Pathways aromatic compounds. Medical search. Frequent questions

The degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by different algae seems to be related to the molecular structures of the compound and physiological metabolism of the algae. (omicsonline.org)
The most common contaminants found at the station are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). (cdc.gov)
Abt staff analyzed the collected samples for oil compounds that are toxic, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and used the pattern of PAHs in the samples to confirm the oil's pathway and exposed resources. (abtassociates.com)
But the soil on the site was contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls, metals, oil, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (cdc.gov)
A new method of the determination polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples was developed by continuous-flow microextraction (CFME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this experiment, 15 mL sample solution with no salt-added was flowed at the rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) through 3 microL benzene as extraction solvent. (who.int)
Metalworking fluids are oil-water emulsions that contain paraffins, pine oils, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals ( 10 , 11 ). (cdc.gov)

To quickly elucidate the metabolism of this non-model organism, several parallel 13 C-fingerprinting experiments were designed to probe multiple pathways in Rhodococcus opacus PD630. (confex.com)
This 'omics' is derived from 'metabolism': the field of biology that is concerned with the study of the biochemical processes and pathways that are necessary for the life of an organism, and with the chemicals that they work with. (scientific-computing.com)
Tryptophan (TRP) is an essential dietary amino acid that, unless otherwise committed to protein synthesis, undergoes metabolism via the Tryptophan-Kynurenine (TRP-KYN) pathway in vertebrate organisms. (mdpi.com)
The bacterial catabolism of orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol) can be used as a model for the metabolism of other members of the resorcinol (1,3-benzenediol) compound family. (ethz.ch)
According to metabolomics analysis of rat feces, six metabolism pathways with the greatest response to HE were screened, several of which were remarkably reversed by COS. (bvsalud.org)
Bacterial metabolism selected lignin model compounds (vanillin, vanillate, 4- hydroxybenzoate, p-coumarate, benzoate, and ferulate) was carried out with three of the Pseudomonas isolates and in addition with the strain Pseudomonas putida KT2440 from a Introduction culture collection. (lu.se)
These results contribute to a better more biomass-derived carbohydrates are also used for produc- understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in tion of chemicals, a further valorization of lignin is an essential terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for component. (lu.se)
This perspective focuses on two areas that have yielded new useful information during the last 20 years: (i) structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of contact allergy based on the concept of hapten-protein binding and (ii) mechanistic investigations regarding activation of nonsensitizing compounds to contact allergens by air oxidation or skin metabolism. (cdc.gov)
mechanistic investigations regarding activation of nonsensitizing compounds to contact allergens by air oxidation or skin metabolism. (cdc.gov)

Other compounds produced via type II PKSs are important bioactive compounds which span from anticancer agents doxorubicin to antibiotics such as tetracycline. (wikipedia.org)
Although roots are the primary material harvested for medical use, the biosynthesis of the bioactive compounds and its regulation in A. mongolicus are not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
The results revealed a comprehensive profile for metabolic activities among tissues, pointing to the equal importance of leaf, stem, and root in A. mongolicus for the production of bioactive compounds. (biomedcentral.com)

Global transcriptome analysis profiles metabolic pathways in traditional herb Astragalus membranaceus Bge. (biomedcentral.com)
A transcriptome study was performed for A. mongolicus tissues to construct and profile their metabolic pathways, especially for the important bioactive molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolic pathways were inferred by PICRUSt2, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) quantification was performed by gas chromatography. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSIONS: The gut microbiota of HE patients exhibits a proinflammatory dysbiotic profile, plus metabolic pathways that produce potentially neurotoxic byproducts. (bvsalud.org)

The public health assessment evaluates potential sources of contamination associated with Gentile AFS and identifies potential exposure pathways in surrounding communities. (cdc.gov)
We look at past, present, and future exposure pathways. (cdc.gov)

Recent studies from our laboratory on the enzyme 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4-OT), which in nature catalyzes an enol-keto tautomerization step as part of a catabolic pathway for aromatic compounds, uncovered extreme catalytic promiscuity for this enzyme. (rug.nl)
In contrast, a catabolic pathway for the stereospecific cleavage of β-aryl ether units that are found in lignin has been identified in Sphingobium sp. (jbei.org)

The role of DMSP degradation pathways for MeSH and DMS formation was further investigated by using the synthetic analogue DMTeP as a probe in feeding experiments with the wild-type strain and knockout mutants. (beilstein-journals.org)

For triterpene saponin biosynthesis, we found the genes in MVA and non-MVA pathways were differentially expressed among three examined tissues, indicating the parallel but compartmentally separated biosynthesis pathways of IPP and DMAPP in A. mongolicus . (biomedcentral.com)
This review focuses on the chemical characteristics, biosynthesis, and distribution of CGA and related compounds in coffee. (scielo.br)
PICRUSt2 analysis showed both an enhanced catabolism of arginine through ammonia-producing pathways and chorismate biosynthesis in HE patients, a key precursor of aromatic amino acids. (bvsalud.org)

However, the microbial metabolic pathway of the fungicide and the genetic systems driving its degradation by strain P3 remain unknown. (nature.com)
Therefore, elucidation of the microbial metabolic pathway of OPP is a prerequisite for the downstream exploitation of strain P3 in any environmental application. (nature.com)
Rhodococcus opacus PD630 is a promising microbial host for lignocellulosic biofuel production, due to its high tolerance to aromatic compounds and accumulation of triacylglycerol, a biodiesel precursor. (confex.com)

This can be attributed to the higher amount of soot precursor and surface growth species formed through the toluene oxidation pathways in the 1000 K case. (dtu.dk)
The pathway of formation for these aromatic precursors is speculated to involve four important steps: enzymatic oxidation, metabolic processing of unsaturated fatty acids, cysteinlated or glutathionylated conjugation to aldehydes, and a β-lyase cleavage during alcoholic fermentation to release the aromatic compound. (ucdavis.edu)
Many compounds are not allergenic themselves but are activated in the skin (e.g., metabolically) or before skin contact (e.g., via air oxidation) to form skin sensitizers. (cdc.gov)
The clinical importance of air oxidation to activate nonallergenic compounds has been demonstrated. (cdc.gov)

Flavonoids and phenolic acids, the largest classes of plant phenolics, are biosynthetically derived from the acetate and shikimate pathways, as well as the shikimate pathway from phenylalanine or tyrosine 12 . (scialert.net)
Entry into the shikimate pathway from quinic acid seems to be advantageous over the classical pathway starting from glucose as there is less number of steps involved. (springeropen.com)
Metabolic map of shikimate pathway. (springeropen.com)

Our 13 C-fingerprinting approach resulted in several findings: 1) PD630 strongly prefers to utilize the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway over Emden-Meyerhof (EMP) and the pentose phosphate pathway, 2) highly active malic enzyme and anaplerotic pathways, 3) uptake & utilization of exogenous amino acids, and 4) no carbon catabolite repression detected on growth with glucose and phenol. (confex.com)
Three aromatic amino acids, more than ten different antibiotics and many herbicides and pesticides have been synthesized from shikimic acid. (springeropen.com)

Benzene compounds with dihydroxylated rings, e.g. catechol (1,2-benzenediol) and hydroquinone (1,4-benzenediol), are important intermediates in bacterial catabolism of aromatic compounds. (ethz.ch)
Catecholamines are any of a group of amines (nitrogen-contain organic compounds) derived from the amino acid tyrosine and containing a catechol group (aromatic chemical compound consisting of a benzene ring with two hydroxyl groups). (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Rhodococcus opacus PD630 is a promising strain for the biological upgrading of lignin due to its ability to tolerate and utilize lignin-derived aromatic compounds. (biomedcentral.com)

Jet fuels consist of four families of hydrocarbons: n-alkanes, iso-alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics. (biofuels-news.com)
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a prototype of environmental halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, induces a rapid reduction in steady state aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). (cdc.gov)

Phenolic compounds generally possess one or more aromatic rings with one or more hydroxyl groups. (scialert.net)
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites generally involved in plant adaptation to environmental stress conditions. (scielo.br)
Despite the existence of substantial published information on the total levels of CGA in coffee, more research is needed on the composition of minor phenolic compounds and specific CGA isomers (and related substances) in green and roasted coffee beans, as well as their impact on coffee quality. (scielo.br)
Phenolic compounds in coffee 1 * Corresponding author: [email protected] 1 This work is dedicated to the memory of our dear friend and mentor Prof. Dr Luiz Carlos Trugo for his outstanding contribution to coffee research and for guiding us into this exciting research field. (scielo.br)

ALH 84001 provides an opportunity to identify mechanisms of synthesis of organic materials to determine whether the preserved carbon was generated by abiotic or biotic pathways, the latter of which could indicate the presence of life on Mars. (usra.edu)
The hypothesis, molecular structure determines preferred transformation pathways that can be theoretically predicted and spectroscopically verified, was utilized to evaluate rates and mechanisms of these aromatic compounds and their intermediates as relating to their structures and possible environmental impacts. (aiche.org)
While this effort increased our understanding of the aromatic tolerance, the tolerance mechanisms were not completely elucidated. (biomedcentral.com)
A large number of compounds have been reported as anti-microtubule or anti-actin agents, but only a few compounds have been clarified as to their binding sites on target molecules and their inhibition mechanisms. (go.jp)
Furthermore, some compounds show new inhibition mechanisms by binding on novel sites in target molecules. (go.jp)

Other contaminants identified at some on-site locations include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides and metals. (cdc.gov)

Lignin is a recalcitrant aromatic polymer that is a potential feedstock for renewable fuel and chemical production. (biomedcentral.com)
PTI comprises both physical and chemical defence responses, e.g. the deposition of lignin-like compounds in the cell wall, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of signalling cascades that modulate gene expression. (researchsquare.com)
NOV1 cleaves a wide range of stilbene-like compounds with a 4′-OH group, offering potential in processing some solubilized fragments of lignin into monomer aromatic compounds. (jbei.org)
Structural Biology - Structural Characterization of the Lignin β-Aryl Ether Cleavage Pathway from Sphingobium sp. (jbei.org)
Although lignin is a potential source of valuable aromatic chemicals, its recalcitrance to chemical or biological digestion presents major obstacles to both the production of second-generation biofuels and the generation of valuable coproducts from lignin's monoaromatic units. (jbei.org)
16S lignin-derived mixtures of aromatic molecules. (lu.se)
Some of the enzymes which generate aromatic radicals that break down most prominent bacterial strains found were isolated and tax- the complex linkages present in lignin to compounds of lower onomically identified using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) se- molecular weight. (lu.se)

UV/Vis and SF data were then compared to the CC data for all possible transition states, intermediates, and final products to discern which compounds comprise chemically and energetically feasible transformation products. (aiche.org)
Chemically, these compounds are either nitrogen-containing (alkaloids) or nitrogen-deficient (terpenoids and phenolics) 2 . (scialert.net)

Oxytetracycline belongs to a structurally diverse class of aromatic polyketide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces via type II polyketide synthases (PKSs) which are also known as bacterial aromatic polyketides. (wikipedia.org)

The downstream transformation of BA involved a meta -cleavage pathway, although its genetic organization and function was not revealed and the overall network of genes driving the full metabolic pathway of OPP is still not known. (nature.com)
Knockout of relevant genes from the known DMSP demethylation pathway to MeSH showed in both species a residual production of [ 2 H 3 ]MeSH, suggesting that a second demethylation pathway is active. (beilstein-journals.org)
Diverse organization of genes of the β-ketoadipate pathway in members of the marine Roseobacter lineage. (microbiologyresearch.org)

In addition, compounds derived from the mevalonic acid pathway (e.g., terpenes and steroids) are sometimes detected in the medulla. (preprints.org)
Terpenes are chemical compounds produced inside trichomes, which are sticky resin glands located on a cannabis plant. (stoner.boston)
The entourage effects of humulene terpenes and other chemical compounds found in cannabis may be excellent for weight loss, thanks to their appetite- suppressing properties. (stoner.boston)

Refractory organic carbon in these areas contained aromatic compounds. (usra.edu)

Phenylalanine also is classified as an "essential amino acid" since it cannot be synthesized by the human body from other compounds through chemical reactions and thus has to be taken in with the diet. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Follow the links for more information on compounds or reactions. (ethz.ch)
Photosensitivity reactions may result from systemic medications and topically applied compounds (see Table 1 below). (medscape.com)
Wavelengths within the UV-A (320-400 nm) range and, for certain compounds, within the visible range, are more likely to cause drug-induced photosensitivity reactions, although occasionally UV-B (290-320 nm) can also be responsible for such effects. (medscape.com)
Phototoxic reactions occur because of the damaging effects of light-activated compounds on cell membranes and, in some instances, DNA. (medscape.com)
By contrast, photoallergic reactions are cell-mediated immune responses to a light-activated compound. (medscape.com)

In addition, our results indicate that PD630 uses the ED pathway and gluconeogenesis concurrently for co-utilization of glucose and phenol. (confex.com)

Gluconeogenesis is typically inhibited when glucose is catabolized through the EMP pathway, thus PD630's preference for the ED pathway could be a key strategy to avoid this inhibition under growth with multiple carbon sources. (confex.com)

In the Rieske oxygenase class, work to date has been conducted on a small sample of enzymes, specifically those that perform dioxygenation of aromatic rings. (nature.com)
The crystal structures and biochemical characterization of the NAD-dependent dehydrogenases [LigD (PDB IDs 4Y98 4Y9D ), LigO (PDB IDs 4YA6 4YAC ), and LigL (PDB IDs 4YAE 4YAG 4YAI )] and the glutathione-dependent lyase LigG (PDB IDs 4YAP 4YAV ) provide new insights into the early and late enzymes in the β-ether degradation pathway. (jbei.org)
Enzymes of various catalytic functions in Streptomyces are useful as members of an artificial gene cluster constructed in Escherichia coli for fermentative production of plant-specific flavonoids, including isoflavones and unnatural compounds. (go.jp)

During coffee processing, CGA may be isomerized, hydrolyzed or degraded into low molecular weight compounds. (scielo.br)

Here, we analyzed the biochemical pathway and function of the downregulation. (cdc.gov)

instead it occasionally leads to the formation of metabolic products that are more toxic or persistent than the parent compound 4 . (nature.com)

This work provides valuable resources for bioengineering and in vitro synthesis of the natural compounds for medical research and for potential drug development. (biomedcentral.com)
Shikimic acid, a key intermediate of the aromatic amino acid synthesis pathway [ 1 ] has immense pharmaceutical importance. (springeropen.com)
This pathway is present in animals, plants and even in microorganisms as the common route for the synthesis of aromatic compounds [ 2 ]-[ 4 ]. (springeropen.com)

Terpenoids comprise another large family of secondary metabolites, consisting of over 40,000 different compounds 4 . (scialert.net)
In addition to the production of rotten egg aromas, secondary reductive odors such as cooked vegetables, onion and cabbage are formed from sulphur containing compounds such as thioacetic acid esters and mercaptans due to too low redox potential of the wine (Brajkovich et al. (ucdavis.edu)

To enhance its aromatic tolerance, we recently applied adaptive evolution using phenol as a sole carbon source and characterized a phenol-adapted R. opacus strain (evol40) and the wild-type (WT) strain by whole genome and RNA sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)

An organism which can initiate the pathway is given, but other organisms may also carry out later steps. (ethz.ch)

By introducing hydroxyl groups on the phenyl ring, the inhibitory capability of this compound was further enhanced and antioxidant activity was endowed. (sc.edu)

Upon addition of varied concentrations of NaOH, both transformation of parent compound peaks and formation of new transition product peaks were observed. (aiche.org)

A surrogate model that considers the kinetics of aromatic compounds is hence more promising to improve the prediction of local SVF which is significant to soot radiation modelling. (dtu.dk)

Sulfur containing compounds have high aroma impact, including key varietal flavors. (ucdavis.edu)

Stilbenes are diphenyl ethene compounds produced naturally in a wide variety of plant species and some bacteria. (jbei.org)

The ratio between the IC50 values for MCF-10A and JIMT-1 cells, as a measure for the selectivity of a compound to kill cancer cells, was calculated, and found to vary between just over 1 to more than 10. (lu.se)
The most potent derivatives formed from the condensation of 1 with aromatic aldehydes towards JIMT-1 cells are 3a and 3i, both with ratios between the IC50 values for MCF-10A and JIMT-1 cells close to 5. (lu.se)

Members of the marine Roseobacter clade can degrade dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) via competing pathways releasing either methanethiol (MeSH) or dimethyl sulfide (DMS). (beilstein-journals.org)

A compound namely, Pregna-5, 8, 16-triene-3à-ol-20-one acetate (its chemical name is 16-Dehydropregnenolone acetate) found first time in C. occidentalis flowers, which is used in the preparation of anti-cancer agents. (scialert.net)
Although these volatile thiols are character-impacting compounds in Sauvignon blanc, they are not unique to this cultivar and have been found in other varieties such as Riesling, Colombard, Semillon, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (Coetzee et al, 2012). (ucdavis.edu)
Unlike most aroma compounds found in wine, volatile thiols are unique in the fact that they exist in trace amounts in the berries. (ucdavis.edu)
Aside from a small amount of 3MH (approximately 100 ng/L) found at harvest, the other compounds are virtually nonexistent in grape juice (Coetzee et al. (ucdavis.edu)

Certain sulphur containing compounds are those that take one a rotten egg smell, which come from the formation of H2S by wine yeast fermentation. (ucdavis.edu)
From this, it has been identified that direct precursors become cysteinlated or glutathionylated for each compound during fermentation. (ucdavis.edu)

The two cell lines were treated with various concentrations of the compounds in dose response assays, and the 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined from dose response curves. (lu.se)

The growth curve reflected a diauxic growth other uses for it, in particular lignosulfonates originating from when mixtures of the model compounds were used as carbon the sulfite pulping process, but the predominant technical lig- source. (lu.se)

NREL's fuel chemistry and engine combustion research has shown that particle formation from biomass-derived oxygenates is not accurately predicted by PMI because some oxygenates have low energy barrier reaction pathways to soot formation. (nrel.gov)

Humulene combined with other natural chemical compounds can block pain receptors. (stoner.boston)
Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, derived compounds. (lu.se)
Most local anesthetic agents share the same basic chemical structure, which consists of an aromatic ring, linked to an intermediate chain, linked to a hydrophilic amine segment. (medscape.com)

This structural difference determines the pathway by which the agent is metabolized and its allergic potential. (medscape.com)

The mechanistic data for all types of can be used to identify and organize fects (e.g. is able to induce genotox- ionizing radiation ( IARC, 2012f) are mechanistic information related to icity or affect similar pathways), but particularly informative with regard to cancer induction. (who.int)

however, the influence of functional groups on the aromatic ring and the number of aromatic structures has not been comprehensively explored. (sc.edu)

Anatomy2

Organisms32

Chemicals and Drugs144

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Phenomena and Processes49

Disciplines and Occupations5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Health Care12

Polycyclic aromatic hyd6

Metabolism9

Bioactive compounds3

Metabolic pathways4

Exposure Pathways2

Catabolic pathway2

Degradation pathways1

Biosynthesis3

Microbial3

Oxidation4

Shikimate pathway3

Amino acids2

Catechol2

Rhodococcus opacus PD6301

Hydrocarbons2

Phenolic compounds4

Mechanisms5

Volatile organic c1

Lignin7

Chemically2

Bacterial1

Genes3

Terpenes3

Organic1

Phenylalanine1

Reactions5

Utilization1

Gluconeogenesis1

Enzymes3

Molecular1

Biochemical1

Toxic1

Synthesis3

Secondary2

Tolerance1

Organism1

Hydroxyl groups1

Parent compound1

Prediction1

Sulfur1

Stilbenes1

Cells2

Degrade1

Found4

Fermentation2

Inhibitory1

Mixtures1

Chemistry1

Chemical3

Determines1

Mechanistic1

Structures1