• Atherosclerosis has a predilection for certain arteries, including the extracranial carotid artery. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment of atherosclerosis of the carotid artery is dependent on the severity and degree of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • Whereas visceral abdominal adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with cardiometabolic risk, there is debate regarding the role of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (biomedcentral.com)
  • SFT assessed by US was inversely associated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM, particularly men. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, no previously published studies investigated the effects of SFT on US to detect carotid atherosclerosis in T2DM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate and compare the relationships of SFT and VFT with carotid atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with T2DM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among them, patients who had undergone thorough evaluations for carotid atherosclerosis and abdominal SFT and VFT were included in this study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Atherosclerosis can cause a heart attack if plaque builds up in the coronary arteries, and can cause a stroke if it accumulates in the carotid arteries. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • The problem with atherosclerosis is its presence may not cause signs or symptoms until the carotid arteries are severely narrowed or blocked, unfortunately after a first stroke has already taken place. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • [ 23 ] found that transcendental meditation was associated with reduced carotid atherosclerosis. (medscape.com)
  • Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) and visceral fat thickness (VFT) were assessed by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography (US). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some assessments including anthropometric assessment, casual blood pressure measurement, and ankle-brachial index have an established clinical application while others including pulse wave velocity, heart rate variability, and carotid intima-media thickness have no established application and do not have reference values for healthy Brazilian population but may be important predictors of cardiovascular outcomes. (scielosp.org)
  • Atherosclerotic plaque removed at time of carotid endarterectomy (areas of ulceration with thrombus and intraplaque hemorrhage are present). (medscape.com)
  • Two factors characteristic of those whose treatment was successful were dramatic improvement of symptoms after partial recanalization achieved within 3 hours of onset and stabilized improvement after subsequent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or carotid endarterectomy for residual atherosclerotic stenosis at the ICA origin. (ajnr.org)
  • A technician or doctor puts a gel on the patient's neck where the carotid arteries are located. (daviddarling.info)
  • Your technician will put gel on your neck where your carotid arteries are located and use a hand-held device called a transducer that can send and receive ultrasound waves that measures their echoes as they rebound off the artery walls and blood cells. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • If a patient had a procedure called carotid stenting , the doctor may order a carotid ultrasound afterward to check the position of the stent put in the carotid artery. (daviddarling.info)
  • Arteriogram of carotid stenosis. (medscape.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Analysis of the perception of the disease in borderline stenosis of the orifice of the internal carotid artery (ICA) (up to 69% in diameter) in asymptomatic patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is necessary to perform the psychological work with patients with carotid stenosis in order to form in them more adaptive types of perception of the disease, understanding of the disease and a positive attitude towards treatment. (bvsalud.org)
  • The carotid bodies contain chemoreceptor cells that respond to hypoxia and hypercapnia/acidosis of the arterial blood. (nih.gov)
  • The neural response to the arterial O(2) and CO(2) levels is assumed to be mediated via the controller's intracellular O(2) partial pressure and pH. (nih.gov)
  • Reducing blood flow increases neural stimulus but decreases sensitivity to changes in the partial pressures of arterial O(2) and CO(2). (nih.gov)
  • Impulse rate for carotid bodies is particularly sensitive to changes in arterial PO2 in the range of 60 down to 30 mm Hg, a range in which hemoglobin saturation with oxygen decreases rapidly. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ascent to high altitude exposes to decreased oxygen partial pressure due to the decrease of barometric pressure, inducing physiological responses such as increased ventilation and heart rate (HR), dedicated to maintain arterial oxygen saturation, blood pressure and homeostasis ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • These diagnostic norms combined with the optimal concentration of CO2 in arterial blood of 40mmHg partial pressure (based on the previous discussion about the Bohr Effect), will ensure that the pH of the blood is maintained at its ideal levels (7.35-7.45), and result in optimal energy production in cells. (timaltman.com.au)
  • 1 Common tumour sites include the carotid body in the head and neck and adrenal and extra-adrenal paraganglia in the abdomen. (bmj.com)
  • Carotid ultrasound is a painless and harmless test that uses high-frequency sound waves (see also ultrasound scanning ) to create images of the insides of the two large arteries in the neck . (daviddarling.info)
  • There is one carotid artery on each side of the neck. (daviddarling.info)
  • A doctor can hear a carotid bruit with the help of a stethoscope put on the neck over the carotid artery. (daviddarling.info)
  • An embolism, either plaque or clot, may also originate in a large artery (for example, the carotid artery, a major artery in the neck that supplies blood to the brain) and then travel downstream to clog a small artery within the brain. (medicinenet.com)
  • However wounds to the neck sustained by a high-powered military style rifle such as the ones likely used in the shootout carry an immense amount of energy and generally require formal neck exploration in the operating room to rule out injury to the neck arteries (carotid and vertebral), veins, esophagus, and trachea. (insidesurgery.com)
  • There are also newer techniques such as embolization that can be used in a partial circumferential injury to a neck artery, particularly if the injury is the posterior vertebral artery. (insidesurgery.com)
  • The carotid arteries come up through either side of the front of the neck. (adam.com)
  • To feel the pulse of a carotid artery, place your fingertips gently against either side of your neck, right under the jaw. (adam.com)
  • Figure A shows where the right carotid artery is located in the head and neck. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • The Meckel cartilage, head and neck of the malleus, and body and short process of the incus are generated from the first branchial arch. (ejao.org)
  • Falls in CO that occur as a consequence of hypoxia would lead to closure of this potassium channel and this would lead to membrane depolarisation and consequence activation of the carotid body. (wikipedia.org)
  • AMPK has a number of targets and it appears that, in the carotid body, when AMPK is activated by hypoxia, it leads to downstream potassium channel closure of both O2-sentive TASK-like and BK channels An increased PCO2 is detected because the CO2 diffuses into the cell, where it increases the concentration of carbonic acid and thus protons. (wikipedia.org)
  • In conclusion, this study adds information on genetic factors involved in individual vulnerability to acute hypoxia and supports the critical role of the ≪ O 2 sensor ≫ - heme oxygenase-2 - in the chemosensitivity of carotid bodies in Humans. (frontiersin.org)
  • The most important immediate response of the body to hypoxia is an increase in minute ventilation, called the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR), and is triggered by oxygen sensing cells in the carotid bodies. (medscape.com)
  • The expert testified that the injury depicted on the imaging of the brain obtained within days of the child's birth demonstrated a mixed pattern of partial prolonged hypoxia with anoxia, which was consistent with the injury occurring during the mother's labor. (milawyersweekly.com)
  • Hypoxia is a warning signal for imminent failure of vital body organs like the kidneys, brain, heart and is usually accompanied by prominent breathlessness. (drakarun.com)
  • 3. ACE2 receptors are present on brain cells that respond to hypoxia: Hypoxemia induces breathing difficulty through special chemical receptors called carotid bodies present in the brain. (drakarun.com)
  • 5. Fever may affect the way our body responds to hypoxia: Fever, a symptom of COVID-19, may have something to do with happy hypoxia. (drakarun.com)
  • The result is a reduction in oxygen sufficient to cause tissue damage (histiotoxic hypoxia) throughout the body, with the most vulnerable tissues being those with high oxygen demands and/or a deficiency in detoxifying enzymes such as rhodanese. (cdc.gov)
  • A bruit can mean that there's a partial blockage in the carotid artery that could lead to a stroke. (daviddarling.info)
  • Figure A shows how the ultrasound probe is placed over the carotid artery. (daviddarling.info)
  • Figure B is a color ultrasound image showing blood flow (the red color in the image) in the carotid artery. (daviddarling.info)
  • Carotid ultrasound shows whether a material called plaque has narrowed the carotid arteries. (daviddarling.info)
  • A standard carotid ultrasound shows the structure of a carotid artery. (daviddarling.info)
  • A doctor often will need results from both types of ultrasound to fully assess if there is a problem with blood flow through the carotid arteries. (daviddarling.info)
  • Who needs carotid ultrasound? (daviddarling.info)
  • A carotid ultrasound also may be done to see whether carotid artery surgery has restored normal blood flow. (daviddarling.info)
  • Sometimes carotid ultrasound is used as a preventive screening test in people who have medical conditions that increase their risk of stroke, including high blood pressure and diabetes . (daviddarling.info)
  • Carotid ultrasound is a painless test, and typically there is little to do in advance. (daviddarling.info)
  • Carotid ultrasound is usually done in a doctor's office or hospital. (daviddarling.info)
  • The ultrasound machine includes a computer, a video screen, and a transducer, which is a hand-held device that sends and receives ultrasound waves into and from the body. (daviddarling.info)
  • Usually there is nothing special the patient has to do after a carotid ultrasound, and he or she should be able to return to normal activities immediately. (daviddarling.info)
  • Often the patient will be told the results of the carotid ultrasound when it occurs or soon afterward. (daviddarling.info)
  • What does carotid ultrasound show? (daviddarling.info)
  • A carotid ultrasound can show whether buildup of plaque has narrowed one or both of the carotid arteries and reduced blood flow to the brain. (daviddarling.info)
  • Carotid ultrasound is a pain-free, simple and safe test that uses high-frequency sound waves so your doctor can evaluate the condition of your carotid arteries. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • What can I expect during the carotid ultrasound test? (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • Where will the carotid ultrasound test be performed? (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • Has an abnormal sound in the carotid artery called a carotid bruit. (daviddarling.info)
  • Damage to the carotid artery would likely be managed surgically with debridement and then with a patch angioplasty or artery harvested from elsewhere the body or from cadaver artery. (insidesurgery.com)
  • Patients with inadequate carotid body response (genetic or acquired, eg, after surgery or radiation) or pulmonary or renal disease may have an insufficient HVR and thus not adapt well to high altitude. (medscape.com)
  • See what Prescan's patients have to say about our body scans. (prescan.co.uk)
  • A large retrospective, multicenter, international study analyzed the long-term outcome in 132 patients with primary radiation treatment or radiation after partial resection of a glomus tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Results of urgent thrombolysis in patients with major stroke and atherothrombotic occlusion of the cervical internal carotid artery. (ajnr.org)
  • To determine the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and HT in paediatric diabetic patients seen at Tygerberg Hospital (TBH) and establish whether either is associated with body mass index (BMI), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) or duration of diabetes. (who.int)
  • CT is an excellent modality for detecting tumors anywhere in the body, but it has the disadvantage of ionizing radiation, which may become problematic in screening asymptomatic patients and at-risk relatives. (medscape.com)
  • An example is given in which relatively small changes in blood flow significantly modify the carotid body sensitivity to CO(2). (nih.gov)
  • More specifically, the sensitivity of carotid body chemoreceptors to decreased PO2 is greater when pH is decreased and PCO2 is increased. (wikipedia.org)
  • The body scan excellent consists of MRI scans of your vital organs and blood vessels, as well as a CT scan of the heart, which screens for calcification of the coronary arteries. (prescan.co.uk)
  • Too much plaque in a carotid artery can cause a stroke . (daviddarling.info)
  • If the carotid arteries are narrowed by plaque, the patient may be at risk for having a stroke. (daviddarling.info)
  • To reduce the patient's risk for stroke, his or her doctor may recommend medical or surgical treatments to reduce or remove the plaque buildup in the carotid arteries. (daviddarling.info)
  • A stroke , also known as a cerebrovascular accident or CVA is when part of the brain loses its blood supply and the part of the body that the blood-deprived brain cells control stops working. (medicinenet.com)
  • Some migraine headache episodes can even mimic stroke with loss of function of one side of the body or vision or speech problems. (medicinenet.com)
  • Lifestyle changes, medical procedures and prescription medications can help prevent or treat carotid artery disease and may reduce the risk of stroke. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • like veins, lymph vessels transport lymph from body tissues to the chest, where it enters the cardiovascular system. (studystack.com)
  • As summarized in a review article on use of mind-body therapies in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, [ 17 ] both laboratory studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that these techniques are effective in reducing stress, restructuring behaviors, and reducing heart rate reactivity, blood pressure, and resting heart rate. (medscape.com)
  • pAO2 is also used in part (via receptors in the carotid arteries), but, as oxygen availability in cells is directly related to pACO2 (The Bohr Effect), CO2 concentrations remain the primary determinant. (timaltman.com.au)
  • ACE2 receptors, the cell surface receptors that the COVID-19 causing virus uses to enter healthy cells, are present on carotid bodies too. (drakarun.com)
  • The carotid body functions as a sensor: it responds to a stimulus, primarily O2 partial pressure, which is detected by the type I (glomus) cells, and triggers an action potential through the afferent fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve, which relays the information to the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a result of the deprived blood and oxygen, the cells of that part of the brain die, and the part of the body that it controls stops working. (medicinenet.com)
  • All arteries, with exception of the pulmonary artery, carry oxygen & nutrients from the heart to the body cells. (studystack.com)
  • The input for a negative feedback loop that maintains homeostasis by detecting oxygen concentrations is a sensor (the carotid body) located on the interior of the carotid artery. (uniontestprep.com)
  • Can carotid body perfusion act as a respiratory controller? (nih.gov)
  • The objective of the work was to test whether physiologically feasible reductions in carotid body perfusion could explain such respiratory overdrive using a flow-sensitive mathematical model of the carotid body chemoreception. (nih.gov)
  • Although the entire body is affected by cyanide exposure, adverse effects on the central nervous system are of the most consequence to the organism because of the high metabolic demand for oxygen in neurons and its control of respiratory function. (cdc.gov)
  • This article describes the history and impact of this process as it occurs in the extracranial carotid artery. (medscape.com)
  • The Inferior Vena Cava carries blood to the heart from body parts below the diaphragm, & the Superior Vena Cava returns the blood to the heart from the upper part of the body. (studystack.com)
  • Scleredema diabeticorum is an infrequently seen connective tissue disorder that effects upper part of the body. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • These arteries, called carotid arteries , supply the brain with blood . (daviddarling.info)
  • At the Circle of Willis, the internal carotid arteries branch into smaller arteries that supply oxygenated blood to over 80% of the brain. (adam.com)
  • [ 13 ] Most centers perform separate MRI exams for each body region (abdomen, brain, spine), necessitating multiple expensive examinations. (medscape.com)
  • A body scan excellent consists of MRI scans of your vital organs and blood vessels, CT scan of the heart/calcification score and a laboratory examination. (prescan.co.uk)
  • This can limit blood flow to your organs and other parts of your body. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • PURPOSE Atherothrombotic occlusion of the cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) without collateral flow is one of the most critical forms of acute ischemia. (ajnr.org)
  • In partial correlation coefficient analyses between CIMT and abdominal fat thickness after adjustment for body mass index (BMI), SFT showed a negative correlation with CIMT in men (r = -0.27, p = 0.03). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carotid artery disease causes more than fifty percent of the strokes that occur in the United States. (thecardiacinstitute.com)
  • A simple test of physiology and function that looks for thermal abnormalities in the body to indicate early or established disease processes or pathology. (southwestmedicalthermalimaging.com)
  • Perhaps because breathing is so central to our functioning at all levels of the body and in all systems of the body, the side effects of over breathing are not as obvious as they are with the above abnormalities in our physiology or biochemistry. (timaltman.com.au)