Oral rheumatoid arthritis. Medical search. Frequent questions

The objective of this phase 2 study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of R788, an oral inhibitor of Syk, in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite methotrexate therapy. (nih.gov)
We enrolled 457 patients who had active rheumatoid arthritis despite long-term methotrexate therapy in a 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (nih.gov)
Conclusions: Tofacitinib (with or without background methotrexate) demonstrated a stable safety profile and sustained efficacy in Japanese patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. (elsevierpure.com)
RINVOQ™, a selective and reversible JAK inhibitor discovered and developed by AbbVie, is approved as an oral, once daily, 15 mg therapy for adults with moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis. (pharmiweb.com)
The drug, tofacitinib (Xeljanz), provides a new treatment option for adults with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis who have had an inadequate response to, or who are intolerant of, methotrexate, a standard therapy for the disease. (nih.gov)

Physicians must use history and physical examination findings to differentiate the inflammatory arthritis in RA from another etiology, including systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, psoriatic arthritis, sarcoidosis, crystal arthropathy, and spondyloarthropathy. (aafp.org)
Creams and ointments are used to treat various skin conditions, including psoriasis that occurs with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). (arthritis.org)
We find that in large cohorts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis , axial psoriatic arthritis, and so on, upwards of 20% of patients will have concomitant fibromyalgia, and that various measures - such as the DAS28, or the DAPSA score in psoriatic arthritis - will be almost twice as severe in patients with concomitant fibromyalgia. (medscape.com)

Although rheumatoid arthritis is often a chronic disease, some patients can taper and discontinue medications and remain in long-term remission. (aafp.org)
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis should be treated as early as possible to have the best chance of remission. (aafp.org)
Patients who are in remission from rheumatoid arthritis for more than six months and on stable medication regimens are candidates for tapering or discontinuing disease-modifying antirheumatic drug or biologic treatment. (aafp.org)
Intensive treatment with methotrexate in early rheumatoid arthritis: aiming for remission. (bmj.com)
An analysis of patient data from Sweden and Norway detail the impact of achieving remission with methotrexate or TNF inhibitors on risk of acute coronary syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (hcplive.com)
An analysis of patient data from a pair of European nations is offering clinicians with insight into the risk of acute coronary syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis based on whether they have attained remission with a methotrexate or a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor. (hcplive.com)
Patients with [rheumatoid arthritis] who reach remission on MTX have a similar ACS risk as those reaching remission on TNF inhibitors," said Bénédicte Delcoigne, PhD, MSc, a statistician from the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden. (hcplive.com)
3 Citing an interest in exploring differences in risk for acute coronary syndrome based on achievement of remission with either methotrexate or a TNF inhibitor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Delcoigne and a team of colleagues from the Karolinska Institute designed the current study as an analysis of data from clinical rheumatology registers in Norway and Sweden. (hcplive.com)

For this corticosteroid-resistant, seronegative, and nondestructive post-chikungunya rheumatoid arthritis, methotrexate was prescribed at a weekly low dose after exclusion of contraindications, but the patient was not followed-up after she returned to Saint Martin. (cdc.gov)
Methotrexate is typically the first-line agent for rheumatoid arthritis. (aafp.org)
The 2015 American College of Rheumatology guidelines continue to recommend methotrexate as the first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, unless contraindications (e.g., frequent alcohol use, preexisting liver disease) are present. (aafp.org)
Methotrexate should be the first-line disease-modifying antirheumatic drug in patients with rheumatoid arthritis unless there are contraindications. (aafp.org)
Do not prescribe biologics for rheumatoid arthritis before a trial of methotrexate (or other conventional nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs). (aafp.org)
To investigate whether intensive treatment with methotrexate (MTX) according to a strict protocol and a computerised decision program is more beneficial compared to conventional treatment with MTX in early rheumatoid arthritis. (bmj.com)
Initially, 222 patients spent a year on weekly injections of etanercept (Enbrel), along with oral methotrexate. (healthday.com)
NORTH CHICAGO, Ill., June 4, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV), a research-based global biopharmaceutical company, today announced new long-term results showing that once daily upadacitinib continued to improve signs and symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis at 72 and 84 weeks in the SELECT-COMPARE (upadacitinib, 15 mg in combination with methotrexate [MTX]) and SELECT-MONOTHERAPY (upadacitinib, 15 mg and 30 mg) Phase 3 clinical trials, respectively. (pharmiweb.com)
These new long-term data showcase the potential of RINVOQ to provide relief from the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, both as a monotherapy and in combination with methotrexate," said Isidro Villanueva, vice president, medical affairs immunology, AbbVie. (pharmiweb.com)

In recent years, researchers have found a connection between oral health and rheumatoid arthritis. (varietytalk.com)
In conclusion, the connection between oral health and rheumatoid arthritis highlights the importance of taking care of the teeth and gums for overall health. (varietytalk.com)

MRFR (Market Research Future) expects the seropositive rheumatoid arthritis drug market 2020 to procure an approximate CAGR of 4.0% between 2017and 2023 (analysis period). (medgadget.com)
The market for seropositive rheumatoid arthritis drug has been gaining momentum on the back of the surging number of smokers, increasing spending on healthcare and the expanding female and obese population. (medgadget.com)
Product development and launches including Adalimumab and Infliximab biosimilars are expected to induce major growth in the seropositive rheumatoid arthritis drug market. (medgadget.com)
Routes of administration for seropositive rheumatoid arthritis drugs are intravenous, subcutaneous, oral, and others. (medgadget.com)
The regional study of the seropositive rheumatoid arthritis drug industry covers Europe, the Americas, MEA/Middle East and Africa and APAC/Asia Pacific. (medgadget.com)
Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis is quite common in the US, affecting close to 1.3 million people. (medgadget.com)

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) , or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, is the most common chronic arthritis in children. (medscape.com)
Management of the signs and symptoms of polyarticular course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in children who have not responded adequately to NSAIAs. (drugs.com)
Not recommended for management of systemic course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis because of the high frequency of adverse effects reported in children. (drugs.com)
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a group of rheumatic diseases that begins by age 16. (merckmanuals.com)
Tolmetin is also used to treat juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in children who are at least 2 years old. (everydayhealth.com)
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), sometimes referred to as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), is the most common form of childhood arthritis. (medscape.com)
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has unknown etiology, and the involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare in the early phase of the disease. (bvsalud.org)
1. Sidiropoulou-Chatzigianni S, Papadopoulos MA, Kolokithas G. Dentoskeletal morphology in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis compared with healthy children. (bvsalud.org)
2. Kjellberg H. Craniofacial growth in juvenile chronic arthritis. (bvsalud.org)
3. Kjellberg H, Fasth A, Kiliaridis S, Wenneberg B, Thilander B. Craniofacial structure in children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) compared with healthy children with ideal or postnormal occlusion. (bvsalud.org)
4. Bakke M, Zak M, Jensen BL, Pedersen FK, Kreiborg S. Orofacial pain, jaw function, and temporomandibular disorders in women with a history of juvenile chronic arthritis or persistent juvenile chronic arthritis. (bvsalud.org)

A trial conducted at 12 arthritis centers shows the blood-filtering device improved symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis such as swollen and tender joints in half the study subjects. (cnn.com)

According to current thought, some oral bacteria that are known to cause periodontal disease may also act as a RA trigger. (ndtv.com)
To quantify periodontal disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and controls, and to correlate the degree of destruction from periodontal disease and from RA. (nih.gov)
Scientists who conducted the study found that advanced gum disease, also called periodontal disease, "results in repeated breaches of the oral mucosa that release … oral bacteria into circulation, which activate inflammatory [molecular compounds] that are observed in inflamed RA synovia and blood of RA patients. (naturalnews.com)

Our topic today is how to treat patients with refractory or difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis , a problem which faces all of us as rheumatologists on a weekly basis as well as patients who are on their fourth or fifth biologic agent to try to control their rheumatoid arthritis. (medscape.com)

Background: Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (elsevierpure.com)
It is the first Janus kinase inhibitor to receive an FDA approval for rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
FOSTER CITY, Calif. & MECHELEN, Belgium --(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nov. 9, 2019-- Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq: GILD) and Galapagos NV (Euronext & NASDAQ: GLPG) today announced detailed results from the companies' clinical research program evaluating filgotinib, an investigational, oral, selective JAK1 inhibitor, in adults with moderately-to-severely active RA. (gilead.com)

The approval of tofacitinib represents the first time in a decade that the FDA has approved an oral disease modifying antirheumatic drug, or DMARD, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
Unlike biologic treatments for rheumatoid arthritis - which are also DMARDs and target immune system proteins - tofacitinib is a pill, not an infusion or an injection. (nih.gov)
ORAL Surveillance began in 2014, about 18 months after tofacitinib was first approved for rheumatoid arthritis . (medpagetoday.com)
The same rheumatoid arthritis drug (tofacitinib citrate) has recently shown to reverse two other disfiguring skin conditions, vitiligo and alopecia areata. (scitechdaily.com)
hypothesized that a drug approved for rheumatoid arthritis, tofacitinib citrate, would interrupt the immune response that causes eczema. (scitechdaily.com)

The patient's condition met the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League against Rheumatism criteria for rheumatoid arthritis ( https://www.rheumatology.org/practice/clinical/classification/ra/ra_2010.asp ), and the only cause observed for this disease was acute chikungunya. (cdc.gov)
We are excited to share these results with the rheumatology community reinforcing RINVOQ as an important treatment option that may help more patients living with rheumatoid arthritis reach their goals in disease management. (pharmiweb.com)
Exploring the impact of the national tender system on the use of costly drugs treating rheumatoid arthritis patients in ten rheumatology centers in Norway (2010-2019). (bvsalud.org)

Arthritis experts say the device will likely benefit patients with severe cases of the disease. (cnn.com)
It very well may be helpful for a small percentage of patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis who are just unresponsive to everything," said Dr. Doyt Conn from the Arthritis Foundation. (cnn.com)
Cortef (hydrocortisone) is a common oral corticosteroid prescribed to patients diagnosed with arthritis, some skin conditions, ulcerative colitis, certain cancers, Addison's disease, and those suffering from severe allergies. (northwestpharmacy.com)
Standard treatments, such as steroid creams and oral medicines, commonly fail to relieve symptoms in patients with moderate to severe eczema. (scitechdaily.com)
The patient presented the severe clinical activity of rheumatoid arthritis. (bvsalud.org)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) note it is possible to contract an STI in the throat and mouth from giving oral sex. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Additional studies will be needed to further assess the safety and efficacy of Syk-inhibition therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
Currently, most physicians use HGWD to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and it has proved to have high efficacy. (hindawi.com)

Low salivary cortisol levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis exposed to oral glucocorticoids: a cross-sectional study set within UK electronic health records. (ox.ac.uk)
Occasionally we've encountered patients who are only seen to respond to glucocorticoids, and they don't have rheumatoid arthritis, especially if they're seronegative. (medscape.com)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a common chronic systemic autoimmune disease, is characterized by synovial hyperproliferation and inflammatory/immune cell infiltration [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the body's own tissues, including the joints. (varietytalk.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic and debilitating disease in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissue. (cnn.com)
This discovery led to the idea that drugs blocking Janus kinases would suppress the immune system and might be protective against the damaging inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis and certain other autoimmune diseases. (nih.gov)

For instance, in May 2020, Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. banded together with Celltrion Healthcare, Co., Ltd to launch TRUXIMA/rituximab-abbs injection in the US, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (medgadget.com)
New York, January 13, 2020 - The global Rheumatoid Arthritis Drugs Market is forecast to reach USD 37.41 Billion by 2028, according to a new report by Reports and Data. (reportsanddata.com)

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the joints. (varietytalk.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis may impact organs other than the joints, including lungs, skin, and eyes. (aafp.org)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune condition that makes your body attack your joints, which can cause the erosion of bones, joint deformities and debilitating pain. (naturalnews.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that primarily involves the joints. (merckmanuals.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that affects the joints. (reportsanddata.com)
That's where objective measures - looking at swollen joints, getting ultrasound, MRI sometimes - come in, in order to really figure out what we're dealing with and make sure that this is really rheumatoid arthritis that's active. (medscape.com)
Affecting nearly 1.5 million adults, rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that causes pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of function in the joints. (nih.gov)
A 12-year-old, female, Caucasian patient, with systemic rheumathoid arthritis and involvement of multiple joints was referred to the Imaging Center for TMJ assessment. (bvsalud.org)

The patient had mild inflammation (C-reactive protein level 13 mg/L, fibrinogen level 3.4 g/L) but no specific autoimmunity (results were negative for anticitrullinated peptide antibodies, rheumatoid factor, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, and antinuclear antibodies). (cdc.gov)
Peptidylarginine deiminase from Porphyromonas gingivalis citrullinates human fibrinogen and α-enolase: implications for autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis. (merckmanuals.com)

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease with heterogeneity in disease activity as well as joint damage, but almost all patients develop disability in the long run. (bmj.com)

Biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) are highly effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), albeit high drug cost has restricted their use in many countries. (bvsalud.org)

Plasma cells produce antibodies (eg, rheumatoid factor [RF], anticyclic citrullinated peptide [anti-CCP] antibody) that contribute to these complexes, but destructive arthritis can occur in their absence. (merckmanuals.com)

Arthritis medications play a crucial role in controlling the symptoms and progression of rheumatoid arthritis. (reportsanddata.com)

no longer include the presence of rheumatoid nodules or radiographic erosive changes, both of which are less likely in early presentation. (aafp.org)

Rapid diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis allows for earlier treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, which is associated with better outcomes. (aafp.org)
Patients should be screened for chronic infections, including latent tuberculosis, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus, before starting rheumatoid arthritis treatment. (aafp.org)
Administration of sulfasalazine alone is not a complete treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. (drugs.com)
Start of treatment soon after diagnosis is most effective, and the best medical care combines rheumatoid arthritis medications and other approaches. (reportsanddata.com)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved a new oral medication for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis that represents a new class of drugs for the disease. (nih.gov)
Forearms of eczema patient before and after treatment with arthritis medication. (scitechdaily.com)

Are we dealing with osteoarthritis that may be on the part of the patient or on the part of me being confused for the rheumatoid arthritis disease activity? (medscape.com)
Tolmetin is used to treat pain or inflammation caused by osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. (everydayhealth.com)
Authored by two physicians who work in the field along with a biochemist, Loebl ( The Columbia Presbyterian Osteoarthritis Handbook ), this authoritative guide will be useful to health professionals, people afflicted with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), and their families. (publishersweekly.com)

Articular and lung manifestations in RA demonstrate a bidirectional temporal relationship with airway and lung parenchymal involvement most frequently developing after arthritis, although lung disease may be the initial presenting finding. (cdc.gov)

Overview of subcutaneous (sc) with per oral vs. intravenous (iv) and biosimilars vs. non- biosimilar are also described. (bvsalud.org)

The inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis can also affect the gums and other tissues in the mouth, leading to oral health issues such as gum disease, tooth loss, and dry mouth. (varietytalk.com)
This is likely due to the inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis, which can weaken the body's ability to fight off infection. (varietytalk.com)

A blood-based molecular signature response classifier (MSRC) integrating next-generation RNA sequencing data with clinical features predicts the likelihood that a patient with rheumatoid arthritis will have an inadequate response to TNFi therapy. (springer.com)

In a patient with inflammatory arthritis, the presence of a rheumatoid factor and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibody, elevated C-reactive protein level, or elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate is consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. (aafp.org)

Rheumatoid arthritis affects about 1% of the population. (merckmanuals.com)
The hallmark feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is persistent symmetric polyarthritis (synovitis) that affects the hands and feet, although any joint lined by a synovial membrane may be involved. (medscape.com)
Actinomycosis, with infective arthritis and was given treat- on the other hand, affects the cervicofacial, ment but there was no improvement after 6 thoracic and abdominal regions. (who.int)

Although their popularity has decreased over the years due to the introduction of newer drugs with fewer side effects, they still have a role in managing some arthritis symptoms. (arthritis.org)
Corticosteroids shouldn't be used long-term to treat inflammatory arthritis - or any disease - but they're sometimes used for a few weeks or months to boost the effectiveness of DMARDs or other drugs. (arthritis.org)
But all drugs, whether taken by mouth or injected, come with a risk of side effects, and hundreds of drugs are known to cause mouth (oral) problems. (webmd.com)

Dysbiosis of the microbiome of the gut, oral, and lung mucosa has been identified in RA patients and may have a pathogenic role in RA. (cdc.gov)
These methods should include means to assess microbial relationships between sites (e.g. oral and lung, gut and genitourinary) and allow for robust assessment of changes over time. (medscape.com)

The protein-protein interaction map specific to the rheumatoid arthritis pathophysiology and gene expression data in blood patient samples was used to discover a molecular signature of non-response to TNFi therapy. (springer.com)

Leflunomide oral tablets are a generic prescription medication. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Arava is the brand-name medication that leflunomide oral tablets is based on. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Your doctor might suggest a one-time injection into a muscle if you need longer-acting relief than oral medication can provide. (arthritis.org)
THURSDAY, Nov. 6, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- Some patients in the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis may be able to have their medication doses safely lowered once their symptoms are well under control, according to a study published in the Nov. 6 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine . (healthday.com)

Always consult your physician before making any change in your oral or self-injected medications. (jhu.edu)
Some of the most common mouth-related (oral) side effects of medications are listed below. (webmd.com)
Certain inhaler medications used for asthma may lead to a yeast infection in the mouth called oral candidiasis . (webmd.com)

One member of this family, JAK3, was discovered in the early 1990s by a National Institutes of Health laboratory in the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS). (nih.gov)

2 Results of this LTE show that upadacitinib monotherapy resulted in continued improvements in rheumatoid arthritis signs and symptoms through 84 weeks. (pharmiweb.com)

It is important to use barrier methods, such as male condoms and dental dams, during oral sex. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Rheumatoid arthritis is the most commonly diagnosed systemic inflammatory arthritis, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 1% worldwide. (aafp.org)
RA is one of the most common forms of inflammatory arthritis. (medscape.com)

Gut microbiota regulates K/BxN autoimmune arthritis through follicular helper T but not Th17 cells. (merckmanuals.com)

Immunosuppressive drug users may experience problems with oral bacterial infections. (ndtv.com)
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- An advisory panel to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Thursday recommended approval of a blood filtering device to treat some cases of rheumatoid arthritis. (cnn.com)
This year the FDA approved two new drug therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. (cnn.com)
This MSRC provides a solution to the long-standing need for precision medicine tools to predict drug response in rheumatoid arthritis-a heterogeneous and progressive disease with an abundance of therapeutic options. (springer.com)

The study aim was to investigate the prevalence of low MSC in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) currently and formerly exposed to oral GCs, and the association with potential risk factors. (ox.ac.uk)
North America is expected to grow at a steady growth due to the increasing prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and rising awareness about this disorder. (reportsanddata.com)

For individuals with rheumatoid arthritis who have difficulty brushing and flossing due to joint pain and stiffness, there are special oral hygiene tools available that can make the process easier. (varietytalk.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis impacts close to 1% of the worldwide population, and its symptoms include swelling, stiffness and joint pain. (medgadget.com)

They're FDA-approved to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Management of rheumatoid arthritis in adults whose symptoms progress despite an adequate regimen of NSAIAs. (drugs.com)

We are investigating the role of oral and gut bacteria in the initiation of pathology in the neurodegenerative disorders Alzheimer's and Parkinson's with collaborators in the United Kingdom and Japan. (sciencedaily.com)

Common use cases include rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, connective tissue disease, and organ transplants. (northwestpharmacy.com)

1,2 The safety profile of upadacitinib (15 mg and 30 mg) monotherapy or upadacitinib (15 mg) in combination with MTX was consistent with that observed in the previously reported integrated Phase 3 safety analysis in rheumatoid arthritis, with no new safety risks detected. (pharmiweb.com)
The safety profile of upadacitinib (15 mg and 30 mg) monotherapy at week 84 was generally consistent with that observed in the previously reported integrated Phase 3 safety analysis in rheumatoid arthritis, with no new safety risks detected. (pharmiweb.com)
Inhalant and additional mucosal-related environmental risks for rheumatoid arthritis. (cdc.gov)
Title : Inhalant and Additional Mucosal-Related Environmental Risks for Rheumatoid Arthritis Personal Author(s) : Luedders, Brent A.;Mikuls, Ted R.;Thiele, Geoffrey M.;Poole, Jill A.;England, Bryant R. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy34

Organisms3

Diseases41

Chemicals and Drugs68

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Humanities1

Information Science1

Health Care17

Geographicals1

Active rheumatoid arthritis5

Psoriatic arthritis3

Remission8

Methotrexate9

Health and Rheumatoid Arthritis2

Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis6

Juvenile11

Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis1

Periodontal disease3

Patients with refractory1

Inhibitor3

Tofacitinib5

Rheumatology3

Severe5

Centers1

Efficacy2

Glucocorticoids2

Immune4

20202

Joints8

Autoimmunity2

Chronic inflammatory disease1

Biologic1

Antibodies1

Progression1

Nodules1

Treatment6

Osteoarthritis3

Manifestations1

Intravenous1

Inflammation caused2

Clinical1

Diagnosis1

Affects3

Drugs3

Lung2

Pathophysiology1

Medication4

Medications3

Musculoskeletal1

Signs and symptoms1

Methods1

Inflammatory arthritis2

Microbiota1

Drug4

Prevalence2

Stiffness2

Adults2

Disorders1

Ulcerative1

Risks4