Organic anions in renal. Medical search. Frequent questions

Molecular physiology of renal organic anion transporters. (taconic.com)
2. Handling of the homocysteine S-conjugate of methylmercury by renal epithelial cells: role of organic anion transporter 1 and amino acid transporters. (nih.gov)
10. Interactions with selected drug renal transporters and transporter-mediated cytotoxicity in antiviral agents from the group of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates. (nih.gov)
13. Roles of organic anion transporters in the renal excretion of perfluorooctanoic acid. (nih.gov)
The SLC22 family comprises organic cation transporters (OCTs), zwitterion/cation transporters (OCTNs), and organic anion transporters (OATs). (nih.gov)
Transporters of the SLC22 family function in different ways: (1) as uniporters that mediate facilitated diffusion in either direction (OCTs), (2) as anion exchangers (OAT1, OAT3 and URAT1), and (3) as Na(+)/ l-carnitine cotransporter (OCTN2). (nih.gov)
Defect mutations of transporters of the SLC22 family may cause specific diseases such as "primary systemic carnitine deficiency" or "idiopathic renal hypouricemia" or change drug absorption or excretion. (nih.gov)
[ 7 ] These transporters may account for the reabsorption, secretion, and reabsorption pattern of renal handling of urate. (medscape.com)
Race JE, Grassl SM, Williams WJ, Holtzman EJ: Molecular cloning and characterization of two novel human renal organic anion transporters (hOAT1 and hOAT3). (t3db.ca)
We evaluated on a common and validated in vitro system the selectivity of 4-pyridoxic acid (PDA), homovanillic acid (HVA), glycochenodeoxycholate-3-sulphate (GCDCA-S) and taurine towards different renal transporters, including multidrug resistance-associated protein, and assessed the in vivo biomarker sensitivity towards the strong organic anion transporter (OAT) inhibitor probenecid at 500 mg every 6 h to reach close to complete OAT inhibition. (manchester.ac.uk)
For instance organic cation transporters (OCT) or organic anion transporters (OAT) mediate medication uptake in the bloodstream into proximal tubule epithelia over the basolateral membrane and eventually ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters or multidrug and toxin extrusion (Partner) transporters Baicalin mediate medication efflux in to the urine over the apical membrane (9). (bio-biz-navi.com)
Our results suggest that renal accumulation of IS in ischemic AKI induces oxidative stress and downregulation of organic anion transporters resulting in kidney damage, which could be restored to some extent by inhibiting hepatic SULT activity as a nephropreventive target. (koeki-data.org)

This study aimed to evaluate the transporter-mediated renal excretion mechanism for cilostazol and to characterize the mechanism of drug-drug interaction (DDI) between cilostazol and aspirin or probenecid. (aspetjournals.org)
Coadministration with probenecid, benzylpenicillin, or aspirin decreased the cumulative urinary excretion of cilostazol and renal clearance. (aspetjournals.org)
However, oxalate excretion was unaffected by probenecid, a drug known to inhibit the active tubular transport of organic anions. (portlandpress.com)
Renal filtration accounts for most drug excretion. (msdmanuals.com)
Renal drug excretion may also change with various health conditions. (msdmanuals.com)
7-14 Some studies of humans report increased renal excretion of biochemical markers such as α-glutathione- S -transferase, protein (albumin), and glucose after low-flow sevoflurane anesthesia, suggesting possible nephrotoxicity, 7-9 whereas others report no change. (silverchair.com)
Hyperkalemia results either from the shift of potassium out of cells or from abnormal renal potassium excretion. (ccjm.org)
Cell shift leads to transient increases in the plasma potassium concentration, whereas decreased renal excretion of potassium leads to sustained hyperkalemia. (ccjm.org)
Impairments in renal potassium excretion can be the result of reduced sodium delivery to the distal nephron, decreased mineralocorticoid level or activity, or abnormalities in the cortical collecting duct. (ccjm.org)
Multiplicity of biliary excretion mechanisms for the camptothecin derivative irinotecan (CPT-11), its metabolite SN-38, and its glucuronide: role of canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter and P-glycoprotein. (kanazawa-u.ac.jp)
This combination of high dietary acid intake and reduced renal acid excretion tends to lead to higher net acid balances as we age. (aprifel.com)
Since determining renal acid excretion requires a special research laboratory to measure the various components, much interest has focused on developing methods of estimating the body's acid-base balance from dietary intake. (aprifel.com)
Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. (t3db.ca)
Renal excretion appears the major path of reduction for veliparib with typical 70% (range 31 of dental dose being retrieved in the urine as the unchanged medication in sufferers with cancer finding a one dosage of 50 mg (4). (bio-biz-navi.com)
0.01 versus I/R. Effect of AST-120, SULT Inhibitors, and Sulforaphane on Kim-1 Excretion in Urine In order to clarify whether I/R-induced AKI was related to renal tubular cell damage, the preventive effect of AST-120, SULT inhibitors, or sulforaphane on urinary excretion of renal proximal tubule-specific biomarker Kim-1 was explored. (koeki-data.org)
Urinary Kim-1 excretion was markedly elevated in rats with renal I/R compared with that in control rats (Fig. (koeki-data.org)
Urinary Kim-1 Nifenalol HCl excretion was determined in rats with (A, solid circle) or without renal I/R treatment (A, open circle). (koeki-data.org)

5. Human organic anion transporter 1 mediates cellular uptake of cysteine-S conjugates of inorganic mercury. (nih.gov)
14. Human organic anion transporter OAT1 is not responsible for glutathione transport but mediates transport of glutamate derivatives. (nih.gov)
20. Expression studies and functional characterization of renal human organic anion transporter 1 isoforms. (nih.gov)
This is likely done through inhibition of the urate anion transporter (hURAT1) as well as the human organic anion transporter 4 (hOAT4). (illumina.com)

Studies of renal cell transport mechanisms and their impairment by xenobiotics are often limited by technical difficulties related to renal tubule complexity. (nih.gov)
No dose adjustment is required in patients with mild renal impairment. (who.int)
In sensitivity, the risks and can occur when combined with impaired renal impairment. (myjuicecup.com)
Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) causes acute kidney injury known by impaired renal function, which has partially been connected to kidney apoptosis as well as the impairment of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Na+/K+-ATPase signaling. (phypha.ir)
Shifting of potassium from the cells to the extracellular space is a cause of transient hyperkalemia, while chronic hyperkalemia indicates an impairment in renal potassium secretion. (ccjm.org)
Average renal Baicalin impairment CYP2D6 poor metabolizer and co-administration of OCT2 inhibitor (cimetidine) elevated veliparib steady-state publicity by 80% 20 and 30% respectively. (bio-biz-navi.com)
Although an individual factor (i actually.e. renal impairment CYP2D6 insufficiency and decreased OCT2 activity) displays a moderate influence they collectively you could end up a substantial and potentially medically relevant upsurge in veliparib publicity. (bio-biz-navi.com)

Nephrotoxicity may manifest as either proximal renal tubule dysfunction in the form of a partial or complete Fanconi syndrome or as decreased renal function leading to acute or chronic kidney injury. (rcpe.ac.uk)
Select dosage with caution and consider monitoring renal function since geriatric patients more likely to have decreased renal function than younger adults. (drugs.com)

Renal transport of organic anions and cations. (nih.gov)
Organic anions and cations (OAs and OCs, respectively) comprise an extraordinarily diverse array of compounds of physiological, pharmacological, and toxicological importance. (nih.gov)
A polyspecific transporter for organic cations found primarily in the kidney. (bvsalud.org)
5) next step: deionizers, resins that remove cations and anions. (renalfellow.org)
Renal secretion of organic cations or anions is normally a process which involves an entrance step on the basolateral membrane and an leave step on the apical membrane of renal tubule cells. (bio-biz-navi.com)

Cloning, expression, and ontogeny of mouse organic anion-transporting polypeptide-5, a kidney-specific organic anion transporter. (taconic.com)
TMR may increase plasma concentrations of grazoprevir and voxilaprevir due to organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1/3 inhibition. (hiv.gov)

Inhibition of organic anions. (myjuicecup.com)
The findings of the present study indicated that the renoprotective effect of NC in the renal I/R rat model coincided with the inhibition of histopathological injuries and apoptosis, but not with compensation for renal COX-2 and Na+/K+ -ATPase downregulation. (phypha.ir)
PDA and GCDCA-S were the most promising endogenous biomarkers of the OAT pathway activity: PDA plasma exposure was the most sensitive to probenecid inhibition, and, in contrast, GCDCA-S was the most sensitive OAT biomarker based on renal clearance, with higher selectivity towards the OAT3 transporter. (manchester.ac.uk)

6. Human renal organic anion transporter 1-dependent uptake and toxicity of mercuric-thiol conjugates in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. (nih.gov)
7. Basolateral uptake of mercuric conjugates of N-acetylcysteine and cysteine in the kidney involves the organic anion transport system. (nih.gov)
9. Renal organic anion transport system: a mechanism for the basolateral uptake of mercury-thiol conjugates along the pars recta of the proximal tubule. (nih.gov)
19. Characterization of the uptake of organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 and OAT3 substrates by human kidney slices. (nih.gov)
Uptake of -AM dyes by EMVs, including frank vacuoles, probably results from the action of intravesicular esterases, following diffusional entry of lipophilic neutral molecules or partially de-esterified anions. (biologists.com)
J. Oaz1 mediate renal tubular uptake of IS in basolateral membrane, were markedly downregulated by renal I/R, but restored by SULT inhibitors. (koeki-data.org)

2) Results: In two renal cell carcinoma RNA-seq datasets found in TCGA, KIRC and KIRP, there were multiple differentially expressed (DE) SLC22 transporter genes compared to normal kidney. (nih.gov)
Renal hypouricemia often does not cause any health problems but can lead to pain and nausea after exercise, kidney stones , or blood in the urine (hematuria). (medlineplus.gov)
The kidney, primarily the renal proximal tubule, plays a critical role in regulating the plasma concentrations of these organic electrolytes and in clearing the body of potentially toxic xenobiotics agents, a process that involves active, transepithelial secretion. (nih.gov)
The cloning of multiple members of several distinct transport families, the subsequent characterization of their activity, and their subcellular localization within distinct regions of the kidney, now allows the development of models describing the molecular basis of the renal secretion of OAs and OCs. (nih.gov)
1. Transport of N-acetylcysteine s-conjugates of methylmercury in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells stably transfected with human isoform of organic anion transporter 1. (nih.gov)
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Acute kidney injury is a rapid decrease in renal function over days to weeks, causing an accumulation of nitrogenous products in the blood (azotemia) with or without reduction in amount of urine. (msdmanuals.com)
This project's objective was to conduct rapid high-throughput screening of cultured human kidney cells to identify potential adverse outcome pathways associated with renal injury. (cdc.gov)
During chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is a progressive accumulation of toxic solutes due to inadequate renal clearance. (rug.nl)
E,E, and ?andF).F). These observations suggested that the IS accumulation in the ischemic kidney could contribute to the progression or development of renal proximal tubule injury, and the compounds that suppress IS production and/or accumulation may help prevent renal tubular damage. (koeki-data.org)
0.01 versus I/R. Effect of Postoral Administration of AST-120 and SULT Inhibitors on Renal Function and IS Concentration in Serum and Kidney of Rats after Renal I/R Treatment We also investigated the effect of commencing oral administration of the compounds 3, 6, and 24 h after renal I/R treatment. (koeki-data.org)
Effect of postoral administration of AST-120 and SULT inhibitors on renal function and IS concentration in serum and kidney of rats after renal I/R treatment. (koeki-data.org)

Within the proximal tubules, the URAT1 protein helps transport molecules by exchanging negatively charged atoms (anions) for a substance called urate. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the mutations that cause renal hypouricemia replace single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the URAT1 protein and reduce the protein's ability to reabsorb urate into the bloodstream. (medlineplus.gov)
While it is not clear how these changes in urate levels lead to the signs and symptoms of renal hypouricemia, it is likely that the loss of urate's antioxidant properties in combination with the increase in urate passing through the kidneys to be released in urine contribute to the characteristic features of this condition. (medlineplus.gov)
Are polymorphisms affecting serum urate, renal urate handling and alcohol intake associated with co-morbidities in gout cases? (cdc.gov)
A urate/anion exchanger (URAT1) has been identified in the brush-border membrane of the kidneys and is inhibited by an angiotensin II receptor blocker, losartan. (medscape.com)
The organic acids that accumulate in these conditions compete with urate for tubular secretion. (medscape.com)

15. Organic anion transporter OAT1 is involved in renal handling of citrulline. (nih.gov)
Human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells with over-expressed organic anion transporter 1 (RPTEC-OAT1) were exposed to serial dilutions of 5 AFFF (A-E), 5 SFFF (F-J), and 7 frequently detected PFAS in cell culture media for 6 - 24 hours. (cdc.gov)

Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLCO3A1 gene. (wikipedia.org)

2003). "Molecular characterization of human and rat organic anion transporter OATP-D". Am. J. Physiol. (wikipedia.org)

During the workup of a patient with metabolic acidosis, as indicated by low plasma bicarbonate and low pH on arterial blood gas (ABG) determinations (bicarbonate less than 22 mmol/L and pH less than 7.35), calculation of the serum anion gap may provide further clues to the etiology. (medscape.com)
Reduction in serum albumin by 10 g/L (1 g/dL) reduces the normal value for anion gap by 2.5 mmol/L. (medscape.com)
Abstract Alcohol-related intoxications, including methanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol, and alcoholic ketoacidosis can present with a high anion gap metabolic acidosis and increased serum osmolal gap, whereas isopropanol intoxication presents with hyperosmolality alone. (diabetestalk.net)
Accumulation of the alcohols in the blood can cause an increment in the osmolality, and accumulation of their metabolites can cause an increase in the anion gap and a decrease in serum bicarbonate concentration. (diabetestalk.net)

8. Kinetics of interactions of para-aminohippurate, probenecid, cysteine conjugates and N-acetyl cysteine conjugates with basolateral organic anion transporter in isolated rabbit proximal renal tubules. (nih.gov)
nearly all water and most electrolytes are passively and actively reabsorbed from the renal tubules back into the circulation. (msdmanuals.com)
Transport of the organic anion salicylate by the Malpighian tubules and gut of larval and adult fruit flies was studied using two salicylate-selective microelectrode methods. (silverchair.com)
Mechanisms by which the dithiol chelating agent 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS) significantly alters the renal tubular transport, accumulation, and toxicity of inorganic mercury were studied in isolated perfused pars recta (S2) segments of proximal tubules of rabbits. (aspetjournals.org)

The accumulation of organic acid metabolites, especially glycolic acid, results in an elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis. (cdc.gov)
In a normal conditioned state, the quantity of acid secreted and the renal generation of new bicarbonate equals the rate of metabolic proton generation, in turn preserves the pH balance. (dentistryiq.com)
1 Proximal renal tubular acidosis is characterised by defective proximal tubular reabsorption associated with phosphaturia, glycosuria, aminoaciduria, bicarbonaturia resulting in hypophosphataemia, hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis. (rcpe.ac.uk)
In addition to metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure and neurologic disease can occur in some of the intoxications. (diabetestalk.net)
Given the potentially high morbidity and mortality of these intoxications, it is important for the clinician to have a high degree of suspicion for these disorders in cases of high anion gap metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure, or unexplained neurologic disease so that treatment can be initiated early. (diabetestalk.net)
Laboratory results included absent blood alcohol with normal or low blood glucose level, no glycosuria, and a variably severe metabolic acidosis with a raised anion gap. (diabetestalk.net)
20 is a primary metabolic acidosis regardless of pH or bicarb 5) If an anion gap is present, check the delta-delta regardless of pH. (openanesthesia.org)
Linkage of organic anion transporter-1 to metabolic pathways through integrated "omics"-driven network and functional analysis. (uclahealth.org)

Renal Physiol. (wikipedia.org)

A food is considered acidic or alkaline as determined by the potential renal acid loads (PRALs). (dentistryiq.com)
The excreted product of carbon dioxide by the respiratory system, and the excreted product of a noncarbonic acid or base by the renal system (Mousa, 2016). (dentistryiq.com)
According to Mousa (2016), "Everyday metabolism produces acid as nonvolatile sulfate from amino-acid catabolism, nonmetabolized organic acids, and phosphoric and other acids. (dentistryiq.com)
It mediates the coupled exchange of alpha-ketoglutarate with organic ions such as P-AMINOHIPPURIC ACID. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, many plant secondary chemicals or anthropogenic compounds such as salicylate, indigo carmine and the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid are organic anions. (silverchair.com)
Dialysis to remove the unmetabolized alcohol and possibly the organic acid anion can be helpful in treatment of several of the alcohol-related intoxications. (diabetestalk.net)
Indoxyl sulfate and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid are uremic toxins that accumulate in renal failure and have been reported to decrease the activities of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A and the drug transporter organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B, respectively. (biomed.news)

Albumin has a strongly negative charge and makes up a substantial portion of the clinically unmeasured anion concentration. (medscape.com)

An elevated anion gap can be observed with renal failure and organic acidosis, such as lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, and certain poisonings. (medscape.com)
In many patients, neither the anion gap nor the arterial pH may reflect the presence or severity of lactic acidosis. (medscape.com)
Here we report a 50-year-old HIV-positive male on tenofovir who presented with proximal renal tubular acidosis and fracture of left neck of femur four years after initiation of the drug. (rcpe.ac.uk)

AST-120 and SULT inhibitors were orally administered to rats 3, 6, and 24 h after renal I/R. After I/R. (koeki-data.org)

Stiburkova B, Sebesta I, Ichida K, Nakamura M, Hulkova H, Krylov V, Kryspinova L, Jahnova H. Novel allelic variants and evidence for a prevalent mutation in URAT1 causing renal hypouricemia: biochemical, genetics and functional analysis. (medlineplus.gov)

4. The oxalate/creatinine clearance ratio ranged from 1.42 to 2.60 (mean = 1.95) in the normal subjects and from 1.04 to 2.33 (mean = 1.76) in the patients, implying a net renal tubular secretion of oxalate. (portlandpress.com)
Conclusions Renal function (creatinine clearance) is normally a substantial predictor for veliparib publicity in sufferers with cancers. (bio-biz-navi.com)

4. Homocysteine and the renal epithelial transport and toxicity of inorganic mercury: role of basolateral transporter organic anion transporter 1. (nih.gov)

Arsenic compounds exist in a number of inorganic and organic forms. (cdc.gov)
Other inorganic arsenic compounds may vary somewhat in relative toxicity, and organic arsenic compounds appear to be essentially nontoxic. (cdc.gov)

Gradually and over time these have become quantitative and specify amounts of critical nutrients such as calcium, sodium, refined sugar, protein, and potassium - as alkaline anions in mainly fruits and vegetables. (uchicago.edu)

A wide range of charged, potentially toxic xenobiotics as well as endogenous organic ions are transported into the lumen by renal tissues of vertebrates and invertebrates. (silverchair.com)
Organic anions include endogenous compounds such as bilirubin, cyclic nucleotides, folates and prostaglandins. (silverchair.com)

This transepithelial transport involves separate entry and exit steps at the basolateral and luminal aspects of renal tubular cells. (nih.gov)

Note that expected anion gap = 2.5 x [albumin]. (openanesthesia.org)

More than 30 mutations in the SLC22A12 gene have been found to cause renal hypouricemia. (medlineplus.gov)

However, the downregulation of renal COX-2 and Na+/K+ -ATPase expression induced by I/R was not restored by the renoprotective dose of NC. (phypha.ir)

Interaction of Alkyl/Arylphosphonates, phosphonocarboxylates and diphosphonates with different anion transport systems in the proximal renal tubule. (mpg.de)
Aquatic models for the study of renal transport function and pollutant toxicity. (nih.gov)
Moreover, since bladders can be mounted as flat sheets in flux chambers, studies with this tissue avoid the problems of complex renal tubule geometry and tissue heterogeneity that limit transport studies in proximal tubule. (nih.gov)
17. Transport of ochratoxin A by renal multispecific organic anion transporter 1. (nih.gov)
Probenecid, a competitive inhibitor of organic anion transport, diminishes compound A nephrotoxicity in rats. (silverchair.com)
In light of multiple pathways mixed up in disposition of veliparib complicated disease- gene- and medication- medication interactions could take place when several scientific factors can be found concomitantly such as for example renal or liver organ dysfunction and adjustments in fat burning capacity or transport actions caused by hereditary polymorphisms or connections with coadministered medications. (bio-biz-navi.com)
We also obtained data indicating that DMPS is transported by the organic anion transport system and that this transport is linked to the therapeutic effects of DMPS. (aspetjournals.org)

The principles of transmembrane passage govern renal handling of drugs. (msdmanuals.com)

8. Gholampour F, Roozbeh J, Janfeshan S, Karimi Z. Remote ischemic per-conditioning protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via suppressing gene expression of TLR4 and TNF-alpha in rat model. (phypha.ir)
Fig.2D),2D), despite displaying a significant nephropreventive effect as observed by the restored SCr and BUN levels in renal ischemic rats. (koeki-data.org)

A common variant of organic anion transporter 4 (OAT4/SLC22A11) gene is associated with renal underexcretion type gout. (cdc.gov)

11. Stoichiometry of organic anion/dicarboxylate exchange in membrane vesicles from rat renal cortex and hOAT1-expressing cells. (nih.gov)

The normal anion gap may vary depending on the laboratory, but it generally ranges from 8-12 mmol/L. Furthermore, the normal value for the anion gap must be adjusted in patients with hypoalbuminemia. (medscape.com)
in fifteen male patients with renal calcium oxalate stones the mean value was 1.73 μmol/l (15.6 μg/100 ml), SD = 0.55 μmol/l (4.98 μg/100 ml). (portlandpress.com)
3. The renal clearance of [ 14 C]oxalate ranged from 162 to 358 ml/min (mean = 249 ml/min) in the normal subjects and from 95 to 315 ml/min (mean = 201 ml/min) in the patients. (portlandpress.com)
BACKGROUND: In patients with diabetes, albuminuria is a risk marker of end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular events. (bvsalud.org)

Decreased distal delivery of sodium, reduced mineralocorticoid levels or activity, and a distal tubular defect are causes of impaired renal potassium secretion. (ccjm.org)

A 60 years old man has undergone hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure by diabetic nephropathy. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy26

Organisms20

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs151

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes31

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Transporters12

Excretion17

Human organic anion transporter4

Impairment7

Decreased renal function2

Cations5

Polypeptide2

Inhibition3

Uptake6

Kidney11

Urate6

OAT12

Solute1

OATP1

Serum4

Tubules4

Metabolic8

Physiol1

Acid7

Concentration1

Acidosis3

Inhibitors1

URAT11

Creatinine clearance2

Toxicity of inorganic mercury1

Inorganic2

Protein1

Endogenous2

Basolateral1

Albumin1

Hypouricemia1

Downregulation1

Transport7

Transmembrane1

Ischemic2

SLC22A111

Stoichiometry1

Patients4

Sodium1

Hemodialysis1