• A composite model of KEOPS bound to tRNA reveals that all KEOPS subunits form an extended tRNA-binding surface that we have validated in vitro and in vivo to mediate the interaction with the tRNA substrate and its modification. (rcsb.org)
  • These beneficial biological properties have been extensively studied in humans and animal models, both in vitro and in vivo . (hindawi.com)
  • Among them, in vitro assays have been quantitative and expeditious as initial approximations that warrant further confirmation in vivo . (news-medical.net)
  • Furthermore, in vivo interaction between endothelial cells and other cells types (such as fibroblasts, pericytes and macrophages) is cumbersome to translate and simulate in vitro . (news-medical.net)
  • However, it affects retinoic acid signaling in vivo and in primary keratinocytes in vitro. (europa.eu)
  • Functional analysis of chromatin modifying enzymes in vitro and in vivo. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Here, we investigated the antiproliferative activity and mechanism of Rh4 against CRC in vivo and in vitro. (hindawi.com)
  • Mutations in these histidine residues lead to the inactivation of RNase T2 both in vivo and in vitro ( Figure 1A ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Organism-specific therapy for urinary tract infection (UTI) should be based on in vitro susceptibility data from a patient-specific isolate, as wide geographic variability exists. (medscape.com)
  • In vitro susceptibility is essential to guide therapy, as high-level drug resistance is more frequently encountered in the patient with complicated UTI (cUTI). (medscape.com)
  • In 1978, an in vitro drug susceptibility test was developed by J.G. Meingassner. (cdc.gov)
  • however, the relationship between in vitro susceptibility of pathogenic fungi to clotrimazole and prophylaxis or cure of infections in humans has not been established. (nih.gov)
  • We report here a study of immune activation markers and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in vitro of forty-five highly exposed uninfected partners (EUs) of HIV-1 infected individuals in Central African Republic, in comparison with forty-four low-risk blood donors (UCs). (pasteur.fr)
  • Appropriate culture and susceptibility tests should be done before treatment in order to isolate and identify organisms causing infection and to determine their susceptibility to penicillin G. (rxlist.com)
  • Describes a process taking place inside an intact cell or organism. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • a) The micro-organism responsible is difficult to culture (e.g. many Mycoplasma species). (wikipedia.org)
  • Investigations in vitro of the effects of antimycotics showed that the micro-organism was resistant to amphotericin B and sensitive to imidazoles. (karger.com)
  • In-vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by disc diffusion method in MH agar medium and MIC test. (amrita.edu)
  • The antimicrobial activity of Lactic acid bacteria and antagonistic organisms were tested by agar cup method. (journalcra.com)
  • The present investigation showed that LAB and other organisms showed potent antimicrobial activity to reduce the post harvest bacterial spoilages of vegetables. (journalcra.com)
  • The vanA gene, which is frequently plasmid-borne and confers high-level resistance to vancomycin, can be transferred in vitro from enterococci to a variety of gram-positive microorganisms,[18,19] including S. aureus[20]. (cdc.gov)
  • Organism-specific therapeutic regimens for the most common organisms responsible for periorbital cellulitis (also known as preseptal cellulitis) are provided below. (medscape.com)
  • Antibacterial honey (Medihoney): in vitro activity against clinical isolates of MRSA, VRE, and other multiresistant gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (umf.org.nz)
  • This evidence indicates the patients were not infected with B. divergens but with an organism with previously unreported molecular characteristics for the 18S rRNA gene. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore in vitro angiogenesis assays should be viewed as a starting point rather than an endpoint for discovery. (news-medical.net)
  • The transwell migration assay (a modification of the classical Boyden chamber assay) is frequently utilized to assess endothelial cell migration, which is one of the main in vitro assays in the repertoire of Thermo Fisher Scientific. (news-medical.net)
  • Other in vitro angiogenesis assays that cover all angiogenic functions ( i.e. proliferation, migration, tube formation) include mouse metatarsal assay, embryoid assay and others. (news-medical.net)
  • 2021. Bioaccumulation Screening of Neutral Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals in Air-Breathing Organisms Using In Vitro Rat Liver S9 Biotransformation Assays . (sfu.ca)
  • In addition, fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, have added risks, including the propensity to select for subsequent infection with more resistant organisms, and thus should be reserved for other uses. (medscape.com)
  • and dermatophytes , a group of organisms causing infection of skin and other superficial structures in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • The major defense against Y pestis infection is the development of specific anti-envelope (F1) antibodies, which serve as opsonins for the virulent organisms, allowing their rapid phagocytosis and destruction while still within the initial infectious locus. (kenyon.edu)
  • Environmental exposure to many of these organisms is common, but most exposures do not cause infection and many infections do not cause disease. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These organisms also cause a wider range of disease manifestations among people who have HIV infection or are otherwise immunocompromised, but those manifestations are not discussed here. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Under the circumstances of infection was made by 2 of the authors by economic sanctions and shortage of drugs, wet preparation and in vitro cultivation. (who.int)
  • The present work presents an evaluation of the acetyl cholinesterase activities of different species of marine organisms. (journalmedicalthesis.com)
  • The concern has been that relative differences in microbial species may have been a function of the ease of culturing some species in vitro and that the ability to grow in vitro is not indicative of their relative proportion of the rumen-reticulum microbiota. (usda.gov)
  • The action of clotrimazole is fungistatic at concentrations of drug up to 20 mcg/mL and may be fungicidal in vitro against Candida albicans and other species of the genus Candida at higher concentrations. (nih.gov)
  • [3] However, intracellular organisms such as Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis will be susceptible to certain antibiotics in vitro that are not effective for the specific organism in the horse. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bioaccessibility of Microplastic-Associated Antibiotics in Freshwater Organisms: Highlighting the Impacts of Biofilm Colonization via an In Vitro Protocol. (bvsalud.org)
  • MicrocircuitDB: Computer models of corticospinal neurons replicate in vitro dynamics (Neymotin et al. (yale.edu)
  • Computer models of corticospinal neurons replicate in vitro dynamics (Neymotin et al. (yale.edu)
  • Corticospinal neurons (SPI), thick-tufted pyramidal neurons in motor cortex layer 5B that project caudally via the medullary pyramids, display distinct class-specific electrophysiological properties in vitro: strong sag with hyperpolarization, lack of adaptation, and a nearly linear frequency-current (FI) relationship. (yale.edu)
  • 1 . Neymotin SA, Suter BA, Dura-Bernal S, Shepherd GM, Migliore M, Lytton WW (2017) Optimizing computer models of corticospinal neurons to replicate in vitro dynamics. (yale.edu)
  • Primary c57B6 neurons from mouse 19 days in vitro. (lu.se)
  • Under experimentally controlled conditions that does not involve a living organism. (citizendium.org)
  • Here, we analyze and experimentally validate a synthetic biomolecular controller executed in vitro. (nature.com)
  • For the formation of chemical substances in organisms, living cells, or subcellular fractions, "biosynthesis" is used. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2023. Methods for Assessing the Bioaccumulation of Hydrocarbons and Related Substances in Terrestrial Organisms: A Critical Review . (sfu.ca)
  • This increase poses several problems, including a) the lack of available antimicrobials for therapy of infections caused by VRE, because most VRE are also resistant to multiple other drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides and ampicillin) previously used for the treatment of infections due to these organisms, and b) the possibility that the vancomycin resistance genes present in VRE may be transferred to other gram-positive microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus. (cdc.gov)
  • None of lactic acid bacteria and other antagonistic organisms are not much active against fungal isolates. (journalcra.com)
  • Used for the chemical preparation of molecules in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell-free system -- A mixture of cytoplasmic and/or nuclear components from cells used for in vitro protein synthesis, transcription, DNA replication, or other purposes. (nih.gov)
  • These plasmids along with a pathogenicity island called HPI, create a protein that causes the pathogenicity of the organism. (kenyon.edu)
  • Furthermore, the Scl1 protein expressed on the surface of a heterologous host, Lactococcus lactis, was sufficient to induce biofilm formation by this organism. (cdc.gov)
  • The inhibition of AChE activities by pesticides and toxic elements like cadmium, lead and copper is well known and its use as a specific biomarker of exposure of aquatic organisms to such pollutants is widely applied in laboratory and field studies. (journalmedicalthesis.com)
  • The RNase T2 family are widely distributed in living organisms and highly conserved from viruses to mammals ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are widely spread in adult organisms. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • It is very important to have the genome sequenced for Y. pestis because this organism is capable of causing very fatal diseases. (kenyon.edu)
  • Good" bacteria such as L. acidophilus can help break down food, absorb nutrients, and fight off "bad" organisms that might cause diseases. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Recombinant antibodies are produced in vitro rather than by infecting living organisms. (labmanager.com)
  • Penicillin G Potassium for Injection, USP is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated micro organisms in the conditions listed below. (rxlist.com)
  • Infections caused by these organisms have been called atypical, environmental, and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In nature, as an organism evolves it increases in complexity and it also becomes a more compact or miniaturized system. (mutanteggplant.com)
  • The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of mouthwashes with and without alcohol on some microorganisms. (bvsalud.org)
  • DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid -- The primary genetic material of all cellular organisms and the DNA viruses. (nih.gov)
  • These organisms are commonly present in soil and water and are much less virulent for humans than M. tuberculosis . (msdmanuals.com)
  • 2021. Fugacity-Based Trophic Magnification Factors Characterize Bioaccumulation of Cyclic Methyl Siloxanes within an Urban Terrestrial Avian Food Web: Importance of Organism Body Temperature and Composition . (sfu.ca)
  • These pathogens include, in the United States, the WA1- (for "Washington 1") and CA1- (for "California 1") type parasites and the MO1 (for "Missouri 1") parasite ( 8 - 10 ) and, in Europe, the organism we describe here. (cdc.gov)
  • CD4+CD25highCD45RA+ "naïve" Treg cells and CD4+CD25highCD45RA- "memory" Treg cells were isolated by FACS (BD FACSAria, BD Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany) and expanded in vitro. (nih.gov)
  • In the living organism, endothelial cells are exposed to a plethora of hemodynamic forces that activate multiple signaling pathways. (news-medical.net)
  • In vitro, these cells have a multipotent phenotype, which manifests as the ability to differentiate into several mesodermal lineages, especially adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Efficient proximity labeling in living cells and organisms with TurboID. (lu.se)
  • however, individual organism tolerance has been observed during successive passages in the laboratory. (nih.gov)
  • Introduction in vitro investigation because they have antiparasitic activity [ 10-12 ]. (who.int)
  • The research work was conducted to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extract of leaf Moringa oleifera. (amrita.edu)
  • The protease presence was confirmed with a Western blot assay and activity was measured with an in vitro assay. (lu.se)
  • Study of different marine organisms like molluscs, fish, echinoderms, etc. can help to assess the biological effects of the neurotoxic contaminants on marine & estuarine environment. (journalmedicalthesis.com)
  • 90% vitro , in order to study their effect on T. when sexual partners, who are usually vaginalis . (who.int)
  • We have established a method allowing to study the cell-specific secretome of pericytes in vitro-using Turbo-ID, a mutant non-toxic biotin ligase (6). (lu.se)
  • Using the in vitro gas production technique - which evaluate nutritive value of ruminants feeds - the fermentation kinetics of genetically modified (GM) corn and the gas production of GM soybean were respectively faster and lower compared to their respective conventional counterpart, although the chemical composition were not affect by the genetic modification. (inderscience.com)
  • The eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae is potentially a good expression host as it tolerates several stress conditions and is known to better express insoluble proteins compared to bacterial systems. (lu.se)
  • The symbiosis between learning and evolution is central to theories about the development of instincts in organisms with higher neurological complexity, as in, for instance, the Baldwin effect. (wikipedia.org)
  • KEOPS is crucial for the fitness of all organisms examined. (rcsb.org)
  • In any case, the traceability of products from animals fed on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is crucial. (inderscience.com)
  • The extract showed significant effect on the tested organisms. (amrita.edu)
  • Our research shows White Tea Extract can actually destroy in vitro the organisms that cause disease. (hindustantimes.com)
  • Although traditionally more of an artificial intelligence technique, neural nets can be important for simulating population dynamics of organisms that can learn. (wikipedia.org)
  • An organism "lives" when its code is executed, and there are usually various methods allowing self-replication. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are a myriad of well-established in vitro methods for studying cell proliferation. (news-medical.net)
  • The rumen is an anaerobic environment and many of the strict anaerobes are difficult to culture in vitro. (usda.gov)
  • c) The organism is not a bacterium, but a fungus , so is very difficult to culture. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, because this organism is difficult to work with and because it cannot be cultivated outside an animal host, almost nothing is known about its biology. (rochester.edu)
  • It is hoped that these studies will lead to a better understanding of this organism and host-parasite interactions, which in turn will result in better means of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of P. carinii pneumonia. (rochester.edu)
  • The ability of the organism to survive in the presence of fibroblasts was not related to its infectivity. (nih.gov)
  • Importantly, all Scl1-negative mutants examined showed significantly decreased ability to form biofilm in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • these two organisms form a sister group with B. divergens . (cdc.gov)
  • There are no standardized guidelines for the identification and treatment of these organisms. (cdc.gov)
  • minocycline was more active in vitro against both organisms. (bmj.com)