Pathways caspase. Medical search. Frequent questions

Active caspase-9, in turn, activates executioner caspases-3 and -7. (jneurosci.org)
Surprisingly, although in response to the apoptotic inducer staurosporine PKR itself is not phosphorylated, PKR triggers the cleavage of HuR via its downstream effector FADD that in turn activates the caspase-8/caspase-3 pathway. (edu.sa)
Therefore, our results support a model whereby in response to lethal stress, PKR, without being phosphorylated, activates the FADD/caspase-8/caspase-3 pathway to trigger HuR cleavage, and the HuR-CPs are then capable of promoting apoptosis. (edu.sa)
When assembled, this inflammasome, a multiprotein complex, activates caspase-1, which promotes secretion of proinflammatory cell-signalling protein molecules (cytokines). (europa.eu)
Here we show that chloroquine, a drug that activates the stress-responsive Atm-p53 tumor-suppressor pathway, preferentially enhances the death of Myc oncogene-overexpressing primary mouse B cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and impairs Myc-induced lymphomagenesis in a transgenic mouse model of human Burkitt lymphoma. (jci.org)
the apoptosome (regulated by cytochrome c and the Bcl-2 family ) which activates caspase-9 . (wikidoc.org)

Injury-induced cytochrome c -specific cleavage of caspase-9 followed by activation of caspase-3 in mature brain correlated with marked increases in Apaf-1 and caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression. (jneurosci.org)
Moreover, immunohistochemical experiments showed that DOEO remarkably increased the protein levels of NF-E2-related nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduced the expression of apoptotic caspases, including caspase 3 and caspase 9. (wjtcm.net)
Von Roretz, C & Gallouzi, IE 2010, ' Protein kinase RNA/FADD/caspase-8 pathway mediates the proapoptotic activity of the RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR) ', Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol. 285, no. 22, pp. 16806-16813. (edu.sa)
They are named caspases due to their specific cysteine protease activity - a cysteine in its active site nucleophilically attacks and cleaves a target protein only after an aspartic acid residue. (wikipedia.org)
The activation of initiator caspases and inflammatory caspases is initiated by dimerisation, which is facilitated by binding to adaptor proteins via protein-protein interaction motifs that are collectively referred to as death folds. (wikipedia.org)
The results demonstrated that SA inhibited apoptosis signaling in H9c2 cardiomyocytes via downregulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition to its role in glucose metabolism, this pathway also regulates the redirection of free amino acids to protein synthesis via the mTOR-signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
RIP-2 is a protein regulating the recruitment of caspase proteins, which are essential to programmed cell death (apoptosis). (europa.eu)
This study challenged hemocytes with P. marinus for 1hr in the presence or absence of caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK or Inhibitor of Apoptosis protein (IAP) inhibitor GDC-0152. (usda.gov)
Interestingly, chloroquine-induced cell death was not dependent on caspase-mediated apoptosis, as neither overexpression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 nor deletion of the proapoptotic Bax and Bak affected chloroquine-induced MEF death. (jci.org)
Horvitz and his colleague Junying Yuan [2] found in 1993 that the protein encoded by the ced-3 gene was a cysteine protease with similar properties to the mammalian interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme (ICE) (now known as caspase 1) which at the time was the only known caspase. (wikidoc.org)
Signaling within the cell initiates a pathway that turns on a protein called nuclear factor kappa B that triggers inflammation and leads to the production of immune system proteins called cytokines. (medlineplus.gov)
is initiated when the TNFR1 protein, bound to the TNF protein, is brought into the cell and triggers a process known as the caspase cascade. (medlineplus.gov)
The clumps of protein constantly activate these alternative inflammation pathways, leading to excess inflammation in people with TRAPS. (medlineplus.gov)
Beneficial effects of collagen type III on β-cell function via activation of the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway, suppression of RhoA and caspase-3 activity, increased β-cell viability, and proliferation were abolished when ADGRG1 was downregulated in β-cells. (lu.se)
and protein carbonyl, IL-1beta, and caspase-1 determination. (cdc.gov)

Activation involves dimerization and often oligomerisation of pro-caspases, followed by cleavage into a small subunit and large subunit. (wikipedia.org)
This form of cell death is fundamentally different from apoptosis and lacks some distinct characteristics of apoptosis such as DNA fragmentation, pyknosis, or caspase activation and cleavage [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Caspases are cysteine proteases that are specific for substrates with an aspartic acid residue at the P(1) position and have an optimal recognition motif that incorporates four amino acid residues N-terminal to the cleavage site. (rcsb.org)
The exact contribution that the cleavage of many caspase substrates makes to the biochemistry and morphology of apoptosis is unclear. (wikidoc.org)
The cleavage and inactivation of ICAD/DFF45 by a caspase allows CAD to enter the nucleus and fragment the DNA, causing the characteristic 'DNA ladder' seen in apoptotic cells. (wikidoc.org)

Caspases (cysteine-aspartic proteases, cysteine aspartases or cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases) are a family of protease enzymes playing essential roles in programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Caspases are a family of calcium -dependent cysteine proteases , which play essential roles in apoptosis (programmed cell death), necrosis and inflammation . (wikidoc.org)
They are called cysteine proteases , because they use a cysteine residue to cut those proteins, and are called caspases because the cysteine residue cleaves their substrate proteins at specific asparagine residues. (wikidoc.org)
Caspases are proteases that take part in the intracellular signaling pathways that cause apoptosis in different cell types. (isciii.es)

Our data further confirm that caspase-3 is not a major effector of DA neuronal death in GT1b neurotoxicity. (biomedcentral.com)
The pro-domain of the intrinsic initiator caspases and the inflammatory caspases contains a single death fold known as caspase recruitment domain (CARD), while the pro-domain of the extrinsic initiator caspases contains two death folds known as death effector domains (DED). (wikipedia.org)
initiator (apical) caspases and effector (executioner) caspases . (wikidoc.org)
CASP2 , CASP8 , CASP9 and CASP10 ) cleave inactive pro-forms of effector caspases, thereby activating them. (wikidoc.org)
Initiator caspases possess a longer prodomain than the effector caspases, whose prodomain is very small. (wikidoc.org)
The prodomain of the initiator caspases contain domains such as a CARD domain (e.g. caspases-2 and -9) or a death effector domain (DED) (caspases-8 and -10) that enables the caspases to interact with other molecules that regulate their activation. (wikidoc.org)
This allows them to autoactivate, so that they can then proceed to activate the effector caspases. (wikidoc.org)

Caspase-8 is an initiator enzyme in the Fas-mediated pathway of which the downstream executioner caspase-3 is a physiological target. (rcsb.org)
Caspases are essential in cells for apoptosis , one of the main types of programmed cell death in development and most other stages of adult life, and have been termed "executioner" proteins for their roles in the cell. (wikidoc.org)

Tumour growth can occur by a combination of factors, including a mutation in a cell cycle gene which removes the restraints on cell growth, combined with mutations in apoptotic proteins such as caspases that would respond by inducing cell death in abnormally growing cells. (wikipedia.org)
Our resources and products to study apoptosis include apoptosis kits and antibodies to key proteins such as caspases and the Bcl-2 family. (abcam.com)

Interestingly, while GT1b enhanced caspase-3 activity, DEVD, a caspase-3 inhibitor, failed to rescue DA neuronal death. (biomedcentral.com)

The activation of classical and non-classical pathway is separately dependent on Caspase-1 or Caspase-4/5/11 (6, 7). (researchsquare.com)
Non‐apoptotic caspase‐3 activation is critically involved in dendritic spine loss and synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. (lu.se)
This caspase‐3 activation concurs with a rapid loss of dendritic spines and deficits in synaptic long‐term depression (LTD) in striatal projection neurons forming the indirect pathway. (lu.se)
Taken together, our data identify transient and non‐apoptotic caspase activation as a critical event in the early plastic changes of indirect pathway neurons following dopamine denervation. (lu.se)
These results suggest that differential expression of Apaf-1 and caspase-3 genes may underlie regulation of apoptotic susceptibility during brain development, as well as after acute injury to mature brain, through the intrinsic pathway of caspase activation. (jneurosci.org)
Eldadah and Faden, 2000 ), we hypothesized that suppression of apoptotic capability during maturation of mammalian brain results from repression of genes involved in the caspase-3 activation pathway, and that injury-induced neuronal apoptosis in the mature brain results from reactivation of these genes. (jneurosci.org)
Additionally, we observed that these HuR-CPs are sufficient to trigger cell death in the absence of activation of the PKR pathway. (edu.sa)
Activation of caspases ensures that the cellular components are degraded in a controlled manner, carrying out cell death with minimal effect on surrounding tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Conversely, over-activation of some caspases such as caspase-3 can lead to excessive programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Insufficient activation of these caspases can increase an organism's susceptibility to infection, as an appropriate immune response may not be activated. (wikipedia.org)
drugs blocking the activation of Caspase-1 have been used to improve the health of patients. (wikipedia.org)
Multiprotein complexes often form during caspase activation. (wikipedia.org)
Discover pathways on apoptosis induction, caspase activation and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. (abcam.com)
Caspases, while dispensable for cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis, inhibit activation of pro-inflammatory pathways after MOMP. (nature.com)
Treatment with PF markedly reduced the production of ROS, and inhibited the activation of p38 and p53 in human keratinocytes, thus suggesting that the ROS‑p38‑p53 pathway has a role in UV‑B‑induced skin damage. (spandidos-publications.com)
secretion is the activation of inflammasomes, large multimolecular complexes best known for their ability to control activation of the proteolytic enzyme caspase-1. (usp.br)
In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SA inhibits the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes following H/R injury via reduced activation of the p38MAPK and JNK signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
In all cases, apoptosis is mediated by caspases, although it is unclear how these diverse apoptotic stimuli cause protease activation. (diva-portal.org)
The other pathway is controlled by the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and the subsequent ATP-dependent activation of the death regulator apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 (Apaf-1). (diva-portal.org)
Prevention of ATP production completely inhibited caspase activation and apoptosis in response to chemotherapeutic drugs and staurosporine. (diva-portal.org)
In contrast, inhibition of ATP production did not affect caspase activation after triggering of CD95. (diva-portal.org)
These results suggest that chemotherapeutic drug-induced caspase activation is entirely controlled by a receptor-independent mitochondrial pathway, whereas CD95-induced apoptosis can be regulated by a separate pathway not requiring Apaf-1 function. (diva-portal.org)
Titanium dioxide nanoparticle s induce JB6 cell apoptosis through activation of the caspase-8/Bid pathway. (cdc.gov)
Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. (lu.se)
Caspase-1 was significantly elevated in the liver at 6 h, to a greater extent in BALB/c mice, suggesting inflammasome pathway activation. (cdc.gov)
Conclusions: BALB/c mice were more responsive to nanoceria-induced effects, e.g. liver caspase-1 activation, reduced liver vacuolation, and increased spleen cell density. (cdc.gov)
Organic solvent-induced proximal tubular cell toxicity via caspase-3 activation. (cdc.gov)

combined BI2536 (an inhibitor of PLK1) with cisplatin (DDP) to treat ESCC cells and found the combination of two drugs had a synergistic effect on tumor inhibition and resulted in pyroptotic death of cancer cells by Caspase-3/GSDME pathway. (researchsquare.com)
Interestingly, systemic treatment with a caspase inhibitor prevents both the spine pruning and the deficit of indirect pathway LTD without interfering with the ongoing dopaminergic degeneration. (lu.se)
Moreover, inhibitor of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway could inhibit paraptosis-like cell death induced by 125 I seeds radiation. (hindawi.com)
We report the X-ray crystallographic structure of caspase-8 in complex with benzyloxycarbonyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-aldehyde (Z-DEVD), a specific group II caspase inhibitor. (rcsb.org)
Kinetic data reveal that Z-DEVD (K(i) 2 nM) is an almost equally potent inhibitor of caspase-8 as the specific group III inhibitor Boc-IETD-aldehyde (K(i) 1 nM). (rcsb.org)

Caspases also have a role in inflammation, whereby it directly processes pro-inflammatory cytokines such as pro-IL1β. (wikipedia.org)
The bacterial origin of mitochondria suggests that inflammatory pathways found in cytosol-invading bacteria may be relevant to mitochondrial-driven inflammation after MOMP. (nature.com)
Apoptotic caspase activity inhibits cell death-associated inflammation. (nature.com)
Can inflammation occur under caspase-proficient conditions? (nature.com)
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L), has proven to be a modulator of multiple intercellular signalling pathways linked to inflammation, to proliferation, growth, invasion, drug sensitivity, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. (researchgate.net)
Inside the cell, these proteins clump together and are thought to trigger alternative pathways that initiate inflammation. (medlineplus.gov)

Interestingly, caspase-8, whose function appeared to be restricted to death receptors, was also activated by these drugs under normal conditions, but not after ATP depletion. (diva-portal.org)

PARP1 inhibition suggested disruption of essential pathways of proliferation maintenance . (bvsalud.org)
Note that in addition to apoptosis, caspase-8 is also required for the inhibition of another form of programmed cell death called necroptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Notably, these effects were shown to be mediated, at least in part, via inhibition of the ROS-p38-p53 pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)

Downregulated expression of CASP9 mRNA and unchanged expression of CASP3 /8 mRNA suggested caspase -independent cell death , whereas downregulated expression of BECN1 mRNA indicated autophagic disruption. (bvsalud.org)

Caspases involved with processing inflammatory signals are also implicated in disease. (wikipedia.org)
Many of the pro-inflammatory pathways activated during cell death occur upon mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), the pivotal commitment point to cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis. (nature.com)
Some of these mitochondrial-activated inflammatory pathways can be traced back to the bacterial ancestry of mitochondria. (nature.com)
In addition, mitochondria harbour many damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that can initiate a variety of inflammatory signalling pathways [ 3 ]. (nature.com)
A major inflammatory pathway involved in IL-1? (usp.br)
In these cases, caspase-1 was seen to reduce proteolytic activity, resulting in overactivity of the pro-inflammatory RIP-2 pathway. (europa.eu)
This is because they are inflammatory caspases, which in concert with CASP1 , are involved in cytokine maturation. (wikidoc.org)

It presents a focused yet extensive discussion on proteolytic enzymes such as caspases, HtrAs, granzymes, calpains and cathepsins as well as laboratory protocols related to enzymology and apoptosis. (springer.com)

Initiator caspases (e.g. (wikidoc.org)
These molecules respond to stimuli which cause the clustering of the initiator caspases. (wikidoc.org)

Perkinsus marinus suppresses in vitro eastern oyster apoptosis via IAP-dependent and caspase-independent pathways involving TNFR, NF-kB, and oxidative pathway crosstalk. (usda.gov)

The active enzyme often exists as a heterotetramer in the biological environment, where a pro-caspase dimer is cleaved together to form a heterotetramer. (wikipedia.org)
However, the function of ICAD/DFF45 is to restrain the enzyme CAD (Caspase Activated DNase). (wikidoc.org)

mediated protective immune response following by caspase-1- dependent IL-18 release after is the key mechanism responsible for the fungal control after P. brasiliensis-induced cell damage recognition by NLRP3 canonical inflammasome pathway. (usp.br)

The large and small subunit associate with each other to form an active heterodimer caspase. (wikipedia.org)
Some activating multiprotein complexes includes: The death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) during extrinsic apoptosis The apoptosome during intrinsic apoptosis The inflammasome during pyroptosis Once appropriately dimerised, the Caspases cleave at inter domain linker regions, forming a large and small subunit. (wikipedia.org)
They are first synthesized as inactive pro-caspases , that consist of a prodomain, a small subunit and a large subunit. (wikidoc.org)

Several DEATH DOMAIN RECEPTOR SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS can bind to the death domains of the activated receptors and through a complex series of interactions activate apoptotic mediators such as CASPASES. (bvsalud.org)

With numerous illustrations and tables, each of the nearly 300 sections of the Guide describes genes involved in a specific pathway, process, or structure from the molecular and cellular levels to developmental and physiological processes. (cshlpress.com)
DAMPs, damage-associated tissues and the molecular target structures and pathways. (cdc.gov)

The mechanism of drug resistance in tumors are complex, which mainly includes drug concentration reduction in tumor cells, abnormal drug metabolic pathway, DNA damage repair dysfunction, regulation of autophagy, blocking of apoptotic pathways, and self-renewal or proliferation of tumor stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
Disruption of caspase-independent cell proliferation pathway on spheroids (HeLa cells) treated with curcumin. (bvsalud.org)
There are other identified roles of caspases such as cell proliferation, tumour suppression, cell differentiation, neural development and axon guidance and ageing. (wikipedia.org)
To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)

Through a combination of phenotypic assays, treatment with chemical inhibitors of apoptosis pathway proteins, and dual transcriptomic analysis of C. virginica and P. marinus, we conclude that hemocyte apoptosis in C. virginica is IAP-dependent, P. marinus apoptosis suppression involves caspase-independent apoptosis pathways downstream of mitochondrial permeabilization. (usda.gov)
This suggests P. marinus-induced apoptosis suppression is caspase-independent, affects an IAP-involved pathway, and occurs downstream of mitochondrial permeabilization. (usda.gov)

Our data provide novel evidence that a Akt/GSK-3β/tau-dependent, but not caspase-3 signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in GT1b-mediated neurotoxic actions on mesencephalic DA neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we evaluated the role of the intrinsic pathway in neuronal apoptosis at different stages of rat brain development and during maturation of primary cortical neurons in vivo as well as in response to brain injury. (jneurosci.org)

Gene knockdown showed caspase-8 to be the apical caspase in the AIM2- and NLRP3-dependent apoptotic pathways, with little or no requirement for caspase-9. (nih.gov)

Otherwise, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining assay, western blot and qRT-PCR were used for detection of pyroptosis-correlated pathway. (researchsquare.com)
Cell morphological feature, mitochondrial membrane potential, LDH release rate, production of IL-1β and expression of Caspase-1/GSDMD all showed that pyroptosis happened more significantly in A549/DDP cells than that in A549 cells after OP-B treatment. (researchsquare.com)
Though inducing more significantly pyroptosis by activating Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, OP-B relieved DDP resistance of A549 cells. (researchsquare.com)
Activated Caspase-1/4/5/11 catalyze GSDMD to cleave into GSDMD-N and GSDMD-C fragments, and GSDMD-N can bind and form pores at cell membrane, so as to lead pyroptosis and release IL-1β and IL-18 to extracellular environment (8, 9). (researchsquare.com)
Caspases have other identified roles in programmed cell death such as pyroptosis, necroptosis and PANoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Active caspase-1 is responsible for rapid lytic cell death termed pyroptosis. (nih.gov)

This is a monograph on proteolysis via programmed cell death via caspase and granzyme mediated destruction in neurodegeneration. (springer.com)
The integral role caspases play in cell death and disease has led to research on using caspases as a drug target. (wikipedia.org)
Most caspases play a role in programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
View our webinar focusing on the pathways of necroptotic cell death. (abcam.com)
We found that 125 I seeds radiation activated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and could trigger paraptosis-like cell death. (hindawi.com)
Our data suggest that 125 I seeds radiation can induce paraptosis-like cell death via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
Paraptosis is a kind of caspase-independent programmed cell death and is characterized by distinct cytoplasmic vacuolization derived from swelling endoplasmic reticulum and/or mitochondria. (hindawi.com)
Here we show that AIM2 and NLRP3 inflammasomes activate caspase-8 and -1, leading to both apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death. (nih.gov)
In addition, cell death analysis indicated that PF treatment markedly reduced UV‑B‑radiation‑induced apoptosis in keratinocytes, which was accompanied by increased procaspase 3 expression and decreased cleaved caspase 3 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
Thus chloroquine induces lysosomal stress and provokes a p53-dependent cell death that does not require caspase-mediated apoptosis. (jci.org)
The importance of caspases to apoptosis and programmed cell death was originally established by Robert Horvitz and colleagues who found that the ced-3 gene was required for the cell death that took place during the development of the nematode C. elegans . (wikidoc.org)

This study examines exciting new hallmarks for the strict involvement of autophagy and TGF-β signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the design of novel therapeutic strategies. (frontiersin.org)
Consequently, several therapeutic agents such as adiponectin, ezetimibe, GABA tea, geniposide, liraglutide, guava extract, and vitamin D were shown to inhibit diabetes and its complications through modulation of the autophagy pathway. (frontiersin.org)
The prominent role of autophagy signaling pathway was supported by the alteration of autophagy markers in patients and animal models of T1DM, T2DM, and gestational diabetes. (frontiersin.org)

We found that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway involved the modulation of 125 I seeds radiation-induced paraptosis. (hindawi.com)
Modulation of immune response to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by canonical and non-canonical inflammasome pathways: IL-1? (usp.br)
Anti-diabetic drugs such as metformin and rosiglitazone have been reported to act via modulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
Natural agents including compounds as resveratrol, puerarin, curcumin, hesperidin and silymarin, and extracts of propolis, Lycopus lucidus , and Momordica charantia have been shown to combat diabetes via modulation of TGF-β signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
This research also indicates that the mechanism of P. marinus apoptosis suppression in hemocytes involves oxidation-reduction processes and modulation of TNFR and NF-kB pathways. (usda.gov)

In this study we addressed the mechanisms that underlie canonical and non-canonical inflammasome pathways, assessing the functional importance of caspase-1, caspase-11 and caspase-8 in the regulation of inflammasome-mediated host resistance during P. brasiliensis infection. (usp.br)

Here we demonstrate that, during brain maturation, the potential of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway is progressively reduced and that such repression is associated with downregulation of apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) and caspase-3 gene expression. (jneurosci.org)
Mechanistically, the CCL20/CCR6 signaling pathway upregulates HIF-1α by stimulating nuclear factor kappa B-driven transactivation of the HIF1A gene. (cancerindex.org)

this coupled with the unwanted apoptosis that occurs with ischaemia or Alzheimer's disease , has boomed the interest in caspases as potential therapeutic targets since they were discovered in the mid 1990s. (wikidoc.org)

However, some studies have shown that other molecules apart from caspases are activated during apoptosis in the retina. (isciii.es)
In this study we aim to review the basic research studies published in the last years in order to know the molecules and pathways involved in the processes which cause apoptosis of the different types of retinal cells. (isciii.es)

Granzyme B is able to induce target cell apoptosis by activating caspase independent pathways. (biolegend.com)
May participate in the granzyme B apoptotic pathways. (lu.se)

One is mediated by recruitment of the proximal regulator caspase-8 to the death receptor complex. (diva-portal.org)

UV-B-induced DNA damage can trigger cell signaling pathways to activate defense systems, leading to DNA repair and/or apoptosis ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The initiation of this cascade reaction is regulated by caspase inhibitors. (wikidoc.org)

Overall, the study showed that DOEO displayed myocardial protection by upregulating the NF-E2-related nuclear factor- antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) and caspase pathways. (wjtcm.net)

após a liberação de IL-18 pela via da caspase-1, é o principal mecanismo responsável pelo controle fúngico quando o dano celular desencadeado pelo fungo é reconhecido pelo inflamassoma de NLRP3. (usp.br)

It is, however, not known whether caspase‐3 plays similar roles in other pathologies. (lu.se)
Specifically, evidence supports that several signaling pathways play pivotal roles in the development of diabetes. (frontiersin.org)

In view of this finding, the original classification of caspases into three specificity groups needs to be modified, at least for caspase-8, which tolerates small hydrophobic residues as well as the acidic residue Asp in subsite S(4). (rcsb.org)

Here, we report that both pathways can be dissected by depletion of intracellular ATP. (diva-portal.org)

Caspases are synthesised as inactive zymogens (pro-caspases) that are only activated following an appropriate stimulus. (wikipedia.org)

Additionally, scientists have used caspases as cancer therapy to kill unwanted cells in tumours. (wikipedia.org)
10 Galectins can function inside the cells by modulating signaling pathways, 11 although they also act extracellularly by establishing multivalent interactions with cell surface glycans and delivering signals that lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis. (nature.com)
Lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides necessary for the biosynthesis of the daughter cells are mostly provided by intermediate metabolites of these pathways. (hindawi.com)
However, when both apoptotic and autophagic pathways were blocked simultaneously, chloroquine-induced killing of Myc-overexpressing cells was blunted. (jci.org)
By using different experimental models, an increase in caspase activity in retinal cells after damage has been shown. (isciii.es)

Anatomy24

Organisms5

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs119

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Health Care1

Activates6

Protein17

Cleavage5

Proteases4

Effector7

Executioner2

Proteins such as caspases2

Enhanced caspase-3 activity1

Activation27

Inhibitor5

Inflammation6

Interestingly1

Inhibition3

CASP31

Inflammatory7

Proteolytic1

Initiator2

Apoptosis via1

Enzyme2

Inflammasome pathway1

Subunit3

Signaling Adaptor Proteins1

Molecular2

Proliferation4

Downstream2

Neurons2

Apical1

Pyroptosis6

Cell death11

Autophagy3

Modulation5

Regulation1

Gene2

Alzheimer's1

Molecules2

Granzyme2

Recruitment1

Trigger1

Cascade1

Nrf21

NLRP31

Roles2

Residues1

Intracellular1

Synthesised as inactive1

Cells5