where Legionella pneumonia can be ruled out prior to treatment, patients at increased risk of C. diff may benefit from the use of doxycycline as a first-line agent. (umn.edu)
Because of an increased risk of pneumonia in patients with diabetes, we assessed the effects of statin use on the occurrence of pneumonia in adult diabetic patients. (bmj.com)
After adjusting for potential confounders, treatment with statins was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of pneumonia (adjusted OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.69). (bmj.com)
The use of statins is associated with a considerable reduction in the risk of pneumonia in diabetic patients. (bmj.com)
Does the risk of pneumonia vary for different inhaled agents? (the-hospitalist.org)
Suissa S, Patenaude V, Lapi F, Ernst P. Inhaled corticosteroids in COPD and the risk of serious pneumonia. (the-hospitalist.org)
The study, which appeared in the Feb. 1, 2005, Annals of Internal Medicine, offers perhaps the most solid evidence to date that low-risk CAP patients can be safely and effectively treated outside the hospital. (todayshospitalist.com)
The article builds on years of research pointing out that there is little benefit to treating a number of low-risk CAP patients in the hospital. (todayshospitalist.com)
Its complexity makes it difficult to remember, and like all risk stratification tools, it doesn't offer the final verdict on many patients, particularly complex individuals with multiple co-morbidities. (todayshospitalist.com)
As a result, experts say, a significant number of low-risk CAP patients who could be safely and effectively treated at home are instead being hospitalized. (todayshospitalist.com)
One Boston teaching hospital found in a chart review that up to half of its patients admitted with CAP fell into a low-risk category. (todayshospitalist.com)
While no one knows exactly how many low-risk pneumonia patients who could be treated at home are being admitted, many believe the issue will hit the radar screens of hospitals that are desperately looking for ways to free up beds. (todayshospitalist.com)
Scott Flanders, MD, an authority on CAP who is associate professor of medicine at the University of Michigan and director of the University of Michigan's hospitalist program, says a recent review of admission data at his facility found that a significant number of low-risk CAP patients are admitted to the hospital. (todayshospitalist.com)
Dr. Flanders notes that the University of Michigan is exploring the idea of creating an observation unit to identify low-risk patients who may not need to be admitted. (todayshospitalist.com)
While a number of hospitals are reportedly looking into observation units as a way to care for low-risk patients who won't benefit from a hospital stay, there are questions about whether low-risk CAP patients are a good match. (todayshospitalist.com)
Alpesh Amin, MD, an expert in CAP and executive director of the hospitalist program at the University of California, Irvine, says that in his experience, short-stay units may help treat some of the low-risk pneumonia patients cited in the Annals study. (todayshospitalist.com)
Introduction Our aim was to quantify the risk of community-acquired infective pneumonia (CAP) among patients with coeliac disease (CD), vaccinated and unvaccinated against pneumococcus, compared to the general population. (bmj.com)
We found an increased risk of pneumonia among the unvaccinated CD patients compared to unvaccinated controls (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.02-1.60), but not in vaccinated CD patients compared to vaccinated controls (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.70-1.10). (bmj.com)
To our knowledge, it has not yet been established whether long-term aspirin use is associated with improved prognosis in an older comorbid population at very high CV risk hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. (springer.com)
[ 2 ] Treatment of PJP may be initiated before the workup is complete in severely ill high-risk patients. (medscape.com)
The risk of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis may be decreased by encouraging vaccination against COVID-19, prescribing steroids for COVID-19 treatment based on guidelines external icon , and controlling the blood sugar of patients with diabetes who have COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
Clinicians should consider the possibility of mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19 even when patients lack classic risk factors for this disease. (cdc.gov)
Several actions can decrease risk for lung injury or infection, including anthrax pneumonia caused by B. cereus group bacteria, among welders and other metalworkers. (cdc.gov)
Oral hygiene care (OHC), using either a mouthrinse, gel, toothbrush, or combination, together with aspiration of secretions , may reduce the risk of VAP in these patients . (bvsalud.org)
Supine body position as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients: a randomised trial. (bmj.com)
Use of acid-suppresive drugs and risk of pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (janusinfo.se)
Acid-suppressive medication use and the risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia. (janusinfo.se)
Proton pump inhibitor use and risk of adverse cardiovascular events in aspirin treated patients with first time myocardial infarction: nationwide propensity score matched study. (janusinfo.se)

According to the authors, less than 1% of patients developed CDIs within 30 days of treatment, but among patients who had experienced a CDI in the year before their pneumonia diagnosis, 12% developed a new CDI. (umn.edu)
Recent prognostic studies have shown that previous treatment with statins is associated with a better outcome in patients admitted to hospital with pneumonia. (bmj.com)
Patients were classified as current users when the index date was between the start and end date of statin treatment. (bmj.com)
Conditional multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the strength of the association between statin treatment and the occurrence of pneumonia. (bmj.com)
A prospective study of nearly 14,000 patients who received an implantable cardiac device suggests that SGLT2-inhibitor treatment cuts atrial arrhythmias. (the-hospitalist.org)
After eight days of treatment the patient could breath by herself, without a breathing machine, Dr Phu said. (vietnamplus.vn)
Actemra/RoActemra was the first approved anti-IL-6 receptor biologic available in both intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) formulations for the treatment of adult patients with moderate-to-severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (worldpharmanews.com)
Of the 1047 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and median age 86 years, 301 (28.7%) were taking aspirin treatment before admission. (springer.com)
While officially classified as a fungal pneumonia , PJP does not respond to antifungal treatment. (medscape.com)
Further studies of P. jiroveci in patients receiving systemic treatment with corticosteroids are warranted. (biomedcentral.com)
It also is being evaluated to learn how it impacts physician treatment protocols and patient recovery. (medindia.net)
Antibiotic therapy for nursing home-acquired pneumonia should target a broad range of organisms, and drug-resistant microbes should be considered when making treatment decisions. (aafp.org)
Treatment of hospitalized patients with nursing home-acquired pneumonia requires broad-spectrum antibiotics with coverage of many gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus . (aafp.org)
Nonhospitalized nursing home patients requiring treatment for pneumonia should be treated with an antipneumococcal fluoroquinolone, or either a high-dose beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor or a second- or third-generation cephalosporin, in combination with azithromycin (Zithromax). (aafp.org)
This study aims to reveal fathers' roles and perspectives with respect to the selection of care and treatment for children with pneumonia in a remote island of the Philippines. (bmj.com)
We employed the framework of the theory of planned behaviour to discuss what factors influenced fathers' intention in selecting care and treatment for their children with pneumonia. (bmj.com)
Results: In all, 208 patients received at least one course of treatment. (lu.se)

p less than 0.001), and this group also had more deaths due to pneumonia (p = 0.06). (nih.gov)
Ultimately, we hope the tool helps reduce the number of deaths caused by pneumonia. (medindia.net)
Most child deaths due to pneumonia could be avoided if effective interventions were implemented on a broad scale and reached the most vulnerable populations. (who.int)
Pneumonia accounts for 16% of all deaths in children under 5 years parts of southern Africa. (who.int)

Pneumonia in immunocompromised is often complicated by superinfection, drug toxicity, empyema , sepsis, pneumothorax , and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) . (medscape.com)
the latter includes severe pneumonia, ARDS, sepsis and septic shock. (who.int)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is a viral infection of the lungs that can occur in people who have a suppressed immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
Nursing home-acquired pneumonia can also be caused by viral infection ( Table 1 5 - 12 ). (aafp.org)

Pneumonia is most common in people over 65 years old, but it can also occur in young children or people with weakened immune systems. (churchreaders.com)

Results - There were 3225 patients included in the cohort (648 received antibiotics and 2434 did not). (ices.on.ca)
The best thing about the tool is that it's easy to use and reminds you to order the appropriate tests and proper antibiotics for the patient. (medindia.net)
Appropriate dosing of antibiotics for nursing home-acquired pneumonia is important to optimize effectiveness and avoid adverse effects. (aafp.org)
Pneumonia can be deadly if not treated quickly with antibiotics. (churchreaders.com)
If you are diagnosed with pneumonia, your doctor will likely prescribe antibiotics to treat the infection. (churchreaders.com)
These interventions include oral rehydration therapy and zinc for diarrhoea, and case management with antibiotics for pneumonia. (who.int)

Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is an inflammation of the lung parenchyma that develops 48-72 hours after admission to hospital due to infectious agents not incubating at the time of admission [1]. (who.int)
The urinary LTE 4 concentration significantly correlated with the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide in EP patients during acute exacerbation. (ersjournals.com)
A patient with relapsed refractory acute myeloid leukaemia developed typical fungal lung lesions despite intravenous amphotericin B prophylaxis. (bmj.com)
An ever-increasing number of drugs can reproduce variegated patterns of naturally occurring interstitial lung disease (ILD), including most forms of interstitial pneumonias, alveolar involvement and, rarely, vasculitis. (scienceopen.com)
Although miRNAs have been examined in Adv type 3-infected human laryngeal epithelial cells and Adv type 2-infected human lung fibroblast cells [ 19 , 20 ], there is no research about small RNA profiling in whole blood of Adv-infected pneumonia children. (hindawi.com)
Pneumonia is a serious lung infection caused by several different types of bacteria. (churchreaders.com)

Pneumonia in the immunocompromised host is a complex infection and inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, complicated by widespread multi-drug antibiotic resistance, and aided by medical advances such as improvements in diagnostic measures and immunosuppressive agents. (medscape.com)
Overview of Pneumonia Pneumonia is acute inflammation of the lungs caused by infection. (msdmanuals.com)

In 2020, CDC confirmed two cases of pneumonia (one fatal) in welders caused by rare Bacillus cereus group bacteria containing anthrax toxin genes typically associated with Bacillus anthracis . (cdc.gov)

Most hospitalists are already aware of the prognostic tool used in the study, the pneumonia severity index (PSI), also known as the PORT or Fine score. (todayshospitalist.com)

Noninfectious causes of fever were more common in the 22 patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome. (nih.gov)

The urinary LTE 4 concentration was associated with the urinary EDN concentration of EP patients during acute exacerbation. (ersjournals.com)

Bacteria, viruses or fungi can cause pneumonia. (ukessays.com)
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. (churchreaders.com)
Pneumonia is a respiratory infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. (churchreaders.com)

Clinically suspected nosocomial pneumonia. (bmj.com)
The study was stopped early when analysis showed that the semirecumbent position was superior for reductions in clinically suspected pneumonia. (bmj.com)

1 , 31 Some patients can have COVID-19 and a fungal infection at the same time. (cdc.gov)
16 Testing for CAPA usually involves obtaining specimens from patients' lower respiratory tract, which are tested for Aspergillus galactomannan antigen and fungal culture. (cdc.gov)

Early in-hospital initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors "should be considered the new standard of care" in most patients with heart failure regardless of their ejection fraction, says an expert observer. (the-hospitalist.org)
Tigecycline population pharmacokinetics in patients with community- or hospital-acquired pneumonia. (druglib.com)
Herein, tigecycline disposition in patients with community- or hospital-acquired pneumonia was described using a population pharmacokinetic model. (druglib.com)
This model will serve as the basis for estimating tigecycline exposure for pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analyses for efficacy and safety among patients with community- or hospital-acquired pneumonia. (druglib.com)
And while hospital officials are still defining exactly how an observation unit would work and what types of patients it would see, Dr. Flanders says that pneumonia patients are an essential part of the conversation. (todayshospitalist.com)
We specifically discussed the pneumonia population as a group that we could target to avoid unnecessary admissions to the hospital," he explains. (todayshospitalist.com)
Yesterday morning, in Hebei Children's Hospital Respiratory out-patient room , a lady round the listless children distressed and anxious. (flutrackers.com)
Hospital infusion room patients also increases. (flutrackers.com)
One hundred forty-seven (34.3%) patients who had taken aspirin died in hospital within 1 month vs 118 patients (30.7%) without aspirin. (springer.com)
New research indicates that patients with pneumonia may spend fewer days in the hospital if they are given steroids. (medindia.net)
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or nosocomial pneumonia refers to any pneumonia contracted by a patient in a hospital at least 48-72 hours after being admitted. (wikipedia.org)
Hospital acquired pneumonia typically lengthens a hospital stay by 1-2 weeks. (wikipedia.org)
10,000 cells/μl In an elderly person, the first sign of hospital-acquired pneumonia may be mental changes or confusion. (wikipedia.org)
All patients discharged home should be instructed to return to hospital if they develop any worsening of illness. (who.int)

Although corticosteroids are effective in almost all EP patients, the relapse rate during corticosteroid tapering is very high. (ersjournals.com)
[ 3 ] Corticosteroids are used as adjunctive initial therapy only in patients with HIV infection who have severe PJP. (medscape.com)

Multivariate analysis showed that microbiologically confirmed pneumonia was associated with enteral nutrition (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 11.8, 95% CI 1.4 to 98) and supine body position (OR 6.1, CI 1.2 to 31). (bmj.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms30

Diseases76

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment45

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes8

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science4

Named Groups2

Health Care31

Geographicals3

Community-acquired18

Pneumocystis22

Bacterial14

Mortality21

Diagnosis of Pneumonia3

Ventilator-associate8

Outcomes8

Clinical15

Mechanical ventilation4

Infections20

Nosocomial pneumonia in patients1

Prevention1

Pulmonary7

Influenza2

Hospitalization3

Bronchoalveolar2

Pathogens4

Eosinophilic pneumonia6

Pneumococcal6

Need to be hospitalized2

Polymerase chain re2

20195

Case of pneumonia1

Retrospective3

METHODS4

Symptoms5

Severe COVID-195

Develop pneumonia2

Incidence1

Secondary2

Intensive10

Risk30

Treatment17

Deaths4

Sepsis2

Viral Infection2

People with weakened immune systems1

Antibiotics6

Lung6

Inflammation2

20201

Severity index1

Adult1

Acute exacerbation1

Fungi3

Clinically suspected2

Fungal2

Hospital14

Corticosteroids2

Odds ratio1