Pathway cell differentiation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Understanding the function of lectin-glycan recognition systems in cell death will facilitate the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling unbalanced cell proliferation and survival in several pathologic conditions. (nature.com)
These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)
These pathways are important for the growth and division (proliferation) and maturation (differentiation) of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
In particular, Sonic Hedgehog appears to be essential for the proliferation and differentiation of cells that ultimately give rise to cartilage and bone. (medlineplus.gov)
The effect of vibration on BMSCs proliferation, differentiation and chondrogenic potential was assessed at the protein level. (qigonginstitute.org)
This study was therefore aimed at establishing the dose-response effect of EPO stimulation on rat BMSCs and investigating the effects of mechanical stretch combined with EPO on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. (hindawi.com)
The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs were examined and compared using EPO with different concentrations. (hindawi.com)
Mechanical stretch combined with 20 IU/ml EPO promoted proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. (hindawi.com)
EPO was able to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and these effects were enhanced when combined with mechanical stretch. (hindawi.com)
This study was therefore aimed at addressing three key issues: First, is there a dose-dependent effect of EPO on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs? (hindawi.com)
Plays a role in various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and cell survival. (abcam.com)
Beta-catenin is a central component of the Wnt signaling pathway that controls cell proliferation and differentiation. (eurekalert.org)
MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
Gene ontology and upstream regulator pathway analysis showed that WNK1 regulates cell migration, differentiation, and proliferation. (bioone.org)
These growth factors promote cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are essential for wound healing. (thieme-connect.de)
After activation in the wound area, platelets will release growth factors to regulate cell migration, proliferation, and matrix deposition and reduce the risk of infection from the wound, increasing the quality of healing and tissue repair. (thieme-connect.de)
The Notch signaling pathway provides important intercellular signaling mechanisms essential for cell fate specification and it regulates differentiation and proliferation of stem or progenitor cells by para-inducing effects 3-4 . (bvsalud.org)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)
Many factors are involved in causing and permitting the unregulated proliferation of cells that occurs in cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Overview of Cancer Cancer is an unregulated proliferation of cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Although the conventional activities of p53 such as cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the major checkpoints in stress responses, accumulating evidence implicates the importance of other tumor suppression mechanisms. (nature.com)
Is p53-dependent ferroptosis sufficient for tumor suppression in the absence of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis? (nature.com)
To date, various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the powerful tumor-suppressive effect of p53, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. (nature.com)
Several years later, Kerr and co-workers 2 defined the morphological changes in cells undergoing this process, also known as apoptosis. (nature.com)
We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
The Fas receptor, also known as Fas, FasR, apoptosis antigen 1 (APO-1 or APT), cluster of differentiation 95 (CD95) or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (TNFRSF6), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAS gene. (wikipedia.org)
The Fas receptor is a death receptor on the surface of cells that leads to programmed cell death (apoptosis) if it binds its ligand, Fas ligand (FasL). (wikipedia.org)
It is one of two apoptosis pathways, the other being the mitochondrial pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, Fas has also been shown to promote tumor growth, since during tumor progression, it is frequently downregulated or cells are rendered apoptosis resistant. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer cells in general, regardless of their Fas apoptosis sensitivity, depend on constitutive activity of Fas. (wikipedia.org)
In cultured cells, FasL induces various types of cancer cell apoptosis through the Fas receptor. (wikipedia.org)
Expression of exogenous wt-p53 in different tumor cell lines can induce growth arrest, apoptosis, or differentiation. (mcmaster.ca)
This led us to investigate a cell-suicide process called Apoptosis-which has important roles in normal physiology as well as in disease. (gene.com)
We have discovered that the key UPR enzyme IRE1 is hijacked by certain cancer cells to avert apoptosis and resist proteotoxic stress. (gene.com)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
Aresenic trioxide (ATO) is proven to be active against leukaemia cells by inducing apoptosis and differentiation. (lu.se)
We report that necroptosis, autophagy, NF-ƘB and MAPK signalling pathway are not involved in ATO-induced apoptosis. (lu.se)

Activation of mTOR-dependent pathways regulates the specification and differentiation of CD4 + T effector cell subsets. (jci.org)
RIG-I regulates myeloid differentiation by promoting TRIM25-mediated ISGylation. (nih.gov)

To reach the stated goal, there are two specific aims: 1) Analysis of the role of costimulatory adhesion pathways LFA-l/ICAM-1, VLA-4/VCAM-1 and CD2/LFA-3 + CD59, in post-thymus differentiation and maturation of human CD4+ T-cells under in vitro cell culture conditions. (grantome.com)
Neuregulin1α, which drives mucus cell differentiation in vitro, was expressed in normal airway submucosal glands and in lungs from patients with IPF. (bmj.com)
More recently, fas-mediated bystander tumor cell killing was demonstrated in vivo by the Lymphoma Immunotherapy Program at Mount Sinai School of Medicine using T cells and CAR-T cells, similar to additional in vitro work using bispecific antibodies performed at Amgen. (wikipedia.org)
Oil red O staining showed that Ad36 induced the differentiation of hAMSCs into human adipocytes in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
We isolated total CD34 + cells, CD34 + ,CD33 + cells, and CD34 + ,CD33 - cells individually from normal human bone marrow cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), and examined the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and IL-5 on in vitro colony formation of these cells. (elsevierpure.com)
The protein expression of chondrocyte-specific markers of Aggrecan, Sox9, and BMP7 were upregulated and Collagen X was decreased by LMHF vibration introduced at the chondrogenic differentiation in vitro. (qigonginstitute.org)
Primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were subjected to small interfering RNA knockdown of WNK1 followed by in vitro decidualization. (bioone.org)
The inhibitors demonstrated promising effects in vitro with reduced viability, increased differentiation and cell death of neuroblastoma cells. (lu.se)

Lgl1 controls NG2 endocytic pathway to regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation and asymmetric cell division and gliomagenesis. (escholarship.org)
Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
The oncogenic signaling pathway includes cellular species that regulate the growth, differentiation, and survival of cells. (american.edu)
Oxidative stress pathways regulate redox balance by Nrf2 and other ways. (springer.com)
Different pathways regulate different immune cells to help the body differentiate the bodies own healthy cells from disease-causing agents including bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, cancerous cells, and many more. (medscape.com)

The enhanced osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs due to ETV2 overexpression was partially reversed by treatment with inhibitors of ERK/MAPK or PI3K-AKT signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, COL, and Runx2 were detected by qPCR. (hindawi.com)
Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

Transcriptional Regulation of Airway Epithelial Cell Differentiation: Insights into the Notch Pathway and Beyond. (bvsalud.org)
A high degree of heterogeneity in the magnitude of bronchiolar epithelial cell extension into alveolar ducts was noted for each isolation and animal. (cdc.gov)
Age-matched control animals also demonstrated variation in the degree of bronchiolar epithelial cell extension down alveolar ducts. (cdc.gov)
No evidence of inflammation was present in alveolar ducts, suggesting that epithelial cell transformations in alveolar ducts is a natural consequence of lifetime exposures to oxidant gases. (cdc.gov)
Notch signaling pathway is also involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation in various tissues 5-6 . (bvsalud.org)
Transient transfection of intracellular Notch1 (Notch1-IC) into a pre-B cell line resulted in the down-regulation of EBF-regulated promoters and diminished the capacity of EBF to activate these promoters in an epithelial cell line. (lu.se)

We speculate that Ad36 may induce adipocyte differentiation and changes of glucose and lipid metabolism by regulating PI3K/Akt/FoxO1/PPARγ signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, mechanical stretch may induce the differentiation of BMSCs into mature osteoblasts and enhance the deposition of the bone matrix [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
namely, defects in the oncogenic pathway are noted to induce modifications in cellular iron homeostasis. (american.edu)
Even though ATO could effectively induce remissions of leukaemia cells, the drug resistance was observed occasionally. (lu.se)
Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
She is investigating two different ligands and their receptive G-protein coupled receptors WNT5A/Frizzle and cysteinyl leukotriene C4/CysLTR2 signaling pathways which both upregulates 15-PGDH and induce re-differentiation of colon cancer cells. (lu.se)

Here, we review the role of ferroptosis in p53-mediated tumor suppression, with a focus on what cellular factors are critical for p53-dependent ferroptosis during tumor suppression and how p53 modulates both the canonical (GPX4-dependent) and the non-canonical (GPX4-independent) ferroptosis pathways. (nature.com)
Chronic respiratory diseases can disrupt the cellular composition of the airway epithelium , leading to a decrease in multiciliated cells (MCCs) and an increase in secretory cells (SCs). (bvsalud.org)
Recent advancements in single- cell RNA sequencing ( scRNAseq ) techniques have provided insights into the cellular composition of the airway epithelium , revealing specialized and rare cell types, including neuroendocrine cells , tuft cells , and ionocytes. (bvsalud.org)
Understanding the cellular composition and differentiation processes within the airway epithelium is crucial for developing targeted therapies for respiratory diseases . (bvsalud.org)
At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
10 Galectins can function inside the cells by modulating signaling pathways, 11 although they also act extracellularly by establishing multivalent interactions with cell surface glycans and delivering signals that lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis. (nature.com)
Thus, Julia Chifman's research aims to understand the cause of iron dysregulation in breast cancer through the study of certain cellular signaling pathways that affect iron homeostasis. (american.edu)
Cellular signaling pathways are networks of genes, proteins, enzymes, cytokines, and other cellular species that "communicate" in order to govern the basic functions of cells. (american.edu)
Assistant Professor of Mathematics and Statistics Julia Chifman and her collaborators built a predictive mathematical model that connects four key cytosolic cellular signaling pathways in breast epithelial cells: the oncogenic pathway, the oxidative stress response pathway, the iron utilization pathway, and the iron homeostasis pathway. (american.edu)
In the schema of our project, our team sought two central goals: to increase the biological accuracy of the model through the addition of cellular species and intra-pathway connections to the oncogenic pathway, and to conduct new simulations using the updated oncogenic pathway. (american.edu)
The team found that CD9 and CD82 boosted the release of exosomes containing beta-catenin, thereby reducing cellular levels of the protein and inhibiting the Wnt pathway. (eurekalert.org)
This approach to circuit design enables scientists to create complex cellular state machines and track cell histories. (sciencedaily.com)
In a step toward devising much more complex cellular circuits, MIT engineers have now programmed cells to remember and respond to a series of events. (sciencedaily.com)
The body's immune system can react adaptively against the antigen via 2 pathways: cellular or humoral. (medscape.com)
The cellular response is mainly a lymphocyte-mediated reaction, whereas the humoral response includes production of antibodies against the antigen by the plasma cells. (medscape.com)
According to the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept, the cellular hierarchy in normal tissues is preserved in a number of hematological and solid malignancies. (medscape.com)

SFE attenuated the RANKL-mediated induction of NF-κB through inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation, which contributed to inhibiting of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through downregulation of NFATc1. (biomedcentral.com)
Pharmaceutical inhibition of osteoclast differentiation is a current therapeutic approach for the treatment of bone loss-related diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of autophagy promoted hepatic differentiation in the stem/progenitor cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Our findings indicated that promoting amino acid sensitivity of the mTOR pathway is dependent on p62 accumulated by inhibition of autophagy and that this process plays an important role in the hepatic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells. (elsevierpure.com)
The roles of the Ras-ERK pathway in neuronal differentiation by BMP4 were revealed by measuring the effect of the ERK pathway inhibition by dominant negative Ras or PD98059, the MEK specific inhibitor. (elsevierpure.com)
We propose a model through which RA induces a biphasic regulation of Akt with an activation participating to the differentiation process, followed by an inhibition, which has been correlated to the RA-induced growth arrest. (hal.science)
In the absence of NGF, inhibition of glycolysis along distal axons results in axon degeneration independent of cell death. (jneurosci.org)
Our results suggest that Ras pathway inhibitors in combination with KSP inhibition represent a promising treatment strategy against neuroblastoma. (lu.se)

Moreover, the results of RNA-Seq analysis and western blot showed that the ERK/MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways were activated upon transgenic overexpression of ETV2. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively, our results indicated that ETV2 overexpression exerted positive effects on the osteogenesis of hDPSCs, at least partially via the ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we studied on the effects and molecular mechanisms of Rhizoma coptidis on NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K-Akt/AMPK/ERS and oxidative stress pathways. (springer.com)
Evidence presented in this review implicated that Rhizoma coptidis exerted beneficial effects on various diseases by regulation of NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K-Akt/AMPK/ERS and oxidative stress pathways, which support the clinical application of Rhizoma coptidis and offer references for future researches. (springer.com)
In this review, we sorted out the relationship of Rhizoma coptidis among components, diseases and NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K/Akt/AMPK/ERS/oxidative stress pathways, systematically studying on how Rhizoma coptidis exerts beneficial effects to various diseases, which supported the clinical application of Rhizoma coptidis and provided references for the future researches. (springer.com)

Hepatic differentiation was assessed based on increased albumin and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α, as hepatocyte markers, and decreased cytokeratin 19 and SOX9, as stem/progenitor cell markers. (elsevierpure.com)
This review provides a brief history of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) and provides an updated view of the many stem/progenitor cell populations contributing to fracture repair. (researchgate.net)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)

Signalling pathways influencing stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. (sciencecentral.in)
Activation of the canonical Wnt pathway leads to loss of hematopoietic stem cell repopulation and multilineage differentiation block. (ox.ac.uk)
Wnt signaling increases hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and is activated in both myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, indicating involvement in both normal and malignant hematopoiesis. (ox.ac.uk)
and loss of repopulating stem cell activity. (ox.ac.uk)
Loss of hematopoietic stem cell function was associated with decreased expression of Cdkn1a (encoding the cell cycle inhibitor p21(cdk)), Sfpi1, Hoxb4 and Bmi1 (encoding the transcription factors PU.1, HoxB4 and Bmi-1, respectively) and altered integrin expression in Lin(-)Sca-1(+)c-Kit(+) cells, whereas PU.1 was upregulated in erythroid progenitors. (ox.ac.uk)
Constitutive activation of canonical Wnt signaling therefore causes multilineage differentiation block and compromised hematopoietic stem cell maintenance. (ox.ac.uk)
and regulation of stem cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
SCID is considered a pediatric emergency because survival depends on expeditious stem cell reconstitution, usually by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). (medscape.com)
Tracing Stem Cell Differentiation with Single-Cell Resolution. (routledge.com)
Currently, there is no consensus whether there is a single or multiple postnatal stem cell population(s) that contribute to skeletal homeostasis and postnatal bone formation. (researchgate.net)
Purpose of review: The identity and functional roles of stem cell population(s) that contribute to fracture repair remains unclear. (researchgate.net)
Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
We discuss these properties with examples both from the hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell (ESC) systems. (lu.se)
The nature of the stem cell substates and their relationship to commitment to differ- entiate and lineage selection can be elucidated in terms of a landscape picture in which stable states can be defined mathematically as attractors. (lu.se)
RNA was reverse-transcribed to obtain the cDNA and then proceeded with PCR using specific primers for the Notch signaling pathway molecules (Notch1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2 and, Hes1) as well as stem cell marker (Nanog). (bvsalud.org)
Notch-1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2, and stem cell marker Nanog are expressed in SHED cultured in KGM which may be involved in the differentiation into epithelial-like cells in human dental pulp tissues. (bvsalud.org)
The cancer stem cell theory holds that tumors also contain stem-like cells that drive tumor growth and metastasis formation. (medscape.com)
Cancer stem cell-associated proteins revealed by proteomics. (medscape.com)

Osteoclast differentiation marker genes were analyzed by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
Effects of autophagy, p62, and related signaling pathways on hepatic differentiation were investigated by silencing the genes for autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) and/or SQSTM1/p62 using small interfering RNAs. (elsevierpure.com)
Wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K, was used to further investigate the role of transcription factors FoxO1 and PPARγ and their downstream target genes in promoting adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, and in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
Activation of the Wnt pathway stabilizes beta-catenin, allowing it to move into the cell nucleus and control the expression of many different genes. (eurekalert.org)
This abrogated expression of the decidual marker genes, insulin like growth factor binding protein 1 ( IGFBP1 ) and prolactin ( PRL ), and prevented adoption of decidual cell morphology. (bioone.org)
explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)

The paradigm of effector T helper cell differentiation into either Th1 or Th2 lineages has been notably shaken by the discovery of a third lineage of cells that selectively produce interleukin (IL)-17. (researchassistantresume.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely regarded to be promising cell sources for bone tissue engineering, due to their multi-lineage differentiation potential and extensive self-renewal capacity [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to cells of the endoderm lineage with our specialized cell culture media. (stemcell.com)
This requirement strongly limits the number of solutions or entiation and lineage-specification, programmed cell death, and ``states'' for the system. (lu.se)
2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)
The earliest cell in B-lymphocyte lineage that produces Ig is the pre-B lymphocyte. (medscape.com)
The Notch signaling pathway is involved in several lineage commitment and differentiation events. (lu.se)

Hes-1 was also expressed in the individual tissues with staining in the ductal cells predominantly. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
In salivary tissues from rats going through and dealing with ductal blockage we discovered that Notch receptors and ligands had been portrayed in the nucleus from the regenerating epithelial cells. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
The current presence of Notch signaling components in individual salivary tissues signifies the need for Notch signaling in development and differentiation of mature salivary precursor cells and branching morphogenesis. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
In this work, pathways governing mucus cell differentiation were investigated in lung tissues from patients with IPF and other chronic pulmonary disorders. (bmj.com)
Therefore we aimed to evaluate whether administration of endothelium produced from mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton's jelly (hWMSCs) can accelerate tissues repair indicates variety of different cell civilizations (in duplicate). (tech-strategy.org)
As a type of MSCs derived from dental tissues, human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are easily and readily isolated from extracted teeth. (biomedcentral.com)
The cells that have the inherent property of innate and adaptive immunity within the body are present at different sites including the blood, lymphatic system (lymph, lymphoid nodules and lymphoid organs), epithelium, and connective tissues. (medscape.com)
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are multipotent stem cells derived from the pulp tissues of extracted deciduous teeth 1 . (bvsalud.org)
Although most circulating cancer cells die, an occasional cell may penetrate into tissues, generating a metastasis at a distant site. (msdmanuals.com)
These mediators and their receptors are enriched in colon cancer cells and colon cancer tissues, which demonstrate there, contribute to tumor development and progression. (lu.se)
Normal proliferative tissues contain multipotent stem cells (SCs) that drive tissue turnover. (medscape.com)

The initiation and development of tumor cell is accompanied by elevated stresses, such as oncogene activation, DNA damage, genome instability, and reprogrammed tumor metabolism. (nature.com)
In particular focussed on regulation of cell surface expression of activation and differentiation antigens, and production of T-cell cytokines. (grantome.com)
A suggested mechanism for p62-dependent hepatic differentiation in our study was activation of the mTOR pathway by amino acids. (elsevierpure.com)
The effects of BMP4, including activation of the Ras-ERK pathway and induction of the neuron marker β-tubulin type III (Tuj1), were blocked by co-treatment of the BMP4 antagonist, noggin. (elsevierpure.com)
The BMP4- mimicking effects of VPA, activation of the Ras-ERK pathway and induction of Tuj1, also were blocked by noggin. (elsevierpure.com)
Skeletal muscle regeneration is ensured by satellite cells (SC), which upon activation undergo self-renewal and myogenesis. (unifi.it)
Activation of abnormal respiratory epithelial differentiation programs may contribute to the expression of MUC5B and bronchiolisation of the distal lung, a salient feature of IPF. (bmj.com)
A significant pathway triggered from the TCR may be the creation of intracellular calcium mineral as CORM-3 well as the activation from the transcription element nuclear element of triggered T-cells (NFAT). (researchassistantresume.com)
We report that, in mouse embryocarcinoma cells (F9 cells), RA induces an early activation of PI3K and Akt via an increase in the expression of the p85alpha regulatory subunit. (hal.science)
however, due to constitutive mTORC1 activation, these cells retained a terminally differentiated effector phenotype and were incapable of transitioning into a memory state. (jci.org)
ICOS expression is up-regulated within approximately 24 - 48 hours of activation on T h primed cells. (rndsystems.com)
The B7-H2/ICOS interaction appears to play roles in T cell dependent B cell activation and T h differentiation. (rndsystems.com)
The underlying mechanism may be related to the activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)

Compact disc8+ T cells doubly lacking in Eomes and T-bet demonstrated marked up-regulation from the Th17 connected elements RORγt IL-17 IL-21 IL-22 and IL-23R in the framework of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis disease (LCMV) disease. (researchassistantresume.com)
Co-stimulatory signaling especially through molecules like ICOS also contributes to the regulation of IL-17 expression as CD3-induced IL-17 production is enhanced CORM-3 when anti-CD28 is added [29 30 However the pathways and transcription factors responsible are poorly understood. (researchassistantresume.com)
Mathematical Models of Signalling Pathways and Gene Regulation Involved in Cancer. (routledge.com)
Our data demonstrated that LMHF mechanical vibration promotes BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation and implies β-catenin signal acts as an essential mediator in the mechano-biochemical transduction and subsequent transcriptional regulation in the process of chondrogenesis. (qigonginstitute.org)
AMPK pathways are energy regulation pathways. (springer.com)
In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)
However, very little is known about the regulation of SC maintenance pathways in cancer and how these are affected by cancer-specific genetic alterations and by treatment. (medscape.com)

Qualitative Dynamical Modelling of T-Helper Cell Differentiation and Reprogramming. (routledge.com)

Wang C, Yuan X, Yang S. IFT80 is essential for chondrocyte differentiation by regulating Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways. (medlineplus.gov)
Prior studies of acute phosphate restriction during the endochondral phase of fracture healing showed delayed chondrocyte differentiation was mechanistically linked to decreased bone morphogenetic protein signaling. (researchgate.net)

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway also plays key roles in these processes, that is, cell cycle progression, cell differentiation and cell survival. (hal.science)
NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)

Basal cells (BCs) have been identified as the primary stem cells in the airway epithelium , capable of self -renewal and differentiation into MCCs and SCs. (bvsalud.org)
Additionally, the maintenance of BC populations and the involvement of Notch signaling in BC self -renewal and differentiation are discussed. (bvsalud.org)
To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)
SCs are not only capable of maintaining themselves (self-renewal) but also give rise to a proliferative 'transit amplifying' compartment and ultimately to postmitotic differentiated cells with specialized functions. (medscape.com)
By contrast, transit amplifying cells and differentiated cells are incapable of self-renewal and tissue regeneration. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, pathways controlling the self-renewal capacity of normal tissue SCs are frequently deregulated in human cancer. (medscape.com)

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are the ideal source to study fat formation as they are the progenitors of adipocytes. (mdpi.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known to have the capability to form bone and cartilage, and chondrogenesis derived from MSCs is reported to be affected by mechanical stimuli. (qigonginstitute.org)
The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)

Ferroptosis acts as an independent pathway for suppressing tumor growth and is tightly connected with metabolism and oxidative stress responses. (nature.com)
While recent work has emphasized the importance of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, the role of the glycolytic pathway in axon morphogenesis and maintenance remains minimally understood. (jneurosci.org)
Oxidative stress pathways are caused by the imbalance of oxidation and antioxidation in body. (springer.com)

The investigations outlined in this research proposal will contribute to a more detailed insight in the mechanisms involved in T-cell differentiation/maturation. (grantome.com)
The authors sought to identify mechanisms driving the differentiation of mucus cells during the bronchiolisation process. (bmj.com)
She participates in multidisciplinary projects to decipher cell mechanisms rewiring in cancer. (routledge.com)
We are currently developing strategies that aim to kill cancer cells by directly disrupting their inherent stress-adaptation mechanisms or by augmenting the anti-tumor immune response. (gene.com)

2) Analysis of early signal transduction pathways involved in the costimulatory function of the costimulatory adhesion pathways LFA-l/ICAM-1, VLA-4/VCAM-1, and CD2/LFA-3 + CD59. (grantome.com)

The goal of this research proposal is to study in detail the recently established T-cell costimulatory roles of the adhesion pathways LFA-l/ICAM-1, VLA-4/VCAM-1 and CD2/LFA-3 + CD59. (grantome.com)
The emergence of functional studies on animal lectins during the 1990s has provided the appropriate framework to better understand their roles in cell death. (nature.com)
Herein, we show that mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 have distinct roles in the generation of CD8 + T cell effector and memory populations. (jci.org)
These cell structures play central roles in many different chemical signaling pathways, including a series of reactions called the Sonic Hedgehog pathway. (medlineplus.gov)
During the process of airway inflammation, complex interactions of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as structural cells and their cytokines have many important roles. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the possible roles of newly identified helper T cells derived cytokines (IL-9, 17, 22, 25 and IL-33) in asthma. (cdc.gov)
Th9 cells were first identified as a Th2 subpopulation have many important roles. (cdc.gov)

Immunostaining for components of those pathways and mucins were performed on lung tissue obtained from patients with IPF (n=20), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=13), idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (n=5) and from organ donors (n=6). (bmj.com)
Moreover MSCs increased neovascularization and tissue perfusion through the secretion of VEGF and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) [32] [33]. (tech-strategy.org)
5) Conditioned moderate produced from hWMSC-End also improved the percentage of wound therapeutic and vascularization in the scar tissue suggesting these cells may discharge pro-angiogenic factors. (tech-strategy.org)
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (rndsystems.com)
This continuously evolving system sometimes reacts against the bodies own cells, identifying it as foreign, which leads to healthy tissue destruction and causes autoimmune diseases and cancers. (medscape.com)
Its prominent properties are A lack of cell differentiation Local invasion of adjoining tissue Metastasis, which is spread to distant sites through. (msdmanuals.com)
Her research involves methods as tissue microarray (TMA) of colon cancer patients for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot, qPCR, transfection, luciferase assay, immunofluorescens on colon cancer cell lines. (lu.se)
Normal multipotent tissue stem cells (SCs) are the driving force behind tissue turnover and repair. (medscape.com)

It had been also reported that T-bet favorably regulated expression from the IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) possibly enhancing the response to CORM-3 IL-23 a signal promoting Th17 differentiation. (researchassistantresume.com)
and control mice at 3 and 7 days post-stimulation had similar fractions of Th17 cells [20]. (researchassistantresume.com)
Additionally mice with T cells missing both T-bet and Eomes created a intensifying inflammatory and throwing away syndrome seen as a multi-organ infiltration of neutrophils a hallmark of Th17-mediated disease. (researchassistantresume.com)
Stat family transcription factors in Th17 differentiation In addition to presenting antigen and activating T cells through their antigen receptors dendritic cells (DCs) also modulate the adaptive immune response through the production of cytokines. (researchassistantresume.com)
It is now generally agreed that IL-6 which can also be produced by activated DCs is a key factor in promoting Th17 differentiation of na?ve CD4+ T cells. (researchassistantresume.com)
mice have reduced but not absent Th17 differentiation [31]. (researchassistantresume.com)
Th17 cell may have a role in severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (cdc.gov)

Additionally, sub-acute Ang conditioning increased cell size and promoted trans-differentiation into myofibroblasts. (unifi.it)
As a result trans-differentiation of hWMSC into endothelial cells enhances wound curing and potentially displays a broad selection of pre and scientific applications. (tech-strategy.org)

p62 also functions as a hub for intracellular signaling such as that in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. (elsevierpure.com)

Genome-wide CRISPRi screening identifies OCIAD1 as a prohibitin client and regulatory determinant of mitochondrial Complex III assembly in human cells. (nih.gov)
Moreover, the ATO-resistant cells showed distinct mitochondrial morphology compared with that of ATO-sensitive cells. (lu.se)

Conversely IL-4 produced by other innate immune cells such as basophils and mast cells promotes Th2 differentiation. (researchassistantresume.com)

In addition to the well-described on-target CTL anti-tumor cytotoxicity, Fas has been ascribed with a distinct function - the induction of bystander tumor cell death even amongst cognate antigen non-expressing (bystander) cells. (wikipedia.org)
These may be different molecules within the cells like proteins, polysaccharides, or nucleoproteins and may also be the whole cell, like a tumor cell or organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or agents containing genetic material such as nucleic acids or lipids. (medscape.com)

In this study, we examined effects of autophagy, p62, and associated signaling on hepatic differentiation. (elsevierpure.com)

Ovarian cancer immuno-reactive antigen domain containing 1 (OCIAD1), a key player in ovarian cancer cell adhesion. (nih.gov)
Both CD34 + cells gradually lost the CD34 antigen by day 6 of incubation with G-CSF or IL-3. (elsevierpure.com)
Immunoglobulins (Igs), the term is sometimes used interchangeably with "antibodies," are glycoprotein molecules produced by B lymphocytes and plasma cells in response to an immunogen or after recognition of specific epitopes on the antigen. (medscape.com)

Once activated, p53 coordinates multiple downstream pathways, thereby maintaining the homeostasis of the host cell or organism (if the stress is mild, transient, and repairable) or eliminating damaged cells (if the stress is acute, prolonged, and difficult to resist). (nature.com)
See More Use our definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation kit to obtain functional DE cells that are capable of downstream differentiation to hepatic, intestinal, pancreatic and pulmonary cells. (stemcell.com)

This research aimed to study the effects of low magnitude high frequency (LMHF) vibration on the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) which were cultured with chondrogenic medium, and to investigate the role of β-catenin cascade in this process. (qigonginstitute.org)

The constant region at the carboxyl-terminal end of the heavy chain, called the Fc region, binds to the Fc receptors of neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, and the natural killer (NK) cells. (medscape.com)
Syrina is a pharmacist and her research in cell pathology focuses on neutrophils recruitment in colorectal cancers microenvironment and in cancer related inflammation. (lu.se)

BMP4 is a transcriptional target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and both the mRNA and protein levels of BMP4 were increased by treatment of valproic acid (VPA), a chemical inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. (elsevierpure.com)

Osteoclasts are specialized as the only bone-resorbing cell type and increased numbers are implicated in the development of bone loss-accompanied diseases such as osteoporosis, periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteosarcoma, and bone cancer metastases [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This approach set the basis for therapeutic strategies aimed at eliminating aberrantly glycosylated cancer cells. (nature.com)
Pathway Databases and Network Resources in Cancer. (routledge.com)
Single-Cell Analysis in Cancer. (routledge.com)
Our research further revealed that inhibiting IRE1 activity in cancer-surveilling dendritic cells augments anti-tumor immunity. (gene.com)
Through simulations, Chifman and her collaborators found that overexpression of Ras, a central species in the oncogenic pathway, led to a cancer phenotype in the iron homeostasis pathway. (american.edu)
These data demonstrate that cancer cells can acquire the ATO-resistance ability by increasing the Bcl-2 expression. (lu.se)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)
Cancer cells, particularly those arising from the bone marrow or lymphatic system, may have a short generation time, and there usually are a smaller percentage of cells in G0 (resting phase). (msdmanuals.com)
A subpopulation of cells within a cancer has the properties of stem cells. (msdmanuals.com)
A cancer may release cells into the circulation at a very early stage of development. (msdmanuals.com)
Circulating cancer cells are present in many patients with advanced cancer and even in some with localized disease. (msdmanuals.com)
Experiments suggest that the abilities to invade, migrate, and successfully implant and stimulate new blood vessel growth are all important properties of the cells that cause metastases, which are likely a subpopulation of the primary cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancer cells often present neoantigens on their cell surface that can be detected as "non-self" by the immune system, resulting in an attack by the immune system. (msdmanuals.com)
Now, she is interested in the interaction between the immune cells (mainly mast cells) present in the colon cancer microenvironment and colon cancer cells. (lu.se)
The CSC is defined as a cancer cell with self-renewing capacity that can regenerate the original tumor in all its differentiated heterogeneity. (medscape.com)

This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of Adenovirus type 36 (Ad36) in adipocyte differentiation and glucolipid metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the mechanism underlying the effect of Ad36 induced adipocyte differentiation and changes in glucose and lipid metabolism is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)

Liver stem/progenitor cells have the potential to differentiate to form hepatocytes or cholangiocytes. (elsevierpure.com)
Outcomes Previous studies show the fact that HSG cell series can differentiate into acinus-like buildings and exhibit differentiation markers (i.e. vimentin cystatin and amylase) when harvested with an extracellular matrix (Hoffman et al. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
To directly differentiate to pancreatic cells, use our pancreatic progenitor kit to generate functional PDX1 + /NKX6.1 + cells that can be matured into insulin-producing beta cells. (stemcell.com)
SHED was able to differentiate into epithelial like cells when cultured in keratinocyte growth medium (KGM) 2 . (bvsalud.org)

2) T cell deficiencies affect the function in killing infected cells or helping other immune cells. (lu.se)

T helper (Th) 2 cells, which recruit and accumulate in the lungs and produce a range of different effector cytokines. (cdc.gov)
However, more recent studies have revealed the potential collaboration of other helper T cells and their cytokines in this process. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we examined the potential of SF extract (SFE) to inhibit receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) -induced osteoclast differentiation in cultured mouse-derived bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). (biomedcentral.com)
Osteoclast differentiation was measured by tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP) staining and the TRAP solution assay. (biomedcentral.com)
SFE significantly decreased osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)

Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
The UPR normally helps secretory cells to resolve issues with 3D shaping of newly synthesized proteins. (gene.com)
It has been suggested that this process relies on Notch's ability to inhibit E proteins, which are crucial for early B-cell development. (lu.se)
The selected candidate will become an integral part of a research project focused on exploring the non-canonical functions of two complement proteins, C3 and CD59, in the pathophysiology of pancreatic β-cells, particularly in their connection to diabetes development. (lu.se)

In animals exposed to ozone , a striking similarity was noted by scanning electron microscopy in the surface characteristics of cells lining both terminal bronchioles and alveolar ducts. (cdc.gov)

Conversely, SQSTM1/p62 silencing impaired hepatic differentiation. (elsevierpure.com)

Systems Biology Approach to Study Heterogeneity and Cell Communication Networks in the Tumour Microenvironment. (routledge.com)
The study appears online on September 13 in the Journal of Cell Biology ( www.jcb.org ). (eurekalert.org)
Founded in 1955, The Journal of Cell Biology (JCB) is published by The Rockefeller University Press. (eurekalert.org)
Synthetic biology allows researchers to program cells to perform novel functions such as fluorescing in response to a particular chemical or producing drugs in response to disease markers. (sciencedaily.com)
The candidate must hold a PhD preferentially in the field of diabetes research, cell biology or related discipline, and must have completed their PhD within 3 years from the start of the appointment. (lu.se)
Having prior expertise in the following areas can be highly advantageous for this role: cell biology, diabetes research, beta-cell differentiation, proficiency in microscopy techniques, hands-on experience with mouse models, and a strong background in bioinformatic analysis, particularly in RNA sequencing and ChIP sequencing. (lu.se)

Loss of pro-mitotic proteoglycan and OPC marker NG2 in the OL progeny is the earliest immunophenotypic change of unknown mechanism that indicates differentiation commitment. (escholarship.org)
This study displays for the very first time the fact that Notch signaling pathway is certainly involved in appearance of differentiation marker vimentin and cystatin S in HSG cells and it is upregulated within a rat salivary gland damage/recovery model. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
The expression of Prx1 has been used as a marker to define the skeletal stem cells (SSCs) populations found within the bone marrow and periosteum that contribute to bone regeneration. (researchgate.net)

Bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, induced neural differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) grown in a medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). (elsevierpure.com)
Researchers speculate that these changes in IFT alter certain signaling pathways, including the Sonic Hedgehog pathway, which may underlie the abnormalities of bone growth characteristic of asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy. (medlineplus.gov)
Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
A known population of cells that express Prx1 contributes to postnatal bone formation. (researchgate.net)
Leukocytes are produced in stem cells in bone marrow. (lu.se)

Used jointly these data claim that Notch signaling is crucial for normal salivary gland cell differentiation and development. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
2004 While Notch signaling has been clearly linked in directing cell differentiation during embyrogenesis and self-renewing in many organs (Katsube and Sakamoto 2005 Blanpain et al. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
2007 Fiuza and Arias 2007 the significance of Notch signaling during mammalian salivary gland differentiation remains to be elucidated. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
2007 The cell-cell Notch ligand to Notch receptor conversation initiates successive proteolytic cleavages of Notch by extracellular metalloprotease (S2 cleavage) and γ-secretase (S3/S4 cleavages) resulting in formation of the Notch intracellular domain name (Notch IC). (healthandwellnesssource.org)
Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
The Notch target, HES1, was present in mucus cells from all groups. (bmj.com)
Aim: To detect the expression of molecules associated with Notch signaling pathway in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) cultured in specific differentiation medium, namely, keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). (bvsalud.org)
Since the Notch signaling pathway molecules play an important role in differentiation of epithelial cells, it is important to identify the presence of notch signaling molecules in SHED during the process of cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this study was to detect the expression of molecules associated with Notch signallng pathway in SHED cultured in specific differentiation medium, namely, KGM. (bvsalud.org)
Knowledge on the expression analysis of Notch signaling pathway molecules in SHED cultured in KGM could highlight its involvement in controlling the biological activity of these stem cells, particularly during odontogenesis and other developmental process. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we report that Notch signaling also modulates the function of the transcription factor, early B-cell factor (EBF). (lu.se)

This knowledge might ultimately be used to generate specific T-cell effector subpopulations, which may be of value either therapeutically in specific disease situations or prophylactically in vaccination protocols. (grantome.com)
In the seminar, I will describe how nanotopography can affect pancreatic beta-cells differentiation and geometry to ultimately recreate the islet-like cluster organization which is crucial for the proper functioning of these cells. (lu.se)

MAP2K5 and MAPK7 interact specifically with one another and not with MEK1/ERK1 or MEK2/ERK2 pathways. (abcam.com)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

This review emphasizes the role of transcription factors in the differentiation process from BCs to MCCs and SCs. (bvsalud.org)
Singularly, SPDEF, a transcription factor associated with mucus metaplasia, was rarely detected in mucus cells in IPF. (bmj.com)
Mucus cells lining abnormal airways from patients with IPF expressed MUC5B and SOX2 but lacked SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF) and forkhead box A3(FOXA3). (bmj.com)

The IFT80 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is part of a group (complex) called IFT complex B. This complex is found in cell structures known as cilia. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers reveal a new way in which cells restrain beta-catenin and potentially suppress tumor metastasis: the protein can be ejected from cells in small vesicles called exosomes. (eurekalert.org)
AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
The presence of Clara cell secretory protein in cells of bronchioles and alveolar ducts was also detected immunohistochemically and visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy in the reflectance mode. (cdc.gov)
Antibodies can be found on the surface of lymphocytes as an integral part of the cell membrane protein or can be freely circulating in the blood or be part of one of the body's gland secretion. (medscape.com)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)
These encompass cutting-edge techniques such as advanced flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, molecular methodologies, including CRISPR/Cas-9 gene editing, investigations into protein interactions, and specialized assays tailored for β-cell research. (lu.se)

Pancreatic beta-cells, by releasing insulin, play a key role in the control of glucose homeostasis and their dysfunction, dedifferentiation and death underlie diabetes mellitus development. (lu.se)
By dissecting and interfering with these events we expect to develop innovative strategies to address diabetes mellitus and other pancreatic-cell-related diseases. (lu.se)

We recently observed that these diverse wt-p53 effects can also be induced by overexpressing wt-p53 in a single cell type-the 32D myeloid progenitors-transformed with different activated oncogenes. (mcmaster.ca)

These data establish Lgl1 as a suppressor of gliomagenesis and positive regulator of asymmetric division and differentiation in the healthy and demyelinated murine brain. (escholarship.org)
In CORM-3 CD8+ T cells Eomes is the major regulator of IFN-γ production. (researchassistantresume.com)

Membrane-anchored Fas ligand trimer on the surface of an adjacent cell causes oligomerization of Fas. (wikipedia.org)

It's been discovered that mice lacking in NFATc2 created splenic and lymph node cells that exhibited improved secretion of IL-4 and IL-5 in response to disease by [27]. (researchassistantresume.com)

Anatomy72

Organisms8

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs85

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Proliferation21

Apoptosis17

Regulates2

Vitro8

Regulate5

Osteogenic differentiation3

Epithelial cell6

Induce6

Cellular16

Inhibition8

MAPK5

Progenitor cell4

Stem Cell18

Genes6

Lineage7

Tissues11

Activation13

Regulation7

Helper cell differentiation1

Chondrocyte differentiation2

Survival2

Self-renewal6

Mesenchymal3

Oxidative3

Mechanisms4

Signal transduc1

Roles7

Tissue8

Th177

Trans-differentiation2

MTOR pathway1

Mitochondrial2

Promotes1

Tumor cell2

Autophagy1

Antigen3

Downstream2

BMSCs1

Neutrophils2

Inhibitor1

Cancer16

Metabolism2

Differentiate4

Immune cells1

Cytokines2

Osteoclast3

Proteins5

Scanning electron m1

Hepatic1

Biology6

Marker3

Bone5

Notch11

Ultimately2

ERK12

Transcription3

Protein7

Pancreatic2

Myeloid1

Regulator2

Ligand1

Secretion1