TreponemaPertenueSubspEndemicumPintaEradicationAntibodiesBacteriaEradicateCases of yawsDiseasesParticle agglutination testBacterium that causesStrainsTreponemal subspeciesLesions of the skinAntigensPrimary lesionLatentSpeciesSerologicBacterialAntigenPenicillinHuman yawsAfricaPrevalenceSkin lesionsSeroprevalenceSuggestsVenerealTPHATreponematosesDiagnosisPainfulSerum
Treponema47
- We report serop- TPPA, https://www.fujirebio-us.com), which has been vali- revalence for Treponema pallidum antibodies in olive ba- dated for use in baboons ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- Y to perform repeated testing with a preabsorption step to aws is a disease caused by the bacterium Treponema remove all nonspecific binding antibodies (as described in pallidum subsp. (cdc.gov)
- The Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (also called TPPA test) is an indirect agglutination assay used for detection and titration of antibodies against the causative agent of syphilis, Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. (wikipedia.org)
- citation needed] A similar specific treponemal test for syphilis is the Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay or TPHA. (wikipedia.org)
- An evaluation of the relative sensitivities of the venereal disease research laboratory test and the Treponema Pallidum particle agglutination test among patients diagnosed with primary syphilis. (wikipedia.org)
- Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, which belongs to the Spirochaetaceae family. (medscape.com)
- Infection with Treponema pallidum subsp. (cdc.gov)
- Yaws is an infection caused by a form of the Treponema pallidum bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
- Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum, with human beings as the only host. (medscape.com)
- Syphilis detection tests are serologic tests used to screen for and confirm infection with Treponema pallidum. (medscape.com)
- Electron micrograph of Treponema pallidum. (medscape.com)
- A survey by Davis and Gaynor of state and local US public health laboratories (with 81 out of 105 participating [77.1%]) found that in 2016, the respondents performed a total of 1,235,037 Treponema pallidum tests. (medscape.com)
- Yaws is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue, a gram-negative bacterium closely related to T pallidum subsp pallidum, which causes syphilis. (umn.edu)
- The Serodia TP-PA test is a treponemal test for the serologic detection of antibodies to the various species and subspecies of pathogenic Treponema , the causative agents of syphilis, yaws, pinta, bejel, and endemic syphilis. (cdc.gov)
- The face of this woman showed the ravages of a disease known as, yaws, a nonvenereal endemic syphilis, caused by the Treponema pallidum subsp. (cdc.gov)
- Venereal syphilis, commonly known as simply "syphilis", is an infection caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum (subspecies pallidum). (ada.com)
- Other treponemal diseases caused by Treponema pallidum are related to syphilis but are not spread by sexual contact. (ada.com)
- This 10-year-old Ghanaian boy exhibited secondary mucocutaneous papillomata, which had been due to a yaws infection, also known as frambesia tropica, caused by the bacterial spirochete, Treponema pallidum subsp. (cdc.gov)
- Yaws is an infectious tropical disease caused by the spirochete (spiral shaped) bacterium known as Treponema pertenue. (rarediseases.org)
- Syphilis Syphilis is caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum and is characterized by 3 sequential symptomatic stages separated by periods of asymptomatic latent infection. (msdmanuals.com)
- Yaws caused by Treponema pertenue. (mlivehosted.com)
- Yaws is a disease attributable to the bacterium Treponema pallidum. (latabledesgourmets2.fr)
- We investigated Treponema pallidum infection in 8 nonhuman primate species (289 animals) in Tanzania during 2015-2017. (ljmu.ac.uk)
- Is there a reason why the subspecies of treponema pallidum aren't specified in these codes? (loinc.org)
- Or can I assume that a treponema pallidum should be mapped to syphilis tests if bejel and yaws are generally not seen in the United States? (loinc.org)
- We evaluated its capacity to detect patients with ulcers that tested PCR positive for Treponema pallidum subsp. (bvsalud.org)
- Yaws is a chronic, highly contagious skin and bone infection caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue, usually affecting children in impoverished and remote communities. (bvsalud.org)
- BACKGROUND: In yaws-endemic areas, two-thirds of exudative cutaneous ulcers (CU) are associated with Treponema pallidum subsp. (bvsalud.org)
- Yaws is caused by Treponema pallidum subsp pertenue, a subspecies of the organism that causes syphilis. (who.int)
- A systemic non-venereal infection of the tropics caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM subspecies pertenue. (nih.gov)
- Yaws is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum pertenue-a bacterium that closely resembles the causative agent of syphilis-and is spread by skin-to-skin contact in humid tropical regions. (lshtm.ac.uk)
- Here, nonhuman primates (NHPs) are infected by Treponema pallidum (TP), a bacterium known to cause conspicuous genital ulcerations in both males and females. (uni-goettingen.de)
- The close genetic relationship of simian and human TP strains, and the growing habitat encroachment of the human-NHP interface, supports the call for a more multidisciplinary approach linking humans and wildlife when investigating the impact of shared pathogens like Treponema pallidum. (uni-goettingen.de)
- Yaws - from the same bacteria species responsible for syphilis ( Treponema pallidum ) - is a childhood disease causing highly infectious skin lesions. (sciencereuters.com)
- Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum . (ipfs.io)
- [2] [4] Other human diseases caused by related Treponema pallidum subspecies include yaws (subspecies pertenue ), pinta (subspecies carateum ), and bejel (subspecies endemicum ). (ipfs.io)
- Positive results should be confirmed with a more specific treponema pallidum antibody test (FTA-ABS). (nicholsinstitute.com)
- Treponemal tests detect antibodies specific to Treponema pallidum . (cdc.gov)
- In addition to Treponema pallidum , which causes syphilis, other treponemal subspecies (e.g., pertenue, which causes yaws, and carateum, which causes pinta) also can produce reactive results to treponemal tests, but these subspecies are rare in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- A condition caused by infection in utero with Treponema pallidum . (cdc.gov)
- Lesiones cutáneas debidas a la infección por Treponema pallidum. (bvsalud.org)
- Cutaneous lesions arising from infection with Treponema pallidum. (bvsalud.org)
- Syphilis is a bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum), which is usually spread through sexual contact. (lecturio.com)
- The most common species involved in human disease is Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum, which is the causative agent of syphilis. (lecturio.com)
- Sub-species of Treponema pallidum , i.e. (ncdc.gov.in)
- Antonio Fornaciari] Syphilis is an infectious disease, sexually transmitted, caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum . (cdc.gov)
- There's also another theory--so called an Italian hypotheses--that syphilis is a single organism that is Treponema , caused different clinical manifestations depending upon climatic, social, and demographic factors, producing the clinical manifestation named pinta, yaws, bejel, and syphilis. (cdc.gov)
Pertenue6
- Antibodies against other treponemal organisms, such as the T. pallidum subspecies endemicum, pertenue, or carateum, can cause false positive results. (wikipedia.org)
- Pathogenic members of this genus include T pallidum, T pertenue, and T carateum . (medscape.com)
- These include yaws (caused by subspecies pertenue), bejel (subspecies endemicum) and pinta (caused by subspecies carateum) which all affect the skin or bones. (ada.com)
- pertenue-like strains, which could have implications for human yaws eradication. (ljmu.ac.uk)
- T.p. endemicum causes bejel and T.p. pertenue causes yaws. (loinc.org)
- Other clinically relevant species include T. pallidum pertenue, T. pallidum endemicum, and T. carateum. (lecturio.com)
Subsp1
- Molecular data show that nonhuman primates in Tanzania are most likely infected with T. pallidum subsp. (ljmu.ac.uk)
Endemicum1
- Endemic syphilis (bejel), caused by T pallidum endemicum (Go to Endemic Syphilis for more complete information on this topic. (medscape.com)
Pinta1
- Treponemas caused several infectious diseases including pinta, yaws, and syphilis. (rarediseases.org)
Eradication4
- An accompanying commentary in the same issue said that, although challenges to yaws eradication lie ahead, today's study shows that the WHO strategy of mass treatment with azithromycin "should result in the eradication of yaws, if it is implemented and sustained long enough. (umn.edu)
- Yaws is effectively treated with single dose azithromycin but eradication is constrained by the lack of effective diagnostics. (who.int)
- WHO has earmarked yaws for eradication by 2020 and this test kit would greatly impact the yaws eradication drive in endemic countries. (who.int)
- One such disease, yaws has been the target since decades and particularly after the inception of yaws eradication programme (YEP) since 1996-97. (ncdc.gov.in)
Antibodies9
- Although 72 (65%) of 111 serum samples from Guinea were positive for T. pallidum antibodies, none of the samples from Kenya were positive. (cdc.gov)
- Inconclusive TPPA results indicate endemicity of the yaws bacterium in monkeys, posing a nonspecific antibodies reacting with nonsensitized par- possible zoonotic threat to humans. (cdc.gov)
- In other words, the patient's serum contains antibodies to T. pallidum. (wikipedia.org)
- These tests are used to detect immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against a cardiolipin-lecithin-cholesterol antigen, which are formed indirectly during infection with T pallidum. (medscape.com)
- Because these antibodies are not specific for T pallidum, false-positive results on nontreponemal tests are frequently encountered in numerous physiologic and pathologic conditions (see Interpretation). (medscape.com)
- A dilution of the patient's serum is added to the well to allow any T. pallidum -specific antibodies present to bind to the treponemal antigens. (cdc.gov)
- If the patient has antibodies to T. pallidum , a color reaction takes place. (cdc.gov)
- Yaws suspects underwent point-of-care serologic tests for T. pallidum and nontreponemal antibodies. (bvsalud.org)
- Serological tests to detect treponemal antibodies can be useful in diagnosis of yaws only if sexual transmitted syphilis is excluded. (ncdc.gov.in)
Bacteria3
- About 2 to 4 weeks after infection, the person develops a sore called a "mother yaw" where bacteria entered the skin. (medlineplus.gov)
- Scratching the sore can spread the bacteria from the mother yaw to uninfected skin. (medlineplus.gov)
- However, the blood test for syphilis is often positive in people with yaws because the bacteria that cause these two conditions are closely related. (medlineplus.gov)
Eradicate4
- Between 1952 and 1964, WHO led worldwide mass treatment campaigns to eradicate yaws. (hstalks.com)
- Mass treatment with azithromycin-a central component of the World Health Organization's (WHO's) strategy to eradicate yaws-was followed by a drop in disease prevalence to one-eighth the previous level on an island where the disease is endemic, according to a study in the New England Journal of Medicine today. (umn.edu)
- A major campaign to eradicate yaws in the 1950s and 1960s, by mass treatment of affected communities with longacting, injectable penicillin, reduced the number of cases by 95% worldwide, but yaws has reappeared in recent years in Africa, Asia, and the western Pacific. (lshtm.ac.uk)
- In 2012, one oral dose of azithromycin was shown to be as effective as intramuscular penicillin in the treatment of the disease, and WHO launched a new initiative to eradicate yaws by 2020. (lshtm.ac.uk)
Cases of yaws5
- Suspected cases of yaws or other non-venereal treponemal infections can be reported to CDC at telephone 404-639-8368. (cdc.gov)
- At that time, there were 96 endemic countries that are shadowed in gray in this map, and about 15 million cases of yaws. (hstalks.com)
- The last cases of yaws notified by CAR to WHO date back to 2012. (bvsalud.org)
- Results: a total of 1967 people were examined, of whom 113 were considered suspected cases of yaws. (bvsalud.org)
- Forty-one cases of yaws were confirmed in 18 (47.37%) villages. (bvsalud.org)
Diseases5
- His research interests are in Neglected Tropical Diseases, in particular trachoma, which he has been working on since 1984 and yaws, sexually transmitted infections and causes of fever. (lshtm.ac.uk)
- For the diseases bejel and yaws, I'd be curious with what is typical diagnosis evidence? (loinc.org)
- TP also affects humans, and it is responsible for different diseases such as syphilis, bejel and yaws. (uni-goettingen.de)
- It is possible this movement of people brought diseases, including yaws, at the same time. (sciencereuters.com)
- Yaws belongs to a group of chronic bacterial infections (endemic treponematoses, nonvenereal spirochetal diseases) caused by treponemes. (ncdc.gov.in)
Particle agglutination test1
- Treponemal tests include fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS), T pallidum particle agglutination test (TP-PA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA), and enzyme immunoassay (EIA). (medscape.com)
Bacterium that causes1
- Persons are the only known hosts for the bacterium that causes yaws and infections may be efficiently handled by a single dose of antibiotic azithromycin. (latabledesgourmets2.fr)
Strains2
- email: [email protected] dynamics and potential links between human and NHP T. pallidum strains ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- Interestingly, nonhuman primate TP strains, are most closely related with human yaws (a disease mainly causing facial lesions), than to syphilis (known to cause genital ulcerations). (uni-goettingen.de)
Treponemal subspecies1
- Unlike T. pallidum subspecies pallidum , other human treponemal subspecies are not transmitted via blood or transplacentally. (msdmanuals.com)
Lesions of the skin3
- Yaws presents as lesions of the skin, bone and cartilage and without treatment it can lead to gross deformities and disabilities. (who.int)
- Yaws causes disfiguring, and sometimes painful lesions of the skin and bones. (lshtm.ac.uk)
- Usually after 5 years of onset of illness, destructive lesions of the skin, bone and cartilage (Late yaws) may appear which are non-infectious but may result in disabilities like gangosa and pathological fractures. (ncdc.gov.in)
Antigens2
- citation needed] In the test, red blood cells (erythrocytes) are sensitized with antigens from T. pallidum pallidum. (wikipedia.org)
- T. pallidum antigens are coated onto the wells of a 96-well microtiter plate. (cdc.gov)
Primary lesion1
- The lesion heals but is followed after months to a year by successive generalized eruptions that resemble the primary lesion (secondary yaws). (msdmanuals.com)
Latent3
- The prevalence of high-titer latent yaws among children declined from 18.3% to 6.5%, "with a near-absence of high-titer seroreactivity in children 1 to 5 years of age. (umn.edu)
- We aimed to detect at least one active or latent yaws case in the island groups of Luzon and Visayas. (bvsalud.org)
- Nineteen cases (54.3%) were detected among 35 Aetas: five active yaws (four children, one adult), two latent yaws (adults), and 12 past yaws (1 child, 11 adults). (bvsalud.org)
Species1
- Our findings indicate that T. pallidum infection is geographically widespread in Tanzania and occurs in several species (olive baboons, yellow baboons, vervet monkeys, and blue monkeys). (ljmu.ac.uk)
Serologic1
- The Chembio DPP (Dual Path Platform) Syphilis Screen & Confirm kit (https://chembio.com) is a rapid serologic test that can be used to diagnose yaws. (bvsalud.org)
Bacterial1
- Yaws is a long-term (chronic) bacterial infection that mainly affects the skin, bones, and joints. (medlineplus.gov)
Antigen1
- citation needed] In the test, gelatin particles are sensitized with T. pallidum antigen. (wikipedia.org)
Penicillin2
- Syphilis remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality during pregnancy, despite the continued sensitivity of T. pallidum to penicillin, the widespread availability of inexpensive, accurate tests, and substantial efforts to encourage routine screening through early prenatal care. (glowm.com)
- Single dose of injection benzathine benzyl Penicillin was the treatment of choice for both cases and contacts of yaws. (ncdc.gov.in)
Human yaws2
- Human yaws has historically been endemic to Kenya, but pallidum Particle Agglutination Assay (TPPA) (SERODIA current epidemiologic data are lacking. (cdc.gov)
- This, together with the geographic overlap of the distribution of human yaws and simian TP infection in Sub-Saharan Africa, could indicate that NHPs may function as a natural reservoir for human T. pallidum. (uni-goettingen.de)
Africa1
- Yaws is the most common of all and occurs primarily in the warm, humid and tropical areas of Africa, Central and South America, the Caribbean, Indian peninsula and the equatorial islands of South-East Asia. (ncdc.gov.in)
Prevalence2
- The prevalence of yaws dropped from 2.4% before treatment began to 0.2% 12 months later, which was statistically significant. (umn.edu)
- The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of yaws in the health district of Mbaïki and to describe its clinical and epidemiological characteristics. (bvsalud.org)
Skin lesions1
- Any consenting individual over the age of one year with yaws-like skin lesions was a suspected case of yaws and included in the study. (bvsalud.org)
Seroprevalence1
- In subsequent years, an additional 276 serum samples from baboons in Kenya supported the absence of T. pallidum in- Seroprevalence of fection. (cdc.gov)
Suggests1
- Ms Vlok's research suggests yaws was introduced to hunter-gatherers in present-day Vietnam by an agricultural population moving south from modern-day China. (sciencereuters.com)
Venereal1
- In children, treponemal infection as indicated by positive screening and confirmatory tests might be caused by 1) nonsexual exposure to a person infected with non-venereal T. pallidum subspecies, 2) congenital transmission from an infected mother (occurs only with syphilis), or 3) consensual or nonconsensual sexual exposure (occurs only with syphilis). (cdc.gov)
TPHA1
- Any suspected case of yaws with positive RPR and TPHA was considered a confirmed case. (bvsalud.org)
Treponematoses1
- Yaws (frambesia) is the most prevalent of the endemic treponematoses and occurs in humid equatorial countries. (msdmanuals.com)
Diagnosis2
- Without some other evidence for the diagnosis of syphilis, a reactive nontreponemal test does not confirm T. pallidum infection. (cdc.gov)
- In field situation, these tests support a clinico-epidemiological diagnosis of yaws but are not as specific as the dark-field examination. (ncdc.gov.in)
Painful1
- Keratotic lesions may develop on the palms and soles, causing painful ulcerations (crab yaws). (msdmanuals.com)
Serum1
- Yaws is transmitted by direct (person-to-person) contact with the exudates and serum from infectious lesions. (ncdc.gov.in)