• It is an integral component of the PCM, which is a centrosome scaffold that anchors microtubule nucleating complexes and other centrosomal proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • In one model, PCNT complexes with CEP215 and is phosphorylated by PLK1, leading to PCM component recruitment and organization, centrosome maturation, and spindle formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein controls the nucleation of microtubules by interacting with the microtubule nucleation component γ-tubulin, thus anchoring the γ-tubulin ring complex to the centrosome, which is essential for bipolar spindle formation and chromosome assembly in early mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Predicted to be active in centrosome and equatorial microtubule organizing center. (nih.gov)
  • Indeed, by quantitatively analysing several models of microtubule growth, we conclude that minus-ends of KMTs have selectively detached and depolymerized from the centrosome. (nature.com)
  • Acts as a centrosome maturation factor, probably by maintaining the integrity of the pericentriolar material and proper microtubule nucleation at mitotic spindle poles. (univ-amu.fr)
  • They develop in a juxtanuclear position, adjacent to the centrosome, the microtubule organizing centre of the cell, and share some protein components. (biorxiv.org)
  • We investigated whether the formation of aggresomes affected key centrosome functions: its ability to organize the microtubule network and to promote cilia formation. (biorxiv.org)
  • The juxtanuclear location of the aggresome is shared by the centrosome, the microtubule organising centre of the cell. (biorxiv.org)
  • In contrast to well-studied fungal and animal cells, plant cells assemble bipolar spindles that exhibit a great deal of plasticity in the absence of structurally defined microtubule-organizing centers like the centrosome. (nsf.gov)
  • Although many key factors contributing to MT nucleation and organization are well conserved in different kingdoms, the centrosome, representing the most prominent microtubule organizing centers ( MTOC s), disappeared during plant evolution as angiosperms lack the structure. (nsf.gov)
  • In most animal cells, the MT network forms as an aster in which microtubules radiate from the centrosome, the main microtubule organizing center. (cerclefser.org)
  • While plants employ some evolutionarily conserved proteins to regulate spindle morphogenesis and remodeling, many essential spindle assembly factors found in vertebrates are either missing or not required for producing the plant bipolar microtubule array. (nsf.gov)
  • It is intriguing what proteins are associated with plant‐specific MTOC s and how plant cells activate or inactivate MT nucleation activities in spatiotemporally regulated manners. (nsf.gov)
  • Formins are multidomain proteins defined by a conserved FH2 (formin homology 2) domain with actin nucleation activity preceded by a proline-rich FH1 (formin homology 1) domain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vitro, the FH2 domain competes with barbed-end capping proteins and is necessary and sufficient to nucleate actin polymerization, but the FH1 domain, which interacts with profilin-actin, funnels actin to the nucleation vicinity and confers full activity to the molecule [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We investigate the role of proteins associated to cell adhesions and actin cables as well as the effect of actin cable's size, number and spatial organization in cells. (cerclefser.org)
  • How do motor proteins transport cargo along the cytoskeleton? (mechanobio.info)
  • The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network of filamentous proteins that enables the active transport of cellular cargo, transduces force, and when assembled into higher-order structures, forms the basis for motile cellular structures that promote cell movement. (mechanobio.info)
  • Cargo that can be delivered or by cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport mechanisms can include other proteins and complex components. (mechanobio.info)
  • The PCM is an ordered lattice that anchors a large number of microtubule (MT)-associated proteins, many of which bear putative coiled-coil domains, a tertiary structure known to facilitate protein-protein interactions [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A family of microtubule-associated proteins (or 'MAPs' for short) bind to microtubules and assist in organising the filaments, but it is not clear how they work. (elifesciences.org)
  • The experiments also found that oMAP4 can create links between different microtubules and act as a brake to prevent the filaments being moved excessively by motor proteins. (elifesciences.org)
  • Using a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen, we identified host regulators of cytoskeleton organization, vesicle trafficking, ER/Golgi stress and lipid biogenesis that regulate Plasmodium LS development. (pubpub.org)
  • Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. (icr.ac.uk)
  • Here, we report that AQP5 promotes microtubule assembly and helps maintain the assembled microtubule steady state levels with slower turnover dynamics in cells . (plos.org)
  • These findings indicate that AQP5-mediated regulation of microtubule dynamics modulates airway epithelial barrier properties and epithelial function. (plos.org)
  • Oscillatory dynamics of the cytoskeleton. (irb.hr)
  • To connect microscopic dynamics to macroscale behaviors we measured the phase diagram of a new system of microtubule filaments and end-accumulating kinesin molecular motors. (aps.org)
  • Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes (PubMed:11896197, PubMed:30290153). (icr.ac.uk)
  • Second, we will use our unique capacity to perform dynamic micropatterning, to add or remove actin nucleation sites in real time, in order to investigate the ability of dynamic networks to adapt to changes and the role of coupled network dynamics in this emergent property. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • 2013. Plk1-dependent microtubule dynamics promotes androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer. (purdue.edu)
  • In addition, cell expansion does not only rely on cortical microtubule orientation but also plays a regulatory role in microtubule dynamics, as well. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The spatial organization of these filaments and their dynamics of assembly direct cell shape and cell motion. (cerclefser.org)
  • Furthermore, to examine if the enhanced stability of cortical microtubules was due to reduced cellulose biosynthesis or to suppression of cell expansion, treatments of wild-type roots with 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB) and Congo red were performed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, to study the geometrical and mechanical rules underlying cytoskeleton self-organization we used microfabrication tools in order to control and manipulate the spatial boundary conditions the cytoskeleton networks are sensitive to. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • This protein may have a role in efficient chromosome congression and segregation by promoting microtubule-dependent microtubule amplification. (nih.gov)
  • The microtubule-associated protein EML3 regulates mitotic spindle assembly by recruiting the Augmin complex to spindle microtubules. (nih.gov)
  • The role of microtubules in secretory protein transport. (research.com)
  • Using CRISPR to disrupt the Nesprin-1 KASH domain, we identified this LINC complex protein as the predominant nuclear envelope anchor for microtubule cytoskeleton components, including nucleation activities and motor complexes, in mouse cardiomyocytes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Researchers saw that when they knocked out a protein called CENPJ, the parasite became very successful at gathering microtubules around itself, and the parasites grew larger and made more copies of themselves. (pubpub.org)
  • These novel regulators of infection, including Centromere Protein J (CENPJ), led us to interrogate how microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) are regulated during infection. (pubpub.org)
  • In this work, the persistence of cortical microtubules against anti-microtubule treatment was thoroughly studied in the roots of several cesa mutants, namely thanatos , mre1 , any1 , prc1-1 and rsw1 , and the Cellulose Synthase Interacting 1 protein ( csi1) mutant pom2-4 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we identify a previously uncharacterised isoform of microtubule-associated protein MAP4, oMAP4, as a microtubule organising factor that is crucial for myogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • The microtubules in cells that make smaller amounts of this protein were more disorganised, and these cells were unable to fuse with each other to form muscle cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • FAM29A promotes microtubule amplification via recruitment of the NEDD1-gamma-tubulin complex to the mitotic spindle. (nih.gov)
  • Predicted to enable gamma-tubulin binding activity and microtubule binding activity. (nih.gov)
  • Gamma-tubulin complexes and their interaction with microtubule-organizing centers. (nih.gov)
  • Microtubule nucleation by γ-tubulin complexes. (nih.gov)
  • Franck Perez mainly focuses on Cell biology, Microtubule, Tubulin, Microtubule nucleation and Astral microtubules. (research.com)
  • Further, we show that the Golgi acts as a non-centrosomal MTOC by organizing γ-tubulin and stimulating microtubule nucleation at the parasite periphery. (pubpub.org)
  • MT ‐dependent MT nucleation is particularly noticeable in plant cells because it accounts for the primary source of MT generation for assembling spindle, phragmoplast, and cortical arrays when the γ‐tubulin ring complex is anchored and activated by the augmin complex. (nsf.gov)
  • Similar to the formation of actin filaments from the self-assembly of actin monomers, tubulin forms asymmetric dimers that can self-assemble into microtubules. (cerclefser.org)
  • Centrioles play a role in the organization of the microtubular cytoskeleton, but they do not make direct contact with the MTs which nucleate from the γ-tubulin ring complexes (γ-TuRC) located within the PCM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This ensures normal function and organization of the centrosomes, mitotic spindles, and cytoskeleton, and by extension, regulation over cell cycle progression and checkpoints. (wikipedia.org)
  • While our light microscopy and mutant studies show that microtubules are nucleated from the centrosomes, we find only a few KMTs directly connected to the centrosomes. (nature.com)
  • In the meiosis of many species, the process of chromosome segregation requires that bipolar spindles be formed without the aid of dedicated microtubule organizing centers, such as centrosomes. (nsf.gov)
  • Centrosomes are the major microtubule organizing structures in vertebrate cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In animal cells, centrosomes represent the major microtubule-organizing structures (MTOC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Along with GIT1, positively regulates microtubule nucleation during interphase (PubMed:27012601). (icr.ac.uk)
  • The augmin complex plays a role in microtubule attachment to the kinetochore and central spindle formation. (nih.gov)
  • Augmin accumulation on long-lived microtubules drives amplification and kinetochore-directed growth. (nih.gov)
  • We classify them as kinetochore (KMTs), spindle (SMTs) or astral microtubules (AMTs) according to their positions, and quantify distinct properties of each class. (nature.com)
  • The microtubules and actin filaments within the phragmoplast serve to guide vesicles with cell wall material to the growing cell plate. (sciforums.com)
  • Extensive efforts over the past few years have focused on understanding the non-equilibrium macroscale behaviors of filamentous biopolymers such as microtubules and actin filaments that are driven by associated molecular motors. (aps.org)
  • To that end we use microfabrication tools to impose spatial boundary conditions to individual cells or purified cytoskeleton filaments. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • Microtubules (MTs) are dynamic cytoskeleton filaments. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • 2016. Profilin-dependent nucleation and assembly of actin filaments controls cell elongation in Arabidopsis. (purdue.edu)
  • Eukaryotic cells rely on de novo nucleation mechanisms to generate actin filaments in order to elicit spatial and temporal remodeling of their actin cytoskeleton. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Compared with actin filaments, microtubules are much more rigid, and almost straight in the dimensions of a single cell. (cerclefser.org)
  • Microtubules can sustain much higher compression forces than actin filament but are not as numerous as actin filaments. (cerclefser.org)
  • Within the myoblasts, long filaments called microtubules are arranged in an overlapping linear pattern. (elifesciences.org)
  • used microscopy to observe the formation of the microtubule filaments in living myoblasts. (elifesciences.org)
  • His studies deal with areas such as Astral microtubules and Microtubule nucleation as well as Microtubule. (research.com)
  • Here, we experimentally measure the drag force on a sphere sedimenting in a 3D active fluid powered by the continuous extension and buckling of kinesin-microtubules bundles. (aps.org)
  • Depletion of PIP4KIIγ enhanced the spindle pole accumulation of mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK), a microtubule (MT)-depolymerizing kinesin, and resulted in a less stable spindle pole-associated MT. Depletion of MCAK can ameliorate PIP4KIIγ depletion-induced spindle abnormalities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most notably, oMAP4 is required for paraxial microtubule organisation in muscle cells and prevents dynein- and kinesin-driven microtubule-microtubule sliding. (elifesciences.org)
  • According to the World Health Organisation, over 90% of global malaria cases in 2019 occurred in Africa, making this an important issue that requires ongoing efforts toward control and intervention. (pubpub.org)
  • The direct observation of CESA complexes sliding on the plasma membrane over the cortical microtubules [ 5 ] directly supported the model of Heath [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While the regulation of cell wall properties by cortical microtubules is well studied, the data on the influence of cell wall to cortical microtubule organization and stability remain scarce. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our analysis allows some preliminary insight into the functionality of Dictyostelium formins: all isoforms might display actin nucleation activity and, with the exception of ForI, might also be susceptible to autoinhibition and to regulation by Rho GTPases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We are interested in the regulation of mechanical forces production by the actin cytoskeleton. (cerclefser.org)
  • PCNT is also involved in neuronal development through its interaction with DISC1 to regulate microtubule organization. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microtubules also regulate paracellular permeability. (plos.org)
  • Cortical microtubules regulate cell expansion by determining cellulose microfibril orientation in the root apex of Arabidopsis thaliana . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The intrinsically disordered cytoplasmic tail of a dendrite branching receptor uses two distinct mechanisms to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. (stanford.edu)
  • We report here our biochemical and structural analysis of this interaction, revealing that the intracellular domain (ICD) of HPO-30 is intrinsically disordered and employs two distinct mechanisms to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. (stanford.edu)
  • Studies on cellulose biosynthesis mutants revealed that cortical microtubules depend on Cellulose Synthase A (CESA) function and/or cell expansion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, it has been reported that cortical microtubules in cellulose-deficient mutants are hypersensitive to oryzalin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cortical microtubules in all mutants showed statistically significant increased persistence against anti-microtubule drugs, compared to those of the wild-type. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After these treatments, cortical microtubules appeared more resistant to oryzalin, than in the control. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Various hypotheses may explain the increased cortical microtubule stability under decreased cell expansion such as the role of cell wall sensors and the presence of less dynamic cortical microtubules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The regulatory role of cortical microtubules on cellulose microfibrils was initially postulated, and remains widely accepted, by the "alignment hypothesis" [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, cortical microtubules reside just under the plasma membrane, while cellulose microfibrils are synthesized by transmembrane CSCs [ 6 ], consisting of CESA subunits. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Even though the "alignment hypothesis" has been proposed decades ago, a mechanism explaining how cortical microtubules, located inside of the plasma membrane, control the orientation of cellulose microfibrils, outside of the protoplast, remained ambiguous. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Apart from the role of cortical microtubules on cellulose microfibril orientation, several authors supported that CESA activity and cellulose synthesis also exert an effect on cortical microtubule orientation, suggesting thus that cortical microtubule-cellulose microfibril relationship is bi-directional. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of microtubule pivoting in formation of complex structures such as microtubule bundles and mitotic spindles. (irb.hr)
  • Purified oMAP4 aligns dynamic microtubules into antiparallel bundles that withstand motor forces in vitro. (elifesciences.org)
  • The aetiology of laminopathies has been attributed to perturbation of chromatin organization or structural weakening of the nuclear envelope (NE) such that the nucleus becomes more prone to mechanical damage. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the end, our project will provide a comprehensive understanding of how the adaptive response of the cytoskeleton derives from the complex interplay between its biochemical, structural and mechanical properties. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • We demonstrate that the growth of the structures depends on the intricate balance between crosslinker-induced stabilization and simultaneous destabilization by molecular motors, a mechanism analogous to nucleation and growth in passive systems. (nature.com)
  • We hope to unravel the mechanism allowing the global coherence of a dynamic actin cytoskeleton. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • Considering that the complexity of the intra-cellular biochemical conditions may partially hinder the physical rules we want to investigate, we are also developing alternative methods to analyze cytoskeleton self-organization in controlled biochemical conditions in vitro by mixing, in defined proportions, the individual cytoskeleton components. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • The formation of controlled and reproducible geometrical structures relies on the self-organization properties of these networks. (cerclefser.org)
  • Together with dynactin, dynein regulates centrosomal orientation to establish and maintain cell polarity, controls focal adhesion turnover and anchors microtubules at the leading edge. (biologists.com)
  • Franck Perez works mostly in the field of Microtubule nucleation, limiting it down to concerns involving Nocodazole and, occasionally, Golgi organization, Organelle and Subcellular localization. (research.com)
  • Franck Perez focuses on Cell biology, Golgi apparatus, Endoplasmic reticulum, Secretory pathway and Microtubule. (research.com)
  • His primary areas of investigation include Cell biology, Golgi apparatus, Endoplasmic reticulum, Secretory pathway and Microtubule. (research.com)
  • In particular, they were interested in changes to the formation of microtubules (MT). These tube-like structures are involved in, among other things, the movement of nutrients and materials inside cells, and they usually form a network around the cell nucleus. (pubpub.org)
  • The reproducible shape and spatial organization of organs imply the existence of physical rules directing the assembly of complex biological structures. (cerclefser.org)
  • Nucleation geometry governs ordered actin networks structures. (lpcv.fr)
  • Dynein is the sole processive minus-end-directed microtubule motor found in animals. (biologists.com)
  • We propose a model in which the cooperation of dynein-mediated microtubule transport and oMAP4-mediated zippering of microtubules drives formation of a paraxial microtubule array that provides critical support for the polarisation and elongation of myotubes. (elifesciences.org)
  • Plant spindle assembly initiates with microtubule nucleation on the nuclear envelope followed by bipolarization into the prophase spindle. (nsf.gov)
  • In vitro reconstituted systems will be used to control the actin nucleation patterns, the closed volume of the reaction chamber and the physical interaction of the networks. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • 2013. The plant actin cytoskeleton responds to signals from microbe-associated molecular patterns. (purdue.edu)
  • This schematic diagram illustrates the molecular organization of filamin [2391361] and provides examples for how the filamin dimer is represented in figures throughout this resource. (mechanobio.info)
  • Of note, compared to fungal and animal systems, relatively little is known about how plant cells remodel the spindle microtubule array during anaphase. (nsf.gov)
  • The simplification of the cellular approach, the top-down way, and the complexification of the biochemical approach, the bottom-up way, should eventually encounter and provide us a continuous experimental platform to analyze the physics of cytoskeleton networks and morphogenesis from molecules to cells. (hipi-lab-saint-louis.fr)
  • His Microtubule study integrates concerns from other disciplines, such as Focal adhesion, Exocytosis, Secretion assay, Secretion and Cell membrane. (research.com)
  • This nucleation process occurs from the minus end, allowing rapid growth from the plus end. (wikipedia.org)
  • To understand the rules regulating this intra-cellular architecture, the CytoMorphoLab develops some micro-engineered tools to manipulate cell shape and understand how cell cytoskeleton adapt and respond to these constraints. (cerclefser.org)