Oral lichen planus predominantly occurs. Medical search. Frequent questions

Therefore, early in the formation of oral lichen planus lesions, CD8 + T cells may recognize an antigen associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I on keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
Oral lichen planus lesions contain increased levels of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. (medscape.com)
The role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis is supported by many autoimmune features of oral lichen planus, including its chronicity, onset in adults, predilection for females, association with other autoimmune diseases, occasional tissue-type associations, depressed immune-suppressor activity in patients with oral lichen planus, and the presence of autocytotoxic T-cell clones in lichen planus lesions. (medscape.com)
Reported associations between oral lichen planus and systemic diseases may be coincidental, because (1) oral lichen planus is relatively common, (2) oral lichen planus occurs predominantly in older adults, and (3) many drugs used in the treatment of systemic diseases trigger the development of oral lichenoid lesions as an adverse effect. (medscape.com)
The clinical history of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions varies. (medscape.com)
Approximately two thirds of patients with oral lichen planus report oral discomfort, especially in association with atrophic and erosive lesions. (medscape.com)
It is also commonly diagnosed by specialists practicing otolaryngology- head and neck surgery, periodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and eye doctors, as lesions can affect the eyes and mucous membranes of the oral cavity. (wikipedia.org)
In long standing lesions, especially in erosive and hypertrophic variants, squamous cell carcinoma may occur. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether viral transcripts were present within the skin of patients with HCV and LP, and if systemic virologic response to interferon alfa and ribavirin correlated with response of the LP.Materials and methods A total of 4 men and 1 woman all presented with cutaneous eruptions of LP, and 1 had oral LP lesions. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Lichen planus is a recurrent, pruritic, inflammatory eruption characterized by small, discrete, polygonal, flat-topped, violaceous papules that may coalesce into rough scaly plaques, often accompanied by oral and/or genital lesions. (msdmanuals.com)
This image shows vesiculobullous lesions (some ruptured) resulting from lichen planus. (msdmanuals.com)
Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin, which most commonly affects individuals between 30-60 years of age and is characterized by different types of lesions involving the skin and mucosa . (amboss.com)
The most common lesions are purple papules with well-demarcated, irregular borders, which typically occur on the wrists, lower extremities, and genitoanal region. (amboss.com)
Lichen planus is clinically diagnosed based on the presence of typical skin lesions. (amboss.com)
Manifests with diffuse lesions that closely resemble lichen planus but are not histologically identical. (amboss.com)
In 1937, Guogerot and Burnier described the coexistence of oral, cervical, and stomach LP lesions with no cutaneous involvement as "plurimucosal LP" [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
In 1982, Pelisse and colleagues reintroduced a similar variant of mucosal LP as the vulvovaginal-gingival syndrome with erosive lesions involving the oral and vulvovaginal mucosa [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
We report a patient who manifested lesions of lichen planus. (jsstd.org)
[ 1 - 9 ] We report a patient in whom the lesions of lichen planus predominantly affected the skin harboring a Becker's nevus. (jsstd.org)
The lesions predominantly located on the tongue and were diagnosed in an advanced stage of the disease, resulting in 35.7% of deaths. (bvsalud.org)
A variety of other erythematous, firm, maculopapular lesions can occur elsewhere, including exposed areas of the face and neck, upper chest, and elbows. (merckmanuals.com)
This paper describes the rationale for choosing a conservative clinical management approach to two children exhibiting unique oral lesions. (ommegaonline.org)
Two youngsters arriving for consultation, presented approximately twelve months apart with similar oral lesions. (ommegaonline.org)
1. Oral cavity lesions are extremely diverse and result in pathology which can be classified by historical, morphological, or histopathological characteristics. (ommegaonline.org)
Accurate diagnosis of oral mucosa lesions is necessary for instituting appropriate management of patients. (ommegaonline.org)
Lesions of the oral cavity can vary diversely from localized, relatively mild, life quality perturbing, damage to the oral mucosa [1] , all the way to rampaging jeopardizing advanced florrid mucositis [2,3] . (ommegaonline.org)
It can vary in size and shape and can occur as a singular lesion or as multiple lesions (lentigines). (norcal-dermatology.com)
Lichen simplex chronicus can present as a solitary lesion or as multiple lesions-usually in areas that are easy to reach. (norcal-dermatology.com)
They can occur as a solitary lesion or multiple lesions (often occurring in families). (norcal-dermatology.com)
The objective of this work was to verify the applicability of the Bethesda's System in the morphologic characterization of the cytological smears of scamous lesions that can happen in the oral cavity, evaluating the possibility of participation of the papilomavírus in the aetiology in the same ones. (ndltd.org)
The sample was originated from 41 patients assisted in the stomatologic's service of HUB that were selected for present the lesions clinically malignity suspicious, benign lesions of probable viral's aetiology or because they were in attendance after treatment of oral cancer. (ndltd.org)

Younes F, Quartey EL, Kiguwa S, Partridge M. Expression of TNF and the 55-kDa TNF receptor in epidermis, oral mucosa, lichen planus and squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Biopsy also helps detect squamous cell carcinoma , the risk of which is increased in lichen planus. (amboss.com)
In Spain, approximately 3% of malignant tumors originate in oral cavity and the majority of them correspond to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), followed by malignant tumors of salivary glands, lymphoreticular disease, bone tumors, melanomas, sarcomas, malignant odontogenic tumors and oral metastasis of tumors from other primary sites 1 . (bvsalud.org)

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disorder that presents in a wide range of clinical forms, such as unilateral or bilateral white striations, papules, or plaques on the buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, tongue, and gingiva. (medscape.com)
Plaquelike oral lichen planus on the buccal mucosa on the left side. (medscape.com)
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes bilateral white striations, papules, or plaques on the buccal mucosa, tongue, and gingivae. (medscape.com)
In such instances, the referring medical or dental practitioner identifies the clinical changes in the oral mucosa. (medscape.com)
Some patients report a roughness of the lining of the mouth, sensitivity of the oral mucosa to hot or spicy foods or oral hygiene products, painful oral mucosa, sore gums, red or white patches on the oral mucosa, red gums, or oral ulcerations. (medscape.com)
Lichen planus can affect the skin , mucosa , scalp, genitalia, and nails , and manifests with varying symptoms depending on the subtype of the disease. (amboss.com)
We can reduce the risk of oral cancer by stopping the use of tobacco, getting regular checkups by a dentist, and being aware of dental hygiene and changes in the mucosa of the mouth. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
The early preclinical invasive cancer present as small painless ulcers, nodules, or growth through visual inspection and palpation of oral mucosa can help us detect the early stages of this disease and treat it on time. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
Physical examination revealed multiple light-brown papules up to 7 mm in diameter disseminated on the trunk and upper extremities ( Fig. 1 A). There were no eruptions on the lower extremities, the oral mucosa or the genital area. (medicaljournals.se)
The oral mucosa is a susceptible component of our anatomy with explicit implications on our well being. (ommegaonline.org)
Consequently an unfamiliar pattern of oral mucosa pathology will raise much concern. (ommegaonline.org)
Both youngsters displayed pseudomembranous plaques covering a limited zone of the oral mucosa. (ommegaonline.org)
Pathological changes of the oral mucosa leading to well defined diagnoses are diverse and usually readily recognized by clinicians of overlapping fields: dermatologists, pediatricians, family physicians as well as ear nose and throat specialists and dentists. (ommegaonline.org)
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare genodermatosis predominantly featuring painful palmoplantar keratoderma, thickened nails, cysts and whitish oral mucosa. (findzebra.com)

Excess alcohol increases the risk of oral cancer from twofold to sixfold within the oral cavity. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
There are many diagnostics aids available to screen the oral cavity for cancer and pre-cancer that detectthem at early stages and treat them effectively. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
Prevention of oral cancer -watch out for ulcers and red-white patches in the oral cavity which don't heal for more than 2 weeks, repeated cheek and tongue bites, uncontrollable diabetes, and tobacco abuse in the form of khaini, gutka, supari, bidi, cigarettes. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
Introduction: Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) are conditions that may precede the onset of cancer in the oral cavity. (bvsalud.org)
1 2 The American Cancer Society estimates 54,540 new cases and 11,580 deaths due to cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx in 2023. (cancerquest.org)
The oral cavity, also known as the mouth, includes the gums, lips, tongue, the hard palate or bone at the top of the mouth, and the bottom of the mouth below the tongue. (cancerquest.org)
The oral cavity is used for chewing, tasting, swallowing and manipulating air to form words. (cancerquest.org)
The salivary glands are glands found in the oral cavity (mouth) and throat. (cancerquest.org)
These are the two most common risk factors for head and neck cancer, especially cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx. (cancerquest.org)
7 It is characterized by abnormal development of the oral cavity, digital, skeletal, and neurological abnormalities, and diffuse alopecia. (tripod.com)
Care for the oral cavity lies in the intersection of dentistry and medicine. (annals.edu.sg)
As the oral cavity serves as an entry to the gastrointestinal. (annals.edu.sg)

A number of associated cutaneous findings have been reported in up to 15% of these patients including lichen planus-like eruptions (LP). (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Lichen planus is generally a chronic-recurrent condition, except for the cutaneous form, which is usually self-limiting . (amboss.com)
Cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) most commonly involves the flexor surfaces of the extremities and presents as small itchy violaceous Papules in middle-aged adults. (hindawi.com)
Oral LP (OLP) can be the sole clinical presentation of the disease or accompanied by cutaneous or other mucosal manifestations including the genital area, gastrointestinal tract, and eyes. (hindawi.com)
16 Lichen planus affecting other sites (cutaneous, nail, mucosal) is seen more frequently in association with LPP (28-50%) 17,18 than with FFA (1.6-9.9%) 3,9,15 . (skintherapyletter.com)
It can occur as a benign primary condition, of unknown cause, or secondary to other conditions such as atopic dermatitis (eczema) or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (darlinghairrestoration.com)

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV - ICD-10 L10.0) is the most common form of the disorder and occurs when antibodies attack desmoglein 3. (wikipedia.org)
Pemphigus defines a group of autoimmune intraepithelial blistering diseases that are characterized by loss of normal cell-cell adhesion (acantholysis), and by the presence of pathogenic (predominantly IgG) autoantibodies reacting against epithelial adhesion molecules. (wikipedia.org)

It was originally named "lichen ruber planus" and "lichen psoriasis" [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

Lichen planus occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks cells of the skin or mucous membranes. (parlor-games.com)
Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory and immune mediated disease that affects the skin, nails, hair, and mucous membranes. (hindawi.com)
Lichen planus is an inflammatory condition that can affect the skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes (such as the mouth and genital region). (norcal-dermatology.com)

Examples are fungal and viral infections (chicken pox, measles, etc.), allergic reactions to insect bites or contact dermatitis, psoriasis or lichen planus. (barefacedtruth.com)

The burden of the disease is higher in some variants including hypertrophic LP and erosive oral LP, which may have a more chronic pattern. (hindawi.com)
Description Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis with the main clinical features of hypertrophic nail dystrophy, painful and highly debilitating plantar keratoderma, oral leukokeratosis, and a variety of epidermal cysts. (findzebra.com)

Definitive diagnosis requires examination of a skin or mucous membrane biopsy by a dermatopathologist or oral pathologist. (wikipedia.org)

If the scalp is affected, patchy scarring alopecia (lichen planopilaris) may occur. (msdmanuals.com)
Considered a clinical variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP), it has distinctive features and associations which distinguish it from LPP. (skintherapyletter.com)
1 Clinically, the follicular features appeared identical to lichen planopilaris (LPP) however, the pattern of the disease was distinct from typical LPP in several ways. (skintherapyletter.com)

[ 22 ] Oral lichen planus is a common noninfectious oral mucosal disorder among adult patients who attend oral pathology and oral medicine clinics. (medscape.com)
The discussion digresses upon the differential diagnosis to be considered setting an outline for a systematic approach to oral mucosal pathology. (ommegaonline.org)

Lichen planus is a pruritic inflammatory dermatosis of unknown origin. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that most often affects middle-aged adults. (hindawi.com)
LP (Greek "Leichen" = tree moss, Latin "planus" = flat, even) [ 2 ] was first explained in 1869 by Dr. Wilson as an inflammatory disorder of the stratified squamous epithelia with an unknown etiology. (hindawi.com)
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disorder of autoimmune etiology, occurring predominantly in young women. (merckmanuals.com)
Acne: A common inflammatory skin condition resulting in pustules and cysts, predominantly on the face, back, and chest. (dralpana.com)

The prevalence of oral lichen planus in the United States is unknown. (medscape.com)
Oral lichen planus affects approximately 1-2% of the general adult population, although the prevalence of the disease is unknown in many areas. (medscape.com)
An increased prevalence of a wide range of liver disease in lichen planus has been observed by many authors. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
4 (2001) assert that tongue cancer is the most common oral cancer in India constituting about 36.5% of all oral malignancies, attributing its high prevalence due to tobacco chewing, smoke and alcohol use. (bvsalud.org)

It may occur as pink plaques on the face or scalp, with associated scale and hair loss. (darlinghairrestoration.com)

Objective: To describe the main clinical features, histological aspects and treatment of leukoplakia, erythroplakia, actinic cheilitis and oral lichen planus. (bvsalud.org)
oral lichen planus has a variety of clinical presentations, with the reticular form being the most common. (bvsalud.org)
Mendoza-Azpur G, Álvarez-Paucar M, Gálvez-Calla L, Carbajal L. Perception of Clinical Training and Future Objectives of Residents of Oral Implantology (POCTOIR-30 Questionnaire): A Pilot Study of Statistical Validation. (wjoud.com)
The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire (POCTOIR-30) for the evaluation of the perception of clinical training and future goals of residents of oral implantology. (wjoud.com)
This systematic review aimed to investigate the clinical effects and safety of oral CHM for AR by comparing it to Western medications (WM). (pubmed.pro)
RESULTS:Meta-analysis of the available clinical study data shows that Shenxian-Shengmai Oral Liquid has a favorable effect for bradycardia. (pubmed.pro)

The specific antigen that triggers lichen planus is unknown, although it may be a self-peptide (or altered self-peptide), in which case lichen planus would be a true autoimmune disease. (medscape.com)
The expression or unmasking of the lichen planus antigen may be induced by drugs (lichenoid drug reaction), contact allergens in dental restorative materials or toothpastes (contact hypersensitivity reaction), mechanical trauma (Koebner phenomenon), viral infection, or other unidentified agents. (medscape.com)

In many patients, the onset of oral lichen planus is insidious, and patients are unaware of their oral condition. (medscape.com)
It may occur at any age, but onset is frequently in persons between age 20 and 40 years. (darlinghairrestoration.com)
Peak onset is roughly bimodal, most often at ages 16 to 22 and at ages 57 to 60, but the disorder can occur at any age. (merckmanuals.com)

This image shows small papules with a sheen in cross-lighting typical of lichen planus. (msdmanuals.com)
This image shows papules and plaques resulting from lichen planus. (msdmanuals.com)
This photo shows papules and plaques of lichen planus on dark skin. (msdmanuals.com)
This image shows violaceous flat-topped papules coalescing into plaques on the dorsal hand of a patient with lichen planus. (msdmanuals.com)

The dense subepithelial mononuclear infiltrate in oral lichen planus is composed of T cells and macrophages, and there are increased numbers of intraepithelial T cells. (medscape.com)
The lymphoid infiltrate contained predominantly CD3(+) T cells and scattered KP-1(+) mononuclear cells, without CD20(+) B cells. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)

[ 19 ] Research published in 2015 also suggests that osteopontin, CD44, and survivin may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. (medscape.com)
The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. (medscape.com)

Of possible significance, elevated concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neopterin in saliva and serum of patients with the erosive-atrophic form of oral lichen planus suggest they may be involved in the etiology of this disease variation. (medscape.com)

They are usually symmetrically distributed, most commonly on the flexor surfaces of the wrists, legs, trunk, glans penis, and oral and vaginal mucosae but can be widespread. (msdmanuals.com)

Ulcerative oral lichen planus on the dorsum of the tongue. (medscape.com)

[ 9 ] Serum and salivary TNF levels are elevated in oral lichen planus patients. (medscape.com)
[ 20 ] Additionally, microRNA 4484 (miR-4484) has been found to be significantly up-regulated in the salivary exosomes of patients with oral lichen planus. (medscape.com)
Shan J, Ma JM, Wang R, Liu QL, Fan Y. Proliferation and Apoptosis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus. (medscape.com)
Complete history taking and physical examination by a dermatologist may be required in patients with extra-oral symptoms or signs associated with oral lichen planus. (medscape.com)
Lichen sclerosus- which predominantly affects the anogenital area in female patients - has been associated in research studies with increased psychological distress and decreased quality of life. (parlor-games.com)
A few things that patients can do to prevent oral cancer are avoiding tobacco and alcohol and regular intake of spicy food. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
Two patients, aged 11-year-old female and 35-year-old male, reported to the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology with burning sensation on taking spicy foods. (ijohr.org)
Joint symptoms, ranging from intermittent arthralgias to acute polyarthritis, occur in about 90% of patients and may precede other manifestations by years. (merckmanuals.com)
Patients must be escorted throughout the process and should be provided emotional and medical support until full recovery of epithelial integrity occurs, if possible. (ommegaonline.org)
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is a neutrophilic dermatosis primarily affecting the eccrine glands and occurs most commonly in patients undergoing chemotherapy for a malignancy. (annals.edu.sg)
Few patients (5 to 10%) with DLE progress to SLE, although in patients with classic SLE, DLE occurs in about 20% of patients. (darlinghairrestoration.com)
Oral aloe may reduce blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with diabetes. (therapeuticresearch.com)

Lichen planus pigmentosus is a condition characterized by persistent and asymptomatic slaty-gray pigmentation, predominantly in the face. (ijohr.org)

However, this condition typically occurs primarily in girls who haven't started menstruating and in postmenopausal women. (parlor-games.com)

The eruptive variant of syringoma, which is observed less commonly than other subtypes, is 1-5 mm in size and is predominantly distributed over the anterior trunk, neck, abdomen and axillae (2, 3). (medicaljournals.se)

But the dermatologic problems that may occur when the growing girl tries on her mother's or older sister's cosmetics are apt to be overlooked, because acne cosmetica and contact dermatitis to beauty products are usually associated with adult women. (tripod.com)

If symptoms are bothersome, topical creams and oral antihistamines may help. (parlor-games.com)
Symptoms are usually minimal, but mild to severe itching may occur. (merckmanuals.com)

Lichen sclerosus (or sclerosis, or LS) is a rare skin disease that causes itchy and painful patches of thin, white, wrinkled-looking skin. (parlor-games.com)

Balanoposthitis occurs over a wide age range and is more common in uncircumcised penis (about 3:1over circumcised men) possibly as a result of poorer hygiene and aeration or because the constantly covered skin is hotter and moister, and thus receptive to bacterial and fungal (i.e. candida) overgrowth and prone to irritation and inflammation by smegma (although not shown to be a direct cause of non specific balanoposthitis). (lucianoschiazza.it)
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation ("PIH") is an acquired condition in which excessive melanin deposition occurs at sites of skin inflammation or injury. (barefacedtruth.com)
Abdominal colic is pain that occurs every few minutes as one of the internal organs goes into muscular spasm in an attempt to overcome an obstruction such as a stone or an area of inflammation. (zlibrary-global.se)

Chronic trauma from sharp teeth, dentures, and poor nutrition may also contribute to oral cancer. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
Lichen sclerosus is a chronic skin condition most commonly affects the genital skin. (norcal-dermatology.com)

Mouth sores do not occur. (wikipedia.org)

Azeez F, Sobhanakumari K, Zacharia M, Palakkal S, Shaj K. Becker's nevus and lichen planus: A rare coexistence. (jsstd.org)

Gao Jiaming,Wang Taiyi,Yao Xi,Xie Weiwei,Shi Xianru,He Shuang,Zhao Tao,Wang Chunhua,Zhu Yan BMC complementary and alternative medicine BACKGROUND:Shenxian-Shengmai (SXSM) Oral Liquid is a CFDA-approved patent Chinese Herbal medicine, which has been clinically used for the treatment of bradycardia. (pubmed.pro)

Current data suggest that oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which autocytotoxic CD8 + T cells trigger the apoptosis of oral epithelial cells. (medscape.com)

The secondary form represent a slow malignancy, and generally occurs in an older age group with larger areas of involvement on the extremities, trunk and face. (darlinghairrestoration.com)

Lichen sclerosus is thought to be related to genetics, immune disorders, trauma, or infection. (parlor-games.com)
But infection may occur without sexual contact, usually in the presence of diabetes (of which it may be the presenting symptom) or after the use of oral antibiotics. (lucianoschiazza.it)
Treatment of Candida infection can be topical or oral antifungals. (lucianoschiazza.it)

Most recently, many reports appeared of the occurrence of lichen planus after administration of different types of hepatitis B vaccines. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Lichen planus in children: a possible complication of hepatitis B vaccines. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Lichen planus (LP) has been reported as a complication of hepatitis B vaccination in both adults and children. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Lichen planus associated with hepatitis C virus: No viral transcripts are found in the lichen planus, and effective therapy for hepatitis C virus does not clear lichen planus. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)

The vital cause of oral cancer is commonly the use of tobacco. (arkansasdailyreview.com)

Although PV may occur at any age, it is most common among people between 40 and 60. (wikipedia.org)
Intraorally, it resembles the more common diseases lichen planus and mucous membrane pemphigoid. (wikipedia.org)
Smoking and Tobacco chewing is the most common causes of oral cancer in India. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
In Africa, the challenges of cancrum oris, acute necrotizing gingivitis, oral cancer, oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS, and maxillofacial trauma are also common especially among the low-socioeconomic communities. (ijohr.org)
Oral cancer is the eighth most common tumor in Brazilian's male with 9.985 estimated cases/year, and the ninth among women, 3.895 estimated cases/year, where its main primary site is the first one-third anterior portion of tongue, lower lip, mouth floor and hard palate 3 . (bvsalud.org)

Lichen sclerosus can cause discomfort, itching, and easy bruising or tearing of the skin. (parlor-games.com)

This critical review takes into account several publications related to oral cancer epidemiology searching for international data. (bvsalud.org)
Oral cancer epidemiology. (bvsalud.org)

No. Lichen planus is a non-infectious, itchy rash that can affect many areas of the body. (parlor-games.com)
Lichen simplex chronicus is a condition where repeated scratching or rubbing of a site creates a localized, itchy, thickened, leathery patch of skin. (norcal-dermatology.com)

What the heck is Lichen Sclerosis, you might be wondering. (parlor-games.com)

Treatment primarily consists of high-dose topical steroids but may also include oral steroids and phototherapy in cases of extensive or steroid -refractory disease. (amboss.com)
CCCA affects primarily women of African descent, but rarely occurs in women of other ethnic groups and men. (darlinghairrestoration.com)

Oral cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the mouth, throat, or tongue and then spreads throughout the body. (arkansasdailyreview.com)
A doctor can diagnose oral cancer by examining the mouth, throat, and neck area. (arkansasdailyreview.com)

Conclusion: OPMDs can be found during oral examination, thus enabling early diagnosis, correct referral to a specialist and appropriate intervention, which may reduce the rate of progression of these conditions to cancer. (bvsalud.org)

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are widely prescribed for the prevention and treatment of stroke, systemic embolism and venous thromboembolism.1 Their mechanism of action involves. (annals.edu.sg)

Anatomy2

Organisms2

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs9

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes1

Disciplines and Occupations1

Lesions31

Squamous cell carc3

Mucosa14

Cavity12

Cutaneous6

Pemphigus2

Ruber planus1

Mucous membranes3

Psoriasis1

Hypertrophic2

Skin or mucous1

Planopilaris3

Mucosal2

Inflammatory5

Prevalence4

Scalp1

Clinical6

Antigen2

Onset3

Papules4

Infiltrate2

Pathogenesis2

Erosive1

Glans penis1

Ulcerative1

Patients12

Asymptomatic1

Postmenopausal women1

Subtypes1

Dermatologic1

Symptoms2

Painful1

Inflammation3

Chronic2

Sores1

Coexistence1

Clinically1

Epithelial cells1

Trunk1

Infection3

Hepatitis4

Commonly1

Common5

Discomfort1

Epidemiology2

Itchy2

Sclerosis1

Primarily2

Mouth2

Diagnosis1

Systemic1