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TrichinellosisTrichinella spiralisTrichinellaMastocytosisNematodaWalrusesFood ParasitologyAntibodies, HelminthAscaris suumHaemonchusUrsidaeNematode InfectionsHelminth ProteinsCarnivoraAntinematodal AgentsStrongyloides rattiLarvaIdahoFuneral RitesAntigens, HelminthAscarisMeatAnthelminticsDNA, HelminthBrugia malayiTrichostrongyloideaMeat ProductsTylenchoideaRNA, HelminthAscaridiaMebendazoleOesophagostomumAnimals, WildSus scrofaDictyocaulusTylenchidaGenes, HelminthGenome, HelminthOstertagiaDisease OutbreaksHost-Parasite InteractionsCaenorhabditis elegansTrichostrongylusHaemonchiasisAlbendazoleRhabditoideaFood IndustryStrongyloidesFood ContaminationStrongylidaStrongylida Infections
SpiralisControl of trichinellosisParasitesInfectionTrichinosisSpeciesInfective larvaeFood-borneEpidemiologyAsymptomaticRoundwormMeatHumansSylvaticDupouy-CametDiagnosisGenusInfectionsDiaphragmGastrointestinalOccurCyclesComplementEggsHumanWorldwideAdultsPorkCasesApproximatelyLife cyclePublic healthMuscleSystemSamplesHistoryDogsEnglish
Spiralis10
  • In Vietnam ( 11 ) and Laos ( 12 ), several outbreaks were reported involving T. spiralis nematodes. (cdc.gov)
  • However, in Thailand, several human outbreaks involving T. spiralis , T. pseudospiralis , and T. papuae nematodes were reported ( 13 , 14 ). (cdc.gov)
  • History of trichinosis: Paget, Owends and the discovery of Trichinella spiralis. (cdc.gov)
  • Trichinosis is infection with Trichinella spiralis or related Trichinella species. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In addition to the classic agent Trichinella spiralis , trichinosis can be caused by T. pseudospiralis, T. nativa, T. nelsoni , and T. britovi in different geographic locations. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Trichinellosis, caused by Trichinella spiralis , is a serious foodborne parasitic zoonosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to the public health problem of trichinellosis, the economic losses caused by T. spiralis are huge. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pig infection is acquired primarily through ingestion of infectious encysted T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML). After the ML are released in the stomach, they invade the intestinal epithelium and mature into adults (Ad). (biomedcentral.com)
  • the most common species is Trichinella spiralis, which has a global distribution and is the species most commonly found in pigs. (interviewarea.com)
  • Trichinella spiralis expresses paramyosin ( Ts -Pmy) not only as a structural protein but also as an immunomodulator that inhibits host complement as a survival strategy. (biomedcentral.com)
Control of trichinellosis2
Parasites8
  • Nematodes, as so-called endoparasites ("internal parasites"), colonize various internal organs - most of them the digestive tract - and the skin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Approach to Parasitic Infections Human parasites are organisms that live on or in a person and derive nutrients from that person (its host). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Eating uncooked bacon can expose you to bacteria as well as parasites and can cause either bacterial infections or trichinellosis, also called trichinosis, a parasitic infection. (interviewarea.com)
  • The ingestion of grass blades is well known in carnivores and acts as a means of stimulating regurgitation of fur and other undigested material, but it may also remove and purge intestinal parasites. (carnivora.ca)
  • Most dogs are infested at one time or another with intestinal parasites. (carnivora.ca)
  • Common internal parasites in the dog include nematodes, cestodes and protozoan parasites. (carnivora.ca)
  • Intestinal parasites are the most common type of internal parasite found in dogs. (carnivora.ca)
  • Neghina R, Moldovan R, Marincu I, Calma CL, Neghina AM. The roots of evil: the amazing history of trichinellosis and Trichinella parasites. (medscape.com)
Infection8
  • 40 million persons are at risk for Trichinella infection in China ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Unlike with protozoan infections, a casual or a low degree of exposure to infective stages of parasitic nematodes usually does not result in patent infection or pathologic findings. (medscape.com)
  • Nematode infection in dogs - the infection (also infestation) of dogs with parasitic nemamotodes - are, along with tapeworm infections and infections with protozoa (giardiasis, neosporosis), frequent parasitoses in veterinary practice. (wikipedia.org)
  • For most nematodes, an infection can be detected by examining the feces for eggs or larvae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Parasitic Infection Surveillance in Mississippi Delta Children. (cdc.gov)
  • Because of the free-range system, Tibetan pigs are at risk of infection with Trichinella . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Trichinellosis is also considered an emerging or re-emerging zoonotic disease in China, where approximately more than 40 million people could be at risk of infection [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Anthelminthic therapy is generally considered only effective during the intestinal phase of infection. (medscape.com)
Trichinosis6
  • x000a0;parasitic nematode, which had burrowed itself into the columnar epithelial intestinal lining, in a case of trichinosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The smallest, viviparous nematode or pig parasite has sylvatic and domestic cycles and causes trichinellosis or trichinosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Trichinellosis, also called trichinosis, is a disease that people can get by eating raw or undercooked meat from animals infected with the microscopic parasite Trichinella . (interviewarea.com)
  • also called trichinosis, is caused by eating raw or undercooked meat of animals infected with the larvae of a species of worm called Trichinella . (interviewarea.com)
  • Trichinosis is a food-borne disease caused by a microscopic parasite called Trichinella. (interviewarea.com)
  • Trichinellosis, more commonly known as trichinosis, is a parasitic food-borne disease that is caused by eating raw or undercooked meats, particularly pork products infested with the larvae of a type of roundworm called Trichinella. (interviewarea.com)
Species4
  • 1 ). Numerous animals species (≈100), including humans, can be infected and the most common source of human trichinellosis is meat from pig or wild pig ( Sus scrofa ) ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The T. papuae nematode (genotype T10) is one of the most recently discovered species and was first detected in sylvatic swine of Papua New Guinea in 1999 by using molecular tools ( 15 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to being a nonencapsulated species, T. papuae nematodes are known to use mammals and reptiles (mainly crocodiles but also to a lesser extent caimans, turtles, and lizards) as hosts ( 16 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Investigators have demonstrated activity of different Artemisia species, effective against malaria, on Trichinella in animal models. (medscape.com)
Infective larvae1
  • The Trichinella life cycle is maintained by animals that are fed (eg, pigs, horses) or eat (eg, bears, foxes, boars) other animals whose striated muscles contain encysted infective larvae (eg, rodents). (msdmanuals.com)
Food-borne1
Epidemiology2
  • Onchocerciasis due to O. lupi is an emergent parasitic disease, with limited diagnostic methods, in addition to the lack of information on its biology, transmission, and epidemiology. (cdc.gov)
  • Recent advances on the taxonomy, systematics and epidemiology of Trichinella. (medscape.com)
Asymptomatic2
  • The presence of Trichinella antibodies in asymptomatic persons in a rural population of Cambodia (unknown location) was described ( 9 ), and another study reported 24 cases of Trichinella spp. (cdc.gov)
  • Many Trichinella infections are asymptomatic or mild. (msdmanuals.com)
Roundworm1
  • Intestinal roundworm infections constitute the largest group of helminthic diseases in humans. (medscape.com)
Meat4
  • Trichinellosis is a parasitic disease caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella and acquired by ingestion of raw or undercooked meat from infected animals (nonuminant mammals, birds, and reptiles). (cdc.gov)
  • Many human outbreaks reported in recent years across Europe, Asia, and North and South America were reportedly due to consumption of wild boar meat which is currently the second most important source of human trichinellosis [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Backpackers, adventure travelers, or hunters will certainly be at a higher risk and should be informed about the risks of eating raw meat (pork, game, or reptile meat) and should be discouraged from illegally importing potentially infected meat that could introduce the parasite in Trichinella -free areas. (eg.net)
  • Trichinellosis, caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked meat contaminated with infective muscle larvae, remains an important infectious disease on a global scale [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Humans5
  • Thus, we identified T. papuae nematodes in humans in Cambodia. (cdc.gov)
  • Nematodes, as with most other worms infectious to humans, almost never complete their entire life cycle in the human host. (medscape.com)
  • Humans do not appear to develop significant protective immunity to intestinal nematodes, although the mechanisms of parasite immune evasion and host immune responses to these infections have not been elucidated in detail. (medscape.com)
  • Trichinella shows a worldwide distribution because of its wide range of hosts, including humans and pigs [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Meanwhile, pork is still considered the major source of outbreaks of trichinellosis in humans in China [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Sylvatic1
  • Pozio E. Factors affecting the flow among domestic, synanthropic and sylvatic cycles of Trichinella. (medscape.com)
Dupouy-Camet1
Diagnosis1
  • As with other parasitic infections, definitive diagnosis of nematode infections depends on demonstration of the stage of the life cycle in the host. (medscape.com)
Genus1
  • Post-Miocene expansion, colonization, and host switching drove speciation among extant nematodes of the archaic genus Trichinella. (medscape.com)
Infections2
Diaphragm1
  • Due to the predilection sites of Trichinella larva which occur in the diaphragm of pigs, detection is often restricted to postmortem inspection of carcasses. (biomedcentral.com)
Gastrointestinal1
  • Ascarids are a nematode parasite and are among the most common type of gastrointestinal parasite in dogs. (carnivora.ca)
Occur1
Cycles1
  • The life cycles of nematodes are complex and highly varied. (medscape.com)
Complement1
  • Parasitic nematodes have been suggested to produce compounds capable of inhibiting the assembly and polymerization of the membrane complex attack, thus preventing complement-mediated damage [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Eggs1
  • in others, the nematode eggs must undergo a process of maturation outside the host. (medscape.com)
Human1
Worldwide2
  • Approximately 11 million persons worldwide might be infected by Trichinella spp. (cdc.gov)
  • Background Acquiring trichinellosis while traveling abroad is not a new phenomenon and imported cases are regularly reported worldwide. (eg.net)
Adults1
  • Another way in which adults can contract short-term, self-limiting intestinal ascarids is through ingesting infected wild animals such as rodents, birds and some insects. (carnivora.ca)
Pork1
  • The survey shows that beef and chicken have negligible amounts of the parasite, while pork has extremely low levels that are effectively eliminated by proper cooking," said microbiologist Mark Jenkins, with ARS' Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory at BARC. (interviewarea.com)
Cases1
  • Cases contracted abroad and reported by the French National Reference Centre for Trichinella (NRCT) are analyzed here. (eg.net)
Approximately1
Life cycle1
  • The life cycle of parasitic nematodes is clinically important. (medscape.com)
Public health1
  • Nevertheless, estimation of the effect of trichinellosis in developing countries with reference to public health and social and economic costs is difficult. (cdc.gov)
Muscle1
  • Histopathologic examination of muscle biopsy specimens showed nonencapsulated Trichinella larvae. (cdc.gov)
System1
  • Members of Nematoda are elongated, with bilaterally symmetric bodies that contain an intestinal system and a large body cavity. (medscape.com)
Samples1
  • Additionally, we also report a Trichinella seropositive rate of 43.9 % (18 out of 41) from field samples of Tibetan pigs. (biomedcentral.com)
History1
Dogs1
  • Dogs that are older than three months develop partial immunity to ascarids, so they rarely are infected with the intestinal form of this parasite. (carnivora.ca)
English1
  • Sir James Paget (January 11, 1814–December 30, 1899), English surgeon and pathologist who observed a spiral encysted nematode in a cadaver. (cdc.gov)