Outer hair cell hair cells auditory inner. Medical search. Frequent questions

Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs): This test uses scalp electrodes to measure electrical activity in response to sound clicks. (medscape.com)
Auditory brainstem responses were measured to assess hearing thresholds, and microscopy was used to observe the morphology of cochlear hair cells after fluorescent staining. (spandidos-publications.com)
Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) were performed to evaluate the effects on hearing functions. (frontiersin.org)

A comprehensive audiological behavioral and electrophysiological assessment of the middle and inner ear and the central auditory pathway was administered to identify the possible site(s) of lesion and to determine if ANSD was present. (ejao.org)
It could be that the central auditory pathway is actually calmed down by benzos, not just an anxiety reaction. (tinnitustalk.com)

Berlin CI, Hood L, Rose K. On renaming auditory neuropathy as auditory dys-synchrony. (medscape.com)

Individuals with craniofacial, syndromic features are at high risk of having auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders (ANSD) [ 1 ] as well as auditory processing disorders [ 2 ] that affect perceptual abilities. (ejao.org)

Deterioration in Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Auditory Neuropathy Patients With Distinct Clinical and Genetic Backgrounds. (medscape.com)
Otoacoustic emissions (OAE's) are vibrations generated as by-products of the mechanical action of the outer hair cells of the cochlea. (evokedpotential.com)
Otoacoustic emissions reflect the integrity of outer hair cell function. (evokedpotential.com)
Audiological evaluation revealed mixed hearing loss and signs of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) despite absence of otoacoustic emissions and an absent click-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) without recording of cochlear microphonics (CM). ANSD was characterized by abnormal speech discrimination, bilateral robust CM to 2,000 Hz tone-burst (TB) ABR, and abnormal left thalamocortical and cortical pathways diagnosed based on auditory middle latency and cortical N1-P2 responses. (ejao.org)
In addition, we show that pharmacological activation of CYP46A1 with the antiretroviral drug efavirenz reduces the cholesterol content in outer hair cells (OHCs), leading to a decrease in prestin immunolabeling and resulting in an increase in the distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) thresholds. (bvsalud.org)

Auditory function of these Ikzf2 cKO mice was evaluated at 6-weeks of age by distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurements. (nih.gov)

citation needed] The inner hair cells transform the sound vibrations in the fluids of the cochlea into electrical signals that are then relayed via the auditory nerve to the auditory brainstem and to the auditory cortex. (wikipedia.org)
Much of what is understood about the neurophysiology of auditory processing has been derived from studying and modeling the afferent auditory nervous system, a complex neural network that conveys information from the inner ears to the brainstem and cortex. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
However, a less extensive body of research in both experimental animals and humans suggests that the efferent auditory nervous system, a network descending from auditory cortex to the cochlea, may serve an equally important role in auditory processing. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
The patient underwent psychological and genetic testing and screening for 133 genetic mutations associated with hearing loss, as well as extensive audiological evaluation to assess the auditory pathway between the middle ear and the auditory cortex. (ejao.org)
Therefore, these individuals should undergo comprehensive audiological evaluation, including both behavioral and electrophysiologic measures, to assess the entire auditory pathway from the middle ear to the auditory cortex. (ejao.org)

GM‑induced ototoxicity may be closely related to the upregulation of p53 expression and the activation of endogenous mitochondrial apoptosis pathways, and PU could protect cochlear hair cells from GM‑mediated damage by reducing the production of ROS and inhibiting the mitochondria‑dependent apoptosis pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
An abnormal left thalamocortical auditory pathway may be attributable to the combined effect of lack of neural synchrony secondary to ANSD mainly on the left and/or brain injury. (ejao.org)
Put the correct order for the auditory pathway. (topgradeapp.com)

Hearing test and morphology results showed that apelin-13 attenuated cisplatin-induced mice hearing loss and protected cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons from damage. (bvsalud.org)
In vivo and in vitro experimental results showed that apelin-3 reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. (bvsalud.org)
No significant hair cell damage, injury to the stria vascularis, spiral ganglion cells or myelin sheath of the eighth cranial nerve has been shown. (drsanu.com)
In vivo studies suggest that the initial effect of TMT on hearing occurs at the inner hair cell/spiral ganglion cell synapse, while later, the outer hair cell (OHC) undergoes structural and functional damage. (nih.gov)

The contraction of the outer hair cells also creates movement of the cochlear fluids, and this motion is propagated toward the round and oval windows. (evokedpotential.com)
But in the past decade, otologists studying the cells responsible for human hearing have discovered a much less conspicuous type of cell motion: a membrane-based contraction of the outer auditory hair cells. (nih.gov)

Mo L, Yan F, Liu H, Han D, Zhang L. Audiological results in a group of children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. (medscape.com)
Cooper HE, Halliday LF, Bamiou DE, Mankad K, Clark CA. Brain structure correlates with auditory function in children diagnosed with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. (medscape.com)
Cortical processing of speech in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. (medscape.com)

The vibrations then arrive at the cochlea, filled with tiny hairs. (hearingresearch.org)
The sound vibrations stimulate these tiny hairs to move. (hearingresearch.org)
When your head moves around, the liquid inside the semicircular canals sloshes around and moves the tiny hairs that line each canal. (studybuff.com)

Their cell bodies and STEREOCILIA increase in length from the cochlear base toward the apex and laterally across the rows, allowing differential responses to various frequencies of sound. (nih.gov)
In ears, the transduction process of acoustic signals from sound to frequency-specific neuronal responses of sensory cells is based on the opening of mechanosensitive ion channels. (jneurosci.org)
Here, we investigated mechanotransduction in the katydid's hearing organ with in vivo measurements of the sound-induced mechanical stimulus and of the electrical responses of the sensory cell at the transduction site. (jneurosci.org)
Previous studies using simultaneous recordings in the soma of the sensory neuron and the attached cap cell ( Oldfield and Hill, 1986 ) showed that extracellular compensation currents enable the spike responses of the sensory neuron to also be recordable as passive membrane potential changes in the corresponding cap cell ( Fig. 1 B ). (jneurosci.org)
Heat shock protein induction in response to cellular stress is one of the most ubiquitous, conserved stress responses in all of biology," says the study's first author, IRP staff scientist Katharine Fernandez, Au.D., Ph.D. "Yeast do this, plants do it, all kinds of cells generate these proteins. (nih.gov)

Mammalian cochlear hair cells are of two anatomically and functionally distinct types, known as outer, and inner hair cells. (wikipedia.org)
PU ameliorated the morphological changes of mouse cochlear hair cells and reduced the apoptosis rate of HEI‑OC1 cells after GM‑mediated damage. (spandidos-publications.com)
Current studies have found that the mechanism underlying aminoglycoside ototoxicity may be that aminoglycoside antibiotics can accumulate in cochlear hair cells, and mitochondria are the main site of accumulation ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The damage to cochlear hair cells caused by aminoglycosides is associated with the activity of oxygen radicals, and the expression of caspase-3 is also subsequently increased ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Thus, GM-induced ototoxicity may be closely related to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cochlear hair cells and the activation of endogenous mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)

In mammalian outer hair cells, the varying receptor potential is converted to active vibrations of the cell body. (wikipedia.org)
The largest vibrations occur in a tightly delineated hotspot centering near the interface between the Deiters' and outer hair cells. (nature.com)
The inner ear receives sound vibrations from the middle ear and sends them as electrical impulses through the auditory nerve to the brain. (hearingresearch.org)
These pressure waves are transmitted through the structures of the inner, middle, and outer ear in the opposite direction to the forward transmission of sound vibrations that generated them. (evokedpotential.com)
Vibrations caused by sound waves bend the stereocilia on these hair cells via an electromechanical force. (studybuff.com)
Inner hair cells (IHCs) are the sensory cells in the cochlea that are responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. (askanaudiologist.com)
Both inner and outer hair cells respond to vibrations by producing such a change in membrane potential (5,8). (nih.gov)

Most sensorineural hearing loss begins with the loss of outer hair cell function. (evokedpotential.com)
so patients with sensorineural hearing loss will most often have a loss of outer hair cells, resulting in a loss of OAEs. (evokedpotential.com)
Less commonly, sensorineural hearing loss is caused by problems beyond the outer hair cells. (evokedpotential.com)
Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by lesions of either the inner ear (sensory) or the auditory (8th) nerve (neural). (msdmanuals.com)

They derive their name from the tufts of stereocilia called hair bundles that protrude from the apical surface of the cell into the fluid-filled cochlear duct. (wikipedia.org)
The stereocilia number from fifty to a hundred in each cell while being tightly packed together and decrease in size the further away they are located from the kinocilium. (wikipedia.org)
The deflection of the hair-cell stereocilia opens mechanically gated ion channels that allow any small, positively charged ions (primarily potassium and calcium) to enter the cell. (wikipedia.org)
This vibration is transmitted to the IHCs, which have tiny hair-like projections called stereocilia. (askanaudiologist.com)
The hair-like projections on the IHCs are called stereocilia. (askanaudiologist.com)
The cells are called hair cells because tiny bundles of stereocilia - which look like hairs under a microscope - sit on top of each hair cell. (nih.gov)

The mammalian auditory sensory epithelium has one of the most stereotyped cellular patterns known in vertebrates. (johnshopkins.edu)
Historically, several lines of evidence have suggested that the hair cells of the mammalian hearing organ -- "the organ of Corti" -- are not simply passive transducers but also serve as amplifiers of the mechanical input they receive. (nih.gov)
Inner and outer hair cells of the mammalian cochlea distributed in parallel rows along the length of the basilar membrane cooperate to analyze this wave. (nih.gov)

Pure tone audiogram testing: This is a graphic plot of a patient's thresholds of auditory sensitivity for pure tone (sine wave) stimuli. (medscape.com)
In the presence of masking noise, the dynamic range of auditory nerve fibers is reduced, as signal thresholds increase and saturation levels decrease due to synaptic depletion. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Results: The data show a slightly increased shift in auditory thresholds in seropositive animals compared to the seronegative control group in response to noise trauma. (journaltocs.ac.uk)

The Organ of Corti includes three rows of outer hair cells and one row of inner hair cells. (studybuff.com)
Mechano-sensory hair cells are arranged in precise rows, with one row of inner and three rows of outer hair cells spanning the length of the spiral-shaped sensory epithelium. (johnshopkins.edu)
The three or more rows of outer hair cells in mammals receive only about 5% of the afferent innervation (4) but possess extensive efferent innervation. (nih.gov)

Thus, the "unmasking" effect of the MOC reflex restores the dynamic range of auditory nerve fibers and aids in the detection of transient signals in noise such as tones and speech (Kawase et al. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Sensory hair cells (inner and outer) absorb sound information and change it into electrical signals. (hearingresearch.org)
Finally, the auditory nerves receive the signals and send them to the brain, allowing you to hear. (hearingresearch.org)
The signals received by the cochlea then stimulate the auditory nerve and directs these signals to the brain, which interprets them as sound. (oliveunion.com)
It is a sensory cell, but it does not have the ability to transmit electrical signals on its own. (askanaudiologist.com)
The molecular signals that promote auditory sensory differentiation and instruct its graded pattern are largely unknown. (johnshopkins.edu)
Hair cells are the receptors that convert mechanical movements into electrical signals in the auditory and vestibular sensory organs of the inner ear. (nih.gov)

The row of inner hair cells is wired with afferent innervation and delivers the bulk of auditory sensory information to the brain. (nih.gov)

In a healthy ear, at the area of maximal displacement of the basilar membrane, the outer hair cells contract to bring the tectorial membrane closer to the inner hair cells. (evokedpotential.com)

Neurons from the lateral olivocochlear (LOC) system project from the periolivary nuclei of the lateral superior olivary complexes and synapse onto type I auditory nerve fibers. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
In these rare cases the loss is caused by inner hair cell loss, a disorder of the VIIIth nerve, or a disorder of the communication between inner hair cells and VIIIth nerve fibers. (evokedpotential.com)

Conclusion Overall, the results of various audiological and peripheral vestibular tests reveal distinctive peripheral and/or central auditory and vestibular end-organ impairments in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus. (thieme-connect.com)
To increase standardization in animal research, we developed universal recommendations for designing and conducting studies using a standard audiological method: auditory brainstem response (ABR). (mdpi.com)

If the hair cell damage is too severe, then no matter how much the hearing aids amplify sound, it will not help if the auditory nerve cannot receive the signal from damaged hairs. (oliveunion.com)
Recently, several reports have provided data about the way auditory hair cells can amplify sound within the cochlea. (nih.gov)

Such metrics may helpful in predicting a patient's functional auditory abilities such as speech in noise perception (Giraud et al. (hearinghealthmatters.org)

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of both the auditory system and the vestibular system in the ears of all vertebrates, and in the lateral line organ of fishes. (wikipedia.org)
In mammals, the auditory hair cells are located within the spiral organ of Corti on the thin basilar membrane in the cochlea of the inner ear. (wikipedia.org)
Fibrillar structures in the supporting cells of the organ of Corti of mammals. (springer.com)
Arima T, Uemura T, Yamamoto T (1986) Cytoskeletal organization in the supporting cell of the guinea pig organ of Corti. (springer.com)
The present study investigated whether PU could protect against GM‑induced ototoxicity in C57BL/6J mice and House Ear Institute‑Organ of Corti 1 (HEI‑OC1) cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The inner ear has a snail-shaped organ called the cochlea and numerous hair cells and nerves. (hearingresearch.org)
Most studies related to auditory functioning reported a significant effect of type-2 diabetes mellitus on the peripheral auditory system, whereas studies on vestibular functioning reported no significant effect of diabetes mellitus on the functioning of the peripheral vestibular end-organ. (thieme-connect.com)
Sensory cells of organ of Corti. (nih.gov)
Here, we performed in vivo laser-vibrometric and electrophysiological measurements at the transduction site in an insect ear ( Mecopoda elongata ) to relate the biomechanical tonotopy along the hearing organ to the frequency tuning of the corresponding sensory cells. (jneurosci.org)
Hearing is an amazing process, and it's all thanks to the 15,000 or so tiny hair cells inside our cochlea - the small, snail-shaped organ for hearing in the inner ear. (nih.gov)
The lateral plasma membrane of the outer hair cells of the organ of Corti contain "force-generation units" composed of small domains of a semicrystalline array of motor proteins. (nih.gov)
Propelling this renewed excitement in auditory research is our discovery of a novel force-generation mechanism located in the lateral plasma membrane of the outer hair cells of the organ of Corti in the cochlea. (nih.gov)
Select the most accurate statement regarding hair cells of the organ of corti. (topgradeapp.com)

Neurons from the medial olivocochlear (MOC) system project bilaterally from the periolivary nuclei of the medial superior olivary complexes to outer hair cells (OHCs). (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Activation of LOC neurons is believed to directly modulate auditory nerve fiber discharge rates by pharmacological means (Sahley et al. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Each scolopidium consists of one or two bipolar neurons and several supporting cells, including cap and scolopale cells ( Yack, 2004 ). (jneurosci.org)
Unlike other neurons, they can be generated from precursor cells in adults. (medindex.am)

The findings in this study support the use of TB ABR and auditory cortical potentials in the ANSD test protocol and in patients with craniofacial anomalies. (ejao.org)

Hair cells that have high-frequency resonance are located at the basal end while hair cells that have significantly lower frequency resonance are found at the apical end of the epithelium. (wikipedia.org)
Aiding such precise cellular patterning, differentiation of the auditory sensory epithelium is precisely timed and follows a steep longitudinal gradient. (johnshopkins.edu)
Here, we identify Activin A and its antagonist follistatin as key regulators of hair cell differentiation and show, using mouse genetic approaches, that a local gradient of Activin A signaling within the auditory sensory epithelium times the longitudinal gradient of hair cell differentiation. (johnshopkins.edu)
Furthermore, we provide evidence that Activin-type signaling regulates a radial gradient of terminal mitosis within the auditory sensory epithelium, which constitutes a novel mechanism for limiting the number of inner hair cells being produced. (johnshopkins.edu)

In order to make use of the OAEs that occur in the ear canal to understand the health of outer hair cell function in the cochlea, it is helpful to evoke their presence so that they can be systematically measured. (evokedpotential.com)
What is the function of the auditory canal? (studybuff.com)
What is a auditory canal? (studybuff.com)
external auditory canal, also called external auditory meatus, or external acoustic meatus, passageway that leads from the outside of the head to the tympanic membrane, or eardrum membrane, of each ear. (studybuff.com)
The structure of the external auditory canal is the same in all mammals. (studybuff.com)
Conductive hearing loss occurs secondary to lesions in the external auditory canal, tympanic membrane (TM), or middle ear. (msdmanuals.com)

The ear itself comprises three basic parts: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear . (hearingresearch.org)
Conductive hearing loss, caused by outer and middle ear disorder has a variable effect on OAEs. (evokedpotential.com)
These parts are the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. (studybuff.com)

Damage to hair cells can cause damage to the vestibular system and therefore cause difficulties in balancing. (wikipedia.org)
Out of 33 full-length articles, 26 evaluated the functioning of the auditory system, while 7 evaluated the functioning of the vestibular system. (thieme-connect.com)

During sound stimulation, this membrane-based, voltage-dependent motor is capable of providing mechanical feedback that appears to modulate the sensory transduction response of inner hair cells, which are responsible for the bulk of sound detection and discrimination. (nih.gov)

One of these hearing tests directly measures the function of one of the ear's two sets of sensory hair cells, known as outer hair cells. (nih.gov)

Salicylate caused greater auditory threshold shifts (near 15 dB) in GLAST KO mice than in WT mice across all tested frequencies, despite similarly reduced DPOAE. (frontiersin.org)

The amplification may be powered by the movement of their hair bundles, or by an electrically driven motility of their cell bodies. (wikipedia.org)
Scientists studying cell motility have traditionally focused on conspicuous systems, such as muscle cells or cilia. (nih.gov)

Moreover, the hair cells located in the basal turn of the basilar membrane have a stronger absorption capacity than those located in the apical turn ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Activation of the MOC system decreases cochlear amplifier gain and thus indirectly reduces auditory nerve fiber discharge rates by altering basilar membrane motion patterns. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Thus, information about the outer hair cell function along much of the basilar membrane is elicited with each stimulus. (evokedpotential.com)

In mammals, they are usually arranged in three or four rows, and away from the core of spongy bone (the modiolus), lateral to the INNER AUDITORY HAIR CELLS and other supporting structures. (nih.gov)
Drug-induced damage to these structures of the auditory and balance system can result in hearing loss, tinnitus , and dysequilibrium or dizziness . (medscape.com)
Their findings suggest that the two branches of the Y-shaped structure (made of structures called Dieters' cells and phalangeal processes of the Dieters' cells), connected to the outer hair cells, are also critical for the cochlea to be sensitive to quiet sounds. (nih.gov)

The first method, found only in non-mammals, uses electrical resonance in the basolateral membrane of the hair cell. (wikipedia.org)
Outer hair cells are found only in mammals. (wikipedia.org)
While hearing sensitivity of mammals is similar to that of other classes of vertebrates, without functioning outer hair cells, the sensitivity decreases by approximately 50 dB. (wikipedia.org)
Outer hair cells extend the hearing range to about 200 kHz in some marine mammals. (wikipedia.org)

Deviation from the normal threshold on AR testing indicates potential abnormalities of the hearing nerve and auditory system. (medscape.com)
One specific efferent circuit believed to be involved in the early stages of auditory processing is the olivocochlear system in the caudal brainstem. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Given that the caudal efferent system directly modulates cochlear mechanics and auditory nerve physiology, there has been much interest in developing clinical procedures to assay this system in humans. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Part II will provide a brief review of the human caudal efferent auditory system literature and end with a discussion regarding the progress and limitations of clinical assays of the caudal efferent system. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Germinal experiments on the caudal efferent auditory system were performed using animal models. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
Electrically or acoustically activating the caudal efferents, specifically the MOC system, desensitizes the auditory nerve to masking noise by reducing the cochlear excitation response to continuous broadband sounds. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
To understand how hearing loss happens and the treatments that seek to address it, it's helpful to know how the auditory system works. (hearingresearch.org)
Age-related hearing loss happens when the auditory system degenerates with age, like a loss of hair cells. (hearingresearch.org)
I need to read up on the 'central auditory processing system', but I do recall my audiologist saying there is a connection between the two ears. (tinnitustalk.com)

This test measures the integrity of the outer hair cells of the cochlea and cochlear function. (medscape.com)
Hearing loss is the difficulty or inability to hear sounds like other people would with normal auditory function. (hearingresearch.org)
Moreover, dietary supplementation with phytosterols, plant sterols with structure and function similar to cholesterol, was able to rescue the effect of efavirenz administration on the auditory function. (bvsalud.org)
Trimethyltin (TMT) and triethyltin (TET) disrupt auditory function at doses far below those shown to be neurotoxic. (nih.gov)
The function of these hair cells is to transmit sounds received via the outer ear to the auditory nerve. (oliveunion.com)
What is the Function of Inner Hair Cells? (askanaudiologist.com)
Their computer simulations show that, to function properly, new hair cells would also need to be organized in a specific arrangement. (nih.gov)

These sensory cells were named "hair cells" because of the bundle of sensory stereo cilia -- resembling hairs -- that projects vertically from the apical cell surface. (nih.gov)

Damage to these hair cells results in decreased hearing sensitivity, and because the inner ear hair cells cannot regenerate, this damage is permanent. (wikipedia.org)
However, other organisms, such as the frequently studied zebrafish, and birds have hair cells that can regenerate. (wikipedia.org)
These cells cannot regenerate in humans, so their destruction leads to permanent hearing loss. (nih.gov)
Scientists working on therapies to regenerate outer hair cells will also need to figure out how to restore this formation. (nih.gov)

calcium ions then enter the cell and trigger the release of neurotransmitters at the basal end of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
The depolarization of the IHCs triggers the release of neurotransmitters, which then travel along the auditory nerve to the brain. (askanaudiologist.com)

The quickness of the hair cell response may also be due to the fact that it can increase the amount of neurotransmitter release in response to a change of as little as 100 μV in membrane potential. (wikipedia.org)
Outer hair cells were a complete enigma until the mid-1980s, when Brownell and others discovered that the cells boast an unusual talent: the ability to change length when subjected to changes in membrane potential. (nih.gov)

The outer hair cells mechanically amplify low-level sound that enters the cochlea. (wikipedia.org)
We hypothesize that structural coupling between the Deiters' and outer hair cells funnels sound-evoked motion into the hotspot region, under the control of the outer hair cells, to optimize cochlear tuning and compression. (nature.com)
The cochlea within the inner ear contains the cells responsible for the perception of sound. (springer.com)
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The evolutionarily conserved ability of sensory cells to sense sound-induced mechanical forces is a fundamental process that still need investigating. (jneurosci.org)
A cochlear implant may help in cases like these because it bypasses the damaged portion of the ear and transmits sound directly to the auditory nerve. (oliveunion.com)
They are much more sensitive to sound than the outer hair cells, and they transmit more accurate information about the sound to the brain. (askanaudiologist.com)
The outer hair cells, on the other hand, are responsible for amplifying sound. (askanaudiologist.com)
Damaged hair cells cannot respond to sound, causing noise-induced hearing loss. (nih.gov)
Inner hair cells collect and relay sound information to the brain through the auditory nerve. (nih.gov)
Now, loud sounds can damage the hairs and, over time, permanently diminish your hearing, but so can a low constant sound as well. (absolutehearingcarecenters.com)

The other test, known as auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold testing, involves playing a variety of tones of different pitches at progressively lower volumes inside the ear until a tone fails to produce electrical activity in a part of the brain involved in hearing. (nih.gov)

Auditory Neuropathy/Dys-Synchrony Disorder: Diagnosis and Management. (medscape.com)

To evaluate cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, TUNEL assays, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, DCFH‑DA staining, JC‑1 staining and western blotting were performed. (spandidos-publications.com)
PU may inhibit the expression of caspase-3 and Bax, which are closely related to cell apoptosis, and promote the protein expression of Bcl-2 ( 11 , 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Binding of aminoglycosides with iron molecules generates free radicals causing oxidative stress of cells and eventually apoptosis. (drsanu.com)

The human cochlea contains on the order of 3,500 inner hair cells and 12,000 outer hair cells at birth. (wikipedia.org)
We have two types of hair cells in our cochlea: inner hair cells (we have about 3,500 per ear) and outer hair cells (we have about 12,000 per ear). (nih.gov)

Using atomic force microscopy, we imaged the cytosolic surface of the lateral plasma membrane of outer hair cells from guinea pigs' inner ear. (nih.gov)

C57BL/6J mice and HEI‑OC1 cells were used to establish models of GM‑induced ototoxicity in this study. (spandidos-publications.com)
The widely used chemotherapy drug cisplatin kills sensory cells in the inner ear that are crucial for hearing, but new IRP research in mice suggests statin medications might curb hearing loss in cancer patients receiving cisplatin therapy. (nih.gov)

Cell viability was examined with Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays. (spandidos-publications.com)

Moreover, ectopic expression of helios in inner hair cells (IHCs) led to the downregulation of markers specific to IHCs and a transcriptional shift towards an OHC-like state. (nih.gov)

The differences in threshold shift are not correlated with outer hair cell loss between the experimental groups. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Since hair cells can't be repaired or replaced in humans, hearing loss is often permanent. (nih.gov)
For people, if you injure these little hairs or the auditory nerve, you might have permanent loss of hearing. (absolutehearingcarecenters.com)

Frequency-specific auditory brainstem response recordings for determination of auditory threshold shift were carried out and the number of missing outer hair cells was counted 2 weeks after the noise exposure. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
The way in which the sensory cells are embedded in the respective ears can be very different and is in each case adapted to the auditory frequency range of interest to each species. (jneurosci.org)
The effect of this outer hair cell activity is to elicit stimulation at a lower intensity level and at a more finely tuned frequency than would otherwise occur. (evokedpotential.com)

Scientists studying this phenomenon have long known that hair cells respond to potentially harmful conditions like toxins and loud noises by triggering a 'stress response' that includes increased production of protective molecules called heat shock proteins. (nih.gov)

Anatomy40

Organisms14

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes26

Disciplines and Occupations5

Information Science1

Health Care1

Brainstem responses3

Central auditory pathway2

Renaming auditory neuropathy1

Having auditory neuropathy spectrum1

Otoacoustic Emissions5

Distortion product otoacoustic emission1

Cortex5

Pathway3

Spiral Ganglion4

Contraction of the outer2

Neuropathy spectrum disorder3

Tiny hairs3

Responses5

Cochlear hair cells5

Vibrations7

Sensorineural hear4

Stereocilia6

Mammalian3

Thresholds3

Rows of outer hair cells3

Signals7

Afferent1

Tectorial membrane1

Nerve fibers2

Audiological2

Amplify sound2

Patient's1

Organ13

Neurons4

Cortical1

Epithelium4

Canal6

Middle ear3

Vestibular system2

Modulate1

Sensory hair cells1

DPOAE1

Motility2

Basilar3

Structures3

Mammals4

System9

Function7

Apical1

Regenerate4

Release of neurotransmitt2

Membrane potential2

Sound10

Brain1

Diagnosis1

Apoptosis3

12,0002

Lateral plasma membrane1

Mice2

Assays1

IHCs1

Loss3

Frequency3

Loud1