• Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
  • MDM2 binds to and inhibits TP53 activity. (medscape.com)
  • 2. p19-INK4d inhibits neuroblastoma cell growth, induces differentiation and is hypermethylated and downregulated in MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas. (nih.gov)
  • [ 74 ] While p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 act as both promoters and inhibitors of cyclin/CDK kinase activity, p21 WAF1/CIP1 is the only CDKI that is capable of binding to all the cyclin/CDK complexes involved in cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
  • 9. MYCN and MYC regulate tumor proliferation and tumorigenesis directly through BMI1 in human neuroblastomas. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, p19ARF binds to and promotes the degradation of MDM2, the product of the murine double minute 2 gene, and this degradation leads to accumulation of TP53 and to cell cycle arrest. (medscape.com)
  • Besides cyclin binding, CDK activity is additionally regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation on conserved threonine and tyrosine residues. (medscape.com)
  • 8. Expression and DNA-binding activity of MYCN/Max and Mnt/Max during induced differentiation of human neuroblastoma cells. (nih.gov)