AntibodiesComplex gangliosidesMechanismsCeramideAntigensGlycolipidsNeuronalParkinson'sGD1bAutoimmune diseasesNeuronsSulfatidesMelanomaNeuralTherapeutic strategiesMolecularMetabolismMitochondriaCellsDisorderViralUnderstoodProteinsAxonsCharacterizationAntigenDisordersProteinMutationsHuNoVClinicalInfectionBrainSelf-tissueSymptomsDevelopmentFoundDamageCellAcidDiseaseNormalStudiesTypeSpecific
Antibodies12
- In this article, we discuss the different clinical presentations in GBS and the role of antiganglioside antibodies in their underlying pathogenesis. (afpm.org.my)
- A novel ganglioside, 9-O-acetyl GD1b, is recognized by serum antibodies in Guillain-Barré syndrome. (unicamp.br)
- therefore, this ganglioside can serve as a target antigen against the antibodies present in Guillain-Barré syndrome. (unicamp.br)
- Outcomes and Conclusions Within this research we initial developed a fresh transgenic mouse style of AMAN using mice LY2886721 that exhibit complex gangliosides solely in neurons thus enabling specific concentrating on of axons with anti-ganglioside antibodies. (liveconscience.com)
- Anti-ganglioside antibodies after that focus on nerve surface area gangliosides glycolipids within anxious tissues membranes [20] extensively. (liveconscience.com)
- Specifically the axonal variant of GBS (severe electric motor axonal neuropathy AMAN) is normally strongly connected with circulating anti-GM1 and GD1a ganglioside antibodies [17 25 that may focus on and bind to axonal and nodal membranes whilst the Miller Fisher symptoms (MFS) variant is normally connected with circulating anti-GQ1b ganglioside antibodies with distinctive tissues specificity for cranial nerves [3]. (liveconscience.com)
- IgG antibodies in opposition to gangliosides GM1 and GD1a are strongly related to motor axonal variants of Guillain-Barré syndrome, and anti-GQ1b with Miller Fisher syndrome. (aetox.com)
- GBS cluster sufferers have been characterised by a extra extreme medical phenotype with extra sufferers requiring mechanical air flow and better frequencies of auto antibodies in opposition to sulfatide, GalC and sure ganglioside epitopes (54 %) as in comparison with sporadic GBS circumstances. (aetox.com)
- We sought to determine whether immune reactivity occurs between anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein antibodies and human tissue antigens, and whether molecular mimicry between COVID-19 viral proteins and human tissues could be the cause. (frontiersin.org)
- We applied both human monoclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (spike protein, nucleoprotein) and rabbit polyclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (envelope protein, membrane protein) to 55 different tissue antigens. (frontiersin.org)
- We found that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies had reactions with 28 out of 55 tissue antigens, representing a diversity of tissue groups that included barrier proteins, gastrointestinal, thyroid and neural tissues, and more. (frontiersin.org)
- In this mechanism, antibodies formed against SARS-CoV-2 would also bind to human tissue proteins leading to autoimmune reactivity. (frontiersin.org)
Complex gangliosides1
- GM3 serves as a precursor for other, more complex gangliosides. (wikipedia.org)
Mechanisms4
- She discusses commonly accepted pathogenic mechanisms, although pathogenesis is still largely unknown. (medlink.com)
- Molecular Mechanisms of Disease Pathogenesis Differ in Krabbe Disease Variants. (aetox.com)
- This report describes the role of neuroprotection in acute disorders such as stroke and injuries of the nervous system as well as in chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders because many of the underlying mechanisms of damage to neural tissues are similar in all these conditions and several products are used in more than one disorder. (researchandmarkets.com)
- Introduction The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a quickly developing global health crisis, yet the mechanisms of pathogenesis in COVID-19 are not fully understood. (academic-accelerator.com)
Ceramide3
- Gangliosides are a family of conjugates consisting of a polar sialoglycan head group and a hydrophobic ceramide tail. (chimia.ch)
- GM3 is the most common membrane-bound glycosphingolipid in tissues, composed of three monosaccharide groups attached to a ceramide backbone. (wikipedia.org)
- It is phosphorylated by ceramide kinase (CK) to form ceramide-1-phosphate or it can be glycosylated by glucosylceramide synthase to form glycosphingolipids (cerebrosides, globosides, gangliosides). (frontiersin.org)
Antigens3
- Of note, various autoantibodies against ganglioside antigens have been identified and found to have significant associations with the axonal forms of GBS and Fisher syndrome. (afpm.org.my)
- We also did selective epitope mapping using BLAST and showed similarities and homology between spike, nucleoprotein, and many other SARS-CoV-2 proteins with the human tissue antigens mitochondria M2, F-actin and TPO. (frontiersin.org)
- Antigens released from damaged tissue are taken up by APCs, and this initiates a self-specific immune response. (jontristermd.com)
Glycolipids1
- Gangliosides are predominantly cell-surface glycolipids highly expressed in nervous tissue, whilst lipo-oligosaccharides are major components of the Gram-negative bacterium C. jejuni outer membrane. (afpm.org.my)
Neuronal3
- Gangliosides are of high abundance in neuronal tissues and are involved in numerous biological processes, such as cell-cell recognition, adhesion, and signal transduction. (chimia.ch)
- [ 10 ] Recently, inflammation has been investigated as having a major role in pathogenesis and could explain some of the neuronal dysfunction. (medscape.com)
- One of the most challenging aspects in pathogenesis of these disorders is the mechanism responsible for neuronal migration defects. (medscape.com)
Parkinson's1
- Alteration of the ganglioside profile is associated with various neurodegenerative diseases and there is indication that gangliosides are involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. (chimia.ch)
GD1b1
- 9-O-acetyl GD1b was also found to be present in human peripheral nerve tissue. (unicamp.br)
Autoimmune diseases1
- However the improved understanding of the complexity of the immune system has significantly influenced the way we view autoimmune diseases and their pathogeneses. (hindawi.com)
Neurons2
- Gangliosides are normal components of cell membranes, particularly neurons, and G M1 is the major ganglioside in the vertebrate brain. (medscape.com)
- Nevertheless since gangliosides are broadly portrayed in neurons and glial cells damage within this model had not LY2886721 been targeted exclusively towards the axon and there are no 100 % pure mouse versions for AMAN. (liveconscience.com)
Sulfatides1
- Even more CP-868596 latest research of antigen-specific Compact disc1-limited Testosterone levels cell imitations obviously record autoreactivity also, and self-lipid ligands such as sulfatides, gangliosides, and squalene possess been discovered21,30,31. (bio2009.org)
Melanoma1
- Extracellular vesicle DNA from human melanoma tissues contains cancer-specific mutations. (gu.se)
Neural2
- [ 1 ] In addition, the ganglioside meganeurites and ectopic dendrites could alter the electrical properties of the neuron, leading to neural dysfunction. (medscape.com)
- Gradually, the majority of patients with RRMS will transition into secondary progressive MS (SPMS) having accumulated neural tissue damage and hence disability [ 2 ]. (medsci.org)
Therapeutic strategies1
- This paper mainly reviews the clinical features, pathogenesis, and therapeutic strategies of neurologic ir-AEs. (hindawi.com)
Molecular3
- Its disease models are helpful to further understand the molecular pathogenesis as well as to develop new treatments in Guillain-Barré syndrome. (afpm.org.my)
- The classification of illness pathogenesis introduced right here offers a molecular framework for acceptable concentrating on of future Krabbe illness therapies. (aetox.com)
- Several studies have identified oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, apoptosis, neurofilament dysfunction, protein misfolding and aggregation, impairment of RNA processing, disrupted axonal transport, endosomal trafficking dysfunction, inflammation, and mitochondrial impairment as the molecular pathways which lead to the disease and indicate ALS pathogenesis. (encyclopedia.pub)
Metabolism1
- Their function is indispensable in human metabolism and includes beta-oxidation of fatty acids, biosynthesis of ether phospholipids (including plasmalogen and platelet activating factor [PAF]), biosynthesis of cholesterol and other isoprenoids, detoxification of glycolate to glycine (the accumulation of glycolate leads to precipitation of calcium oxalate in various tissues, with subsequent deleterious effects), and oxidation of L-pipecolic acid (the function of which is incompletely understood). (medscape.com)
Mitochondria1
- Thus, mitochondria are the main source of energy for all human tissues. (medlink.com)
Cells6
- In affected individuals, lipids accumulate abnormally in cells and tissues throughout the body, particularly around the joints. (medlineplus.gov)
- Studies have shown that exosomes microRNAs from different cells or tissue sources play an important role in cardiovascular diseases including PH and is expected to become a new way to treat PH. (imrpress.com)
- Therefore, this article reviews the role of microRNAs from different cells or tissue sources in the occurrence and development of PH. (imrpress.com)
- Furthermore, publicity of myeloid cells to decidual fats network marketing leads to an boost in surface area reflection of Compact disc1c and Compact disc1a, offering a applicant system of tissue-guided Compact disc1-related difference CP-868596 in the uterus. (bio2009.org)
- Isolation and characterisation of lymphatic endothelial cells from lung tissues affected by lymphangioleiomyomatosis. (ailam.it)
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS-IIIA) is a childhood metabolic neuropathology caused by the inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme sulfamidase and is characterized by the accumulation of undegraded glycosaminoglycans in the lysosomes of cells and tissues of affected patients. (pediatricendoreviews.com)
Disorder3
- G M1 gangliosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the generalized accumulation of G M1 ganglioside, oligosaccharides, and the mucopolysaccharide keratan sulfate (and their derivatives). (medscape.com)
- Clues to the pathogenesis of the disorder arise from the observation that both the neurological and hematological systems are affected. (medscape.com)
- The results not only can help to establish early diagnosis and risk assessment criteria for T1D, but also help to understand the pathogenesis of this disorder when combined with mechanistic studies using cell line and animal models. (uncg.edu)
Viral1
- Thus, studies in animal models are critical for gaining a greater understanding of viral pathogenesis as well as the development of vaccines and therapeutics. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Understood2
- At present, the exact pathogenesis of PH is not fully understood, therefore, the treatment is correspondingly more difficult. (imrpress.com)
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: While underlying pathophysiology linking obesity to brain health is not completely understood, white adipose tissue (WAT) is considered a key player. (tno.nl)
Proteins2
- Cross-reactivity occurs when amino acid sequence homology exists between a pathogen and self-tissue proteins ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
- We believe the answer is probable, since some of the systemic disease clinical manifestations of COVID-19 cannot be explained solely by the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins with cell membranes of tissues that exhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (frontiersin.org)
Axons1
- Furthermore, VLCFAs are postulated to be components of gangliosides and cell-adhesion molecules in growing axons and radial glia, and hence contribute to migrational defects in the CNS. (medscape.com)
Characterization2
- In this article, the strengths of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) for baseline separation of gangliosides, including two structural isomers, and their structural characterization by tandem mass spectrometry are demonstrated. (chimia.ch)
- We are funded by the NIH for a comprehensive identification of biomarkers correlated to the progression of this disease, through proteomic, lipidomic, and metabolomic characterization of human pancreatic tissues and longitudinally collected serum samples, as well as for a comprehensive validation of the candidate markers in diseases that share the similar clinical and immunological outcomes with T1D. (uncg.edu)
Antigen2
- Saliva binding assays showed that only GII.4 interacted with nonsecretor saliva via the Lewis a (Lea) antigen Surprisingly, the three genotypes interacted with nonsecretor enterocytes via the Lea antigen on duodenal tissue blocks, which were more relevant for HuNoV/HBGA studies. (bvsalud.org)
- The Lea antigen also played a pivotal role in the recognition of GII.4 and GII.17 particles by inflammatory colon tissue from a nonsecretor Crohn's disease patient. (bvsalud.org)
Disorders1
- Thus, our results can establish the potential risk for autoimmunity and multi-system disorders with COVID-19 that may come from cross-reactivity between our own human tissues and this dreaded virus, and thus ensure that the badly-needed vaccines and treatments being developed for it are truly safe to use against this disease. (frontiersin.org)
Protein1
- A hitherto undescribed ganglioside was detected in a crude ganglioside fraction of bovine brain using an IgM M-protein binding to Gal beta 1, 3GalNAc residue. (unicamp.br)
Mutations1
- At present, mutations in over 50 genes have been shown to contribute to the ALS pathogenesis [ 8 ] [ 9 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
HuNoV2
- We also analyzed HuNoV VLP interactions on duodenum tissue blocks from healthy nonsecretor individuals. (bvsalud.org)
- We also showed that Lea is expressed in inflammatory/regenerative tissues and interacts with HuNoV in a nonsecretor individual. (bvsalud.org)
Clinical1
- Numerous clinical trials conducted in participants living with relapsing MS and PPMS have contributed to the understanding of MS pathogenesis allowing for development and management of this heterogeneous disease through targeted disease modifying therapies (DMTs) as the stochastic nature of symptoms evolve [ 4 ]. (medsci.org)
Infection1
- Studies have shown that bacterial materials and DNA can persist in host tissue for some years after infection, so it is possible that ongoing immunity against the bacteria may lead to bystander damage to the organ. (jontristermd.com)
Brain1
- In severe cases, people experience progressive decline in brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) function, a buildup of fluid in the brain (hydrocephalus), loss (atrophy) of brain tissue, paralysis of the arms and legs (quadriplegia), loss of speech, or involuntary muscle jerks (myoclonus). (medlineplus.gov)
Self-tissue1
- In this model the immune response to a persisting pathogen, or direct lysis by the persisting pathogen, causes damage to self-tissue. (jontristermd.com)
Symptoms1
- These treatments can effectively improve the symptoms of PH patients, prolong the life of patients, but can't completely cure the symptoms of PH, therefore, in order to find some more effective treatments, people need to invest more time and energy to study its pathogenesis. (imrpress.com)
Development1
- The development of refined methods for the analysis of gangliosides by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) has supported research with qualitative and quantitative data. (chimia.ch)
Found2
- G M1 ganglioside and its derivative asialo-G M1 ganglioside (GA1), glycoprotein-derived oligosaccharides, and keratan sulfate are found at elevated intracellular concentrations. (medscape.com)
- IgG autoantibodies to GM1 gangliosideM1were found in the sera from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. (afpm.org.my)
Damage1
- Immune checkpoints refer to a variety of inhibitory pathways integral to the immune system that maintain self-tolerance and modulate the duration and magnitude of physiological immune responses to minimize collateral tissue damage. (jneurology.com)
Cell1
- in autopsy tissues [8 9 even though they take part in clearance of particles to market recovery they may possibly also have a job in expanding anxious injury through supplement directed cell-mediated strike. (liveconscience.com)
Acid3
- Acid β -galactosidase is a lysosomal hydrolase that catalyzes the removal of the terminal β -linked galactose from glycoconjugates (eg, G M1 ganglioside), generating G M2 ganglioside. (medscape.com)
- Deficiency of acid β -galactosidase results in the accumulation of glycoconjugates in body tissues and their excretion in urine. (medscape.com)
- The letter G refers to ganglioside, and M is for monosialic acid as it has one sialic acid only. (wikipedia.org)
Disease1
- Finally, we performed a VLP binding assay on proximal and distal colon tissue blocks from a nonsecretor patient with Crohn's disease. (bvsalud.org)
Normal2
- Durable responses and prolongation of survival come at a price of frequent immune-related adverse events resulting from inflammation of normal tissues. (jneurology.com)
- Durable responses and prolongation of survival with immune checkpoint inhibitors come at a price of frequent immune-related toxicities resulting from inflammation of normal tissues. (jneurology.com)
Studies1
- Since the end of the 19th century, there have been many studies on ALS, but its pathogenesis is still unclear [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Type1
- GM3 (monosialodihexosylganglioside) is a type of ganglioside. (wikipedia.org)
Specific1
- VLP binding to inflammatory tissues was genotype specific since GII.4 and GII.17 VLPs were able to interact with regenerative mucosa, whereas GII.3 VLP was not. (bvsalud.org)