Pathology hepatic stellate cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Rodent primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), mouse liver tumor-initiating stem cell-like cells (TICs), and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines were exposed to Wnt signaling inhibitors and changes in gene expression patterns were analyzed. (nih.gov)
The JNK signalling pathway is involved in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. (biomedcentral.com)
When JNK signalling pathway is blocked by inhibitor SP600125, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is inhibited, with less proliferation and reduced expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from both MCR and MCD animals were exposed to AGEs. (austin.org.au)
These effects were abrogated by RAGE or NADPH oxidase blockade.In the MCD model of NAFLD, high dietary AGEs increases hepatic AGE content and exacerbates liver injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis via oxidative stress and RAGE dependent profibrotic effects of AGEs on activated HSCs. (austin.org.au)
Liver injury can cause steatosis and inflammation, and further activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) often leads to the development of nonalcoholic liver fibrosis. (techscience.com)
HSCs undergo phenotypic changes from quiescent vitamin A storing cells, involved in maintenance of the normal basement matrix, into proliferative myofibroblast-like cells, expressing myogenic markers such as alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA). (biomedcentral.com)
This could be considered to be part of a feedback loop as changes in ECM composition results in changes in HSC cell surface receptors, particularly integrins indicating that the ECM should not be regarded simply as an inert physical scaffold but a dynamic structure that is able to influence the phenotype of HSCs [ 2 , 8 , 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
HSCs express numerous cell surface receptors including both discoidin domain receptors (DDRs)-which are receptors for collagen I and many of the integrin subunits, which are a major family of cell surface receptors for extracellular molecules and play a critical role in many biological functions [ 7 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The neural plexuses in the liver closely interact with liver sinusoidal cells, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), and hepatic progenitor cells (HPC). (e-cmh.org)
The stromal component of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the type III collagen they produce was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. (duke.edu)

Phospholipase A2 is well known for its role in liver fibrosis and inhibition of tumour cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, it's necessary to express Cs sPLA2 in water-soluble form and determine whether the enzymatic activity of Cs sPLA2 or cell signalling pathways is involved in liver fibrosis caused by clonorchiasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Salvianolic acid B suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway via miR-6499-3p/LncRNA-ROR. (researcher.life)
The findings suggest a therapeutic paradigm in which stage-specific therapies could yield enhanced antifibrotic efficacy in patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis. (mssm.edu)
Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have shown therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The potential participation of ghrelin and the ghrelin receptor antagonist, LEAP-2, in the onset of liver fibrosis in patients with severe obesity and NAFLD through the regulation of TGF-& beta;1-induced hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation was investigated. (unav.edu)
Results Plasma and hepatic ghrelin were negatively associated, while LEAP-2 exhibited a positive association with liver fibrosis in patients with obesity and NAFLD. (unav.edu)
Fibrosis is a physiological response to cellular injury in the liver and is mediated by the activation of hepatic stellate cells resulting in the replacement of hepatocytes with extracellular matrix comprised principally of collagen 1 to form a hepatic scar. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the novel hexaco-ordinated globin cytoglobin was identified in activated hepatic stellate cells more than 10 years ago, its role in stellate cell biology and liver fibrosis remains enigmatic. (biomedcentral.com)
Understanding the implication of autophagy in the activation of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis: are we there yet? (farmacologiavalencia.es)
Ratas con fibrosis hepática inducida por tioacetamida fueron agrupadas en: grupo I control que no recibió tioacetamida ni células madre, grupo II recibió tioacetamida y suero fisiológico i.v., grupo III recibió tioacetamida y células madre adiposas 1 x 106/kg i.v. vía vena de la cola. (bvsalud.org)
En conclusión la infusión intravenosa de CMAd-h en ratas disminuye el daño funcional y estructural de la fibrosis hepática con escasa persistencia de CMAd-h en el parénquima hepático. (bvsalud.org)
This study investigated the link between GM and the intrahepatic T cell receptor (TCR) immune repertoire (IR), and whether GM modulates the intrahepatic immune microenvironment via TCR IR during liver fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are now considered to be the key contributors of pancreatic fibrosis (5, 11, 135). (pancreapedia.org)
Fig. 1: Deconvolving fibrosis using multi-modal single-cell approaches. (nature.com)
Single-cell deconvolution of fibroblast heterogeneity in mouse pulmonary fibrosis. (nature.com)
Defining the activated fibroblast population in lung fibrosis using single-cell sequencing. (nature.com)
Collagen-producing lung cell atlas identifies multiple subsets with distinct localization and relevance to fibrosis. (nature.com)
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human lung provides insights into the pathobiology of pulmonary fibrosis. (nature.com)
Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies diverse roles of epithelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. (nature.com)
the effects of hypoxia and fibrosis may also play a role in obesity complications via notably ectopic-lipid accumulation in non-adipocyte cells. (springer.com)
Known technically as liver fibrosis, scarring is the body's attempt to keep the damage done to liver cells contained. (liversupport.com)
In addition to stopping the underlying liver disease cause and suppressing inflammation, treatment goals for fibrosis may include hepatic stellate cell destruction and breaking down collagenous liver scars. (liversupport.com)
Preventing liver damage, devising better treatments for the causes of chronic liver disease, quelling liver inflammation, destroying activated hepatic stellate cells and metabolizing the fibrous matrix of liver scars has not yet revealed a successful formula for reversing liver fibrosis. (liversupport.com)
solid course="kwd-title" Keywords: Biliary fibrosis, biliary duct epithelia, cholangiocytes, MCP-1, TGF-, IL-6, P2Y, elastin, precursor cell market, myofibroblast Fibrosis and cirrhosis have already been known as the ultimate common pathway of chronic liver injury. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
Although anatomists and pathologists have pressured the distinctions between biliary and non-biliary etiologies of fibrosis often, the landmark isolation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and demo of their in vitro activation led to twenty years of fibrosis analysis centered on understanding HSC behavior in lifestyle and applying these results to animal types of disease. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
We talk about right here the fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from the portal system, emphasizing brand-new data demonstrating these cells possess important jobs in liver organ fibrosis and various other Pdpn pathology, and highlighting guaranteeing areas for potential analysis. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
These early observations were coincident with the recognition by Gabbiani and colleagues that fibroblast-derived -easy muscle actin (-SMA)-expressing myofibroblasts were the major matrix producing cells in wound healing (5), setting the stage for the study of PF as potential mediators of fibrosis. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
The observation that HSC (and not hepatocytes) were matrix-producing cells (8, 9) led to a proliferation of research on HSC, and the majority of publications in the liver fibrosis literature over the last two decades have incorporated the assumption that all -SMA positive myofibroblasts are activated HSC. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
It encompasses a wide spectrum of hepatic conditions ranging from simple steatosis, a benign manifestation characterized by lipid accumulation exceeding 5% of liver weight excluding other etiological causes, to a more severe form, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is an autosomal recessive disease that primarily affects the hepatobiliary and renal systems. (medscape.com)
It is characterized by hepatic fibrosis, portal hypertension, and renal cystic disease. (medscape.com)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis is one of the fibropolycystic diseases, which also include Caroli disease , autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). (medscape.com)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis is associated with an impairment of renal functions, usually caused by an ARPKD, which is a severe form of polycystic kidney disease . (medscape.com)
Because of the variable clinical presentations, congenital hepatic fibrosis is believed to represent a broad spectrum of hepatic and renal lesions rather than a single clinical entity. (medscape.com)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis results from a malformation of the ductal plate (the embryological precursor of the biliary system), secondary biliary strictures, and periportal fibrosis. (medscape.com)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis is a ductal plate malformation of the small interlobular bile ducts, whereas Caroli disease involves the large intrahepatic bile ducts. (medscape.com)
The classic renal lesion associated with congenital hepatic fibrosis is ARPKD, which results in an impairment of renal functions. (medscape.com)
The relationship of ARPKD to congenital hepatic fibrosis remains a controversial issue. (medscape.com)
[ 9 ] Most cases of ARPKD and congenital hepatic fibrosis are genetically homogeneous. (medscape.com)
However, the exact pathogenesis of association between congenital hepatic fibrosis and ADPKD still requires further research and study. (medscape.com)
Congenital hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the intrahepatic form of portal hypertension, which is caused by the intrahepatic obstruction that affects the blood supply to the liver and subsequently leads to the development of cavernous transformations of the portal vein with a rise in portal venous pressure. (medscape.com)
1] The main lesions described in that study-namely, steatosis, liver cell injury, and the unique zone 3 "chicken wire" fibrosis (see the second image below)-remain central in establishing the diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Cirrhosis is defined histologically as a diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and conversion of the normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules. (medscape.com)
Hepatic fibrosis is a pathological response to chronic liver injuries such as chronic alcohol consumption, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or chronic viral infections. (lu.se)

In the current study, we investigated the role of different extracellular matrix proteins in stellate cell proliferation, activation (alpha smooth muscle actin expression and retinoic acid uptake) and cytoglobin expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, IL-6 promotes hepatic FoxM1 activation that stimulates hepatocyte proliferation through signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 [ 8 ]. (e-cmh.org)
Thus any modification of ECM components can be transmitted via integrins and impact on cell movement during development and proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis. (springer.com)

Kupffer cells. (lookformedical.com)
This image shows steatohepatitis with steatosis and predominantly macrovesicular and inflammatory foci, composed predominantly of lymphocytes and Kupffer cells in the hepatic lobules (hematoxylin-eosin stain, 200× magnification). (medscape.com)

Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was used to detect patients with MAFLD.Results: MetS and PreDM were more common in patients with MAFLD (35% vs. 8% and 34% vs. 18%, respectively). (unav.edu)
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a broad spectrum of pathological hepatic conditions ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may predispose to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (encyclopedia.pub)
The pathogenesis of NAFLD is closely related to insulin resistance (IR), adiposity and physical inactivity as well as genetic and epigenetic factors corroborate to the development and progression of hepatic steatosis and liver injury. (encyclopedia.pub)
Although the mechanism is complex and incompletely understood, a 2-hit hypothesis has been proposed,[11] in which the first hit involves an imbalance of fatty acid metabolism that leads to hepatic triglyceride accumulation (steatosis). (medscape.com)
The injury pattern of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the adult population is central zonal, with steatosis, liver cell injury, and inflammation accentuated in zone 3. (medscape.com)

In conclusion, host PEDF inhibits the progression of hepatic metastases in a mouse model of UM, and loss of PEDF is accompanied by an increase in tumor blood vessel density and type III collagen. (duke.edu)
Once activated, hepatic stellate cells acquire characteristics of another cell type called myofibroblasts - cells that abundantly produce extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen. (liversupport.com)
After one month of myofibroblast inactivity, these cells stop producing collagen and return to their normal location. (liversupport.com)
Collagen may represent a protective layer that prevents cancer cell migration, while increased stromal collagen has been demonstrated to facilitate breast cancer metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Along with lysosomal cathepsin release, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis, it leads to further inflammation, and stimulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and activation of hepatic stellate cells with collagen deposition within the hepatic sinusoids become apparent. (medscape.com)
Cyclophilin overexpression is a common event in fibrotic tissues playing a key role in different stages of the fibrotic process, including inflammation, hepatocyte death, and activation of the hepatic stellate cells leading to increased collagen production. (lu.se)
NV556 treatment in an in vitro 3D human liver Extracellular Matrix (ECM) cultured with a TGFβ1-activated human hepatic stellate cell line led to decreased collagen production. (lu.se)

Furthermore, nestin expression has been extensively used as a marker for central nervous system progenitor cells in different contexts, based on observations indicating a correlation between nestin expression and this cell type in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
Intradermal adipocyte progenitor cells are activated toward the end of the telogen phase to proliferate and differentiate into mature adipocytes. (jcadonline.com)
In health, PSCs are known to not only play a role in regulating normal extracellular matrix turnover but are also thought to have progenitor cell functions as well as a role in innate immunity. (pancreapedia.org)

In the liver, cell types such as hepatocytes, immune cells, and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) interact with each other. (frontiersin.org)
Although liver failure can be treated via hepatocyte transplantation, it also faces multiple problems comprising the shortage of high-quality hepatocytes sources, rejection of allogeneic transplants, difficulty to expand, and losing hepatic characteristics in vitro [ 7 , 8 ]. (springer.com)

Our results demonstrate that cytoglobin expression is correlated with a more quiescent phenotype of stellate cells in culture and that cytoglobin is regulated by the extracellular matrix through integrin signalling dependent on activation of focal adhesion kinase. (biomedcentral.com)
Mesenchymal cells, immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, lymphatics, and vasculature are all present in breast cancer stroma. (biomedcentral.com)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are membranous particles released by cells into the extracellular space. (mdpi.com)

Autophagy and hepatic stellate cell activation - Partners in crime? (researcher.life)
In this review, we discuss relevant recent studies of the role of autophagy in hepatic stellate cell activation. (farmacologiavalencia.es)

It is also defined as the hepatic factor interventions involving eating regimen, weight for metabolic syndrome and the most long- reduction and exercise which could decrease the established etiology for international chronic activity and biomarkers of NAFLD in adults. (egyptianjournal.xyz)
Data show that hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction is crucial to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. (medscape.com)

Common signs and symptoms may stem from decreased hepatic synthetic function (eg, coagulopathy), portal hypertension (eg, variceal bleeding), or decreased detoxification capabilities of the liver (eg, hepatic encephalopathy). (medscape.com)
The symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy may range from mild to severe and may be observed in as many as 70% of patients with cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
Findings on physical examination in hepatic encephalopathy include asterixis and fetor hepaticus. (medscape.com)
An elevated arterial or free venous serum ammonia level is the classic laboratory abnormality reported in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. (medscape.com)
Computed tomography (CT) scanning and MRI studies of the brain may be important in ruling out intracranial lesions when the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy is in question. (medscape.com)

These cells can differentiate into neurons, glia, keratinocytes, smooth muscle cells and melanocytes in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
The effect of ghrelin isoforms and LEAP-2 on TGF-& beta;1-induced HSC activation, fibrogenic response, and contractile properties was evaluated in vitro in human LX-2 cells. (unav.edu)
Hydrogen peroxide was used to induce an oxidative stress model of hepatocyte IAR-20 cells to evaluate the protective effects of BMMSCs in vitro. (medscimonit.com)
The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro in keratinocytes, the target cells in psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
We investigated the effects of various concentrations of Tan IIA (5-10 μ g/mL) on mouse keratinocytes and human HaCat cells in vitro to confirm this hypothesis. (hindawi.com)
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. (lookformedical.com)

We could confirm the increased polyploidy upon Mps1 inhibition in neuroblastoma cell lines and PDX model, leading to mitotic catastrophe activating the caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. (lu.se)

In view of the current understanding of the potentially deleterious effects of peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance, multiple hits may be possible. (medscape.com)

Specialized phagocytic cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids. (lookformedical.com)
In 1963, Popper and co-workers described mesenchymal cells not related to sinusoids and later noted that fibroblast-like cells and matrix deposits were present in ABT-737 pontent inhibitor the region immediately surrounding proliferating bile ducts in biliary cirrhosis (3, 4). (healthyconnectionsinc.com)

Although further studies are required, we provide evidence that cytoglobin is a negative regulator of stellate cell activation and therefore may represent a novel target for anti-fibrotic treatments in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, GM modulated hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation via TCR IR-mediated intrahepatic immune milieu. (frontiersin.org)
Intestinal antigens (IAg) (originating either from pathogenic microorganisms or from food) that enter the portal circulation, are captured by intrahepatic antigen-presenting cells (APCs), leading to T cell receptor (TCR) recognition and hence the activation of the adaptive immune system. (frontiersin.org)

Mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (MSCs), defined as fibroblast-like non-hematopoietic cells, have been discovered in various organs and named after their site of origin. (biomedcentral.com)
6,7 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been isolated from other sources, such as bone marrow, 8 the placenta, 9 muscle, 10 or blood. (jcadonline.com)
To improve the quality of liver grafts from extended-criteria donors donated after circulatory death (DCD), this study explored whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combined with normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) have protective effects on DCD donor livers and the effects of ferroptosis in this procedure. (medscimonit.com)
However, lineage tracing studies with hepatic stellate cells (counterparts of PSCs in the liver) have confirmed a mesenchymal origin for these cells (9). (pancreapedia.org)
mesenchymal stem cells are most commonly used because they are easy to obtain and present no ethical problems. (springer.com)
The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
Names applied to fibroblasts found in the portal region have included peribiliary fibrogenic cells unique from hepatic stellate cells as well as periductular fibroblasts and portal/periportal mesenchymal cells (16-18). (healthyconnectionsinc.com)

Although excess iron induces oxidative stress in the liver, it is unclear whether it directly activates the hepatic stellate cells (HSC). (westminster.ac.uk)

Abstract Stem cells constitute the source of cells that replenishes the worn out or damaged cells in our tissue and enable the tissue to carry out the destined function. (techscience.com)

The hepatic disease progresses to develop portal hypertension associated with splenomegaly and esophageal varices. (medscape.com)

1 Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. (nih.gov)
2 INSERM UMRS 1149 and Department of Pathology Beaujon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France. (jci.org)

They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (lookformedical.com)

Journal of Renal and Hepatic Disorders. (westminster.ac.uk)

Nestin (acronym for neuroepithelial stem cell protein) is a type VI intermediate filament (IF) protein. (wikipedia.org)
Nestin, a protein marker for neural stem cells, is also expressed in follicle stem cells and their immediate, differentiated progeny. (wikipedia.org)
The hair follicle bulge area is an abundant, easily accessible source of actively growing pluripotent adult stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Green fluorescent protein (GFP), whose expression is driven by the nestin regulatory element in transgenic mice, serves to mark hair follicle stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, hair follicle stem cells provide an effective, accessible, autologous source of stem cells for treatment of peripheral nerve injury. (wikipedia.org)
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) synthesizes monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and has been associated with the development of metabolic syndrome, tumorigenesis, and stem cell characteristics. (nih.gov)
Although many breakthroughs have been reported and hailed in scientific journals over the years, the number of regenerative medicine treatments in medical use today is still limited and the efficacy is variable and transient because more comprehensive investigation is required for understanding the biology of tissue-repair and regeneration and the cellular mechanism of stem cell niche. (techscience.com)
The focus of this special issue is to capture the current advances in cell membrane repair and stem cell regenerative biology. (techscience.com)
Tissue-specific stem cells are compartmentalized in a niche, which keeps the stem cells under quiescent condition. (techscience.com)
Thus, understanding the molecular events driving the successful differentiation of stem cells into several lineages is essential for its better manipulation of human applications. (techscience.com)
Trials with adult stem cells in acute liver damage show promising results. (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of human adipose stem cell (h-ASC) infusion in rats with chronic liver damage. (bvsalud.org)
In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that stem cells can effectively treat acute liver failure. (springer.com)

Methods Circulating (n = 179) and hepatic expression (n = 95) of ghrelin and LEAP-2 were measured in patients with severe obesity and available liver pathology analysis undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). (unav.edu)
The development of isolation and culture methods for PSCs in 1998 helped to unravel the mechanisms involved in the process of pancreatic fibrogenesis (5, 11) and also helped researchers to investigate the functions of these cells both in health and disease. (pancreapedia.org)
Furthermore, Tan IIA-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential changes were also further demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE), and flow cytometry methods. (hindawi.com)

Among these components, EVs, responsible for the communication between various cell types, are implicated in physiology and pathology. (biomedcentral.com)

In early culture, PSCs are polygonal in shape with abundant lipid droplets in the cytoplasm ( Figure 1B ) and express stellate cell selective markers such as desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, neural cell adhesion molecule, nerve growth factor, and synemin (34, 167). (pancreapedia.org)
However, lipid accumulation in non-specialized cells is deleterious and can contribute to cell death resulting in the development of pathology such as NASH (Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis) a liver injury associated with obesity [ 12 ]. (springer.com)
Ferroptosis-inducing factors can directly or indirectly affect glutathione peroxidase through different pathways, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, ultimately leading to oxidative cell death. (nature.com)
In 2012, Dixon 1 first proposed the concept of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic mode of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). (nature.com)

Whether under physiological or pathological conditions, cell death is an unavoidable and important link in the process of life and marks the end of the life of a cell. (nature.com)

Therefore, parasympathetic signaling may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with liver injury, hepatitis, and hepatic tumors. (e-cmh.org)
BMMSCs showed significant protective effects on the ultrastructure of DCD donor livers and ROS-induced injury to IAR-20 cells under electron microscopy. (medscimonit.com)
However, when the rate of liver cell injury outpaces the liver's regenerative capacity, scars form. (liversupport.com)
Published in the May 7, 2012 online Early Edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , research led by the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine investigated myofibroblasts - the cells that produce the fibrous scarring in chronic liver injury. (liversupport.com)
The inactive myofibroblasts are more vulnerable to repetitive injury than hepatic stellate cells that had never been activated. (liversupport.com)

Over the two decades since these cells were first isolated and cultured from rodent and human pancreas, research in this area has progressed at a rapid rate. (pancreapedia.org)

It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. (lookformedical.com)

Nestin has recently received attention as a marker for detecting newly formed endothelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
Nestin is an angiogenesis marker of proliferating endothelial cells in colorectal cancer tissue. (wikipedia.org)
The term mononuclear phagocyte system has replaced the former reticuloendothelial system, which also included less active phagocytic cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. (lookformedical.com)

MSCs have the capacity of multiple differentiations and self-renewal and have been proven to be able to differentiate into a series of cell lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). (springer.com)

It does not have the morphological characteristics of typical necrosis, such as swelling of the cytoplasm and organelles and rupture of the cell membrane, nor does it have the characteristics of traditional cell apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies and disintegration of the cytoskeleton. (nature.com)

Background, Nomenclature, and Markers Website fibroblasts (PF) had been reported as specific cells as soon as 1961, when Carruthers and co-workers utilized light and electron microscopy to review the rat portal system after bile duct ligation (BDL) (1, 2). (healthyconnectionsinc.com)

Treatment with the novel cyclophilin inhibitor NV651, presented a potent antiproliferative effect in HCC cell lines via cell cycle perturbations arresting cells in the mitotic phase. (lu.se)

Excessive Iron Induces Oxidative Stress Promoting Cellular Perturbations and Insulin Secretory Dysfunction in MIN6 Beta Cells. (westminster.ac.uk)

The interaction between the GM and intrahepatic immune microenvironment is regulated and stabilized by a complex network of factors including IAg, immune cells, and cytokines. (frontiersin.org)
A more tissue-centric view of these processes, claiming that the tissues define phenotype and function of resident and infiltrating immune cells to meet tissues needs during homeostasis and disease, seems provocative [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

They are specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. (lookformedical.com)

These predicted interactions were supported by the parallel appearance of markedly increased direct stellate cell-cell contacts in murine NASH. (mssm.edu)
Knockdown of circDcbld2 markedly alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory responses in ALI mice and RAW264.7 cells. (bvsalud.org)
However, protein levels of components of cell membranes, vesicles and synapses, RNA modulation, and cellular structures (including tau and tubulin filaments) are markedly altered from the age of 75. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

The ductal plate is the cylindrical layer of cells that surrounds a branch of the portal vein. (medscape.com)
During angiography, a catheter is placed selectively via either the transjugular or transfemoral route into the hepatic vein to measure portal pressure. (medscape.com)

We found that expression of the circular RNA circDcbld2 was significantly elevated in the liver tissues of ALI mice and LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. (bvsalud.org)
PURPOSE: This study elucidates the pivotal role of LA in alleviating inflammation by regulating gut metabiota-derived metabolites and evaluating its regulative effects on promoting a balance of Th17/Treg cells in colitis mice. (bvsalud.org)
Mouse melanoma cells were injected into the posterior ocular compartment of PEDF-null mice and control mice. (duke.edu)

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are resident cells of the pancreas, found in both the exocrine and endocrine parts of the gland. (pancreapedia.org)
An improved understanding of PSC biology and of the interactions of PSCs with other pancreatic cells provides a strong platform for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for notoriously hard to treat diseases of the pancreas such as chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. (pancreapedia.org)
A ) Normal rat pancreatic stellate cells stained for cytoskeletal protein desmin. (pancreapedia.org)
Photomicrograph showing a normal rat pancreatic section immunostained for the stellate cell selective marker desmin (left) and a corresponding line diagram (right). (pancreapedia.org)

With chronic liver disease, normal liver regeneration may not occur because hepatic stellate cells become activated and launch an inflammatory and fibrotic cascade. (liversupport.com)

During neuro- and gliogenesis, nestin is replaced by cell type-specific intermediate filaments, e.g. neurofilaments and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). (wikipedia.org)

PSCs in their native state express abundant vitamin A (retinoids) containing droplets in their cytoplasm which is a characteristic feature of the "stellate cell system" in the body (138). (pancreapedia.org)
Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells. (lookformedical.com)

Adipose cells organized in small clusters under the reticular dermis closely interact with hair follicular cells and regulate the hair cycle. (jcadonline.com)
26,27 Dermal adipocytes are organized in small clusters under the reticular dermis and interact with the hair follicular cells regulating the hair cycle. (jcadonline.com)
ECM components (i.e., fibronectin or collagens) directly interact with membrane receptors (i.e., integrins), particularly, by influencing cell behavior. (springer.com)

Cell 170 , 1134-1148 (2017). (nature.com)

Thus, organ- and disease phase-specific microenvironments determine macrophage and dendritic cell heterogeneity in a temporal and spatial manner, which assures their support to maintain and regain homeostasis in whatever condition. (hindawi.com)
This slightly different perspective may somewhat shape our understanding of macrophage heterogeneity and tissue pathology but certainly also raise new questions for future research. (hindawi.com)

Zika Virus Biology, Transmission, and Pathology. (westminster.ac.uk)
from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed. (lookformedical.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms10

Diseases21

Chemicals and Drugs58

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes27

Disciplines and Occupations4

Information Science1

HSCs11

Fibrosis45

Proliferation3

Kupffer2

Steatosis5

Collagen7

Progenitor3

Hepatocytes2

Extracellular3

Autophagy2

NAFLD2

Encephalopathy5

Vitro6

Inhibition1

Insulin Resistance1

Sinusoids2

Activation3

Mesenchymal7

Activates1

Abstract1

Portal hypertension1

Department of Pathology2

Lesions1

Disorders1

Stem13

Methods3

Physiology1

Lipid4

Pathological1

Injury5

Rodent1

Tumor1

Endothelial3

Hepatocyte1

Characteristics1

Fibroblasts1

Inhibitor1

Oxidative Stress1

Immune cells2

Lobules1

Markedly3

Vein2

Mice3

Pancreatic4

Chronic1

Glial fibrill1

Cytoplasm2

Interact3

20171

Macrophage2

Biology2