redox
- The Dakin oxidation (or Dakin reaction) is an organic redox reaction in which an ortho- or para-hydroxylated phenyl aldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde or 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) or ketone reacts with hydrogen peroxide in base to form a benzenediol and a carboxylate. (wikipedia.org)
- One way to quantify whether a substance is a strong oxidizing agent or a strong reducing agent is to use the oxidation-reduction potential or redox potential. (gsu.edu)
- Since the obtaining of useful energy in a biological process generally involves oxidation of some foodstuff, it follows that a large negative redox potential like -0.32 V for NAD + suggests a useful role in producing a reduced product, like NADH. (gsu.edu)
- Oxidation-reduction reactions, called also redox reactions, are most simply balanced in the form of chemical equations by arranging the quantities of the substances involved so that the number of electrons lost by one substance is equaled by the number gained by another substance. (factmonster.com)
- Also,my textbook doesn't provide the complete rules for balancing an equation(of redox reaction-Oxidation number meathod & ion electron meathod),so,i am very weak in balancing equations.I would like to get some HOT questions in balancing equations of redox reaction. (physicsforums.com)
- This demonstration can be used as an introduction to the idea of different oxidation states of transition metal ions often having different colours and that electrode potentials can be used to prdict the course of the redox reactions. (rsc.org)
- Reduction/oxidation (Redox) reactions chemically convert hazardous contaminants to less toxic compounds that are less mobile and/or inert. (cpeo.org)
- Oxidation and reduction reactions are always coupled and as such are appropiately named redox reactions . (chemgapedia.de)
electrons
- The reduction of the lead dioxide is clear, but the associated oxidation of oxygen is easier to see when you describe oxidation as the losing of electrons . (gsu.edu)
- In this reaction the lead atoms gain an electron (reduction) while the oxygen loses electrons (oxidation). (gsu.edu)
- The view of oxidation and reduction as the loss and gain of electrons, respectively, is particularly appropriate for discussing reactions in electrochemical cells . (gsu.edu)
- The zinc "half-reaction" is classified as oxidation since it loses electrons. (gsu.edu)
- oxidation and reduction, complementary chemical reactions characterized by the loss or gain, respectively, of one or more electrons by an atom or molecule. (factmonster.com)
- Thus oxidation has come to be defined as a loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number, while reduction is defined as a gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number, whether or not oxygen itself is actually involved in the reaction. (factmonster.com)
- In the formation of magnesium oxide from magnesium and oxygen, the magnesium atoms have lost two electrons, or the oxidation number has increased from zero to +2. (factmonster.com)
- In the reduction of cupric oxide the oxidation number of copper has changed from +2 to zero by the gain of two electrons. (factmonster.com)
- In such reactions, the substance losing electrons (undergoing oxidation) is said to be an electron donor, or reductant, since its lost electrons are given to and reduce the other substance. (factmonster.com)
- If electrons are added to an atom, the oxidation number decreases and vice versa. (physicsforums.com)
- The oxidation state , sometimes referred to as oxidation number , describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons ) of an atom in a chemical compound . (wikipedia.org)
- Such reactions involve the formal transfer of electrons: a net gain in electrons being a reduction, and a net loss of electrons being an oxidation. (wikipedia.org)
- This makes it possible to assign every atom an oxidation number , which specifies the number of its electrons that can be involved in forming bonds with other atoms. (britannica.com)
- If the Nitrogen had to loose electrons then the half reaction was an oxidation. (physicsforums.com)
- Oxidation number of a chemical element is also called as valence, is the number of electrons gained or lost when forming compounds. (easycalculation.com)
- Dissolving alkali, alkaline earth and some rare earth metals in liquid ammonia is not considered an oxidation reaction because the metal atoms transfer electrons to the solvent without reducing the latter (solvated electrons). (chemgapedia.de)
- Since the metal is regenerated unchanged after evapoaration of ammonia, similar to the regeneration from a physical solution, oxidation only occurs when the solvated electrons are taken up by an oxidizing agent. (chemgapedia.de)
processes
- The two processes, oxidation and reduction, occur simultaneously and in chemically equivalent quantities. (factmonster.com)
- combustion of fuels electrolysis (oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction at the cathode) and metallurgical processes in which free metals are obtained from their ores. (factmonster.com)
- The TPR4000 is the only technology that combines the action and chemistry of UV, ozone, peroxide, and chlorine-based technologies all in one system providing superior efficacy and lower cost vs. alternative advanced oxidation processes. (prweb.com)
- Symbios Technologies' modular reactor is low in capital cost, able to replace existing energy-hungry or poor-performing advanced oxidation processes, reduce or eliminate the use of biocides, reduce or eliminate chemical additives, and reduce the overall maintenance cost of water treatment systems, in particular extending the life and reducing fouling of membranes. (prweb.com)
- The degradation of propoxycarbazone-sodium, an active component of commercial herbicide, in aqueous solution with ozone, UV photolysis and advanced oxidation processes: O3/UV, O3/UV/H2O2, H2O2/UV, and the Fenton process was studied. (environmental-expert.com)
- a company specialising in Advanced Oxidation Processes, Ozone and UV systems and with the primary objective of resolving water pollution issues on a global scale, worked on a semi-pilot scale project with an internationally well-known company in the chemical & polymers production industry, based in US. (environmental-expert.com)
- The aim of this study was to investigate the use of ozone-based advanced oxidation processes for the oxidative destruction of COD in a petrochemical facility. (environmental-expert.com)
- This research examined two processes - advanced oxidation with Fenton and photo-Fenton reaction. (environmental-expert.com)
- The degradation of chlorpyriphos by different advanced oxidation processes such as photo-Fenton, TiO2, TiO2/H2O2, O3 and O3/H2O2 was investigated. (environmental-expert.com)
- This research aims to apply Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) using ozonation, combined O3/H2O2 and Fenton reaction for simultaneous COD and colour removal from old-landfill leachate. (environmental-expert.com)
- See http://www.epa.gov/ada/download/reports/epa_600_r02_002.pdf Workshop on Monitoring Oxidation-Reduction Processes for Groundwater Restoration , EPA 600-R02-002, January 2002. (cpeo.org)
atoms
- Conceptually, the oxidation state, which may be positive, negative or zero, is the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all bonds to atoms of different elements were 100% ionic , with no covalent component. (wikipedia.org)
- Additionally, oxidation states of atoms in a given compound may vary depending on the choice of electronegativity scale used in their calculation. (wikipedia.org)
- Introductory chemistry uses postulates: the oxidation state for an element in a chemical formula is calculated from the overall charge and postulated oxidation states for all the other atoms. (wikipedia.org)
- From the particular atoms in a molecule and their known bonding capacities, the bonding pattern within a molecule is determined, and each atom is regarded as being in a specific oxidation state, expressed by an oxidation number. (britannica.com)
- State also known as Oxidation Number Oxidation state (number) is the charge an atom would have if existed as an ion Rule #1 Atoms of an element are assigned an oxidation number of 0. (prezi.com)
- Rule #5 Sum of oxidation numbers of all atoms of an electrically neutral compound is 0. (prezi.com)
- Sum of oxidation number of all atoms is equal to the overall charge of the ion. (prezi.com)
electron
- Substitution of phenyl hydrogens with electron-donating groups ortho or para to the carbonyl group increases electron density at the migrating carbon, promotes [1,aryl migration, and accelerates oxidation. (wikipedia.org)
- In solution, ferrous iron (oxidation number +2) may be oxidized to ferric iron (oxidation number +3) by the loss of an electron. (factmonster.com)
- oxidation numbers are just a way of keeping track of the electron distribution. (physicsforums.com)
- The oxidation-state change definition is usually compatible with the above rules for applying the oxygen-atom-transfer and hydrogen-atom-transfer criteria and always compatible with the electron-transfer criterion when it is applicable. (britannica.com)
- Electron transfer takes place and there is a change in oxidation state. (prezi.com)
ions
- An alternative view which is useful in dealing with ions is to define an oxidation number which is equal to the net charge of the product of a reaction. (gsu.edu)
- Rule #2 For ions of elements, oxidation number corresponds to charge of ions. (prezi.com)
atom
- Such changes are now described in terms of changes in the oxidation number, or oxidation state, of the atom or molecule (see valence ). (factmonster.com)
- I can't understand the term oxidation number.According to my textbook, it is the charge assigned to an atom. (physicsforums.com)
- The oxidation state of an atom does not represent the "real" charge on that atom, or any other actual atomic property. (wikipedia.org)
- Thus, the oxidation state of an atom in a compound is purely a formalism. (wikipedia.org)
- Oxidation state of an atom is the charge of this atom after ionic approximation of its heteronuclear bonds. (wikipedia.org)
- The oxidation state of any atom is indicated by a roman numeral following the name or symbol for the element. (britannica.com)
aldehydes
- If aldehydes or ketones are the desired products, the reaction is viewed as the Oppenauer Oxidation. (organic-chemistry.org)
occur
- At pH higher than 13.5, however, oxidation does not occur, possibly due to deprotonation of the second peroxidic oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
- The Dakin oxidation can occur in mild acidic conditions as well, with a mechanism analogous to the base-catalyzed mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
- Incomplete oxidation or formation of intermediate contaminants may occur. (cpeo.org)
occurs
- Fatty acid oxidation also occurs in peroxisomes . (bionity.com)
Photocatalytic
- Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of representative air contaminants (e.g. ethanol, toluene, dichloromethane, and acetaldehyde) by Degussa P25 immobilized on aluminum substrate revealed several shortcomings that are not suitable for our intended application. (sae.org)
- Photocatalytic advanced oxidation is a promising technology for waters containing high amounts of organic matter. (environmental-expert.com)
hydrogen peroxide
- Consequently, oxidation accelerates as pH increases toward the pKa of hydrogen peroxide and hydroperoxide concentration climbs. (wikipedia.org)
molecule
- Beta oxidation is the process by which fatty acids , in the form of Acyl-CoA molecules, are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate Acetyl-CoA , the entry molecule for the Krebs Cycle . (bionity.com)
- that the two carbon fragments split from the fatty acid molecule by beta-oxidation are converted to acetic acid and then condensed to acetoacetic acid. (drugs.com)
fatty acid
- The FOD Group website and online 'Communication Network' Newsletters are intended to be used as a worldwide resource for families, friends, clinicians, researchers and others who would like to support, educate and provide a forum for the sharing of ideas and concerns for those whose lives have been touched by a Fatty acid Oxidation Disorder. (fodsupport.org)
- One of our FOD family members, Rosemary Forrest, has co-written an exciting new book, Genetic Mistakes: Understanding and Living with Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders! (fodsupport.org)
- The first step is the oxidation of the fatty acid by Acyl-CoA-Dehydrogenase. (bionity.com)
aqueous
- The company, working with its university, government and industrial partners is commercializing its disruptive advanced low-cost aqueous plasma oxidation technology, the Symbios Tubular Plasma Reactor™ (TPR4000™), to clean water, preserve the environment, and protect human health as well as improve production economics and sustainability. (prweb.com)
wastewater
- The Symbios Tubular Plasma Reactor™ (TPR4000™) provides improved, lower-cost oxidation methods for ultrapure, process, and wastewater applications by simultaneously eliminating organic and microbial contamination without the need for added chemicals or producing a waste stream. (prweb.com)
- The TPR's innovative design and impressive economics as an advanced plasma oxidation system for fluid treatment also enables it to be quickly tuned for application in food & beverage, healthcare, power plant, fracking wastewater treatment, and other industrial and municipal markets. (prweb.com)
carbonyl group
- This learning unit explains the oxidation of a methylene group to a carbonyl group. (chemgapedia.de)
inorganic
- In inorganic nomenclature, the oxidation state is represented by a Roman numeral placed after the element name inside a parenthesis or as a superscript after the element symbol. (wikipedia.org)
metals
- Interactive mechanisms in the high-temperature oxidation of metals, G H Meier et al . (elsevier.com)
- This book deals with the fundamental description of the thermodynamics and kinetics of high temperature oxidation of sulphidation of metals and intermetallic compounds. (elsevier.com)
Determination
- The determination of oxidation numbers of organic compounds is shown. (chemgapedia.de)
intermediate
- The intermediate oxidation states of vanadium(IV) (blue) and vanadium(III) (green) are also seen. (rsc.org)
equation
- therefore, i concluded that this is a oxidation equation. (physicsforums.com)
copper
- Isothermal oxidation properties of pure copper, C Zhou & W W Smeltzer. (elsevier.com)
biological
- The oxidation mechanism, practical setup and biological relevance are explained. (chemgapedia.de)
solution
- If oxidation does not seem to be complete, pass the solution over the reagent a second time. (dartmouth.edu)
product
- Analyze the product to determine the extent of oxidation. (dartmouth.edu)
high
- Peroxisomal oxidation is induced by high fat diet and administration of hypolipidemic drugs like clofibrate. (bionity.com)
- High temperature oxidation behaviour of UO2 in air & steam, D S Cox et al . (elsevier.com)
- Oxidation behavior of iridium-aluminum and iridium-aluminum-silicon systems at very high temperatures, (1500oc to 1800oc), K N Lee & W L Worrell. (elsevier.com)
- High-temperature oxidation studies of titanium disilicide, D Mallette & C A Pickles. (elsevier.com)
- NaC1-induced high-temperature oxidation of Ni and Ni-Cr alloys, Y Shinata & Y Nishi. (elsevier.com)
process
- A process of reducing the isopropyl formate byproduct and other byproducts in the oxidation of isobutyraldehyde is described. (freepatentsonline.com)
term
- and the term oxidation number is nearly synonymous. (wikipedia.org)
Application
- This learning unit describes the mechanism, application and practical setup of the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation. (chemgapedia.de)