Pathway mainly regulates cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

Lgl1 controls NG2 endocytic pathway to regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation and asymmetric cell division and gliomagenesis. (escholarship.org)
MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
TGF-β regulates a variety of different cellular developmental processes including growth, differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Activation of mTOR-dependent pathways regulates the specification and differentiation of CD4 + T effector cell subsets. (jci.org)
We speculate that Ad36 may induce adipocyte differentiation and changes of glucose and lipid metabolism by regulating PI3K/Akt/FoxO1/PPARγ signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K, was used to further investigate the role of transcription factors FoxO1 and PPARγ and their downstream target genes in promoting adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, and in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
The differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells, termed decidualization, is an integral step in the establishment of pregnancy. (bioone.org)
Gene ontology and upstream regulator pathway analysis showed that WNK1 regulates cell migration, differentiation, and proliferation. (bioone.org)
Signaling through CysLT1R results in increased proliferation, survival and migration of intestinal epithelial cells, whereas signaling through CysLT2R leads to differentiation of colorectal cancer cells. (lu.se)

This photic resetting involves cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)-mediated upregulation of Per genes within individual cells of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). (ox.ac.uk)
A total of 15 septic patients, five with sepsis, five with severe sepsis, and five with septic shock, in addition to five healthy volunteers were enrolled.Interventions: None.Measurements and Main Results: the Human-TLR Signaling Pathway, which comprises 84 genes related to TLR-mediated signal transduction, was evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction in PBMC and neutrophils obtained from patients and controls. (unifesp.br)
However, the differential gene expression was restricted to five down-regulated genes in septic shock patients, which are found in the effector and downstream pathways. (unifesp.br)
Patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock presented a broad gene upregulation, which included all functional groups evaluated and persisted throughout the stages of the disease.Conclusions: TLR-signaling pathway genes are differently regulated in PBMC and neutrophils of septic patients, and are dynamically modulated throughout the different stages of sepsis. (unifesp.br)
Thompson is known for identifying genes, proteins and mechanisms involved in epithelial polarity, morphogenesis and cell signaling via the Wnt and Hippo signaling pathways, which have key roles in human cancer. (wikipedia.org)
HBP genes were overexpressed in human prostate cancers and androgen regulated in cultured human cancer cell lines. (ox.ac.uk)
In particular, c-MYC was identified as a candidate upstream regulator of OGT target genes and OGT inhibition elicited a dose-dependent decrease in the levels of c-MYC protein but not c-MYC mRNA in cell lines. (ox.ac.uk)
Collectively, these results showed that luteolin plays an important role in the treatment of human choriocarcinoma cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/SREBP cascade and expression of lipogenic genes. (ewha.ac.kr)
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that LAYN and its coexpressed genes primarily participated in immune response pathways, and LAYN expression was found significantly correlated with tumor immune cell infiltration in LIHC tissues. (hindawi.com)
The coexpressed genes and functional enrichment pathways were predicted. (hindawi.com)
Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is a key transcription factor (TF) that regulates a common set of genes related to the cell cycle in various cell types. (mdpi.com)
The comprehensive transcriptome analysis from KPNA3 knockdown cells indicated that KPNA3 is involved in the regulation of numerous EMT-related genes, including the downregulation of GATA3 and E-cadherin and the up-regulation of HAS2. (bmbreports.org)
Therefore, understanding the intricate network among EMT-related genes in various cancers will provide insight into the differences in EMT-mediated metastatic pathways and lead to the development of advanced antimetastatic therapies. (bmbreports.org)
In this study, it was found that KPNA3 regulates numerous EMT-related genes and induces the EMT process via at least two independent signaling pathways in the highly invasive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231. (bmbreports.org)
This abrogated expression of the decidual marker genes, insulin like growth factor binding protein 1 ( IGFBP1 ) and prolactin ( PRL ), and prevented adoption of decidual cell morphology. (bioone.org)
Analysis of the WNK1-dependent transcriptome by RNA-Seq demonstrated that WNK1 regulates the expression of 1858 genes during decidualization. (bioone.org)

Activation of macrophages by SBP eventually led to endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tubule formation and increased the expression of p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 proteins in the downstream PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk1/2 signaling pathways related to angiogenesis, respectively. (visualsonics.com)
Based on these findings, we concluded that PI3K and NF- B signaling pathways play a critical role in CCR7-mediated IL-23 production in murine DCs. (listlabs.com)
Furthermore, the effects of PGM1 were related to the PI3K/ AKT pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
We verified that PGM1 suppresses CRC progression via the PI3K/AKT pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
We identified a new mechanism by which PGM1 suppresses CRC progression by regulating glucose translocation via the PI3K/AKT pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we studied on the effects and molecular mechanisms of Rhizoma coptidis on NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K-Akt/AMPK/ERS and oxidative stress pathways. (springer.com)
Evidence presented in this review implicated that Rhizoma coptidis exerted beneficial effects on various diseases by regulation of NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K-Akt/AMPK/ERS and oxidative stress pathways, which support the clinical application of Rhizoma coptidis and offer references for future researches. (springer.com)
In this review, we sorted out the relationship of Rhizoma coptidis among components, diseases and NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K/Akt/AMPK/ERS/oxidative stress pathways, systematically studying on how Rhizoma coptidis exerts beneficial effects to various diseases, which supported the clinical application of Rhizoma coptidis and provided references for the future researches. (springer.com)
Thompson's lab discovered several components of the Hippo signaling pathway in Drosophila melanogaster (including Kibra, Spectrins, Mask) and that this pathway functions to sense mechanical strain during development of epithelial cells in vivo, as well as to sense nutritional status via the hormonal Insulin/IGF-1 and PI3K-Akt pathway, in order to control cell proliferation, cellular morphology, and invasive cell migration. (wikipedia.org)
Ad36 may promote fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, and improve insulin sensitivity by affecting the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1/PPARγ signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
FPMH also modulated signaling through the PI3K and MAPK pathways. (korea.ac.kr)
The results also suggested that the PI3K/AKT pathway was inhibited by luteolin treatment of JAR and JEG-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (ewha.ac.kr)
Next, we established effects of luteolin in the presence of pharmacological inhibitors of PI3K/AKT, ERK1/2 MAPK, and mTOR on proliferation of JAR and JEG-3 cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
It specifically negatively regulates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to induce cell cycle arrest. (medscape.com)

This study examines the effect of RPL5 on the progression of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), including cell proliferation, migration and determines its underlying molecular mechanism using CRC cell lines in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings suggest that RPL5 plays an important role in regulating COAD progression and may serve as a prognostic biomarker for COAD. (biomedcentral.com)
Aberrant activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is an important step in the initiation and progression of tumor development in diverse cancers. (nih.gov)
Microarray profiling showed that the principal effects of OGT inhibition in prostate cancer cells were related to cell-cycle progression and DNA replication. (ox.ac.uk)
Our study thus clarifies a new mechanism that DNMT1/miR-124/BCAT1 axis regulates the development and progression of ESCC. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings prompted us to investigate the role of DNMT/miR-124/BCAT1 axis in regulating development and progression of ESCC. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings high-light progesterone receptor activation of extranuclear signaling pathways in regulating p53 and cell cycle progression in HUVECs. (tmu.edu.tw)
Ranjan J. Perera, Ph.D., associate professor of oncology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and colleagues report that using a specialized transcript sequencing method called BRIC-seq, they have identified highly stable and unstable mRNA gene transcripts that participate in cell growth and invasion during melanoma progression. (news-medical.net)
Identify targetable mechanisms and pathways underlying initiation and progression of SIDD. (lu.se)
These studies provide more evidence that CysLT1R and CysLT2R have opposite functions in colon cancer progression, and we now know how to regulate their expression. (lu.se)

the changes of proteins related to MAPK/ERK signaling pathway were also detected using western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively, RPL5 promoted colon cell proliferation and migration, at least in part, by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
RPL5 promoted colon cell proliferation and migration, at least in part, by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for cancers in which MAPK/ERK signaling is a dominant feature. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we demonstrate that RPL5 promotes COAD cell proliferation and migration via the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway led to increase in EGFR expression but surprisingly, reduced proliferation. (oncotarget.com)
These data suggest that p38 MAPK control of EGFR signaling activity may alter GSC cell cycle state by regulating quiescence and passage into transit amplifying state. (oncotarget.com)

PGM1 knockdown stimulated both cell proliferation and colony formation, and inhibited cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, while overexpression of PGM1 produced the opposite effects in CRC cells both in vivo and in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
In the cytoplasm, the encoded protein may function to regulate apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
These induce extracellular Daxx to translocalize into the cytoplasm following an association with ASK1 (Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1). (wikipedia.org)
The results showed that FPMH dose-dependently reduced MAC-T cell viability following exposure to FPMH and induced mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis. (korea.ac.kr)
Results of the present study revealed that luteolin decreased viability of JAR and JEG-3 cells, which are valuable placental models, in a dose-dependent manner, and it induced apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in JAR and JEG-3 cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
The absence of NuRD triggers apoptosis via the EGL-1-CED-9-CED-4-CED-3 pathway, while an ectopic gain of NuRD enables apoptotic daughter cells to survive. (elifesciences.org)
The authors propose that the asymmetric segregation of the NuRD complex in C. elegans is regulated in a V-ATPase-dependent manner, that this plays a crucial role in determining the differential expression of the apoptosis activator egl-1 and that it is therefore critical for the life/death fate decision in this species. (elifesciences.org)
In addition, it can stimulate apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
Silencing of Chl1 in INS-1 cells was done to assess its impact on the insulin secretion, content, cell viability, and apoptosis. (lu.se)
Cell viability, apoptosis, and proliferation rate were not affected. (lu.se)

Results: The in vitro experiment results showed that SBP could significantly increase the expression of mRNAs and proteins associated with angiogenesis in endothelial cells by activating macrophages to release pro-angiogenic factors such as Vegf-a. (visualsonics.com)
AtT-20 cells are a mouse pituitary cell line that can store proteins in a regulated fashion. (rupress.org)
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) senses metabolic status and produces an essential substrate for O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT), which glycosylates and thereby modulates the function of its target proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
The morphological and functional changes of platelets require a drastic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton regulated by numerous actin-binding proteins and signaling molecules such as the family of Rho-GTPases. (uni-muenchen.de)
MiRNAs are characterized by binding the 3 - UTR of special mRNA to regulate the expression of the related proteins [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Potent Cas9 Inhibition in Bacterial and Human Cells by AcrIIC4 and AcrIIC5 Anti-CRISPR Proteins. (umassmed.edu)
In mammals, PTCH1 is an important inhibitor in the so-called hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway, whose downstream proteins can lead to cell growth. (medscape.com)

Detailed molecular analyzes showed that SLAMF1 and SLAMF7 receptors mediate their BCR pathway antagonistic effects via recruitment of prohibitin-2 (PHB2) thereby impairing its role in signal transduction downstream the IGHV-mutant IgM-BCR. (nature.com)
EGFR pathway is upregulated in malignant gliomas, and its downstream signaling is important for self-renewal of glioma cancer stem-like cells (GSC). (oncotarget.com)
The small GTPase Rho can regulate several aspects of cellular function, predominantly through its downstream effector Rho-kinase. (uni-muenchen.de)
However, the signaling pathways downstream of p75 NTR that control growth cone functions, such as filopodial behavior, remain undefined. (jneurosci.org)
SUFU , a cytoplasmic complex, is also a member of the HH pathway downstream from PTCH1 and PTCH2 , and involved in both NBCCS and medulloblastoma development. (medscape.com)

Protein collected from cells infected or uninfected using RIPA lysis buffer. (cdc.gov)
P-selectin, a granule membrane protein of platelets and endothelial cells, follows the regulated secretory pathway in AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
P-selectin (PADGEM, GMP-140, CD62) is a transmembrane protein specific to alpha granules of platelets and Weibel-Palade bodies of endotheial cells. (rupress.org)
To investigate whether the mechanism of targeting of P-selectin to granules is specific for megakaryocytes and endothelial cells and/or dependent on von Willebrand factor, a soluble adhesive protein that is stored in the same granules, we have expressed the cDNA for P-selectin in AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
In conclusion, we provide evidence for the regulated secretion of a transmembrane protein (P-selectin) in a heterologous cell line, which indicates that P-selectin contains an independent sorting signal directing it to storage granules. (rupress.org)
The ribosomal protein RPL5 is a component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for protein synthesis in cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The central effector of canonical Wnt signaling, β-catenin (CTNNB1), is a multifunctional protein, and has been extensively studied with respect to its roles in cell-cell adhesion and in regulation of Wnt-driven transcription. (nih.gov)
Here, a novel mass spectrometry-based proteomics technique in colorectal cancer cells expressing stabilized β-catenin, was used to identify a protein-protein interaction between β-catenin and DNA methyltransferase I (Dnmt1) protein, the primary regulator of DNA methylation patterns in mammalian cells. (nih.gov)
Dnmt1 and β-catenin strongly colocalized in the nuclei of colorectal cancer cells, and the interaction is mediated by the central domain of the Dnmt1 protein. (nih.gov)
Dnmt1 protein abundance is dependent upon the levels of β-catenin, and is increased in cells expressing stabilized mutant β-catenin. (nih.gov)
This sequence is raft associated and sufficient to target PC1 (its native molecule) or a reporter protein to the regulated secretory pathways. (nih.gov)
Mechanistically, we found that U-73122 inhibited DES-induced activation of cAMP- response element binding protein (CREB) in gubernaculum testis cells . (bvsalud.org)
AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
After Fas stimulation, Daxx is activated and plays its role of pro-apoptotic protein in activating the c-JUN-N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) pathway. (wikipedia.org)
The growth hormone (GH) receptor (GHR) is a mammalian plasma membrane protein whose internalization is mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. (portlandpress.com)
Rho-kinase regulates a second pathway that involves activation of LIM-kinases (LIMKs) and subsequent phosphorylation and inactivation of cofilin, an actin dynamizing protein. (uni-muenchen.de)
PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
The SAP49 protein may also be involved in a chemical signaling pathway known as the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) pathway. (medlineplus.gov)
The SAP49 protein is particularly important for the maturation of cells that build bones and cartilage (osteoblasts and chondrocytes). (medlineplus.gov)
It has shown that miR-429 could inhibit the development of colorectal cancer via targeting in large tumor suppressor kinase (LATS2), and decreased miR-429 could promote the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) to attenuate the neuronal injury induced by accumulation of amyloid β -protein [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Using a small noncoding RNA, microRNA 211, and tools that track the stability and decay of the protein-coding and noncoding RNAs in lab-grown melanoma cells, a team led by a Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center researcher identified highly unstable RNA molecules in human melanomas , including a novel miR-211 target gene DUSP3. (news-medical.net)
Generally, Perera says, scientists approach their studies of the genetics of melanoma by looking to see which gene and protein products are up- or down-regulated in tumor cells compared with normal skin progenitors. (news-medical.net)
[ 17 , 18 ] TCF7L2 protein is increased during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and in primary adipocyte stem cells. (medscape.com)
Using SILAC and quantitative mass spectrometry, we examined the effects of activation of the miR-17-92 cluster on global protein expression in neuroblastoma (NB) cells. (lu.se)
it occurs when mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a serum protein, binds to mannose, fucose, or N -acetylglucosamine groups on bacterial cell walls, yeast walls, or viruses. (msdmanuals.com)

Since the processing enzymes (PC1, PC2 and CPE) are active only within the high Ca 2+, low pH environment of the secretory granule, they must be sorted along with their prohormone substrates to the regulated secretory pathway. (nih.gov)

In the work presented here, we provide compelling data that SLAMF1 and SLAMF7 receptors may not only enhance immune control of CLL but also negatively regulate BCR signaling and thereby impact sensitivity towards BTK inhibition in the substantial fraction of patients with SLAMF1 or SLAMF7 expressing M-CLL. (nature.com)
This suggests unoccupied p75 NTR negatively regulates filopodia length. (jneurosci.org)

PGM1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) proliferation and growth by utilizing sufficient extracellular glucose to convert glycogen, while deletion of the PGM1 gene inhibits glycogen synthesis and leads to glycolysis of additional glucose, thus promoting tumor cell proliferation and growth [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
ERS pathways are triggered by the unbalance of ER environment, including hypoxia, disturbance of Ca 2+ homeostasis and glucose starvation. (springer.com)
Glucose breakdown produces ROS, which leads to Daxx production and relocalization, activating JNK pathway in turn. (wikipedia.org)
The HBMECs were treated with oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) to establish the ischemic cell model. (hindawi.com)
SNAI2, an angiogenesis-related factor, was highly expressed under the high glucose condition and also led to viability and migration of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Finally, TCF7L2 polymorphisms have been associated with impaired insulin secretion, glucose production, and glucose tolerance via direct effects on pancreatic islet beta cells. (medscape.com)

Our findings provide the first evidence that PLC-Ca2+ -CREB signalling pathway mediates the nongenomic effects of diethylstilbestrol on gubernaculum testis cells . (bvsalud.org)

The aim of the present study was to determine the pro-angiogenic effects and mechanism of SBP during inflammation or ischemic pathological conditions and elucidate its regulatory effects on endothelial cell function and signaling pathways mediated by macrophages. (visualsonics.com)
We also performed cell proliferation, cell migration and tubule formation in vitro experiments to assess the effects of SBP on endothelial cell function and signaling pathways by stimulating macrophage activity. (visualsonics.com)
Conclusion: Shexiang Baoxin Pills can promote angiogenesis by activating macrophages to regulate endothelial cell function and signal transduction pathways. (visualsonics.com)
LINC00926 is involved in hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial cell dysfunction via miR-3194-5p regulating JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. (nih.gov)

The Rho family of GTPases regulate the actin cytoskeleton. (jneurosci.org)

A previous study demonstrated that SLAMF1, SLAMF2, and SLAMF7 receptors are rather downregulated on CLL cells as compared to their normal B cell counterpart [ 12 ], suggesting that high expression of these molecules may have detrimental (e.g., antiproliferative) effects in the CLL context. (nature.com)
At the level of the cell, Daxx is found in the cytoplasm, interacting with Fas-receptor or other cytoplasmic molecules, as well as in the nucleus, where it interacts with some subnuclear structures. (wikipedia.org)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
The expression of key molecules of β-cell function including Insulin, Pdx1, Gck, Glut2, and Insrβ was down-regulated in Chl1 -silenced cells at transcriptional and translational levels. (lu.se)
Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)
Deficiencies are highly variable with regard to symptoms, phenotype, genotype, severity, etc, because many cells and molecules are required for both natural and adaptive immunity . (lu.se)

In contrast, the surface expression of P-selectin transfected into CHO cells, which do not have a regulated pathway of secretion, did not change with 8-Br-cAMP treatment. (rupress.org)
It was observed that LPA-stimulated dense granule secretion is mainly regulated by Rho-kinase, whereas secretion induced by thrombin was only in part Rho-kinase-dependent. (uni-muenchen.de)
Together, these results show that Rho-kinase regulates the F-actin increase underlying shape change and secretion, but it is not directly involved in aggregation. (uni-muenchen.de)
Since the kinetics of cofilin phospho-cycle was similar during secretion and platelet aggregation in LPA- and thrombin-stimulated cells, I propose a general two-step regulatory process for cofilin phospho-cycle underlying primarily secretion, and subsequently platelet aggregation: dephosphorylation by a cofilin phosphatase and then rephosphorylation by the Rho-kinase/LIMK-1 pathway. (uni-muenchen.de)
In this study, we performed a serial of studies to investigate how Chl1 affects insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. (lu.se)
Silencing of Chl1 in INS-1 cells markedly reduced insulin content and secretion. (lu.se)
Silencing of Chl1 impairs β-cell function by disrupting the activity of key signaling pathways of importance for insulin biosynthesis and secretion. (lu.se)
While the characterization of the chitinases has deserved much attention, how fungi regulate the secretion of these enzymes remains poorly explored, although they might have significant consequences for forest carbon storage and primary productivity. (lu.se)

In addition, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) integrated with PCR array data showed that the JAK1/STAT3 pathway was significantly altered by cells overexpressing DEFB1 , suggesting that this may be one of the pathways by which defensin regulates IAV replication in HBEpCs. (cdc.gov)
In conclusion, the reduction in IAV copy number in DEFB1 overexpressing cells suggests that β-defensin-1 plays a key role in regulating IAV survival through STAT3 and is a potential target for antiviral drug development. (cdc.gov)
GLP-2 reduced the degree of inflammation in UC mice, which may be achieved by inhibiting the inflammatory pathways of NF-κB and Janus Kinase (JAK) /STAT3, increasing the dominant bacteria and improving the diversity of gut microbiota. (researchsquare.com)
There is growing evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines and Janus Kinase (JAK) / signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway play an important role in the pathogenesis of human UC and experimental colitis[4]. (researchsquare.com)
After STAT3 activation, nuclear factor (NF) -κB enter the nucleus, bind to the promoter of the target gene, and induce pro-inflammatory mediators such as InducibleNitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) , Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) , Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) ,to reactivate the JAK/STAT3 pathway, thus forming a malignant pro-inflammatory cycle[6]. (researchsquare.com)

Luteolin is a natural compound known for its anticancer effects on various human cancers by regulating signal transduction cascades. (ewha.ac.kr)

In conclusion, the present study confirmed that GRh2 could reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiomyocytes after reperfusion, and its mechanism of action may be related to its regulation of the Nrf2/HO‑1/NLRP3 signalling pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) is a nonsteroidal synthetic estrogen that disrupts the morphology and proliferation of gubernaculum testis cells , but the underlying mechanism is unclear. (bvsalud.org)
On the other hand, we clarified the upstream mechanism regulating miR-124-3p expression in ESCC, which involves in the hypermethylation-silencing regulation mediated by DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1), which is of high expression in ESCC tissues and cell lines in the present study. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, the current study evaluated the mechanism underlying the mediated cell migration by the S‑PRG solution and revealed that it activated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), but not of p38. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)

Significant downregulation of β-defensin1 gene ( DEFB1 ) expression was observed when human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) were exposed to IAV. (cdc.gov)
Binding experiments with radiolabeled monoclonal antibody to P-selectin indicated that there was also surface expression of P-selectin on the AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
The expression level of RPL5 in colon cancer tissues and cell lines was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and NCM460 cells, respectively, and its expression level was higher in HCT116 cells and RKO cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanistic studies revealed that the expression of p-MEK1/2, p-ERK, c-Myc were down-regulated, and the expression of FOXO3 was up-regulated after down-regulation of RPL5, ERK activator (TBHQ) could partially reverse the above-mentioned effects caused by siRPL5. (biomedcentral.com)
This study aimed to evaluate the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and neutrophils in patients throughout the different stages of sepsis.Design: Prospective, observational study.Settings. (unifesp.br)
the told change ratios in PBMC gene expression between septic patients and healthy controls revealed a dynamic process according to the stage of sepsis, tending toward down-regulation of the TLR signaling pathway in PBMC in the more severe forms of the disease. (unifesp.br)
No expression of Daxx leads to malfunction of S phase and cells with two nuclei are formed. (wikipedia.org)
We also determined levels of SREBP1 and SREBP2 expression to investigate regulatory functions of luteolin in lipid metabolism in JAR and JEG-3 cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
The expression and function of miR-124-3p and BCAT1 in two cell lines KYSE-150 and Eca109 were determined. (biomedcentral.com)
We show downregulation of miR-124-3p expression in ESCC tissues, which is highly correlated with proliferation and migration of ESCC cell lines KYSE-150 and Eca109. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, miR-124-3p directly targets mRNA 3'UTR region of BCAT1, which results in upregulation of BCAT1 expression as observed in ESCC tissues and cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
With the study of loss-of-function and gain-of-function in DNMT/miR-124/BCAT1, we showed that downregulation of hsa-miR-124-3p in ESCC tissues and cells contributed to the upregulation of BCAT1 expression, which enhanced the proliferation and invasion of ESCC. (biomedcentral.com)
Hsu, SP & Lee, WS 2011, ' Progesterone receptor activation of extranuclear signaling pathways in regulating p53 expression in vascular endothelial cells ', Molecular Endocrinology , 卷 25, 編號 3, 頁 421-432. (tmu.edu.tw)
Long non-coding RNA LINC00926 regulates WNT10B signaling pathway thereby altering inflammatory gene expression in PTSD. (nih.gov)
p53 is a transcription factor whose expression is increased by DNA damage and blocks cell division at the G1 phase of the cell cycle to allow DNA repair. (medscape.com)
In general, our data provided evidence that HCG18/hsa-mir-148a-regulated high expression of LAYN is associated with immune cell infiltration and unfavorable prognosis of LIHC patients. (hindawi.com)
The qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression levels of the miR-429 in the serums of the patients or cells, and CCK-8, wound healing assay, and tube formation assay were used to observe the effects of miR-429 on the phenotype of HBMECs. (hindawi.com)
Besides, the Western blot showed that miR-429 could affect the activity of GSK-3 β / β -catenin pathway via inhibiting the expression of SNAI2. (hindawi.com)
In a melanoma cell line that normally lacks miR-211, the researchers introduced miR-211 expression and then used the BRIC-seq method to investigate transcriptome stability dynamics in the presence/absence of miR-211. (news-medical.net)

Other studies showed that lack of Daxx gene caused a higher apoptotic rate in embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
According to the prediction of bioinformatics software of Miranda, we showed that 5′-UTR regions of hsa-miR-124-3p, a mature sequence of human miR-124 precursor, could bind to 3′-UTR region of branched chain amino acid transaminase 1(BCAT1) gene, the enzyme that catalyzes branched-chain alpha-keto acids to branched-chain L-amino acids essential for cell growth [ 15 , 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) module of this website was used to predict the LAYN-related cellular processes and pathways. (hindawi.com)
When caused by mutations in the SF3B4 gene, Nager syndrome follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
which means both copies of a gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
One gene, dual specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3), regulates important melanoma signaling pathways. (news-medical.net)
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), also known as basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS), represents a series of multiorgan abnormalities known to be the consequence of abnormalities in the PTCH gene. (medscape.com)

Oxidative stress pathways are caused by the imbalance of oxidation and antioxidation in body. (springer.com)
Oxidative stress pathways regulate redox balance by Nrf2 and other ways. (springer.com)
In this review we deal in the molecular mechanisms, the epigenetic effects and modulation of the oxidative stress pathway of ketogenic diets, that underlie its possible role, in the treatment of infantile gliomas, as a complementary approach to conventional cancer therapy. (frontiersin.org)

He earned his PhD degree at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology and University of Cambridge (United Kingdom), where he studied the Wnt signaling pathway in Drosophila melanogaster with Dr Mariann Bienz. (wikipedia.org)
His laboratory works on the molecular mechanisms of epithelial polarity, including both apical-basal polarity and planar cell polarity, using Drosophila melanogaster epithelial tissues as an experimental model system. (wikipedia.org)
Both paths utilized the same intracellular molecular events, which have different spatial and temporal arrangements and are regulated by the kinetics of Ca(2+)-mediated signaling. (ox.ac.uk)

Knockdown of RPL5 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT16 and RKO cells, and arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, TBHQ could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of siRPL5 on the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The human gingival fibroblast cell line HGF‑1 was treated with various dilutions of an eluent solution of S‑PRG, which contained 32.0 ppm Al, 1,488.6 ppm B, 505.0 ppm Na, 12.9 ppm Si, 156.5 ppm Sr and 136.5 ppm F. Treatment with eluate at a dilution of 1:10,000 was observed to significantly promote the migration of HGF‑1 cells. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
Furthermore, treatment with a MEK inhibitor blocked the cell migration induced by the solution. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
Taken together, these results suggest that S‑PRG fillers can stimulate HGF‑1 cell migration via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, indicating that a dental material containing this type of filler is useful for oral mucosa homeostasis and wound healing. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)

abstract = "We previously showed that progesterone (P4) inhibited the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through a p53-dependent pathway. (tmu.edu.tw)

Many cancers re-emerge after treatment, despite the sensitivity of the bulk of tumor cells to treatments. (mdpi.com)
This observation has led to the 'cancer stem cell' (CSCs) hypothesis, stating that a subpopulation of cancer cells survive therapy and lead to tumor relapse. (mdpi.com)
survive in tumor cells before they degrade. (news-medical.net)

Understanding the mTOR signaling pathway via mathematical modeling. (crossref.org)
There he studied the role of the Hippo signaling pathway during Drosophila development. (wikipedia.org)
The Hippo-Salvador signaling pathway regulates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. (nih.gov)
Taken together, our data suggest that the cSrc/Kras/Raf-1/ERK2/NF- κB signaling pathway contributes to the P4-induced up-regulation of p53 in HUVECs. (tmu.edu.tw)
The signaling pathway Rho-kinase/LIMKs/cofilin phosphorylation during platelet activation and the question, how the phosphorylation of cofilin affects the actin dynamics underlying platelet activation, has not previously been studied. (uni-muenchen.de)
Ge Y, Hong M, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li L, Zhu H, Sheng Y, Wu W-S, Zhang Z. miR-30e-5p regulates leukemia stem cell self-renewal through the Cyb561/ROS signaling pathway. (haematologica.org)
This signaling pathway regulates various cellular processes and is involved in the growth of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
GSEA showed that the insulin-signaling pathway was influenced in Chl1 -silenced cells. (lu.se)

LINC00926 promotes pyroptosis of hypoxia-induced human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells by recruiting ELAVL1]. (nih.gov)

Previous studies suggested that LAYN is involved in cancer cell invasion and could serve as a prognostic biomarker in human cancers [ 6 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

As IL-23 contributes to Th17 cell generation, and Th17 cells are pathogenic in autoimmune diseases, precise elucidation of these mechanisms would contribute to the development of strategies to control autoimmune diseases. (listlabs.com)
Here we explore potential mechanisms how the proliferation and contractility of gubernaculum testis cells are regulated by diethylstilbestrol . (bvsalud.org)
Mechanical stress induces auto/paracrine ATP release from various cell types, but the mechanisms underlying this release are not well understood. (silverchair.com)
In addition, these inhibitors were used to verify phosphorylation of AKT, GSK3beta, and ERK1/2 and to confirm mechanisms regulated by luteolin in JAR and JEG-3 cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
Asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) generate two daughter cells with identical genetic information but distinct cell fates through epigenetic mechanisms. (elifesciences.org)
Both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms determine distinct daughter cell fates after ACD. (elifesciences.org)
Caenorhabditis elegans represents a valuable model for investigating ACD, given its invariant cell lineage and conserved mechanisms of ACD. (elifesciences.org)
Therefore, considering the common ancestries, similar mechanisms, similar goals, and similar structures between gut microbiota and mitochondria ( Franco-Obregon and Gilbert, 2017 ), is it possible that neural mitochondria are direct targets of intestinal microflora and function as key mediators regulating gut-brain interaction? (frontiersin.org)
[ 16 ] Potential mechanisms through which TCF7L2 variants influence T2DM include its role in adipogenesis, myogenesis, and pancreatic islet development, as well as in beta-cell survival and insulin secretory granule function. (medscape.com)
The mechanisms by which neurotrophins regulate growth cone motility are unclear. (jneurosci.org)

Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) represent a crucial and rare subset of cells within acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that play a pivotal role in the initiation, maintenance, and relapse of AML. (haematologica.org)
Glioblastomas are intrinsic brain tumors believed to originate from neuroglial stem or progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
Leukocytes are produced in stem cells in bone marrow. (lu.se)

Since SLAMF receptors play a role in NK cell biology, we reasoned that these receptors may impact NK cell-mediated CLL immunity. (nature.com)
Overexpression of SLAMF1 or SLAMF7 in IGHV mutated CLL cell models resulted in reduced proliferation and impaired responses to BCR ligation, whereas the knockout of both receptors showed opposing effects and increased sensitivity toward inhibition of components of the BCR pathway. (nature.com)
Together, our data indicate that SLAMF receptors are important modulators of the BCR signaling axis and may improve immune control in CLL by interference with NK cells. (nature.com)
Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family (SLAMF) receptors are a group of nine type I transmembrane receptors that are mainly expressed on a variety of immune cells. (nature.com)
In B cells, this class of receptors has been shown to be expressed in distinct patterns associated with development and activation [ 11 ]. (nature.com)

They are known to be involved in the regulation of NK and T cell responses, mostly by homotypic interactions except for SLAMF2 (CD48) and SLAMF4 that interact with each other [ 10 ]. (nature.com)
This pathway provides a potential target for the regulation of circadian rhythms. (ox.ac.uk)
Objectives: Up- and down-regulation of inflammatory response was described in blood cells from septic patients, according to the stage of sepsis and the cells evaluated. (unifesp.br)
AMPK pathways are energy regulation pathways. (springer.com)
It has been associated with heterochromatin and PML-NBs (Promyelocytic Leukaemia nuclear bodies) and has been implicated in many nuclear processes including transcription and cell cycle regulation. (wikipedia.org)
and negative regulation of cell population proliferation. (nih.gov)
To further analyze neurotrophin regulation of growth cone behaviors, we examined the role of p75 NTR in regulating filopodial dynamics in peripheral and CNS neurons. (jneurosci.org)

Upon stimulation of these cells, P-selectin is translocated to the plasma membrane where it functions as a receptor for monocytes and neutrophils. (rupress.org)
Since the SLAMF low signature was strongly associated with an unmutated CLL immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGHV) status in large datasets, we investigated the impact of SLAMF1 and SLAMF7 on the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling axis. (nature.com)
B cell receptor (BCR) signaling plays a critical role in driving proliferation and survival of the malignant clone in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), supported by the clinical activity of inhibitors targeted toward BCR-associated kinases [ 1 ]. (nature.com)
A possible role for the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the degradation of the receptor and ligand is discussed. (portlandpress.com)
Kinetics of early T cell receptor signaling regulate the pathway of lytic granule delivery to the secretory domain. (ox.ac.uk)
This work package utilises our large islet RNA data sets as well as a new human islet cell encyclopedia generated by single-cell RNA sequencing, and focuses on miRNA translation pathways, membrane receptor and intracellular Ca2+ signalling pathways. (lu.se)

Since mitochondria emerged from bacterial ancestors during endosymbiosis, mitochondria, and bacteria had analogous genomic characteristics, similar bioactive compounds and comparable energy metabolism pathways. (frontiersin.org)

NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)

UC is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response, manifested by invasion of inflammatory cells into the lamina propria and excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (researchsquare.com)

One of the well established Rho-kinase-mediated signaling pathways is the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) and its counteracting MLC phosphatase. (uni-muenchen.de)
Inhibition of the Rho-kinase/LIMK-1 pathway unmasked cofilin dephosphorylation suggesting that during shape change the simultaneous activation of a cofilin phosphatase counteracts the effect of LIMK-1 for phosphorylating cofilin. (uni-muenchen.de)

In conclusion, these data suggest that the effects of DES on mouse gubernaculum testis cells are mediated by PLC-Ca2+ -CREB pathway. (bvsalud.org)
In conclusion, our findings establish the crucial role of the miR-30e-5p/Cyb561/ROS axis in finely regulating LSC self-renewal, highlighting Cyb561 as a potential therapeutic target for LSC-directed therapies. (haematologica.org)
In conclusion, this study suggests that miR-429 inhibits the angiogenesis of HBMECs through SNAI2-mediated GSK-3 β / β -catenin pathway. (hindawi.com)

In this study, mouse gubernaculum testis cells were pretreated with phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U-73122 and then treated with DES. (bvsalud.org)
Here we show that a GHR truncated at residue 369 can enter the cells in the presence of a proteasome inhibitor, but that the subsequent lysosomal degradation of GH is blocked. (portlandpress.com)
This pathway is regulated by C1 inhibitor (C1-INH). (msdmanuals.com)

Our findings identify HBP as a modulator of prostate cancer growth and c-MYC as a key target of OGT function in prostate cancer cells. (ox.ac.uk)
These findings provide new insights into the divergent EMT inducibility of KPNA3 according to cell and cancer type. (bmbreports.org)

2019) Transcriptome stability profiling using 5'-bromouridine IP chase (BRIC-seq) identifies novel and functional microRNA targets in human melanoma cells. (news-medical.net)

Here, we report that the HBP is activated in prostate cancer cells and that OGT is a central regulator of c-Myc stability in this setting. (ox.ac.uk)

By analyzing the light-regulated transcriptome of the SCN, we have identified a key role for salt inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) and CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1) in clock re-setting. (ox.ac.uk)

Additional functional evaluation revealed that p38 inhibition was associated with decrease in cell death and maintenance of undifferentiated state. (oncotarget.com)
RNA interference-mediated siliencing or pharmacologic inhibition of OGT was sufficient to decrease prostate cancer cell growth. (ox.ac.uk)

Sun W, Wang Z, Sun M, Huang W and Wang Y and Wang Y: Aloin antagonizes stimulated ischemia/reperfusion-induced damage and inflammatory response in cardiomyocytes by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 defense pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)

In recent years, a mass of research has identified that gut microbiota and corresponding bacterial metabolites can target the brain through various pathways, such as nervous conduction (enteric nerve, vagus nerve, etc. (frontiersin.org)
In parallelly, a large amount of evidence confirmed that gut microbiota composition played critical roles in regulating the physiological and pathological functions of the brain. (frontiersin.org)

The results demonstrated that U-73122 impaired DES-evoked intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in gubernaculum testis cells and inhibited DES-induced proliferation of gubernaculum testis cells . (bvsalud.org)
This pathway plays a prominent role in inter- and intracellular communication and subversion can lead to cancer, fibrosis vascular disorders, and immune diseases. (lu.se)

Cytolytic granules mediate killing of virus-infected cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
Furthermore, p75 NTR regulates RhoA activity to mediate filopodial dynamics. (jneurosci.org)

Indeed, our experiments showed significantly decreased degranulation capacity of primary NK cells from CLL patients expressing low levels of SLAMF1 and SLAMF7. (nature.com)
We found five derivatives that significantly protect hair cells against NIHL. (creighton.edu)
In this report, we identified that KPNA3 was significantly upregulated in cancer cells, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer, and its knockdown resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation and metastasis. (bmbreports.org)
Circulatory levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and blood cell counts and differentials were not significantly changed after pulmonary exposure. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, genetic or pharmacological overexpression of miR-30e-5p or knockdown of Cyb561 suppresses the growth of human AML cells. (haematologica.org)
Primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were subjected to small interfering RNA knockdown of WNK1 followed by in vitro decidualization. (bioone.org)

When the cell is treated with TGF-β, HIPK2, a nuclear kinase, phosphorylates Daxx and the activated Daxx in turn activates the JNK pathway (see "The Daxx Pathway" figure). (wikipedia.org)
1999 ) provided evidence that p75 NTR can regulate axon extension by signaling through the RhoA pathway, such that the unbound state of p75 NTR activates RhoA, whereas neurotrophin binding to p75 NTR terminates this mode of RhoA activation. (jneurosci.org)

Herein, we show that mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 have distinct roles in the generation of CD8 + T cell effector and memory populations. (jci.org)

Biosynthesis occurring within the cell supplies the necessary components and imparts a selective advantage to neoplastic cells [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We address this different components of the pathway have been perturbed. (lu.se)
Classical pathway components are labeled with a C and a number (eg, C1, C3), based on the order in which they were identified. (msdmanuals.com)
Alternative pathway components are often lettered (eg, factor B, factor D) or named (eg, properdin). (msdmanuals.com)
Alternate pathway activation occurs when components of microbial cell surfaces (eg, yeast walls, bacterial cell wall lipopolysaccharide [endotoxin]) or immunoglobulin (eg, nephritic factor, aggregated IgA) cleave small amounts of C3. (msdmanuals.com)

Two critical oncoproteins, Dnmt1 and β-catenin, mutually regulate one each other's levels and activities in colorectal cancer cells. (nih.gov)

pRB functions as a negative regulatory transcription factor during the G1 to S phase cell cycle transition. (medscape.com)

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology. (lu.se)

Kidney-specific knockout of Sav1 in the mouse promotes hyperproliferation of renal tubular epithelium through suppression of the Hippo pathway. (nih.gov)

Cell Death Differ, 2023 May. (nih.gov)

While epithelial cell polarity and cell proliferation are fundamental to the construction of an epithelium, and can influence the form of the entire tissue, epithelial morphogenesis also depends fundamentally on anchorage to the extracellular matrix (ECM). (wikipedia.org)
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key cellular process in which immotile epithelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells through cell polarity loss, cell-cell junction disassembly, and extracellular matrix (ECM) alteration. (bmbreports.org)

Differentiation9

Genes17

PI3K14

Progression10

MAPK6

Apoptosis11

Proteins7

Downstream5

Protein25

Secretory pathway1

Negatively2

Glucose6

Signalling pathway mediates1

Endothelial cell4

Cytoskeleton1

Molecules6

Secretion8

STAT35

Signal transduction1

Mechanism4

Expression19

Gene7

Oxidative stress3

Molecular3

Migration5

Abstract1

Tumor3

Signaling Pathway8

Vascular endothelial cells1

Serve as a prognostic biomarker1

Mechanisms10

Stem3

Receptors5

Regulation7

Receptor6

Metabolism1

Survival1

Invasion1

Phosphatase2

Conclusion3

Inhibitor3

Findings2

Melanoma1

Regulator1

Transcriptome1

Inhibition2

Inflammatory1

Microbiota2

Intracellular2

Mediate2

Significantly4

Knockdown2

Activates2

MTORC21

Components5

Colorectal cancer cells1

Transcription factor1

Biology1

Hippo1

20231

Extracellular2