Pathways 2 using aromatic catechol 2 3 dioxygenase. Medical search. Frequent questions

The wild-type bacterium is able to colonize and break down a thin (0.2 mm thickness) film of low-crystallinity (soft) PET in approximately 6 weeks, and the responsible PETase enzyme was shown to degrade high-crystallinity (hard) PET approximately 30-fold slower (180 weeks or more than 3 years) than low-crystallinity PET. (wikipedia.org)
PAHs could be degraded by bacteria under aerobic conditions through the initial oxidation of the aromatic ring, which is catalyzed by the dioxygenase enzyme. (omicsonline.org)
The enzyme protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (3,4-PCD) catalyzes the ring cleavage of protocatechuate (PCA) in Acinetobacter baylyi. (uni-ulm.de)
Specific activities of Catechol-2,3-dioxygenase and effects of temperature and pH and their stabilities on the enzyme relative activities were observed. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
Dienelactone hydrolase (DLH), an enzyme from the beta-ketoadipate pathway, catalyzes the hydrolysis of dienelactone to maleylacetate. (inrae.fr)
The root-mean-square deviation from ideal bond distances for the model is 0.014 A and the error in atomic co-ordinates is estimated to be 0.15 A. DLH is a monomeric enzyme containing 236 amino acid residues and is a member of the beta-ketoadipate pathway found in bacteria and fungi. (inrae.fr)
An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between catechol and oxygen to yield benzoquinone and water. (lookformedical.com)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degrading bacteria can be isolated from polluted coastal environments. (omicsonline.org)
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one class of organic pollutants that are considered the most hazardous due to their toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties [ 1 ]. (omicsonline.org)
The analysis of both the metagenome of the consortium and the reconstructed metagenome-assembled genomes show that the most abundant bacterial genus in the consortium, Acidocella , possess many of the genes required for the degradation of diesel fuel aromatic hydrocarbons, which are often the most toxic component. (springeropen.com)

This series of steps is part of protocatechuate para-cleavage, link , or catechol degradation II, link . (lbl.gov)
In the convergent mode, structurally diverse aromatic compounds are converted to one of a few aromatic ring cleavage substrates such as catechol, gent sate, protocatechuate and their derivatives [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

low-molecular-weight (LMW) compounds consist of two or three rings, and high-molecular-weight (HMW) compounds, more than three rings [ 3 ]. (omicsonline.org)
Comment: (2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate (HPD) is a common intermediate in the aerobic degradation of many aromatic compounds. (lbl.gov)
Benzene compounds with dihydroxylated rings, e.g. catechol (1,2-benzenediol) and hydroquinone (1,4-benzenediol), are important intermediates in bacterial catabolism of aromatic compounds. (ethz.ch)
They play a key role in the metabolism of organic compounds by increasing their reactivity or water solubility or bringing about cleavage of the aromatic ring. (biomedcentral.com)
Many of these compounds have been reported to be toxic to the living organisms [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A number of bacteria that can degrade a variety of aromatic compounds have been identified and the pathways involved in the degradation have been extensively characterized [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Some of the enzymes which generate aromatic radicals that break down most prominent bacterial strains found were isolated and tax- the complex linkages present in lignin to compounds of lower onomically identified using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) se- molecular weight. (lu.se)
Two compounds, Compound 1 (1,4-dihydrophenanthrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid) and Compound 5 [8-(N-butyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl)-1,4-dihydrophenathrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid], with comparable potencies in vivo, were chosen to investigate the effect of the inhibition of the hydroxylation of newly synthesized uterine collagen on the turnover of this protein in vivo. (embl.de)

His primary areas of investigation include Organic chemistry, Toluene dioxygenase, Pseudomonas putida, Biochemistry and NAD+ kinase. (research.com)
The concepts of his Pseudomonas putida study are interwoven with issues in Escherichia coli, Electron donor, Dioxygenase, Dehydrogenase and Naphthalene. (research.com)
His Pseudomonas putida research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Nuclear chemistry, Escherichia coli, Toluene, Chromatography and Toluene dioxygenase. (research.com)
His Escherichia coli research integrates issues from Regioselectivity, Microorganism, Pseudomonas putida, Metabolite and Toluene dioxygenase. (research.com)
They isolated a Pseudomonas azelaica strain HPB1 which was able to degrade OPP through the production of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl. (nature.com)
Metabolism of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by Pseudomonas sp. (paperbase.net)

Plant-mediated effects on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation by bacteria in the rhizosphere of the salt marsh grasses, Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis. (nih.gov)
Peripheral enzymes, particularly oxygenases and dehydrogenases, were found to transform structurally diverse substrates into one of these central intermediates by bringing about the hydroxylation of the aromatic nucleus (Fig. 2A ), and hence it is thought that bacteria have developed these enzymes to extend their substrate range [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, a dioxygenase gene, nidA3B3, was detected in Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1 as an alternate degradation pathway which could catalyze both the initial dihydroxylation of pyrene [ 11 ] to be pyrene cis-4,5-dihydrodiol, and an alternate detoxification pyrene pathway to be pyrene cis-1,2-dihydrodiol [ 12 ]. (omicsonline.org)
6 identified a gene cluster, hbpCAD , encoding the upper metabolic pathway of OPP which involves the transformation of OPP to 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoateand benzoic acid (BA). (nature.com)
2006. Microbial dioxygenase gene population shifts during polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. (nih.gov)
For all significantly differentially expressed microRNAs inside of the 2 groups, we now have produced gene sets from their expressed target genes. (pdpksignaling.com)
Pathway examination We've got made use of Ingenuity Pathway Examination to de CX-4945 clinical trial cipher the attainable biological relevance of gene expres sion improvements established. (pdpksignaling.com)
Gene sets established both by in silico examination of mRNA expres sion, GSEA of microRNA and comparative genomic hybridization gene sets have been subjected to IPA and considerable pathways were in contrast to each other. (pdpksignaling.com)
Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) gene was found andamplified with the designed primers from the total DNA of C-14-1. (researchgate.net)

Comment: In MetaCyc pathway catechol degradation to HPD I (meta-cleavage, link ), dioxygenase xylE converts catechol to (2Z,4E)-2-hydroxy-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate (also known as 2-hydroxymuconate 6-semialdehyde). (lbl.gov)
The downstream transformation of BA involved a meta -cleavage pathway, although its genetic organization and function was not revealed and the overall network of genes driving the full metabolic pathway of OPP is still not known. (nature.com)
In this divergent mode, a metal-dependent dioxygenase channels these dihydroxylated intermediates into one of the two possible pathways: the meta -cleavage pathway or the ortho -cleavage pathway [ 7 - 9 ] (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

Once in the cell, the aromatic terephthalic acid molecule is oxidized by terephthalic acid-1,2-dioxygenase and 1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarboxylate dehydrogenase into a catechol intermediate. (wikipedia.org)
Dioxygenase NbaC cleaves the aromatic ring, yielding 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate 6-semialdehyde, a decarboxylase forms (2Z,4E)-2-aminomuconate semialdehyde, a dehydrogenase forms (2Z,4E)-2-aminomuconate, a deaminase forms (3E)-2-oxo-3-hexenedioate (also known as 2-oxalocrotonate), and a decarboxylase forms (2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate (HPD). (lbl.gov)
Comment: Dehydrogenase praB forms 2-hydroxymuconate, tautomerase praC forms (3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate (2-oxalocrotonate), and decarboxylase praD yields 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate (HPD). (lbl.gov)
aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Comment: 3-hydroxyanthranilate degradation is part of L-tryptophan degradation pathway XII ( link ). (lbl.gov)

2003. Characterization of a novel Acinetobacter species containing a toluene dioxygenase. (nih.gov)
Substrate specificity of catechol oxidase from Lycopus europaeus and characterization of the bioproducts of enzymic caffeic acid oxidation. (lookformedical.com)
1. Fischer, D., Ebenau-Jehle, C. and Grisebach, H. Phytoalexin synthesis in soybean: purification and characterization of NADPH:2'-hydroxydaidzein oxidoreductase from elicitor-challenged soybean cell cultures. (qmul.ac.uk)

In MetaCyc pathway catechol degradation III (ortho-cleavage, link ), the 1,2-dioxygenase catA forms cis,cis-muconate, a cycloisomerase forms (+)-muconolactone, an isomerase converts this to (4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate (also known as 3-oxoadipate enol lactone), and a hydrolase cleaves this to 3-oxoadipate. (lbl.gov)
2021. Differential roles of three different upper pathway meta ring cleavage product hydrolases in the degradation of dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran by Sphingomonas wittichii strain RW1. (nih.gov)
2021. Separate upper pathway ring cleavage dioxygenases are required for growth of Sphingomonas wittichii strain RW1 on dibenzofuran and dibenzo-p-dioxin. (nih.gov)
Dienelactone hydrolases play a crucial role in chlorocatechol degradation via the modified ortho cleavage pathway. (inrae.fr)

In A. baylyi this mechanism was investigated using the degradative pathways for the aromatic substrates and dicarboxylates. (uni-ulm.de)
Oxygenases belong to the oxidoreductive group of enzymes (E.C. Class 1), which oxidize the substrates by transferring oxygen from molecular oxygen (O 2 ) and utilize FAD/NADH/NADPH as the co-substrate. (biomedcentral.com)
Substrates containing a -COOH group are inhibitors for catechol oxidase. (lookformedical.com)

Crystal structure of naphthalene dioxygenase: side-on binding of dioxygen to iron. (research.com)
An integrated approach of bioassay and molecular docking to study the dihydroxylation mechanism of pyrene by naphthalene dioxygenase in Rhodococcus sp. (brenda-enzymes.org)

However, the microbial metabolic pathway of the fungicide and the genetic systems driving its degradation by strain P3 remain unknown. (nature.com)
Therefore, elucidation of the microbial metabolic pathway of OPP is a prerequisite for the downstream exploitation of strain P3 in any environmental application. (nature.com)

A blue white screening was established to identify mutants with acquired ability of 3,4-PCD to use catechol as substrate. (uni-ulm.de)
Analysis of 3,4-PCD activity toward catechol and PCA revealed further substitutions with changed substrate specificity. (uni-ulm.de)
The substrate specificity of catechol oxidase from Lycopus europaeus towards phenols is examined. (lookformedical.com)

Ideonella sakaiensis adhere to PET surface and use a secreted PET hydrolase, or PETase, to degrade the PET into mono(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalic acid (MHET), a heterodimer composed of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol. (wikipedia.org)
Comment: In pathway I, dioxygenase kynA opens the non-aromatic ring, to N-formyl-L-kynureine, a hydrolase yields L-kynurenine (and formate), and a hydrolase yields anthranilate and L-alanine. (lbl.gov)

His Toluene dioxygenase research includes themes of Indole test, Toluene, Spectrophotometry and Tryptophanase. (research.com)

However, the preferred hydroxylation site of ADB-FUBIATA, the indole/adjacent methylene, clearly differed from that of ADB-FUBICA, the 3,3-dimethylbutanamide moiety, despite their structures differing only by a methylene group, emphasizing that metabolic predictions of new drugs should not replace in vitro experimental analyses, albeit helpful. (bvsalud.org)

Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase is structurally similar to 3,4-PCD. (uni-ulm.de)

Further, the centralized degradation pathways mean synthesis of fewer degradative enzymes requiring less metabolic energy. (biomedcentral.com)

The bacterial catabolism of orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol) can be used as a model for the metabolism of other members of the resorcinol (1,3-benzenediol) compound family. (ethz.ch)
The structure-metabolism relationship was also discussed, which generally agreed well with previously reported metabolic pathways of other synthetic cannabinoids. (bvsalud.org)
These results contribute to a better more biomass-derived carbohydrates are also used for produc- understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in tion of chemicals, a further valorization of lignin is an essential terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for component. (lu.se)
Here, we focus on the recently obtained knowledge considering structural genes as well as transcriptional and post-translational regulators involved in the metabolic pathways underlying both appearance and internal quality such as those involved in chlorophyll, carotenoid, cell wall, central and secondary metabolism (Table 1 , Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

Overview: Tryptophan degradation in GapMind is based on MetaCyc degradation pathways I via anthranilate ( link ), II via pyruvate ( link ), or IX via 3-hydroxyanthranilate ( link ). (lbl.gov)
Comment: In MetaCyc pathway anthranilate degradation I ( link ), a dioxygenase cleaves off carbon dioxide and ammonia, leaving catechol. (lbl.gov)
In MetaCyc pathway anthranilate degradation IV ( link ), anthranilate hydroxylase/monooxygenase (hpaH) yields 3-hydroxyanthranilate. (lbl.gov)
Comment: There are two forms of anthranilate dioxygenase, 3-subunit antABC or 4-subunit andAabcd. (lbl.gov)

An analysis of the genome and its transcriptome revealed enzymes with biotechnological potential, such as two extracellular tannases (Atan1p and Atan2p) of the tannic-acid catabolic route, and a new pathway for the assimilation of n-butanol via butyric aldehyde and butyric acid. (biomedcentral.com)

The catechol ring is then cleaved by PCA 3,4-dioxygenase before the compound is integrated into other metabolic pathways (e.g. (wikipedia.org)

The other MetaCyc pathways do not yield fixed carbon or are not reported in prokaryotes, and are not included. (lbl.gov)
Pathways X and XIII yield indole-3-propionate, which may spontaneously oxidize to kynurate, but kynurate catabolism is not reported. (lbl.gov)

Oxygenases can further be grouped into two categories i.e. monooxygenases and dioxygenases on the basis of number of oxygen atoms used for oxidation. (biomedcentral.com)

Based on the complexity of the degradation pathways, the phenomenon of biodegradation is categorized into two types: convergent and divergent modes of degradation (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

Efficient FAD/FADH2 regeneration is vital for enzymatic biocatalysis and metabolic pathway optimization. (bvsalud.org)

The second ben/cat operon was located in a 92-kb scaffold along with (i) an operon ( opp ) comprising genes for the transformation of OPP to BA and 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate (and genes for its transformation) and (ii) an incomplete biphenyl catabolic operon ( bph ). (nature.com)

Here, both research concerning the dissection of fruit quality related metabolic changes, the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of these metabolic pathways are reviewed. (biomedcentral.com)

nidA and nidB genes are encoding genes for large and small subunits of napthalene-inducible dioxygenase [ 7 , 8 ]. (omicsonline.org)
Diverse organization of genes of the β-ketoadipate pathway in members of the marine Roseobacter lineage. (microbiologyresearch.org)
B, solute carrier relatives six member 2, solute carrier relatives 18 member one, and transcription factors and homeobox genes involved in neural crest derived cell de velopment, paired like homeobox 2a and 2b, GATA binding protein two and 3, heart and neural crest derivatives expressed two. (pdpksignaling.com)

Additional pathways are not included: the fate of 2-amino-5-oxocyclohex-1-enecarboxyl-CoA is not known ( link ), and anthraniloyl-CoA reductase (the only anaerobic route known, link ) has not been linked to sequence. (lbl.gov)

For example, pathway IV yields indole-3-lactate, which could potentially be oxidized to indole-3-acetate, which has a known catabolic pathway, but no prokaryotes are known to consume tryptophan this way. (lbl.gov)

Pathway VIII yields tryptophol (also known as indole-3-ethanol), which could potentially be oxidized to indole-3-acetate and consumed. (lbl.gov)
In pathway II, the tryptophan is hydrolyzed to indole and pyruvate, and the indole may be secreted (as in E. coli). (lbl.gov)
While indole diterpene (IDT) and rarely indole sesquiterpene (IST) pathways have been found individually in filamentous fungi, here we show that both cluster types are encoded within the genome of Tolypocladium album. (bvsalud.org)

In this investigation, random PCR mutagenesis has been carried out to explore the functional role of the R133 in 3,4-PCD. (uni-ulm.de)

Protein components of different pathways for carbon and nitrogen source utilization were identified, which so far has remained unexplored in yeast, offering clues for further biotechnological developments. (biomedcentral.com)
cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 2. (gsea-msigdb.org)

The PETase also degrades PET into another intermediate known as Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), BHET can be converted into MHET after PET hydrolysis. (wikipedia.org)

Therefore, engineering of Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase may be employed for application on bioremediation of polluted sites. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)

An organism which can initiate the pathway is given, but other organisms may also carry out later steps. (ethz.ch)

However, studies could show that a R133H substitution switches the specificity of 3,4-PCD towards catechol. (uni-ulm.de)

There are two separate search engines for searching into the database i.e. mono and dioxygenases database respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
A polypeptide cross-reactive to mono-specific anti-PPAE/IgG was transiently detected in the extract of eggs between 1 and 3 h after they were laid. (lookformedical.com)

l -3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine , is an amino acid that is made and used as part of the normal biology of some plants [3] and animals, including humans. (cloudfront.net)

Comment: MetaCyc pathway 3-oxoadipate degradation ( link ) involves activation by CoA (using succinyl-CoA) and a thiolase (succinyltransferase) reaction that splits it to acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA. (lbl.gov)
In the reverse reaction, the 2'-hydroxyisoflavone (2'-hydroxydaidzein) is reduced to an isoflavanone. (qmul.ac.uk)

cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C m. (gsea-msigdb.org)

Anatomy1

Organisms24

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care3

Enzyme7

Hydrocarbons3

Protocatechuate2

Compounds8

Pseudomonas6

Bacteria2

Gene7

Meta-cleavage3

Dehydrogenase4

Degradation pathway1

Characterization3

Cleavage4

Substrates3

Naphthalene dioxygenase2

Microbial2

Substrate3

Hydrolase2

Toluene1

Hydroxylation1

Structurally1

Degradative1

Metabolism4

Anthranilate4

Enzymes1

Compound1

Yield2

Oxidation1

Biodegradation1

Metabolic pathway1

Biphenyl1

Transcriptional1

Genes3

Reductase1

Catabolic1

Indole3

Investigation1

Protein2

Intermediate1

Bioremediation1

Organism1

Specificity1

Mono2

Acid1

Reaction2

Cytochrome1