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ChloroformChromatography, High Pressure LiquidChromatography, Reverse-PhaseChromatography, LiquidSolventsTandem Mass SpectrometryWaterPhase TransitionHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationIonic LiquidsRheiformesLiquid CrystalsApatitesChromatography, GasLiquid Phase MicroextractionAirVolatilizationTemperatureHydroxyapatitesSolutionsCalcium PhosphatesLipid BilayersMembrane Fluidity1,2-DipalmitoylphosphatidylcholineChemistry, PhysicalX-Ray DiffractionPhysicochemical PhenomenaPhosphatidylcholinesSuccinic AcidMolecular ConformationModels, ChemicalMembrane LipidsMass SpectrometrySolubilityMaterials TestingSurface PropertiesCholesterolCattleLiquid VentilationSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationDiffusionPressureThermodynamicsTime FactorsPhospholipidsKineticsAnxiety, SeparationReproducibility of ResultsSpectrophotometry, UltravioletImmunomagnetic SeparationCell SeparationCalibrationLimit of DetectionElectrophoresis, CapillaryReference StandardsSolid Phase ExtractionChemical FractionationSensitivity and SpecificityDrug StabilityMolecular Sequence DataGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAcetonitrilesIndicators and ReagentsChromatography, Thin LayerElectrophoresis, MicrochipMaternal DeprivationChromatography, Ion ExchangeAmino Acid SequenceCulture MediaStereoisomerismMolecular StructureMicrochemistryProteomicsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelCountercurrent DistributionFluorocarbonsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyLiquid-Liquid ExtractionBody FluidsIsomerismFreezingChromatographyMethodsMolecular WeightElectrochemistryChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalChromatography, GelAmino AcidsSilicon DioxideBiotransformationPeptidesViscosityMethanolProteomeChromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic CapillaryPlant ExtractsSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationPharmaceutical SolutionsCapillary ElectrochromatographyPolymers
SolventsHPLCStationary phasesReversed-phase liquid chromatographyHILICChromatographicCarbon DioxideCompoundsSelectivityChiralHydrophobicMass spectrometryPolarAqueous phaseParticlesChemically-bondedRetentionSaltsMixturesPollutantsSilicaEmissionIonic liquidElutionEfficiencyMoleculesBehaviorIsotopeCombinationsContaminantsTypicallyPolymerExtractionAnalyticalReactionPurificationIncreasesProcessHighlyMobile phaseSeparatesPercentageSolidColumnHighCompound
Solvents15
  • Such mixed solutions are also useful in separation science, as extraction solvents and in liquid chromatography. (scirp.org)
  • Hypersil GOLD Amino, Cyano, and Silica columns are all shipped in normal phase solvents. (thermofisher.com)
  • However, the UNEX process is designed for large-scale separation of radionuclides and thereby requires considerable dilution of the radionuclide and requires large quantities of organic solvents. (aiche.org)
  • These issues can be overcome by using microfluidic platforms that require low sample volumes (eliminating the need for excessive dilution), allow rapid interface stabilization, minimize the wastage of organic solvents, and enhance the extraction efficiency of radioactive metal resulting from high interfacial area and small diffusional lengths. (aiche.org)
  • The resulting carbamates were characterised by 1H nmr and microanalysis and were coated onto aminopropyl silica supports by evaporation from organic solvents. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, because organic solvents are used to elute the target components,the time for evaporation can be significantly reduced. (shimadzu.com)
  • Functionality of MNPs with ionic liquids greatly influenced the solubility of the MNPs with organic solvents depending on the alkyl chain length and the anions of the ionic liquids. (hindawi.com)
  • Ionic liquids, which can be tuned by choosing of the cations and anions independently, exhibited unique physicochemical properties, such as tunable miscibility with water and organic solvents, and have potential applications as electrolyte materials, green solvents, catalysts, and separation mediums [ 9 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Although the naked and modified MNPs had similar saturation magnetizations, the obvious differences of solubility in water and organic solvents were observed. (hindawi.com)
  • Organic solvents are HPLC grade. (hindawi.com)
  • Traditional chemical processes show shortcomings caused by using volatile organic compounds as solvents during reactions and separations. (tudelft.nl)
  • This is possible by using less toxic and hazardous solvents, such as ionic liquids and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). (tudelft.nl)
  • Ionic liquids have attracted a lot of attention as potential "green" solvents to replace conventional organic solvents due to their unique properties. (tudelft.nl)
  • As a result of these properties, there are many reports where ionic liquids have been used as solvents for chemical reactions. (tudelft.nl)
  • First, the epoxidation reaction of cinnamyl alcohol to 3-phenylglycidol was studied in the presence of ionic liquids as solvents. (tudelft.nl)
HPLC6
  • Mechanisms of chiral discrimination by these and other types of chiral HPLC phases are discussed in terms of the interactions between functionalitles in the stationary phase and solute enantiomers. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Liquid chromatography generally uses small particles packed and operating at comparatively high pressure, and is denoted as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • Modern Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) methods use HPLC instrumentation, basically for sample introduction. (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • Polar pharmaceuticals are notoriously difficult to separate by analytical and semi-prep HPLC and this research demonstrates how we have generated reproducible separations of polar pharmaceuticals using low-pressure flash purification in 'HILIC' mode. (chromatographytoday.com)
  • These separations are not trivial by HPLC, and often reversed-phase purification is the 'go-to' method but can be challenging. (chromatographytoday.com)
  • Here, we describe the use of a combination of computational modeling and experiments to demonstrate that high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns packed with TAMOF-1 as the chiral stationary phase are efficient, versatile, robust, and reusable with a wide array of mobile phases (polar and non-polar). (bvsalud.org)
Stationary phases7
  • The relationship between the structure and chromatographic properties of silica is discussed and the preparation and properties of chemically-bonded stationary phases based on silica are reviewed. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • A detailed account is given of the history of the development of carbohydrate-based stationary phases, including microcrystalline cellulose, other polysaccharides and monosaccharides and their ester and carbamate derivatives, with emphasis on their utility for the chromatographic resolution of enantiomers. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • This separation takes place based on the interactions of the sample with the mobile and stationary phases. (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • Liquid chromatography procedure can be directed in various combination of possible mobile phases and stationary phases. (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • Understanding the characteristics of the compounds being separated and their compatibility with various stationary phases will further optimize separation. (news-medical.net)
  • This mechanism has been scrutinised in detail by an analytical evaluation with many different stationary phases in a comprehensive analysis [2], the conclusion being that HILIC retention is a combination of electrostatic adsorption and hydrogen bonding interactions [2]. (chromatographytoday.com)
  • HILIC has advantages over conventional reversed phase or normal phase liquid chromatography as retention and separation of many polar analytes has proven to be a challenge as often unretained or poorly retained on most conventional reversed-phase stationary phases. (chromatographytoday.com)
Reversed-phase liquid chromatography3
  • One recent article describes the use of hydrophilic solid phase extraction of glycyrrhizin (GA) in liquorice coupled with reversed-phase liquid chromatography purification, and although this method improved enrichment of GA, HILIC was only employed as a crude extraction procedure [9]. (chromatographytoday.com)
  • The selectivity of different combinations of organic modifiers, pH, and types of reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) materials has been characterized using Tanaka column characterization, linear solvent energy relationships (LSER), and selectivity correlations. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Both sample preparations were coupled with reversed phase liquid chromatography and isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for analyte detection. (cdc.gov)
HILIC18
  • HILIC is a chromatographic technique for the retention and separation of problematic polar compounds. (thermofisher.com)
  • In HILIC mode, water acts as the strongest solvent to effectively elute analytes off the column, and the organic solvent acts as the weak solvent. (thermofisher.com)
  • HILIC phases retain polar, hydrophilic compounds that are not retained on standard reversed phase columns. (thermofisher.com)
  • For mass spectrometry (MS) applications with very polar compounds, HILIC (using an organic-rich mobile phase) provides a ten to twenty-fold sensitivity improvement. (thermofisher.com)
  • HILIC mode also eliminates the need for evaporation and reconstitution of samples dissolved in a highly organic solvent, allowing sample analysis throughput to be greatly increased. (thermofisher.com)
  • When a HILIC protocol is set up properly, separations are highly effective and consistent. (thermofisher.com)
  • The mobile phase for a HILIC separation should consist of a low percentage of water and a high percentage of an organic solvent such as acetonitrile. (thermofisher.com)
  • When running HILIC separations, it is important to use an organic solvent without alcohol functional groups because alcohol functional groups will disrupt the water layer required around the stationary phase, causing inconsistent results. (thermofisher.com)
  • Acetonitrile is the most commonly used organic solvent without an alcohol functional group, making it ideal for use in HILIC. (thermofisher.com)
  • Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is a liquid chromatography technique that is used to separate moderate to highly hydrophilic and polar compounds based on their retention on a hydrophilic stationary phase versus the hydrophilic aqueous polar organic mobile phase. (news-medical.net)
  • This is in contrast to the retention mechanism in HILIC, which relies on the partitioning of a compound between the aqueous surface layer of the hydrophilic stationary phase and the organic, hydrophilic compartment of the mobile phase. (news-medical.net)
  • HILIC is a complementary technique and can be used in conjunction with other techniques to increase the efficiency of separation. (news-medical.net)
  • As such, HILIC effectively retains hydrophilic compounds which are poorly retained in reversed-phase LC. (news-medical.net)
  • HILIC is highly compatible with mass spectrometry (MS), particularly with electrospray ionization (ESI) interfaces which precede MS. The high polar organic solvent component of the HILIC mobile phase increases the efficiency of ionization in the ESI process. (news-medical.net)
  • HILIC-MS is a complementary analytical tool to RPLC-MS which provides poorer separation of hydrophilic components. (news-medical.net)
  • Other advantages of HILIC are that the polarity of samples usually aids solubility into aqueous mobile phases and secondly there is also no requirement for ion pair reagents which is advantageous for coupling with mass spectrometry techniques. (chromatographytoday.com)
  • A comparison study was published which demonstrated the advantages of HILIC over reversed-phase for the separation of polar ephedrine's [7]. (chromatographytoday.com)
  • Many advantages for this specific analysis were noted for Heaton's study, mainly improved peak shape, faster analysis and lower viscosity of mobile phases [7], although in a later study it was noted that it's critically important to choose optimal sample solvent and lower injection volumes for HILIC to optimise peak efficiency for this methodology for analytical applications [8]. (chromatographytoday.com)
Chromatographic3
  • In the experimental part, the thesis describes work carried out to study the effects of stationary phase support properties on the chromatographic behaviour and enantiomer resolution capability of carbohydrate carbamate phases. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Whilst it is currently common practice to use very wide pore (up to 4000 Angstrom) silicas as supports for carbohydrate carbamate phases, it was concluded from the present work that there is little or no justification for using such supports and that good chromatographic performance and effective chiral discrimination can be achieved on much smaller pore (e. g. 500 Angstrom), higher surface area materials. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • N,N′-diallylimidazolium-based ionic liquids have also been used as extractant to highly enrich organic pollutants from aqueous samples in microextraction techniques, such as dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction and single drop microextraction, or to functionalize the stationary phase of chromatographic column and solid fiber membranes [ 15 - 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
Carbon Dioxide1
  • A low-viscosity mobile phase consisting of compressed trial organic matter in geosciences because the composition carbon dioxide is used in SFC to achieve fast and efficient of its phenols is an important indicator of the type of original separation. (lu.se)
Compounds11
  • This is used to identify organic and inorganic compounds and is used in crime scene investigation. (majortests.com)
  • This is used to test water pollution and can be used to analyse metal ions and organic compounds in solutions. (majortests.com)
  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) dominate the class of pollutants that accumulate in the atmosphere and indoors. (aaqr.org)
  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) dominate the class of organic pollutants that accumulate in the atmosphere and indoors due to their low boiling point and high vapor pressure. (aaqr.org)
  • Chromatography methods are used to organic and inorganic compounds such as separate proteins, nucleic acids, or small molecules in complex mixtures and others. (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • Ionic and ionizable compounds typically rely on separation by ion exchange chromatography (IC) or ion pairing reversed-phase chromatography (IP-RPLC). (news-medical.net)
  • In traditional Reverse-phase Liquid Chromatography (RPLC), polar, hydrophilic and charged compounds are preferentially retained on the column. (news-medical.net)
  • This article discusses the development of a series of applications that will allow for the determination of a number of nitrosamines that have been identified by the FDA as genotoxins to monitor, initially showing how to perform a separation of these compounds from the API and then looking at how MS can be applied to the analysis to ensure that the required detection limits can be reached. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Ionic liquids show high solubility for both polar and apolar compounds. (tudelft.nl)
  • Therefore, the high-pressure phase behavior of ternary systems containing epoxidation reaction compounds, ionic liquids and scCO2 were measured. (tudelft.nl)
  • Initial in silico studies allowed us to predict plausible separations in chiral compounds from different families, including terpenes, calcium channel blockers, or P-stereogenic compounds. (bvsalud.org)
Selectivity4
  • The existence of some advantages such as eco-friendliness, suitable selectivity, excellent efficiency and reasonable cost may increase the popularity of a liquid absorbent for using in the membrane-based gas absorption processes 14 , 24 . (nature.com)
  • The other four carbamate phases all showed resolving ability, each with its own specific pattern of solute selectivity. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The three characterization techniques highlighted the potential complementary selectivity of these phases and conditions as well as the type and dominancy of some of the retention mechanisms involved. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • Subsequently, selectivity differences were proven to be valid in the practical separation of acids, bases, and neutral analytes. (chromatographyonline.com)
Chiral2
  • The naphthyl carbamate phase showed no resolving ability for any of these racemates and this appeared to correlate with the presence of N-H bands in the it spectrum which were indicative of severe disruption of the organised, H-bonded 3-dimensional structure necessary for chiral discrimination. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The incorporation of chirality into their frameworks opens new strategies for chiral separation, a key technology in the pharmaceutical industry as each enantiomer of a racemic drug must be isolated. (bvsalud.org)
Hydrophobic5
  • Peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence was, for the first time, examined by using ternary mixed solutions of water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent. (scirp.org)
  • The mixing behavior of ternary water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent solutions was investigated using a Y-type microchannel. (scirp.org)
  • Denaturation was examined in a ternary mixed solution of water-hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent using λ-DNA and a plasmid as models. (scirp.org)
  • The novel idea of using the ternary mixed solution first enabled the interaction of the hydrophobic organic solvent molecule with the double helical structure of DNA [11]. (scirp.org)
  • The catalytic epoxidation reaction of cinnamyl alcohol in the presence of ionic liquids was optimized with respect to various parameters: (i) type and amount of oxidizing agent, (ii) type and amount of catalyst, (iii) type of ionic liquids (ranging from hydrophobic to hydrophilic), and (iv) temperature. (tudelft.nl)
Mass spectrometry1
Polar3
  • Here, we report our measurement of the gas-particle partition coefficient ( K p ) for weakly polar (trichloroethylene, TCE) and moderately polar ( n -butanol, n -BuOH) VOCs under varying relative humidity (RH) levels onto organic and inorganic aerosols. (aaqr.org)
  • The mechanism being that polar analytes interact with a hydrophilic stationary phase and the elution generated by mixing a predominantly aprotic solvent (usually acetonitrile) with a strong eluting solvent (usually water). (chromatographytoday.com)
  • It is thought analytes partition into the water-rich layer that is partially immobilised onto the stationary phase, and elute with increasing polar solvent [1]. (chromatographytoday.com)
Aqueous phase2
  • In contrast, at higher RH, the extremely low mass fraction of the VOCs, absorbed onto the aerosol particle's bulk by dissolving into the aqueous phase. (aaqr.org)
  • In this work, we demonstrate the application of the developed microfluidic platform to extract radioactive copper (Cu-64) from an aqueous solution into a solution of a chelating agent in an organic solvent ( e.g. , 2-Hydroxy-4- n -octyloxybenzophenone Oxime in toluene) followed by back extraction into the aqueous phase [7]. (aiche.org)
Particles5
  • Results suggest preferential sorption of the VOCs onto inorganic aerosol particles than onto organic aerosol particles. (aaqr.org)
  • 35% onto inorganic aerosol particles, whereas the K p declined slowly onto organic aerosol particles. (aaqr.org)
  • Partitioning of the VOCs onto organic aerosol particles was less dependent on RH levels while partitioning onto inorganic aerosol particles was important only at low RH levels. (aaqr.org)
  • For organic aerosol particles, partitioning may be dominated by adsorption at all RH levels. (aaqr.org)
  • At increasing RH levels, both VOCs partitioning onto in/organic aerosol particles exhibited similar behavior (exponential) consistent to those observed for 1,2-dichlorobenzene, therefore, insensitive to the polarity. (aaqr.org)
Chemically-bonded1
  • To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work about application of the chemically bonded ionic liquid modified MNPs for detecting carcinogenic organic pollutants in environmental water samples. (hindawi.com)
Retention2
  • It was shown that the retention of solutes by these phases correlated directly with the w/w phase loading, whilst both the separation factor and resolution for various enantiomers displayed a more complex relationship. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Secondary forces, such as dipole-dipole, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding interactions influence this partition, resulting in retention of the compound on the stationary phase or elution in the mobile phase. (news-medical.net)
Salts3
  • In conventional preparative LC, the amount of fraction is diluted with the mobile phase, resulting in a huge volume, which takes time to evaporate, and post-treatment work, such as removal of salts derived from the mobile phase, is required. (shimadzu.com)
  • In addition, salts derived from the mobile phase and counter ions of the target compound are removed. (shimadzu.com)
  • Ionic liquids are molten salts, which are liquid below 373 K. They consist of organic cations with organic or inorganic anions. (tudelft.nl)
Mixtures2
  • Chromatography is the separation of mixtures into their components as a result of differential distribution of the solutes in order for identification, analyses, purify and/or quantity of the mixture for a mobile medium and for a stationary absorbing medium. (majortests.com)
  • Polymers: Polymer mixtures, phase separation process, glass transition temperature, block copolymers and self-assembly process, long-range ordered nanostructured polymer and application in template for inorganic materials, drug delivery systems, biosensors, full-cell, organic solar cell 3. (tum.de)
Pollutants2
  • The important role of membrane materials in the separation of acidic pollutants is incontrovertible. (nature.com)
  • However, it has been noted that the coating of ionic liquid is noncovalent, which means that ionic liquid is more easily desorbed from surface and preconcentration of organic pollutants is strongly affected by the extraction parameters. (hindawi.com)
Silica4
  • Separation of dried liquid samples with a liquid solvent and a glass plate covered with a thin layer of silica gel. (majortests.com)
  • The silica gel is the stationary phase, TLC uses a thin uniform layer of silica gel or alumina coated onto a piece of glass, metal or rigid plastic. (majortests.com)
  • The influence of changing pore diameter of the aminopropylated silica, with concomitant changes in pore volume and surface area, were evaluated for a series of materials at constant w/w phase loading. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • We demonstrate the feasibility using standard silica flash columns to open up new possibilities for amino acid, nucleoside and nucleotide separations. (chromatographytoday.com)
Emission2
  • Image of polarization phases in emission obtained by 2D POLIM from liquid spread TQ1 film. (lu.se)
  • Correlation of fluorescence intensity, modulation depth in emission, phase angle of polarization in emission and energy funneling efficiency along a cross section (shown as dashed blue line in image of phase angles). (lu.se)
Ionic liquid6
  • The obtained six kinds of ionic liquid modified MNPs were characterized with transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetization, and FTIR, which owned the high adsorption capacity due to the nanometer size and high-density modification with ionic liquids. (hindawi.com)
  • MNPs coated with ionic liquid were applied to preconcentrate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples through forming mixed hemimicelles on the surface of MNPs. (hindawi.com)
  • The product can be recovered with high purity from one of the two phases that is substantially free of ionic liquid. (tudelft.nl)
  • In order to scale up the reaction in an ionic liquid/scCO2 miscibility switch system, a study was started to select the optimum ionic liquid in this case. (tudelft.nl)
  • Optimum conditions were obtained using the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([bmim][Tf2N]) with 3 mol% vanadyl acetylacetonate as a catalyst and 1,5 equiv. (tudelft.nl)
  • Both ternary systems (cinnamyl alcohol + ionic liquid + CO2 and (2S,3S)-(-)-3-phenylglycidol + ionic liquid + CO2) only show one type of phase transition (liquid-vapor to liquid) at the highest pressures studied. (tudelft.nl)
Elution3
  • Normal and Reversed Phase Chromatography What is the relationship between polarity of the mobile phase vs. elution time and resolution in normal phase and reversed phase chromatography? (majortests.com)
  • Irrespective of the interactions that are being brought, liquid column chromatography is taken up in six steps: Column equilibration, Sample loading, Washing, Elution, Final column washing and Column regeneration. (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • This contrasts with the order seen in standard reverse-phase chromatography, where elution occurs in the order of least to most hydrophilic. (news-medical.net)
Efficiency3
  • True selection of chemical absorbent is an important responsibility of researchers and scientists to improve the efficiency of greenhouse gases separation. (nature.com)
  • We studied the effect of pH, contact time between the phases (length of the microchannel), concentration and the type of chelating agents, concentration of the isotope of interest, as well as of the impurities introduced in the solution on the extraction efficiency. (aiche.org)
  • This paper aims to assist chromatographers in producing highly efficiency method development strategies for reversed-phase LC separations in a relatively short time frame. (chromatographyonline.com)
Molecules2
Behavior4
  • This interesting behavior, which is known as the miscibility switch phenomenon, is generally applicable for ternary systems containing ionic liquids, CO2 and organics. (tudelft.nl)
  • A new process set-up based on this phase behavior has been proposed, in which the reaction is carried out in a homogenous phase at high rate (no mass transfer limitations) by selection of a suitable pressure, temperature and CO2 concentration. (tudelft.nl)
  • of tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant at 25 °C. In order to design the subsequent separation step using CO2 extraction, it is critical to have the knowledge on the phase behavior of the systems involved. (tudelft.nl)
  • Phase behavior experiments were carried out using a synthetic method in the Cailletet apparatus at five different concentrations of CO2, at temperatures and pressures up to 368 K and 12.1 MPa, respectively. (tudelft.nl)
Isotope2
  • The extraction of radioisotopes produced from the cyclotron involves dissolution of the target material (containing impurities) in an aqueous acid followed by separation of the isotope of interest from the bulk solution using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). (aiche.org)
  • Specifically, we are interested in reactive extraction of isotope of interest (Cu-64) from the mixture in aqueous acid phase with the chelating agents into the organic phase [4, 5, 6]. (aiche.org)
Combinations2
  • The combinations are categorized with more than one name and the names focus on many different aspects of liquid chromatography methods. (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • Method Scouting system fully automates method scouting in which combinations of mobile phases and columns are automatically changed, equilibrated, and evaluated, allowing efficient method development. (shimadzu.com)
Contaminants1
  • Coated shell-core MNPs with carbon, alumina, and surfactants have been recently used to preconcentrate inorganic/organic contaminants in environmental and biological samples [ 5 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Typically1
Polymer3
  • As the optical transition dipole in TQ1 is parallel to the polymer backbone, the phase orientations mark local polmer chain orientations. (lu.se)
  • The performance of organic photovoltaics crucially depends on the local polymer organization. (lu.se)
  • Localized correlations of several 2D POLIM parameters allow for retriving the local polymer chain organisation within the liquid spread polymer film. (lu.se)
Extraction4
Analytical1
Reaction4
  • These phases were prepared by the exhaustive reaction of free hydroxyl groups in carbohydrates, such as cellulose and amylose, with aryl isocyanates, such as phenyl isocyanate and 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium-based ionic liquids were chemically synthesized and bonded on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with easy one-step reaction. (hindawi.com)
  • After completion of the reaction, a phase separation is induced by changing the conditions. (tudelft.nl)
  • Finally, using data obtained during this work, the conditions for carrying out the epoxidation reaction in a homogeneous phase and extracting the product with scCO2 in the two-phase region are determined. (tudelft.nl)
Purification2
  • The ultra fast preparative and purification liquid chromatograph system, Nexera UFPLC, streamlines purification operations by automating the preparative process from separation to concentration, purification, and collection. (shimadzu.com)
  • With the UFPLC Ultra Fast Preparative and Purification Liquid Chromatograph, these hindrances to powderization can be removed by flushing them out using a trap column, allowing a high purity powder of the target component to easily be obtained by anyone. (shimadzu.com)
Increases1
  • It is essential that the mobile phase always contains at least 5% water as that water merges with the stationary phase and increases the stationary phase's affinity to the analyte. (thermofisher.com)
Process1
  • Based on this principle, the clean process of oxidation roasting and Ce(IV) separation for Sichuan bastnaesite was developed. (intechopen.com)
Highly2
  • The approach described here will help chromatographers produce highly efficient method development strategies for reversed-phase LC separations in a relatively short time frame. (chromatographyonline.com)
  • For instance, ionic liquids do not dissolve in CO2, but CO2 is highly soluble in ionic liquids. (tudelft.nl)
Mobile phase3
  • The sample is transported through the column by the flow of inert, gaseous mobile phase. (majortests.com)
  • This reduces the work involved in investigating conditions, which saves on mobile phase solvent and samples. (shimadzu.com)
  • UHPSFC , ultra- pacted by other parameters, such as the addition of the mod- high performance supercritical fluid chromatography ifier and the change of the mobile phase density [20]. (lu.se)
Separates2
  • Paper chromatography is when it separates liquid samples with a liquid solvent and a paper strip. (majortests.com)
  • This separates liquid samples with a liquid solvent and a column composed of solid beads. (majortests.com)
Percentage1
  • Additionally, the influence of operational parameters (i.e., gas and liquid flow rates) and also membrane/module parameters (i.e., length of membrane module, hollow fibers' number and porosity) on the SO 2 separation percentage is investigated as another highlight of this paper. (nature.com)
Solid1
  • The column itself contains a liquid stationary phase which is absorbed onto the surface of an inert solid. (majortests.com)
Column1
  • This technique allows you to use smaller particle size for the column packing material allowing a much better separation of the components of the mixture. (majortests.com)
High2
  • During the pandemic, high-performance, liquid chromatography techniques became a reliable component for developing life-saving vaccines and other disease-detecting systems. (futuremarketinsights.com)
  • The high separation power and short analysis time obtained demonstrate for the first time that supercritical fluid chromatography is a fast and reliable technique for the analysis of lignin-derived phenols in complex environmental samples. (lu.se)
Compound1
  • Eosin Y as a model fluorescence compound was dissolved with the ternary solutions of water (1.0 mM carbonate buffer, pH 9.0)-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate, water-rich of 15:3:2 volume ratio and organic solvent-rich of 3:8:4 volume ratio, to which bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) oxalate and hydrogen peroxide chemiluminescence reagent were added. (scirp.org)