Overexpression induces rapid cell death. Medical search. Frequent questions

XIAP silencing induced apoptosis while over-expression conferred protection from drug-induced apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
Flow cytometric analysis and western blot were taken to analyze cell apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell proliferation was inhibited after cisplatin treatment when ERp44 was knocked down and ERp44 strengthened cisplatin resistance by influencing cell apoptosis and pyroptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusions These findings ascertained an conversation between p53, c-myc, p21, p27, Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt pathway, and CF-induced apoptosis in MSTO-211H and HCT-116 cells, suggesting that CF acts as an important regulator of cell growth in human malignancy cell lines. (bioinf.org)
Many physiological processes, including proper tissue development and homeostasis, require a balance between apoptosis and cell 123653-11-2 manufacture proliferation. (bioinf.org)
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) occurs in a wide variety of physiological NIK settings, where its role is to remove harmful, damaged or unwanted cells. (bioinf.org)
Apoptosis and cell proliferation are linked by cell-cycle regulators and apoptotic stimuli that affect both processes. (bioinf.org)
A failure in regulating proliferation together with suppression of apoptosis are the 123653-11-2 manufacture minimal requirements for a cell to become cancerous [4]. (bioinf.org)
Moreover, induced Akt activity (p-AKT) (due to overexpression) is sufficient to block apoptosis triggered by many death stimuli [5]. (bioinf.org)
SCARA5 overexpression significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of CAL-27 and SCC-9 cells. (degruyter.com)
In conclusion, SCARA5 inhibited the proliferation and EMT and induced the apoptosis of OSCC cells through the inhibition of STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, thereby exerting a tumor suppressor effect. (degruyter.com)
Apoptosis can be induced in response to hypoxia. (bmj.com)
A hypoxic environment devoid of nutrients prevents the cell undergoing energy dependent apoptosis and cells become necrotic. (bmj.com)
Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
The key regulator of this process, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can initiate apoptosis by inducing high concentrations of proapoptotic proteins, such as BNIP3, and can cause stabilisation of p53. (bmj.com)
During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
7 Severe hypoxia in the presence of energy stimulates cells to undergo apoptosis, whereas oxygen levels above 0.5% prevent cell death. (bmj.com)
In addition to inducing necrosis and apoptosis, ROS induces autophagic cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
We identified a novel mode of communication by which apoptotic cells induce additional apoptosis in the same tissue. (elifesciences.org)
Strong induction of apoptosis in one compartment of the Drosophila wing disc causes apoptosis of cells in the other compartment, indicating that dying cells can release long-range death factors. (elifesciences.org)
We identified Eiger, the Drosophila tumor necrosis factor (TNF) homolog, as the signal responsible for apoptosis-induced apoptosis (AiA). (elifesciences.org)
The tissues of developing organisms can be shaped by apoptosis, a form of regulated cell killing. (elifesciences.org)
Apoptosis has been thought to resemble a form of silent suicide by cells, but more recent work suggests that apoptotic cells can also transmit signals. (elifesciences.org)
created 'undead' cells in which one of these proteins was turned on, but other downstream proteins (that are responsible for the cellular execution phase of apoptosis) had been turned off: these cells were undergoing apoptosis, but could not complete the process and die. (elifesciences.org)
Strikingly, undead cells in the posterior (back) region of the wing imaginal disc-the tissue in the larva that gives rise to the wing in the adult fruit fly-could trigger apoptosis in cells in the anterior (front) half. (elifesciences.org)
found that the JNK pathway activated apoptosis in anterior cells. (elifesciences.org)
when Eiger was absent from posterior cells in the wing imaginal disc, apoptosis in anterior cells ceased, indicating that Eiger might signal at long range. (elifesciences.org)
Apoptosis is a distinct form of programmed cell death in which cells activate an intrinsic suicide program to self-destruct. (elifesciences.org)
Cytotoxicity, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing capacity of ACNVs against hepatoma carcinoma cell were assessed. (dovepress.com)
ACNVs were found to possess specific antitumor cell proliferation activity associated with an apoptosis-inducing pathway. (dovepress.com)
Natural product anticancer agents enhance intracellular levels of ceramide, a sphingolipid that promotes cell apoptosis. (sphingolipidclub.com)
It also exhibited greater suppression on cell proliferation as well as cell migration or invasion capabilities and induction of apoptosis in Hep3B cells than single siRNA simultaneously. (biomedcentral.com)
Silencing of VEGF and KSP plays a key role in inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inducing apoptosis of Hep3B cells. (biomedcentral.com)
[8] Binding of TSP-1 to CD47 influences several fundamental cellular functions including cell migration and adhesion, cell proliferation or apoptosis, and plays a role in the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation. (wikidoc.org)
CD47 ligation leads to cell death in many normal and tumor cell lines via apoptosis or autophagy . (wikidoc.org)
The activation of CD47 induces rapid apoptosis of T cells. (wikidoc.org)
Jurkat cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) incubated with the monoclonal antibody Ad22 results in apoptosis within 3 hours. (wikidoc.org)
The apoptosis inducing function of CD47 appears to be dependent on activation of specific epitopes on the extracellular domain. (wikidoc.org)
Similarly, CD47 ligation rapidly induces apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. (wikidoc.org)
In contrast, thymocytes that recognize self-peptide/MHC with high affinity undergo negative selection via TCR-mediated apoptosis, prompting Trinquand, dos Santos, Tran Quang, and colleagues to hypothesize that reactivation of this developmental checkpoint in T-ALL cells may have antileukemic activity. (aacrjournals.org)

In our previous research, we have also reported that ERp44 was highly expressed in NPC and associated with patients' survive state and clinical stages, it also participated in promoting cells proliferation and migration [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Two proteins involved intimately in regulating cell proliferation are Akt and the tumor suppressor p53 (p53). (bioinf.org)
p53 has an important protective role against undesired cell proliferation. (bioinf.org)
In addition, cell proliferation and angiogenesis will be stimulated, enabling better oxygenation of the tissue. (bmj.com)
Low levels of ROS can promote cell proliferation but high levels induce cell death [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Besides stimulating ECM production, IGF-1 can stimulate the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hematopoiesis depends on a tightly controlled balance of self-renewal, proliferation, cell death and differentiation. (nature.com)
Apoptotic cells can produce signals to instruct cells in their local environment, including ones that stimulate engulfment and proliferation. (elifesciences.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is involved in the growth of new blood vessels that feed tumors and kinesin spindle protein (KSP) plays a critical role in mitosis involving in cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
The role of CD47 in promoting cell proliferation is heavily dependent on cell type as both activation and loss of CD47 can result in enhanced proliferation. (wikidoc.org)
Activation of CD47 with TSP-1 increases proliferation of human U87 and U373 astrocytoma cells but not normal astrocytes . (wikidoc.org)
Additionally, CD47 blocking antibodies inhibit proliferation of unstimulated astrocytoma cells but not normal astrocytes. (wikidoc.org)
Though the exact mechanism is unclear, it is likely that CD47 promotes proliferation via the PI3K/Akt pathway in cancerous cells but not normal cells. (wikidoc.org)
Loss of CD47 allows sustained proliferation of primary murine endothelial cells and enables these cells to spontaneously reprogram to form multipotent embryoid body-like clusters. (wikidoc.org)
Activation of CD47 with TSP-1 in wild-type cells inhibits proliferation and reduces expression of stem cell transcription factors. (wikidoc.org)

On target-engagement assays and NMR spectroscopy, A4 was observed to degrade rather than inhibit XIAP, catalyzing rapid degradation of XIAP through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. (bvsalud.org)
ROS no son solo productos toxicos del metabolismo aerobico, sino ademas, moleculas senales involucradas en varios procesos de desarrollo en … 54, 2003, The lignin biosynthetic pathway has been studied for more than a century but has undergone major revisions over the past decade. (rehabsociety.org.hk)
Biochemical data suggest that SA potentiates the signal pathway for HR by affecting an early phosphorylation-sensitive step preceding the generation of pro-death signals, including those derived from the oxidative burst. (springer.com)
Eiger is produced in apoptotic cells and, through activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, is able to propagate the initial apoptotic stimulus. (elifesciences.org)
Organisms usually contain large numbers of sphingolipid subspecies (for a pathway based compilation, see www.sphingomap.org) and knowledge about the types and amounts is imperative because they influence membrane structure, interactions with the extracellular matrix and neighboring cells, vesicular traffic and the formation of specialized structures such as phagosomes and autophagosomes, as well as participate in intracellular and extracellular signaling. (sphingolipidclub.com)
All of these alterations signal through the PI3-kinase/AKT/mTOR pathway, which is critical for tumour escape from radiation induced cell death. (ecancer.org)
Chemotherapeutic agents that damage DNA activate the p53 pathway and can initiate cancer cell death [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
However, chemoresistant cancers often have sustained changes that block activation of the p53 pathway either by missense mutations in p53 or by overexpression of MDM2 [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Autophagy usually serves as a survival mechanism in response to stress conditions, but excessive induction of autophagy results in cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Evidence for GO induced autophagy includes increased levels of isoform B-II microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), aggregation of green fluorescence protein-tagged LC3, and increased numbers of autophagic vacuoles in cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Overexpression of IRS-1 resulted in inhibition of basal autophagy, and reduced oxidative stress-induced autophagy and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Knockdown of autophagy-related gene 5 inhibited basal autophagy and diminished oxidative stress-induced autophagy and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results suggest that overexpression of IRS-1 promotes cells growth, inhibits basal autophagy, reduces oxidative stress-induced autophagy, and diminishes oxidative stress-mediated autophagy-dependent cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Senescence-related impairment of autophagy induces toxic intraneuronal amyloid-β accumulation in a mouse model of amyloid pathology. (uclouvain.be)
however, DHCer induces autophagy and may be important in the regulation of this important cellular process. (sphingolipidclub.com)

Inhibition of the sirtuin protein sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in HUVECs has been shown to induce cellular senescence. (wikipedia.org)
Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 44(ERp44), an unfolded protein response (UPR)-induced endoplasmic reticulum(ER) protein, is induced during ER stress. (biomedcentral.com)
In some conditions, especially in tumor microenvironment, cells undergo nutrient deprivation, hypoxia or drug-induced toxicity, protein folding is interfered. (biomedcentral.com)
The ER resident protein 44(ERp44), a UPR-induced ER protein of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family, is induced during ERS. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein serine/threonine kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) plays an important role in averting cell death. (bioinf.org)
The p53 protein is a transcription factor that normally inhibits cell growth and stimulates cell death in response to myriad stressors, including DNA damage (induced by either UV or chemical agents such as hydrogen peroxide), oxidative stress, and deregulated oncogene expression [6-10]. (bioinf.org)
ROS decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase signaling, while overexpression of IRS-1 attenuated this inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
We previously reported that UV induced rapid proteasomal degradation of p21 protein in an ubiquitination-independent manner. (korea.ac.kr)
Some of p21 protein translocated to the nucleus were associated with chromatin-bound PCNA and saved from UV-induced proteolysis. (korea.ac.kr)
Overexpression of the EAAT2 transgenic protein results in a 2-3 fold increase in hippocampal and cerebrocortical synaptosomal D-aspartate uptake. (grantome.com)
Rapid and transient activation of myelin basic protein kinase in tobacco leaves treated with hairpin from Erwinia amylovora . (springer.com)
MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)
DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)
When cells were transfected with GFP-HIF-1α, treatment with TSA increased the number of green fluorescence protein (GFP)-positive cells. (oncotarget.com)
protein patterns of subjects with leish- Cell culture maniasis [17]. (who.int)
Overexpression of wild-type human amyloid precursor protein alters GABAergic transmission. (uclouvain.be)
However, no sigificant difference in the mRNA and protein levels of ANG2, involving inhibition of angiogenesis was found in HUVECs cultured with supernatant of Hep3B cells treated with siRNA cocktail, compared to that of VEGF-siRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
CD47 interacts with signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), an inhibitory transmembrane receptor present on myeloid cells . (wikidoc.org)
fragmented sleep has been shown to affect tau-protein accumulation in Alzheimer's patients, and rapid eye movement (REM) behavioral disorder is observed in a significant amount of Parkinson's patients. (frontiersin.org)

We examined not just the effect of proadifen and MTX on the expression of BCRP, but we were also interested in other molecular mechanisms involved in the possible antitumour activity of proadifen alone and in combination with MTX, such as the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, proteins involved in the regulation of BCRP and proteins involved in the reparation of chemotherapeutic drug-induced DNA damage. (spandidos-publications.com)

We hypothesized that MGST1 may also protect against nanomaterial -induced cytotoxicity through a specific effect on lipid peroxidation. (cdc.gov)
We evaluated the induction of cytotoxicity and oxidative stress by TiO2, CeO2, SiO2, and ZnO in the human MCF-7 cell line with or without overexpression of MGST1. (cdc.gov)
Overexpression of MGST1 reversed the cytotoxicity of the main SiO2 nanoparticle s tested and for one of the supplementary SiO2 nanoparticle s but did not protect cells against ZnO-induced cytotoxic effects. (cdc.gov)
Our data also showed that SiO2 nanoparticle -induced cytotoxicity is mitigated in the presence of serum, potentially through masking of reactive surface groups by serum proteins, whereas ZnO nanoparticle s were cytotoxic both in the presence and in the absence of serum. (cdc.gov)
Because mitoxantrone (MTX) is a strong BCRP substrate and is often used in the treatment of leukemia, we investigated the effect of 24 h proadifen pre-treatment on the cytotoxicity of MTX in leukemic cell lines that are sensitive to MTX (HL-60) and MTX-resistant ABCG2-overexpressing subclone (cBCRP). (spandidos-publications.com)
We therefore tested a chemotherapeutic agent (8-amino-adenosine) that induces p53-independent cell death for higher clinically relevant cytotoxicity. (oncotarget.com)

3- 5 Therefore, during severe hypoxia or anoxia, the cell initiates a cascade of events that leads to apoptotic cell death, thereby preventing the accumulation of cells with hypoxia induced mutations. (bmj.com)
Mutations that cause RP initially lead to rod cell death. (nacuity.com)
Chris' primary research focus is on using experimental and clinical data to predict how heart cells, the engine of every heartbeat, respond to genetic mutations and to drugs. (swansea.ac.uk)
Of the molecular anomalies identified in non-small cell lung cancer, EGFr mutation or overexpression, mutations of the RAS oncogene or the PTEN tumour suppressor gene are among the most frequently observed. (ecancer.org)
PMID:18786442 mutations and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)

p53 activation is characterized by a drastic increase and its rapid accumulation in stressed cells [11]. (bioinf.org)
Abstract Rapid generation of superoxide and accumulation of H2O2 is a characteristic early feature of the hypersensitive response following perception of pathogen avirulence signals. (rehabsociety.org.hk)
Accordingly, the epistatic relationship between cell death and SA accumulation, analyzed in crosses between lesion-mimic mutants (spontaneous lesion formation) and the transgenic nahG line (depleted in SA) places the SA activity in a feedback loop downstream and upstream of cell death. (springer.com)
Exciting advances have been made in the identification of cellular protective functions and cell death suppressors that might operate in HR. Moreover, the spatio-temporal patterns of the SA accumulation (non-homogeneous distribution, biphasic kinetics) described in some HR lesions, may also reveal important clues for unraveling the complex cellular network that tightly balances pro- and anti-death functions in the hypersensitive cell death. (springer.com)
Several compounds have been shown to inhibit the efflux activity of ABC transporters, thereby increasing intracellular drug accumulation and sensitising cancer cells to therapy. (spandidos-publications.com)

Co-Treatment of Prostate Cancer Cells with Mscs Expressing Trail and Iap Inhibitors Reduce Trail Resistance and Production of Trail-Induced Cytokines. (essex.ac.uk)
In contrast to PTI, ETI induces stronger and long-lasting responses, which is frequently accompanied by programmed cell death, a process known as the hypersensitive response (HR), leading to pathogen resistance. (frontiersin.org)
Introduction Attempted infection of plants by a nonpathogen or an avir- ulent strain of a pathogen elicits rapid collapse of the chal- The oxidative burst, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to microbial pathogen attack, is a ubiquitous early part of the resistance mechanisms of plant cells. (rehabsociety.org.hk)
Although extensive data has described the key role of salicylic acid (SA) in signaling pathogen-induced disease resistance, its function in physiological processes related to cell death is still poorly understood. (springer.com)
Cell-autonomous recognition of the rust pathogen determines Rpl-specified resistance in maize. (springer.com)
Multidrug resistance caused by the overexpression of ABC transporter proteins in cancer cells remains a major obstacle limiting chemotherapy efficacy. (spandidos-publications.com)
The survival rates of tumor patients are decreasing because of tumor cell resistance to anticancer chemotherapies [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
This is due to acute alterations in the tissues surrounding the tumor and in the environment as a result of treatment with anticancer therapeutics, which facilitate the drug resistance of tumor cells. (oncotarget.com)
The recurrence and drug resistance of breast cancer are intractable due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which are adequate to initiate tumor formation and refractory to conventional remedies. (spandidos-publications.com)
Four wild-type (drug-sensitive) human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T47D,MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435) were used to evaluate the influence of acute and chronic exposure to ceramide and ceramide metabolites on MDR1 mRNA,P-gp, and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. (sphingolipidclub.com)
These cells not only demonstrated a 3-foldincrease in resistance to doxorubicin and a 9-fold increase in resistance to paclitaxel, but also showed increased efflux of rhodamine. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Furthermore, gene overexpression is also frequently associated to antifungal resistance as well as an increase in the activity of proteins that reduce oxidative damage. (intechopen.com)
RAC1 Alterations Induce Acquired Dabrafenib Resistance in Association with Anaplastic Transformation in a Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patient. (mdanderson.org)
The rapid acquisition of drug resistance blunts the efficacy of targeted therapies, but the resistance mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. (aacrjournals.org)

Conversely, overexpression of SIRT1 in HUVECs has been shown to inhibit cellular senescence. (wikipedia.org)
For ZnO nanoparticle s, rapid dissolution was observed, and the subsequent interaction of Zn2+ with cellular targets is likely to contribute to the cytotoxic effects. (cdc.gov)
2021). The antiandrogen enzalutamide downregulates TMPRSS2 and reduces cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells . (essex.ac.uk)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
In response to this challenge, the International Society for Cellular Therapy formulated minimal criteria for defining MSCs in order to create a broader consensus for more uniform characterization of these cells (Dominici et al. (pdffox.com)

Overexpression of AtVPS34 promoted stomatal closure while PI3K inhibitors blocked that after spray inoculation. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, this study has elucidated that SA‐induced stomatal closure involves extracellular oxidative burst (Figs 2 & 3) and that the extracellular oxidative burst is mediated with SHAM‐sensitive peroxidases but not NAD(P)H oxidases (Figs 1d & 2). (rehabsociety.org.hk)

All somatic cells proliferate via a mitotic process determined by progression through the cell cycle. (bioinf.org)
For instance, RUNX2 is involved in the progression of various tumor types, such as osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer and breast cancer ( 15 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Of note, other studies have also indicated the involvement of RUNX2 in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and breast cancer progression ( 22 , 23 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This editorial highlights the relevance of interfering in cancer cell progression through the pharmacological manipulation on the cell metabolism of cyclic nucleotides such as cAMP, and on the intracellular Ca2+ signaling, which may avail the reduction of toxic effects promoted by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, thus decreasing the incidence of interruption in antitumoral treatment. (researchgate.net)
1 , 2 In recent years, mammalian cell-derived exosomes (a type of extracellular vesicle) have been widely used in the field of biomedicine, including diagnosis, regulation of disease progression and drug delivery. (dovepress.com)
Treatment with 200 mg/kg bodyweight C-PC (Group III) transcriptionally regulated the instability of the expression of these genes, thus ensuring C-PC is a prospective anticataractogenic agent that probably delays the onset and progression of cataractogenesis induced by sodium selenite. (molvis.org)
Here, we draw upon studies that have shed light on the initiation and progression of islet autoimmunity from the point of view of the beta cell. (springer.com)

The oxidative burst or the rapid production of ROS with a subsequent cascade of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress (Hippeli et al. (rehabsociety.org.hk)
Na+ induces specific downstream responses, but the sodium-sensing mechanism of plants remains to be identified. (rehabsociety.org.hk)
Disruption of innate defense responses by endoglycosidase HPSE promotes cell survival. (uu.se)
The CD47/SIRPα interaction leads to bidirectional signaling, resulting in different cell-to-cell responses including inhibition of phagocytosis , stimulation of cell-cell fusion, and T-cell activation . (wikidoc.org)
We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest that second-generation influenza vaccines with higher hemagglutinin (HA) antigen content and/or different production methods may induce stronger antibody responses to HA than standard-dose egg-based influenza vaccines in adults. (cdc.gov)
We compared antibody responses to high-dose egg-based inactivated (HD-IIV3), recombinant (RIV4), and cell culture-based (ccIIV4) vs standard-dose egg-based inactivated influenza vaccine (SD-IIV4) among health care personnel (HCP) aged 18-65 years in 2 influenza seasons (2018-2019, 2019-2020). (cdc.gov)
CONCLUSIONS: HD-IIV3 did not induce higher antibody responses than SD-IIV4, but, consistent with previous studies, RIV4 was associated with higher postvaccination antibody titers. (cdc.gov)

Low ATP concentrations in hypoxic tumour cells disable the apoptotic cascade and induce cell death by necrosis. (bmj.com)

In cells of the mammalian immune system, PI3K is activated by receptors for antigen, cytokines, costimulatory molecules, and so on. (frontiersin.org)
This triggers the formation of ASC-GFP specks, the release of cytokines (eg IL-16 and IL-18) and pyroptotic cell death. (invivogen.com)

We found that antagonism of XIAP, but not other IAPs, triggered apoptotic death in neuroblastoma cells. (bvsalud.org)
confirmed an apoptotic death for both cell lines. (bioinf.org)

2 In addition, hypoxia induces genetic instability by the induction of fragile sites causing gene amplification. (bmj.com)

Mammalian cells have developed a range of adaptations to survive acute and even prolonged hypoxia. (bmj.com)
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, and as such plays a key role in neurological diseases involving hyperexcitability and excitotoxic cell death. (grantome.com)
In mammalian cells, there are three types of PI3K with distinct substrate specificities. (frontiersin.org)
1999) was originally identified in mammalian phagocytes and later demonstrated in plant cells (Low and Merida, 1996). (rehabsociety.org.hk)
Dr. Multani has extensive expertise in the field of Human and Mammalian Cytogenetics, and specializes in the evaluation of genetic instability and complex chromosomal rearrangements in cancer cells, telomere dysfunction, characterization of embryonic stem cells, and authentication of cell lines. (mdanderson.org)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a group of cell-derived membranous structures, which play an important role in intercellular communication and functional transduction. (dovepress.com)

However, multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells may avoid the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy by glycosylating ceramide. (sphingolipidclub.com)
This trial initiated by IGR, aims at combining radiotherapy for locally advanced non small cell cancer (non metastatic,) sequential radio-chemotherapy and everolimus, an inhibitor of mTOR (RAD001). (ecancer.org)
A single nucleotide polymorphism (T to G) in the mdm2 P2 promoter, mdm2 SNP309, leads to MDM2 overexpression promoting chemotherapy resistant cancers. (oncotarget.com)

Increased manifestation levels of p53, p21, and p27, downregulation of c-myc and Bcl-2, and inhibition of Akt activation were also found in CF-treated MSTO-211 and HCT-116 cells. (bioinf.org)
Pharmacologic inhibition of MIF nuclease: A new treatment paradigm to treat cell death. (neurotree.org)
We show for the first time that proadifen is able to enhance the cytotoxic properties of MTX in cBCRP cells, particularly through the inhibition of BCRP expression and activity. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, the inhibition of DNA damage repair proteins Ku86 and B23 after proadifen treatment indicate a possible role of proadifen in DNA repair blockage, thus suppressing the reparation rate of MTX-induced DSBs. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, we revealed the ability of proadifen to increase the intracellular hypericin content in HT-29 cells most likely via the inhibition of BCRP and MRP1 transporters ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Inhibition of Tumor-Host Cell Interactions Using Synthetic Heparin Mimetics. (uu.se)
Importantly, etoposide and actinomycin D treatments increased histone H3K36 trimethylation in T/T, but not G/G cells, suggesting a G/G correlated inhibition of transcription elongation. (oncotarget.com)
Prevaccination and 1-month-postvaccination sera were tested by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay against 4 cell culture propagated vaccine reference viruses. (cdc.gov)

A diverse range of physiological stimuli induce Akt kinase activity, including many trophic factors which promote survival, at least in part, through Akt activation via the phosphatidylinositide 3-OH kinase 123653-11-2 manufacture (PI3K) signaling cascade. (bioinf.org)
Furthermore, overexpression of AtVPS34 enhanced PR gene expression after syringe infiltration with Pst DC3000 ( avrRpt2 ), while PI3K inhibitors inhibited that. (frontiersin.org)

The severity of hypoxia determines whether cells become apoptotic or adapt to hypoxia and survive. (bmj.com)
Hypoxia reduces the ability of a cell to maintain its energy level, because less ATP will be obtained from glycolysis than from oxidative phosphorylation. (bmj.com)
Reductions in uteroplacental flow initiate a cascade of molecular effects leading to hypoxia, thrombosis, inflammation, and endothelial cell dysfunction resulting in untoward pregnancy outcomes. (hindawi.com)

Microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) is an antioxidant enzyme located predominantly in the mitochondrial outer membrane and endoplasmic reticulum and has been shown to protect cells from lipid peroxidation induced by a variety of cytostatic drugs and pro-oxidant stimuli. (cdc.gov)

Indeed, the NLRP1 sensor is activated upon cleavage by the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease NSP5 in lung epithelial cells [2]. (invivogen.com)
Human NLRP1 is a sensor of pathogenic coronavirus 3CL proteases in lung epithelial cells. (invivogen.com)
Taken at face value, senile cataract is intimately associated with the increased risk of oxidative stress, which levies irrevocable changes in the lenticular proteins that impel the lens epithelial cells to the apoptotic phase. (molvis.org)

SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticle s caused dose- and time-dependent toxicity, whereas no obvious cytotoxic effects were induced by nanoparticle s of TiO2 and CeO2. (cdc.gov)

To date, RUNX2 has been involved in diverse physiological processes, including osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, chondrocyte hypertrophy, immunomodulation, vascular invasion and endothelial cell migration via modulating a variety of signaling cascades (e.g. (spandidos-publications.com)
3 , 4 Similarly, plant cells also secrete exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNVs) that can participate in various physiological processes such as the inheritance of traits and defense response. (dovepress.com)

2 currents andwith cell surfacebiotinylation for theW391Amutation, we performed similar studies following mutation of Y388. (plasignaling.com)

These interactions result in CD47/integrin complexes that affect a range of cell functions including adhesion, spreading and migration. (wikidoc.org)

According to the data released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization, breast cancer surpassed lung cancer in 2020 and became the world's most significant cancer type with the most newly-diagnosed cases and deaths among females ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Cells with MET amplification were resistant to EGFR, BRAF, and MEK inhibitors alone or in combination, and crizotinib, which had no effect alone, reduced cell viability in combination with vemurafenib. (aacrjournals.org)

Also, NACA was shown to inhibit dexamethasone-induced cataract formation by limiting lipid peroxidation and increasing the ratio of GSH/GSSG in rat lens. (nacuity.com)
This study was designed to examine the constrictive potential of C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) in regulating changes imposed on gene expression in the selenite-induced cataract model. (molvis.org)

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are cells derived from the endothelium of veins from the umbilical cord. (wikipedia.org)
They are used as a laboratory model system for the study of the function and pathology of endothelial cells (e.g., angiogenesis). (wikipedia.org)
Like human umbilical artery endothelial cells they exhibit a cobblestone phenotype when lining vessel walls. (wikipedia.org)
Expression of several stem cell markers , including c-Myc , is elevated in CD47-null endothelial cells and a human T cell line lacking CD47. (wikidoc.org)
Similarly, sEng is a truncated form of receptor for two subtypes of transforming growth factor beta (TGF β ) specifically, TGF β 1 and TGF β 2 which are highly expressed by vascular endothelial cells and syncytiotrophoblasts. (hindawi.com)

Nuclear translocation of p21 was not required for its degradation, but rather promoted DNA repair and cell survival. (korea.ac.kr)

BCRP expression was detected in several different solid tumours ( 1 - 5 ), as well as in malignant hematopoietic and lymphoid cells ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In humans, TLR- and NLR-mediated IL-1β promotes the expansion of Th17-type helper T cells [25], [26]. (baumaschinen-knell.de)

SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. (invivogen.com)
It was previously reported that proadifen (SKF-525A), a well-known cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor, not only has anti-proliferative potential in some cancer cell lines, but it is also able to inhibit BCRP and MRP1 transporter proteins ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In vitro , MET overexpression activated ERK signaling and rendered BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer cells resistant to vemurafenib and panitumumab, and sensitivity was restored by treatment with the MET inhibitor crizotinib. (aacrjournals.org)

Each cell line was incubated with Anti-ACE2-PE antibody for 1 hour at 4°C. Cell surface staining was analyzed by flow cytometry. (invivogen.com)
Lysates from A549-ASCoV2 (1) and A549-ASCoV2-NLRP1 (2) cells were analyzed by western blot using an anti‑human NLRP1 and an anti-human ASC antibody, followed by HRP conjugated secondary antibody. (invivogen.com)
1. Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with FLAG antibody and then probed with anti Cav3. (plasignaling.com)

CD47 is a high affinity receptor for thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a secreted glycoprotein that plays a role in vascular development and angiogenesis, and in this later capacity the TSP1-CD47 interaction inhibits nitric oxide signaling at multiple levels in vascular cells. (wikidoc.org)

Stem Cell Rev. 2 (2): 93-102. (wikipedia.org)
I am especially interested in the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in this process. (essex.ac.uk)
Within haematopoietic stem cell hair transplant, on the basis of completely individual leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched contributor beneficiary frames, negative effects similar to graft vs . leukaemia and also graft compared to host tend to be seen and hard to manage. (casr-signal.com)
Alternative therapies, including autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), matrix-induced ACI (MACI), and stem cell transplantation, are also available commercially or are in the clinical study phase. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to their stem/progenitor properties, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess broad immunoregulatory properties that are being investigated for potential clinical application in treating immune-based disorders. (pdffox.com)

Overexpression of the wild type p21, but not the one with defective nuclear localization signal (NLS), reduced UV-induced DNA damage and cell death. (korea.ac.kr)
An immunohistochemical study in a RP pig model suggested that the death of rods results in decreased oxygen consumption and hyperoxia in the outer retina resulting in gradual cone cell death from oxidative damage. (nacuity.com)
Various environmental stresses lead to excessive production of ROS causing progressive oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. (rehabsociety.org.hk)
Beyond this protective role, Mrr can inflict chromosomal DNA damage that elicits the SOS response in the host cell upon heterologous expression of specific methyltransferases such as M.HhaII, or after exposure to high pressure (HP). (uci.edu)
Heparanase Expression Propagates Liver Damage in CCL4-Induced Mouse Model. (uu.se)

The scope of these studies encompassed diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, glaucoma, retinal detachment, light-induced retinal degeneration, age-related macular degeneration, and inherited retinal degeneration. (molvis.org)
Retinal degeneration is progressive deterioration of the retinal cells, eventually culminating in their death. (molvis.org)
These conditions include but are not limited to artery or vein occlusion in diabetic retinopathy, hypoxic retina in retinopathy of prematurity, aging in age-related macular degeneration, expression of mutant proteins in inherited retinal degeneration, traumatic injury leading to retinal detachment, and light sensitivity in the case of light-induced retinal degeneration. (molvis.org)
Light, as the external stimulus, activates intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which innervate the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in mammals, entraining the mammal to the 24-h day ( Do and Yau, 2010 ). (frontiersin.org)

We propose that our findings reflect a mechanism to facilitate removal of damaged cells, enhancing DNA repair at the same time. (korea.ac.kr)
AiA provides a mechanism to explain cohort behavior of dying cells that is seen both in normal development and under pathological conditions. (elifesciences.org)
found that TNF is produced by apoptotic cells in hair follicles, and that blocking TNF inhibits the death of other cells in the same cohort: this suggests that a common mechanism could regulate the communal death of cells in flies and mammals. (elifesciences.org)
The endocytosis mechanism of ACNVs was evaluated on Hep G2 cells in the presence of different endocytosis inhibitors. (dovepress.com)

TCR stimulation via antigen/MHC presentation or anti-CD3 mAb induces T-ALL cell death. (aacrjournals.org)
Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)

Glucuronyl C5-epimerase is crucial for epithelial cell maturation during embryonic lung development. (uu.se)

Recently, following the rapid advances in molecular biology, many new therapeutic strategies, including RNA interference (RNAi) technology for treating liver cancer at genetic level have been developed[ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

We have tested the hypothesis that glutamate transporters play a key role in preventing cell death in limbic seizures, by generating a transgenic mouse model of astrocytic EAAT2 (Glt-1) overexpression. (grantome.com)
Finally we will use two kindling models of status epilepticus to determine if increased glutamate transport activity lowers the threshold, rate of kindling acquisition, molecular plasticity or degree of cell death in PAAT2 transgenic mice compared with age-matched wild-type animals Specific Aim 3). (grantome.com)
an oxidative burst triggered by the treatment of Arabidopsis plants with a cell wall elicitor prepared from the fungus Fusarium oxysporum could be abolished by knocking down the transcript levels of PRX33 and PRX34 through the transgenic expression of a French bean class III peroxidase cDNA (FBP1) in an antisense orientation (Daudi et al. (rehabsociety.org.hk)
A549-ASCoV2 cells not only serve as a control cell line for A549-ASCoV2-NLRP1 cells but also offer the possibility to monitor ASC-dependent inflammasome activation of NLRP3 after its transgenic expression. (invivogen.com)

Implications of Heparanase on Heparin Synthesis and Metabolism in Mast Cells. (uu.se)
1990. Cell replication and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) activity of low molecular weight chlorinated paraffins in the rat liver in vivo. (cdc.gov)

Because MTX is a preferential and strong substrate of BCRP, MTX-sensitive HL-60 cell line and an MTX-resistant ABCG2-overexpressing subclone (here referred to as cBCRP) were chosen as the experimental models. (spandidos-publications.com)

The Effects of NLY01, a Novel Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination and Remyelination: Challenges and Future Perspectives. (neurotree.org)
During normal thymic development, T cells mature via cell surface expression of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and positive selection of thymocytes that bind self-peptide/MHC complexes with low affinity. (aacrjournals.org)

In conclusion for cancer cells overexpressing MDM2, targeting MDM2 may be less effective than inducing p53-independent cell death. (oncotarget.com)

Microsomal glutathione transferase 1 protects against toxicity induced by silica nanoparticle s but not by zinc oxide nanoparticle s. (cdc.gov)
NPI-001 targets cells' lack of available cysteine, which is required for intracellular biosynthesis of glutathione. (nacuity.com)
While it is found in every cell, glutathione cannot penetrate cell walls, thus it cannot be supplemented from outside and it must be biosynthesized inside the cell. (nacuity.com)
The substrates, glutamate and glycine, are often present in cells, but some cells lack sufficient cysteine to make additional glutathione. (nacuity.com)
NAC is a well-known, antioxidant moiety that is capable of facilitating glutathione biosynthesis, replenishing glutathione within cells that are undergoing oxidative stress. (nacuity.com)

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common tumor in the world. (degruyter.com)
risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)
Arbyn M, Bergeron C, Klinkhamer P, Martin-Hirsch squamous cell carcinoma in a high-risk region in Iran. (who.int)

From a screen of IAP inhibitors, first-in-class ARTS mimetic A4 was most effective against high-risk and high XIAP-expressing neuroblastoma cells, and least toxic towards normal liver-and bone marrow-derived cells, compared to pan-IAP antagonists. (bvsalud.org)

In a kainic acid (KA) model of temporal lobe epilepsy, increased glutamate transport results in an 80 percent decrease in hippocampal cell death compared to the level of cell death following KA-induced seizures in a wild-type age-matched animals. (grantome.com)
Two mdm2 G/G SNP309 cancer cell lines, MANCA and A875, have compromised wild-type p53 that co-localizes with MDM2 on chromatin. (oncotarget.com)
In the synuclein-overexpression model, unlike wild-type, injected oligomers did have an effect, worsening dopamine neuron loss and motor problems. (alzforum.org)

The polyphenol quercetin has been found to be an effective senolytic for inducing the death of senescent HUVECs. (wikipedia.org)

CF treatment on leukemia cell lines induces cell death due to apoptotic mechanisms and altering 123653-11-2 manufacture cell metabolism through HIF-1 and GLUT-1 regulation [3]. (bioinf.org)

In this study, we found that the SCARA5 expression was lower in CAL-27 and SCC-9 cells than that in human normal oral epithelial keratinocytes. (degruyter.com)
A549-ASCoV2 NLRP1 cells and their control cell line overexpress the genes encoding the SARS-CoV-2 human receptors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 [1], and are thus highly permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection. (invivogen.com)
A549-ASCoV2-NLRP1 cells have been additionally engineered to stably express the human NLRP1 inflammasome sensor. (invivogen.com)
Human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA) and its ABCG2-overexpressing subclone (here referred to as cBCRP) was kindly provided by Dr Balazs Sarkadi (Membrane Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary) ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This occurs frequently in animal development: in human fetuses, for example, cells in the hand are directed to die to remove webbing between the fingers. (elifesciences.org)
In the present study we examined the relationship between ceramide, ceramide metabolites and expression of the MDR1 gene in human breast cancer cell lines. (sphingolipidclub.com)
The purpose of this study is to examine the therapeutic potential of dual gene targeted siRNA cocktail on human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells. (biomedcentral.com)
It has been known that human cancer is a gene-related disease involving abnormal cell growth. (biomedcentral.com)
CD47 is ubiquitously expressed in human cells and has been found to be overexpressed in many different tumor cells. (wikidoc.org)
In this study, we developed a technique to determine the LOD in terms of oocysts, using a cell sorter to sort 1 to 50 C. cayetanensis oocyst(s) previously purified from three human stool sources. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy19

Organisms11

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs83

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care2

Apoptosis40

Proliferation15

Pathway8

Autophagy7

Protein19

Drug-induced1

Cytotoxicity6

Mutations5

Accumulation5

Resistance14

Cellular5

Stomatal closure2

Progression7

Responses8

Necrosis1

Cytokines2

Apoptotic death2

Causing gene amplification1

Mammalian5

Extracellular1

Chemotherapy3

Inhibition8

PI3K2

Hypoxia3

Endoplasmic reticulum1

Epithelial cells3

Cytotoxic1

Physiological2

Mutation1

Migration1

20201

EGFr1

Cataract2

Endothelial5

Survival1

Tumours1

Promotes1

Inhibitor3

Antibody3

Vascular1

Stem5

Damage5

Retinal4

Mechanism4

Antigen2

Lung1

Molecular Biology1

Transgenic4

Synthesis2

Resistant1

Receptor2

Conclusion1

Glutathione5

Squamous cell carc3

Inhibitors1

Wild type3

HUVECs1

Regulation1

Human10