• It is caused by Orientia (formerly Rickettsia ) tsutsugamushi , an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium, which was first isolated in Japan in 1930. (medscape.com)
  • Rickettsia parkeri str. (up.ac.za)
  • Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii str. (up.ac.za)
  • Rickettsia canadensis str. (up.ac.za)
  • Rickettsia prowazekii str. (up.ac.za)
  • They are caused by bacterial species of the genus Rickettsia and the closely related, but genetically distinct, genus Orientia . (health.mil)
  • The Rickettsia and Orientia genera both encompass a large group of obligate intracellular, gram-negative bacteria. (health.mil)
  • 7 Understanding of the epidemiology of rickettsial diseases continues to evolve as new information accumulates about the expanding geographic distribution of the causative pathogens, 8 the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains,9 and the discovery of new species in the genera Rickettsia and Orientia . (health.mil)
  • Scrub typhus is a mite-borne disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (formerly Rickettsia tsutsugamushi ). (msdmanuals.com)
  • first described isolation of a novel rickettsia, R. canada (sic) strain 2678. (fullerlaboratories.com)
  • New Perspectives on Rickettsial Evolution from New Genome Sequences of Rickettsia, particularly R. canadensis , and Orientia tsutsugamushi . (fullerlaboratories.com)
  • Debido a este tipo de parasitismo, Rickettsia non pode vivir en medios artificiais con nutrientes e hai que cultivala en cultivos de embrións (xeralmente ovos de polo embrionados) ou de tecidos biolóxicos . (wikipedia.org)
  • O método de cultivo das Rickettsia en embrións de polo inventouno Ernest William Goodpasture e os seus colegas na década de 1930. (wikipedia.org)
  • As especies de Rickettsia son transportadas por moitas especies de carrachas , pulgas , e piollos , e causan enfermidades en humanos como por exemplo o tifo exantemático , varíola rickettsial [ 10 ] , febre botonosa [ 10 ] , febre manchada das Montañas Rocosas , ou a febre manchada da illa Flinders . (wikipedia.org)
  • O nome rickettsia úsase ás veces en sentido amplo para referirse a todas as Rickettsiales . (wikipedia.org)
  • Rickettsia divídese en tres grupos baseados na seroloxía, que son: grupo da febre manchada, do tifo e da febre de tsutsugamushi [ 10 ] . (wikipedia.org)
  • O grupo da febre de tsutsugamushi foi reclasificado como un novo xénero chamado Orientia , polo que non sería xa un membro de Rickettsia , pero moitos libros de texto médicos aínda inclúen este grupo como produtor de enfermidades de rickettsias. (wikipedia.org)
  • The life cycle of the mite-borne, obligate intracellular pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot), the causative agent of human scrub typhus, differs in many aspects from that of other members of the Rickettsiales order. (bvsalud.org)
  • Scrub typhus is a potentially fatal acute febrile disease transmitted by larval mites (i.e., "chiggers"), primarily of species of the genus Leptotrombidium that are infected by the obligate intracellular bacteria O. tsutsugamushi . (health.mil)
  • In 2022, researchers collected several samples of Eutrombicula chigger mites carrying Orientia spp. (usconcealedcarry.com)
  • 1 Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi , is spread by larval (chigger) trombiculid mites from a limited range of species. (who.int)
  • O. tsutsugamushi , is maintained by transovarial transmission within the population of trombiculid mites. (who.int)
  • The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of chigger mites and Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) infection in the northern regions of Gangwon-do, Korea. (bvsalud.org)
  • The mites are both the vector and the natural reservoir for O. tsutsugamushi . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although scrub typhus was originally recognized as one of the tropical rickettsial diseases , O tsutsugamushi differs from the rickettsiae with respect to cell-wall structure and genetic composition. (medscape.com)
  • Correction: A time-course comparative clinical and immune response evaluation study between the human pathogenic Orientia tsutsugamushi strains: Karp and Gilliam in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) model. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The IgM ELISA was performed for every sample at sample dilutions from 1:100 to 1:102,400 using crude whole-cell antigens of the Karp, Kato, and Gilliam strains of O. tsutsugamushi developed by the Naval Medical Research Center. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The limit of detection of RPA assay was estimated as 10 2 copies of genomic DNA was similar to that of PCR assay and it is specific to amplify the pathogenic Leptospira strain rather than non-pathogenic Leptospira strains and other bacterial strains. (researchsquare.com)
  • Acute myocardial infarction after Oricntia tsutsugamushi infection was rarely reported, and young adult was not reported. (bvsalud.org)
  • LESSONS: Our case was the first report of young adult acute myocardial infarction after O tsutsugamushi infection and we tried to figure out the potential mechanism and how to deal with. (bvsalud.org)
  • Diversification of Orientia tsutsugamushi genotypes by intragenic recombination and their potential expansion in endemic areas. (org.vn)
  • The MLVA showed that the 23 strains had genotypes of the main epidemic B. melitensis strains in China. (bmsw.net.cn)
  • Orientia is a genus of bacteria in family Rickettsiaceae. (wikipedia.org)
  • If left untreated or not diagnosed early, scrub typhus can be fatal, with the mortality rate ranging from 1% to 30% , depending on factors like the strain of the bacteria and the availability of effective treatment. (iasgyan.in)
  • The RPA assay to detect Leptospira DNA was optimized with Leptospira reference strains and its performance characteristic such as analytical, diagnostics and reproducibility were assessed. (researchsquare.com)
  • RATIONALE: Scrub typhus is a zoonotic disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, a gram-negative intracellular bacterium and endemic in Asia-Pacific area. (bvsalud.org)
  • Once considered endemic only to central, eastern, and Southeast Asia as well as northern Australia and islands in the Pacific and Indian oceans (i.e., the tsutsugamushi triangle), case reports of scrub typhus from South America, 11,12 Africa, the Middle East, and Europe 8 have provided substantial evidence that the geographic range of scrub typhus is more extensive than previously thought. (health.mil)
  • Use of eschar swabbing for the molecular diagnosis and genotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi causing scrub typhus in Quang Nam province, Vietnam. (cdc.gov)
  • Every patient was evaluated for the presence of an eschar and tested with a blood culture for Orientia tsutsugamushi , three different PCR assays, and an IgM IFA. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The capacity of different strains of O. tsutsugamushi to result in an eschar varies, and an eschar is easier to detect in light-skinned people. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Brucella abortus biovar 1 str. (up.ac.za)
  • Results Twenty-three suspected Brucella strains were isolated from the confirmed cases of brucellosis in Alxa league from 2015 to 2019, and were identified as B. melitensis biovar 3 using conventional biological methods and multiplex PCR assay. (bmsw.net.cn)
  • Conclusion The Brucella strains from Alxa league, Inner Mongolia are consistent with the epidemic strains of brucellosis in China, and are associated with the isolates from Ningxia, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Guangdong (provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government). (bmsw.net.cn)
  • O. tsutsugamushi is transmitted by trombiculid mite larvae (chiggers), which feed on forest and rural rodents, including rats, voles, and field mice. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Orientia chiloensis is a possible new species of Orientia identified as such by its highly divergent type-specific antigen gene (tsa). (wikipedia.org)
  • The 23 strains were associated with the isolates from Ningxia, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Guangdong (provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government), and were not associated with isolates from its neighboring province Gansu. (bmsw.net.cn)
  • According to the three loci with differences, the strains isolated from Bayanmuren Sumu belonged mainly to one group, and the two strains from Jilantai town belonged to another group. (bmsw.net.cn)
  • Orientia tsutsugamushi, agent of scrub typhus, displays a single metapopulation with maintenance of ancestral haplotypes throughout continental South East Asia. (cdc.gov)
  • Black circles indicate strains isolated in this study. (cdc.gov)
  • Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT) is an obligate intracellular bacterium belonging to the family Rickettsiaceae and is the causative agent of scrub typhus, or Tsutsugamushi disease. (nih.gov)
  • Orientia tsutsugamushi, agent of scrub typhus, displays a single metapopulation with maintenance of ancestral haplotypes throughout continental South East Asia. (cdc.gov)
  • The complete genome sequences of two OT strains (Boryong and Ikeda) have recently been determined. (nih.gov)
  • Scrub typhus is caused by the intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. (omicsdi.org)
  • Easy to misdiagnose, or miss entirely, simple to cure yet potentially lethal in its complications, the disease, caused by the Orientia tsutsugamushi bacterium, is found historically in the Asia Pacific region, where a billion people are at risk, according to some research. (earthjournalism.net)
  • Scrub typhus is caused by an obligated intracellular organism, Orientia tsutsugamushi (Orientia). (omicsdi.org)
  • Scrub typhus is a potentially fatal acute febrile disease transmitted by larval mites (i.e., "chiggers"), primarily of species of the genus Leptotrombidium that are infected by the obligate intracellular bacteria O. tsutsugamushi . (health.mil)
  • Orientia chiloensis is a possible new species of Orientia identified as such by its highly divergent type-specific antigen gene (tsa). (wikipedia.org)
  • The 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA) displays a significant antigenic variation across different O. tsutsugamushi strains. (omicsdi.org)
  • Complexity of type-specific 56 kDa antigen CD4 T-cell epitopes of Orientia tsutsugamushi strains causing Scrub typhus in India. (weebly.com)
  • Preparation of recombinant antigen of O. tsutsugamushi Ptan strain and development of rapid diagnostic reagent for scrub typhus. (qxmd.com)
  • A rapid colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (CIA) for detecting serum total antibodies, IgG and IgM, which are anti-Orientia tsutsugamushi, was developed, using a mixture of the r56 of the Gilliam and Ptan strains as the diagnostic antigen. (qxmd.com)
  • Y. enterocolitica is a heterogeneous group of strains, which are traditionally classified by biotyping into six biogroups on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, and by serotyping into more than 57 O serogroups, on the basis of their O (lipopolysaccharide or LPS) surface antigen. (mdwiki.org)
  • Interpretation & conclusions: Our results showed that the surface antigen of O. tsutsugamushi activated DCs through interaction with TLR4 and activation of MAPK and NF-?B signalling, suggesting Sta56 as a potential candidate molecule for the development of vaccine against scrub typhus. (bvsalud.org)
  • When patients who are HIV-positive become infected with certain strains of scrub typhus, their viral load can dramatically decrease. (medscape.com)
  • This analysis revealed for the first time the phylogenetic relationships of representative OT strains. (nih.gov)
  • B) Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree of O. tsutsugamushi constructed by MEGA version 7.0 ( http://www.megasoftware.net ). (cdc.gov)
  • A comprehensive and comparative proteomics analysis of Y. pestis strain KIM was performed in 2006, [20] the analysis focused on the transition to a growth condition mimicking growth in host cells. (mdwiki.org)
  • Serologic assays that demonstrate antibodies to rickettsial antigens (eg, indirect immunofluorescence, complement fixation, indirect hemagglutination, latex fixation, enzyme immunoassay, microagglutination) are preferable to the nonspecific and insensitive Weil-Felix test based on the cross-reactive antigens of Proteus vulgaris strains. (medscape.com)
  • O. tsutsugamushi is transmitted by trombiculid mite larvae (chiggers), which feed on forest and rural rodents, including rats, voles, and field mice. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [ 61 ] ( O tsutsugamushi strains with reduced susceptibility to doxycycline have been identified, especially in northern Thailand. (medscape.com)
  • Recent reports have identified E. coli strains with phenotypic resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam but susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins (TZP-R/3GC-S). In this study we sought to determine the genetic diversity of this phenotype in E. coli (n=58) isolated between 2014-2017 at a single tertiary hospital in Liverpool, UK, as well as the associated resistance mechanisms. (ox.ac.uk)
  • O tsutsugamushi has been identified by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in clinical specimens. (medscape.com)
  • A study of 2 rapid immunochromatographic tests for detection of IgM and IgG against O tsutsugamushi determined that both assays were more sensitive and specific than the standard immune immunofluorescence assay for the early diagnosis of scrub typhus. (medscape.com)
  • The limit of detection is below single Orientia genome equivalent and the assay retains specificity with excessive DNA from mouse, chiggers and human. (omicsdi.org)
  • The disease was traditionally thought to be limited in the tsutsugamushi triangle. (omicsdi.org)
  • Furthermore, the results suggest the presence of an OT lineage with higher potential for virulence, which may explain the clinical and epidemiological differences between 'classic' and 'new' types of Tsutsugamushi disease in Japan. (nih.gov)
  • Evidence for highly variable, region-specific patterns of T-cell epitope mutations accumulating in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. (weebly.com)
  • Analytical specificity was tested with 17 Ots strains for inclusivity, and exclusivity with 7 near neighbors and 9 background clinical and environmental Ots DNAs. (nih.gov)
  • These assays are sensitive and specific, yet they are not broadly used in clinical settings possibly due to low circulating Orientia in blood. (omicsdi.org)
  • strain KIM (of biovar Y. p. medievalis ), [12] and strain CO92 (of biovar Y. p. orientalis , obtained from a clinical isolate in the United States). (mdwiki.org)
  • On the basis of the results of the genome sequence comparison, we selected 11 housekeeping genes and carried out multilocus sequence analysis of OT strains using the nucleotide sequences of these genes. (nih.gov)
  • Strains that belong to serogroups O:3 (biogroup 4), O:5,27 (biogroups 2 and 3), O:8 (biogroup 1B), and O:9 (biogroup 2) are most frequently isolated worldwide from human samples. (mdwiki.org)
  • The mites are both the vector and the natural reservoir for O. tsutsugamushi . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Our results demonstrate that the qPCR using the traD gene provides superior sensitivity in 15 Orientia strains. (omicsdi.org)
  • Using confocal imaging, we also detected O. tsutsugamushi at the single cell level in the lung and found a predominant macrophage rather than endothelial localization. (omicsdi.org)
  • Our data show that upon inoculation to the skin, O. tsutsugamushi spreads systemically to a large number of organs and gives rise to organ-specific inflammation patterns. (omicsdi.org)
  • Strain 1448A is a natural occurring rifampicin-resistant mutant strain and contains a non-functional homolog of avrPphE. (up.ac.za)