Outcome Assessment (Health Care)ResearchComparative Effectiveness ResearchSpondylolisthesisTreatment OutcomePatient Outcome AssessmentAmerican Heart AssociationNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.)Intervertebral Disc DisplacementUnited StatesSpinal StenosisResearch DesignPatient-Centered CareHealth Services ResearchResearch Support as TopicDiskectomyAcademies and InstitutesOutcome and Process Assessment (Health Care)Lumbar VertebraePatient Protection and Affordable Care ActRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicCooperative BehaviorCardiologyDisability EvaluationRetrospective StudiesEvidence-Based MedicineDatabases as TopicQuality of LifePregnancy OutcomeFollow-Up StudiesProspective StudiesEthics, ResearchSpinal DiseasesCost-Benefit AnalysisResearch PersonnelTime FactorsData CollectionCohort StudiesBiomedical ResearchPatient SatisfactionAdvisory CommitteesGuidelines as TopicMulticenter Studies as TopicRadiculopathyRisk FactorsTraining SupportClinical Trials as TopicMedical Record LinkageNursing ResearchInterdisciplinary CommunicationQuality Assurance, Health CareQuality of Health CarePatient SelectionOrganizational ObjectivesComputer Communication NetworksSeverity of Illness IndexDelivery of Health CarePain MeasurementRisk AssessmentPractice Guidelines as TopicDatabases, FactualQuestionnairesQuality Indicators, Health CareDecompression, SurgicalOrthopedic ProceduresHealth PolicySocieties, MedicalPhysical Therapy ModalitiesTranslational Medical ResearchElectronic Health RecordsReproducibility of ResultsColonoscopyPredictive Value of TestsPsychometricsHealth Care CostsGenetic ResearchPhysician's Practice PatternsNeoplasmsCardiovascular DiseasesLogistic ModelsPrognosisSchizophreniaMedicareClinical Nursing ResearchCross-Sectional StudiesPregnancyQualitative ResearchDental ResearchCommunity-Based Participatory ResearchInfant, NewbornBehavioral ResearchSurvival AnalysisHuman ExperimentationSurvival RateAge FactorsMultivariate AnalysisGreat BritainPostoperative ComplicationsInformed ConsentEmpirical Research